Answer: Option B. are able to drift about in the plasma membrane.
Explanation:
Membrane phospholipid are having a amphiphilic structure which contains a hydrophilic "head" consisting of a phosphate group and two hydrophobic fatty acid "tails" that are connected to a glycerol molecule.
In contact with water, membrane phospholipid hydrophobic tail avoid interaction with water molecules and allow to drift about in the plasma membrane. the hydrophilic heads line up against each other and forms lipid bi-layer that faces towards water.
The movement of membrane phospholipid forms the fluid mosaic model,in which lipid molecules act as solvent and proteins embedded in it. This allows the proteins and lipid to move across plasma membrane.
Hence, The structural property of membrane phospholipid makes them able to drift about in the plasma membrane
If the frequency of the A3 allele of a creatine phosphatase locus in a population of lions is 0.4, how many copies of that allele should we expect to see in a population of 500 lions?
Answer:
We should expect to see 400 copies of A3 allele
Explanation:
The frecuency (F) of an allele is equal to:
[tex]F_{A3} =\frac{Number of copies of allele}{Total number of copies of gene in population}[/tex]
Given that lions are diploid organisms, which means they have two copies of each chromosome, there are in total 1000 copies of the creatine phosphatase locus (500*2=1000).
By replacing in the formula, be obtain that:
[tex]0.4=\frac{number of copies of allele A3}{1000}[/tex]
[tex]0.4*1000=number of copies of allele A3\\400- number of copies of allele A3[/tex]
I
In 1865, a biologist, St. George Jackson Mivart, constructed an evolutionary tree of existing primate species with many branches based on analysis of spinal columns. But to his dismay, another tree based on limb comparison was quite different. Which of the following analyses would be best to include today to determine which tree is more accurate?
A) comparison of genes that control developmentB) comparison of eyes of primatesC) comparison of DNA sequences of primatesD) examination of evolutionary trees constructed by others.
Answer:
The correct answer is option C) "comparison of DNA sequences of primates".
Explanation:
Before DNA analysis was available, biologists took different approaches to construct evolutionary trees among the species. However these approaches were inaccurate and produced variabilities, such as the one constructed by St. George Jackson based on spinal columns analysis and the other tree based on limb comparisons. Nowadays, comparison of DNA sequences is the most widely and accepted method to generate evolutionary trees for being a highly accurate and reliable source to establish common ancestors among species.
What is plant blindness?
a. The inability to see or notice plants in one's own environment
b. The inability to recognize the importance of plants in the biosphere and in human affairs
c. The inability to appreciate the aesthetic and unique biological features of plants
d. The misguided ranking of plants as inferior to animals - leading to the conclusion that plants are unworthy of human consideration
Answer:
The answer is A.
Explanation:
Plant blindness refers to "the inability to see or notice the plants in one's own environment." The term plant blindness was coined twenty years ago by Elizabeth Schussler and James Wandersee who are botanists. Plant blindness results in "the inability to recognize the importance of plants in the biosphere and in human affairs." It is also the reason why people have a tendency of ranking “plants as inferior to animals”. Therefore, plants tend to receive limited care and upkeep. It is important to recognize plant blindness so that more intentional care can be given to preserving our plant species and ensure their survival and ability to thrive.
One of the limiting factors in human physical performance is the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream. Accordingly, entrepreneurs have begun selling at gymnasiums and health clubs bottles of drinking water, labeled "SuperOXY," that has extra oxygen dissolved in the water. Such water would be useless in improving physical performance, however, since the only way to get oxygen into the bloodstream so that it can be absorbed by the muscles is through the lungs.
Which of the following, if true, would serve the same function in the argument as the statement in boldface?
(A) the water lost in exercising can be replaced with ordinary tap water
(B) the amount of oxygen in the blood of people who are exercising is already more than the muscle can absorb
(C) world-class athletes turn in record performance without such water
(D) frequent physical exercise increases the body’s ability to take in and use oxygen
(E) lack of oxygen is not the only factor limiting human physical performance
Answer:
(E) lack of oxygen is not the only factor limiting human physical performance
Explanation:
Oxygen is used for cellular respiration to produce ATP which is the usable energy of muscle cells.
Other factors such as cardiovascular capacity also affects performance.
Also muscles can accumulate glycogen as energy storage, endurance is partly based on the amount of glycogen your muscles hold to work for longer periods of time.
The size of your muscle matters this explains why even golf players go to gym.
How could a bacteria become resistant to your tetracycline? Your answer should include the concepts of mutation and natural selection.
Answer: Tetracyclines are protein synthesis inhibiting antibiotics that kill bacteria by preventing it to translate proteins in the ribosomes. They bind to 30s ribosomal subunits, inhibiting protein expression and translation.
Explanation:
Tetracycline drug resistant bacteria inherits genes from a parent bacterial cell that was exposed to the drug. As a result of exposure to tetracycline, the parent bacterial cell goes through a random mutation that can resist and survive this induced environmental pressure. The random mutation protects its ribosomes from the drugs inhibitory effect.
As evolution by natural selection explains, it then transfers that gene or mutation through horizontal gene transfer to its offspring. It occurs in a way that any daughter bacterial cell will become naturally resistant and survive in the presence of tetracycline.
Nitrifying bacteria convert _____ to _____.a. nitrogen gas ... ammoniumb. nitrogen gas ... nitratesc. ammonium ... nitritesd. nitrates ... nitrogen gase. ammonium ... nitrogen gas
Answer:
c.ammonium ... nitrites is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonium to nitrites and this process is called Nitrification.
Nitrification is a naturally occurring process by a specialized type of bacteria(nitrifying bacteria)
Nitrifying bacteria are Nitrosococcus, Nitrococcus, Nitrosomonas, and Nitrobacter.
The conversion of ammonium to nitrites is done by Nitrosomononas bacteria and it a complex process that needs oxygen, protein, and enzymes such as ammonia monooxygenase, hydroxylamine oxidoreductase.
Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia to nitrites. Therefore, option C is correct.
Nitrifying bacteria are a group of microorganisms that play a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle by converting ammonia (NH₃) and ammonium (NH₄⁺) into nitrites (NO₂⁻) and nitrates (NO₃⁻), respectively. This process is known as nitrification.
They are commonly found in soil, freshwater, and marine environments. Nitrifying bacteria are responsible for converting toxic forms of ammonia into less harmful forms, making nitrogen available for uptake by plants and other organisms. Nitrate, in particular, is an essential nutrient for plant growth.
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A mineral sample has the color, streak, hardness, and density that are characteristic of magnetite. Which additional test would most help establish the mineral's identity?
Answer: A. Moving an iron nail near it
1. This cold, dry biome is populated by lichens and shrubs that can survive great seasonal variations in sunlight and temperature.
2. In this hot, dry biome, populations of zebras, gazelles, and giraffes are concentrated around widely spaced watering holes.
3. Also called steppe or prairie, this biome has been extensively developed for agricultural use due to its nutrient-rich soils.
4. Despite having lush vegetation and diverse biological communities, the soil in this biome has low nutrient content and cannot support long-term agriculture.
5. This is the driest biome, where many plants have water-conserving features such as thick leaves and needles.
6. This biome is characterized by broad-leaved trees that lose their leaves each fall and remain dormant during winter.
Answer:
1. Tundra Biome, 2. Rainforest Biome, 3. Grassland Biome, 4. Taiga Biome, 5. Desert Biome, 6. Deciduous Forest Biome.
Explanation:
1. Tundra is known for arctic conditions, lying north of Taiga biome. There are large ranges in most climatic conditions here.
2. Found around the equator, variety of tropical animals and plants.
3. Vegetation is mostly grass, very flat land thus good for farming.
4. Also known as the Boreal forest biome. Much vegetation.
5. High evaporation rate, animals adapted to dry conditions.
6. Cold winters and warm summers, thus winter makes growing deciduous.
Answer:
1. Tundra
2. Savanna
3. Temperate grassland
4. Tropical rainforest
5. Desert
6. Temperate deciduous forest
Explanation:
1. Tundra: This is a biome where there are no trees due to the frozen components of the soil. They are located near the North Pole. Lichens and shrubs grow and survive in this biome.
2. Savanna: This is a biome that experience two weather seasons which are the Dry season and Wet season. The trees in a savanna are scattered and well spaced.
3. Temperate grassland: This is a biome that it's major vegetation are grasses. Trees or shrubs cannot be found in a Temperate grassland. The soils in a Temperate grassland are full of nutrients which is essential for plant growth.
4. Tropical rainforest: This is a rainforest that have tall trees and broad green leaves. The temperature in a tropical rainforest is warm and the atmosphere is moist. A tropical rainforest experiences a large amount of rainfall all through the year.
5. Desert: This is a place where there is no water. Plants find it very difficult to thrive in a biome. The weather is very hot and dry. Any plants that survives in a deserts has very thick cuticles which helps to prevent the loss of water from the plant by evaporation. Examples of such plants are Cactus.
6. Temperate deciduous forest: The leaves in a Temperate deciduous forest are very broad. The trees loose their leaves in a Temperate deciduous forest and also grow them back due to the changes in season such as Autumn, Spring, Winter, Summer.
Which statement concerning polygenic traits is not true?
a. The most frequently discussed are skin, hair, and eye color.
b. Their expression is often influenced by genetic/environmental interactions.
c. The alleles have an additive effect on the phenotype, intensifying the genes.
d. They are continuous traits.
e. They are governed by more than one genetic locus.
Answer:
The correct answer is: C) The alleles have an additive effect on the phenotype, intensifying the genes.
Explanation:
Polygenic traits (such as skin, hair and eye color) are those phenotypes that are influenced by more than one gene, meaning that the whole genetic information needed for these traits is located in multiple loci.
Aside from consisting of many alleles participating in the expression of some characteristics, polygenic inheritance differs greatly from the classical mendelian inheritance by also having continuous variation (which means that there aren't only two possible outcomes, but a whole spectrum) and a much more complex inheritance pattern.
Even when the genetic information for these traits plays an important role on the expression of these genes, the environment can be of great impact on these phenotypes (such as how the diet of an individual can affect greatly on a person's weight).
Polygenic traits are also of variable expressivity (people with the same genotype can express the characteristic with different intensities) and of incomplete penetrance (even when having the same genotype, some people may not actually develop the phenotype associated with it).
The alleles, however, don't always have an additive effect as they sometimes do the opposite job and suppress the alleles of other genes.
are the beginning link in a food chain while
are at the end of the chain.
Answer:
heyooo!!
Producers are the beginning link in a food chain while decomposes are at the end of the chain
hope this helps!!
Explanation:
producers are what start any and every food chain, without the producers the primary consumers wouldn't be able eat.
decomposes are at the end of a chain because they eat what ever consumer dies off.
Answer:
producers are the beginning and decomposers are the end
Explanation:
As people become more concentrated in cities, some pressure on eco-systems in areas that are now less populated eases. Why do you think this is the case
Answer:
Which of the following models of the atom was supported by the gold foil experiment?
solid, dense sphere
plum pudding model
nuclear model
planetary model
Explanation:
The cheetah seems to be headed for extinction because, resulting from intensive inbreeding generations ago, the species has so little genetic variation that it is extremely vulnerable to environmental change. (A) because, resulting from intensive inbreeding generations ago, (B) because, as a result of intensive inbreeding generations ago, (C) because they inbred intensively generations ago so that (D) because there was intensive inbreeding generations ago and (E) as a result of their intensive inbreeding generations ago.
Answer: E) as a result of their intensive inbreeding generations ago.
Explanation: Cheetahs face difficulties in reproduction and are susceptible to viruses because they are genetically too similar. Mating between close relatives is the main reason for the threat of extinction that cheetahs face.
The cheetah is a unique felid, with its closest living relatives being the puma and jaguarundi of the Americas. This cat is notable for modifications in the species' paws, being one of the few felids with only semi-retractable claws.
Almost every facet of the cheetah's anatomy has evolved to maximise its success in the chase, the result of an evolutionary arms race with its prey. Due to this specialisation, however, the cheetah is poorly equipped to defend itself against other large predators, with speed being its main means of defence.
In the Hershey-Chase experiment, what was labeled by growing bacteriophage in 32P-containing medium?
A DNA
B proteins
C RNA
D lipids
E ghost phage particles
Answer: A DNA
Explanation:
The Hershey-Chase experiment was used to to confirm that DNA is genetic material.
Before that, scientists believed that proteins carried the information for inheritance, because DNA appeared to be an inert molecule located in the nucleus, and its role was considered to be phosphorus storage.
Bacteriophages infect a bacterium by injecting its genetic material into it. Hershey and Chase used a bacteriophage called T2 phage. To probe that DNA is the genetic material, they labeled its DNA with radioactive phosphorus-32. On the other hand, they labeled proteins of the phage with radioactive sulfur-35, this is because sulfur is contained in protein but not in DNA.
The phages infect a bacterium, injects the genetic material, hijacks the cell to make more phages, and then kills the bacterium by making it explode. In their experiments, Hershey and Chase probed that when bacteriophages infect bacteria, the genetic material injected is DNA. This is because phosphorus-32 was found in the bacterium.
Which task would be completed by an ecologist?
Options:
A.explore the medicinal uses of nectar
B.inoculate cattle against infection
C.survey and classify mollusk fossils
D.test the effect of cyanide on algae
The answer is option D "test the effect of cyanide on algae." Ecologist are researchers who study how organisms interact with their environment so in this case they are testing how algae reacts to cyanide. In another example they will be testing how a ape reacts to having a different fruit tree in their habitat. It wouldn't be option A, B, and C because you have to remember the job of a ecologist and the options are not jobs of one.
Hope this helps.
Muscle tissues are characterized by the presence of elongated cells, often called ____________ , that can contract to create movement. Many of our muscles are attached to the ____________ but muscles are also components of many of our ____________ .
Answer:
1. Muscle Fibers
2. Bones
3. Joints
Explanation:
Muscle tissue is made of muscle fibers. The plasma membrane of a muscle fiber is called sarcolemma while its cytoplasm is known as sarcoplasm. Muscle cells are characterized by the presence of specialized endoplasmic reticulum which is called sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Muscle cells exhibit contractility and extensibility. The ability of muscle cells to shorten their length forcibly in response to a stimulus is their contractility. Muscle fibers have the ability to extend and shorten themselves.
Extension and contraction of muscle fibers are responsible for the movement of the human body and its parts.
Muscles are attached to bones via tendons which in turn are the fibrous connective tissues. Muscles are also part of our joints where they assist in the movement by pulling the bones as well as stabilize and strengthen the joints.
Muscle tissues are characterized by the presence of elongated cells, often called Muscle fibres, that can contract to create movement. Many of our muscles are attached to the Bones but muscles are also components of many of our Joints.
Muscle fibres, which are specialised cells, are what give muscle tissues their unique properties. The ability of these elongated cells to contract is what gives the organism its ability to move. Although many of these muscles are attached to bones by tendons, they are also vital to the development and operation of joints.
Muscles are used to govern movement and maintain stability in joints, which are places where two or more bones contact. As a result, muscles play a crucial role in both joint health and bone mobility, which affects our capacity to move and engage in a variety of physical activities.
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You are a wildlife ecologist interested in finding out if Toxoplasma gondii impacts the predator/prey relationship of the Canada lynx and snowshoe hare. If it does, which of the following would be true?
a. The parasite would affect the brain of the lynx.
b. The parasite would not affect the brain of the lynx or the brain of the hare.
c. The parasite would affect the brain of the lynx and the brain of the hare.
d. The parasite would affect the brain of the hare.
Answer:
The correct answer is option d. The parasite would affect the brain of the hare.
Explanation:
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate parasite. It is one cell eukaryotic parasite that causes toxoplasmosis. It is very well known for its connection with the cats such as Canada lynx.
Canada lynx is a predator is from the cat family of animals that prey on the snowshoe hare. The connection between this predator and prey relationship. Parasite transmits from these cats to the hare and affect their brain.
Thus, the correct answer is option D. The parasite would affect the brain of the hare.
A "producer" in an ecosystem is:
A) the sun's energy
B) a plant
C) a herbivore
D) a carnivore
E) an omnivore
Answer:
B
Explanation:
It gives energy
Answer:
B) a plant
Explanation:
A producer is any green plant that traps the sun's rays and converts them to chemical energy.
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Q. 1 = Kidneys use energy to move molecules and ions in order to keep the blood chemically balanced. This process is an example of cells using energy to:
a. transmit impulses.
b. carry on chemosynthesis.
c. control body temperature.
d. maintain homeostasis.
Q. 2 = Select ALL of the parts of adenosine triphosphate:
a. 3 phosphates
b. Adenine
c. 2 phosphates
d. Ribose
Answer:
d
c, b
Explanation:
Answer:
Q. 1
D.) Maintain homeostasis.
Q. 2
A.) 3 phosphates
If an organism takes in 1,000 kilojoules of energy in the form of food, how much of this energy still exists after the organism has used the energy to build new cells, repair damaged cells, pump its heart, and run from a predator?
The 1,000 kilojoules of energy taken in by an organism will be used for various activities and biological functions, with some lost as heat and the excess possibly stored as body fat. The specific amount of energy used or stored depends on the organism's metabolic rate and level of physical activity.
Explanation:If an organism takes in 1,000 kilojoules of energy in the form of food, all of this energy does contribute to various biological processes such as building new cells, repairing damaged ones, pumping its heart, and running from a predator. However, not all the energy is utilized for these activities. Some of the energy is lost as heat due to the inefficiency of biological processes, as dictated by the laws of thermodynamics. In a human for example, if they lead a sedentary lifestyle, they might use about 10 megajoules per day, half of which is used in basic metabolic processes and the rest in voluntary muscular activity. Without detailed information on the specific organism and its metabolic rate, we cannot determine the exact amount of energy expended for work or how much is converted to body fat or lost in other ways. Generally, if the intake of energy exceeds that of the metabolic needs, the excess is typically stored as body fat, which contains about 39 kJ/g.
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Unlike other biogeochemical cycles, the phosphorus cycle moves only through the lithosphere, biosphere, and the hydrosphere. It is the only biogeochemical cycle that does not involve a gaseous state, meaning the atmosphere is not necessary. There are several reservoirs for the phosphorus cycle, what is the largest reservoir for phosphorus?
Answer: sedimentary rock
Explanation:
Indicate if the following statements about prokaryotes are true or false. A. They contain a plasma membrane B. They contain internal membrane-bound organelles C. They have a cell wall D. They have ribosomes
Answer:
A, C, D are true, B is false
Explanation:
Prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane, but they have no internal membrane-bound organelles within their cytoplasm. They have a cell wall and cytoplasm containing ribosomes
The study of cells is called cell biology. There are two types of cells on the basis of their development and these are prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The correct answer is mentioned below.
What are prokaryotes?A prokaryote is a single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus, and other membrane-bound organelles.According to the question,
They contain a plasma membrane is true as all cells have the plasma membraneThey contain internal membrane-bound organelles is false because the prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organellesThey have a cell wall is trueThey have ribosomes is true because it requires to make the protein.Hence, the answer is described.
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A new organism is discovered in the forests of Costa Rica. Scientists there determine that
the polypeptide sequence of hemoglobin from the new organism has 72 amino acid
differences from humans, 65 differences from a gibbon, 49 differences from a rat, and 5
differences from a frog. These data suggest that the new organism
A) is more closely related to humans than to frogs.
B) is more closely related to frogs than to humans.
C) may have evolved from gibbons but not rats.
D) is more closely related to humans than to rats.
E) may have evolved from rats but not from humans and gibbons.
Answer:
B. Is more closely related to frogs than to humans.
Explanation:
The amount of changes observed in a given gene from two different species is directly proportional to the divergence time. This means that if two species diverged recently, there will be few differences because there hasn't passed enough time for them to accumulate mutations. If two species diverged a long time ago, you will be able to observe many differences between the two homologous genes. The shorter the divergence time between two species, the closer they are related. Knowing this, you can conclude that the new organism will be more closely related to the species that it is more similar to, and in this case, that species is the frog, that only shows 5 differences in the hemoglobin when it's compared to the new species.
Because plate movements have raised ancient sea floors above sea level, a. There is less coral than there used to be. B. Coral reefs are only found in the deep oc
Answer:
B. coral reefs are only found in the deep oc
Question 13
H3O+ units are also known as ____.
A)hydrogen ions
B)hydronium ions
C)hydroxide ions
D)hydroxyl groups
Answer:
B)hydronium
Explanation:
This chemical structure is formed when an acid is disolved into water, as the cation (H+), which comes from the acid, cannot exist as such isolated in water (H20), hence the proton (H+) will be hydrated by a water molecule (H2O)
The union between H+ and H2O is due to the pair of electrons from oxygen and positive charge from H+
Answer:
H3O+ units are also known as hydronium ions. Hence the answer is option B.
Explanation:
Hydronium ions is defined as ions that contains proteinated ions and it is present in all the aqua solutions. These ions are abundant in protons and they have less electrons in them. It is because they had donated electrons to their other forms which gives a positive sign to the ion.
Hydronium ion is produced when an Arrhenius acid is mixed with dihydrogen oxide. This iron is found in universe like in comets, interstellar things, etc.
The recessive alleles for yellow body (yb) and cut wings (cw) identify two autosomal genes on the second chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster. When females, heterozygous at these two genes (yb+yb cw+cw), were crossed with yellow-bodied, cut-winged males, the following classes and numbers of progeny (out of 1000) were obtained:
a. wild type body color, wild type wings 120
b. wild type body color, cut wings 360
c. yellow body color, cut wings 140
d. yellow body color, wild type wings 380
Answer:
Option D
Explanation:
Given -
recessive alleles for yellow body is (yb) and cut wings is (cw)
Genotype of female parent which is heterozygous at these two genes - yb+yb cw+cw
Genotype of male with yellow-bodied, cut-winged is (ybyb, cwcw)
Cross between
yb+yb cw+cw & ybyb cwcw will produce following offspring
Please see the attached file
Hence, option D is correct
Of the six kingdoms now recognized, A two are eukaryotes, and four are prokaryotes. B four are plants, and two are animals. C two are prokaryotes, and four are eukaryotes. D four are bacteria, and two are eukarya.
Answer:
C two are prokaryotes, and four are eukaryotes.
In four kingdom classification, two are prokaryotes and four are eukaryotes.
What is six kingdom classification?The six kingdom classification was proposed by Carl Woese. Kingdom Archaebacteria, Kingdom Eubacteria, Kingdom Protista, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Plantae, and Kingdom Animalia make up these six kingdoms.
Based on the sequencing of the 16s ribosomal RNA genes, Woese discovered that the six kingdoms naturally cluster into three major groupings. He referred to these groups as domains of life.
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya are these domains. Additionally, he thought that these domains shared a common parent with Progenote.
Therefore, In four kingdom classification, two are prokaryotes and four are eukaryotes.
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Which of the following cells engulf antigens and present fragments of them on their own surfaces for recognition?
a. plasma cells
b. NK cells
c. dendritic cells
d. T lymphocytes
Answer:
c. dendritic cells
Explanation:
An antigen presenting cell like dendritic cell is a part of adaptive immune system. When it encounters a harmful foreign antigen, it engulfs it via phagocytosis. The phagocytic vesicle fuses with the intracellular lysosome and here the antigen is broken into smaller fragments. With the help of MHC complex, these fragments are presented on the surface of dendritic cell hence it becomes an antigen presenting cell. This cell is then recognized by other cells of immune system like lymphocytes and destroyed.
Dendritic cells are present in skin and lining of lungs, nose, stomach, intestines. In skin they are called as Langerhans cells. Macrophages are another type of antigen presenting cells.
Protozoans yeast mold algae bacteria helmiths
A. multicellular animals, parasitic worms, eukaryotic
B. photosynthetic, unicellular, or multicellular eukaryotic organisms
C. unicellular prokaryotic organisms
D. multicellular, filamentous fungi
E. unicellular, motile, eukaryotic organisms
F. unicellular fungi, eukaryotic
The terms protozoans, yeasts, molds, algae, bacteria, and helminths refer to diverse forms of life that range from unicellular to multicellular, from prokaryotic to eukaryotic, including both photosynthetic and parasitic organisms.
Explanation:Understanding Different Types of Organisms
The diversity of life encompasses various types of organisms, each with unique structures and life processes. Protozoans, yeasts, molds, algae, bacteria, and helminths are different forms of life studied within the field of biology, and particularly in microbiology. Brushing up on their fundamental characteristics can help us determine which category they fall under.
Protozoans are generally unicellular, motile, eukaryotic organisms, which are often found in aquatic environments and soil.Yeasts are unicellular fungi that are eukaryotic, known for their role in fermentation and baking processes.Molds are typically multicellular, filamentous fungi that play a vital role in decomposition.Algae can be unicellular or multicellular, and are photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms.Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotic organisms crucial to many processes on Earth but are distinct in lacking a defined nucleus.Helminths are multicellular animals, especially parasitic worms, and are studied in microbiology due to their microscopic eggs and larval stages.In the context of the options provided, protozoans, yeasts, molds, and algae are all eukaryotic organisms, bacteria are prokaryotic organisms, and helminths are typically multicellular eukaryotic organisms. Hence, the proper categorization would depend on the group or individual characteristics being considered.
Final answer:
Microbiology studies various organisms including unicellular and multicellular algae, motile protozoa, microscopic fungi like yeasts and molds, and multicellular parasitic helminths. Bacteria, distinct from these, are unicellular prokaryotes.
Explanation:
In the field of microbiology, various organisms are studied, including algae, protozoa, fungi (yeasts and molds), and helminths. Algae can be unicellular or multicellular, and they are known for obtaining their energy through photosynthesis. Protozoa are typically unicellular eukaryotic organisms that are motile and nonphotosynthetic. Molds and yeasts represent the microscopic fungi; yeasts are unicellular and reproduce asexually, while molds are characterized by their filamentous structure and asexual reproduction through spores.
Helminths are multicellular parasitic worms, and they are included in microbiology studies due to their often microscopic eggs and larvae. By contrast, bacteria are unicellular prokaryotic organisms that reproduce by binary fission and are distinctly different from the eukaryotic organisms mentioned above. Additionally, Archaea, while not typically associated with human pathogens, are also studied within the realm of microbiology.
Claytonia virginica is a woodland spring herb with flowers that vary from white to pale pink to bright pink. Slugs prefer to eat pink-flowering over white-flowering plants (due to chemical differences between the two), and plants experiencing severe herbivory were more likely to die. The bees that pollinate this plant prefer also prefer pink to white flowers, so that Claytonia with pink flowers have greater relative fruit set (reproductive success) than Claytonia with white flowers. A researcher observes that the percentage of different flower colors remains stable in the study population from year to year. If the researcher removes all slugs from the study population, what would you expect to happen to the distribution of flower colors in the population over time?
A) The distribution of flower colors should not change.
B) The percentage of white flowers should increase over time.
C) The percentage of pink flowers should increase over time.
D) The distribution of flower colors should randomly fluctuate over time.
Answer:
C) The percentage of pink flowers should increase over time.
Explanation:
According to the given information, the plants with pink flowers are able to reproduce more but are also have higher rates of herbivores as the slugs preferably eat the pink-flowered plants.
If slugs are removed from the system, the plants with pink flowers would have an absolute reproductive advantage over the plants with white flowers. This would increase the frequency of plants with pink flowers as they exhibit reproductive success over the plants with white flowers.
Mr. Stein builds a model of a molecule out of wooden beads and pegs. He uses the model to explain the shape of the molecule. Mr. Stein uses a model because
Explanation:
A model illustrates the shape of the molecule and the orientation, in space, of the atoms that make up the molecule. This visualization enables the students to understand how the position of the atoms (beads) in the molecule and the different types of bonds (pegs) that join them. The interaction of the atoms (beads) and the bonds (pegs) between them affect the geometric structure of the molecule. This subsequently increases understanding of the molecule’s stereochemical outcomes of reactions.
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Answer:the answer is B:the real molecule is too small to easily observe
Explanation: