Answer:
2 loss of electrons.
Explanation:
An atom of any element either metal or nonmetal form ions by losing or gaining electron. This is because protons are embedded in the nucleus with neutrons and electrons are found in different orbits surround the nucleus.
Metals have 1 or 2 or 3 electrons in their outermost shell which is called valence shell and electrons in these shell is called valence electron.So they lose electrons to form ions.Metals lose electrons and positively charged ions called cations.
Whereas nonmetals have 5 or 6 or 7 electrons in their outermost shell so they gain electrons to form ions.
For example Aluminium is a metal having electronic configuration (2,8,3). That means aluminium have 3 electrons in its valance shell so it loses its electrons to become a positively charged ion.
Another one is Sodium a metal having electronic configuration (2,8,1). That means aluminium have 1 electrons in its valance shell so it loses its electrons to become a positively charged ion.
Metal atoms are most likely to form ions by losing electrons, which makes them cations. This process helps achieve a more stable electron configuration by having the same number of electrons as the previous noble gas.
Explanation:Metals atoms are likely to form ions by losing electrons, so the correct answer is 2: loss of electrons. When metals lose electrons, they become cations, which are positively charged ions. This allows them to achieve a more stable electron configuration by having the same number of electrons as the previous noble gas. For example, a calcium atom loses two electrons and becomes a calcium ion with a 2+ charge.
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I still need help!!! I even asked my science teacher and she B. But idk...I’m torn between A and B!!! APEX
“Water” is the best thermal insulator.
Option: B
Explanation:
“Thermal insulators” are the materials which do not allow heat to transfer. “Water” is the substance which does not transfer heat. Hence, the “water” is the best “thermal insulator”. Water is the bad conductor of thermal heat. Water has “low thermal conductivity” than other substances, so this acts as an insulator as long as it is not traveled from one place to another. Heat is transferred when a “hot object collides” with “the cold objects”. The “thermal conductivity” of “water” is 0.6 W/m K.
The lengthening of a transmitted signal's wavelength and/or a decrease in its frequency, which indicates that the object is moving away from the observer, is called the
A) spectrum.
B) red shift.
C) blue shift.
D) distortion.
B
Relative to the observer, the objected, emitting visible light will appear red in color because the wavelength of light is stretched hence acquiring longer wavelength in the visible electromagnetic spectrum (remember red light has the longest wavelength in the visible light spectrum).
Explanation:
Conversely, if the object was moving towards the observer, it would appear blue in color (blue shift) because the relative wavelength of the visible light would be ‘compressed’ (remember this is always relative to the observer) hence the wavelength would be shorter (and blue light has the shortest wavelength in the visible light spectrum).
Both these phenomenons are classified under Doppler shift effect of waves. It also occurs in our daily lives. When a wailing ambulance approaches you, the pitch of the wailing sounds is higher (relative to you). However, when the ambulance passes you and begins stretching away from you, the pitch of the wailing goes low.
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. It is called the blue shift, because the more compacted waves are shifted toward the blue end of the spectrum.
ITS B
My name Means "colored bodies" and I contain DNA.I pass on traits to ti a new cell,but only in a systematic way
Here’s a hint for you…the Latin root for color is "chroma"
The Latin root for body is "soma"...
That should help you figure out the answer for yourself!
P.S. The answer is Chromosomes.
Hope this helps
In H2SO4, the oxidation number of H is , that of S is , and that of O is .
In CaSO4, the oxidation number of Ca is , that of S is . , and that of O is .
In HF, the oxidation number of H is , and that of F is .
In H2SO4, H is +1, S is +6, and O is -2; in CaSO4, Ca is +2, S is +6, O is -2; in HF, H is +1 and F is -1. These oxidation numbers follow standard rules based on the elements' positions in the periodic table and their common states in compounds.
Explanation:To determine the oxidation numbers in the compounds H2SO4, CaSO4, and HF, we use the standard rules for assigning oxidation numbers.
In H2SO4, the oxidation number of H is +1, that of S is +6, and that of O is -2.In CaSO4, the oxidation number of Ca is +2, that of S is +6, and that of O is -2.In HF, the oxidation number of H is +1, and that of F is -1.These values follow from the rules that the oxidation number of hydrogen is usually +1, that of oxygen is usually -2, and the sum of oxidation numbers in a neutral compound must equal 0. Fluorine always has an oxidation number of -1 in its compounds.
What is the frequency in Hz of blue light having a wavelength of 440nm?
Answer:
Blue: 440 nm; 6.81 × 1014 Hz; 4.51 × 10−19 J.
Explanation:
I know
The frequency of blue light with a wavelength of 440nm is calculated using the speed of light and the wavelength, resulting in a frequency of approximately 6.818 imes 10¹⁴ Hz.
The frequency of blue light with a wavelength of 440nm can be calculated using the speed of light and the formula for frequency, which is frequency (f) = speed of light (c) / wavelength ( ambda). Given that the speed of light (c) is 3.00 imes 10^8 ms⁻¹, and the wavelength ( ambda) of blue light is 440nm (which is 440 imes 10⁻⁹m when converted to meters), we can calculate the frequency as follows:
f = c / ambda
f = (3.00 imes 10^8 ms⁻¹, / (440 imes 10⁻⁹ m)
After performing the calculation:
f = 6.818 imes10¹⁴Hz
Therefore, the frequency of blue light with a wavelength of 440nm is approximately 6.818 imes 10¹⁴ Hz.
Provide two written definitions of an oxidation-reduction reaction and for each definition tell which reactant is reduced and which is oxidized. Then tell which of the two definitions is the most comprehensive.
Answer:
Explanation:
Oxidation:
1) Oxidation involve the removal of electrons.
2) Oxidation occur when oxidation state of atom of an element is increased.
Reduction:
1) Reduction involve the gain of electron.
2) Reduction is occur when number of electrons increased in an atom and oxidation state decreased.
Consider the following reactions.
4KI + 2CuCl₂ → 2CuI + I₂ + 4KCl
the oxidation state of copper is changed from +2 to +1 so copper get reduced.
CO + H₂O → CO₂ + H₂
the oxidation state of carbon is +2 on reactant side and on product side it becomes +4 so carbon get oxidized.
Na₂CO₃ + H₃PO₄ → Na₂HPO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
The oxidation state of carbon on reactant side is +4. while on product side is also +4 so it neither oxidized nor reduced.
H₂S + 2NaOH → Na₂S + 2H₂O
The oxidation sate of sulfur is -2 on reactant side and in product side it is also -2 so it neither oxidized nor reduced.
The most comprehensive definition is 2nd definition which involves the increase or decrease in oxidation state.
An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction is a chemical reaction in which one or more elements undergo a change in oxidation number. One reactant is reduced and another reactant is oxidized.
Explanation:An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction is a chemical reaction in which one or more elements undergo a change in oxidation number. In these reactions, one reactant is reduced and another reactant is oxidized. For example, in the reaction 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s), magnesium (Mg) is oxidized from an oxidation state of 0 to +2 and oxygen (O2) is reduced from an oxidation state of 0 to -2.
The most comprehensive definition of a redox reaction is the one that states that redox reactions are those in which one or more elements involved undergo a change in oxidation number. This definition encompasses all redox reactions, including those that involve changes in oxidation number for two or more elements.
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3. Write the nuclear symbol and hyphen notation
for each of the following isotopes:
a. mass number of 28 and atomic number of 14
b. 26 protons and 30 neutrons
Answer:
A. Si-28
B.Fe-56
Explanation:
Answer:
a. ²⁸₁₄Si, Silicon-28
b. ⁵⁶₂₆Fe, Iron-56
Explanation:
a. For the nuclear symbol, the mass number of the isotope is on top while the atomic number is at the bottom. For example, ²⁸₁₄Si. The hypen notation for the isotope is Silicon-28 based on the atomic number and mass number.
b. The mass number of the isotope is equal to the sum of protons and neutrons = 26+30 = 56. The atomic number is the number of protons = 26. Thus, the nuclear symbol is ⁵⁶₂₆Fe and the hypen notation is Iron-56.
What is the molarity of the solution resulting from the dissolution of 239 g glucose (C6H12O6) in 250
mL water?
Answer:
Molarity =5.32 M
Explanation:
Given data:
Mass of glucose = 239 g
Volume = 250 mL (250 /1000 = 0.25 L)
Molarity = ?
Solution;
Formula:
Molarity = number of moles / volume in litter
Number of moles:
Number of moles = mass/ molar mass
Number of moles = 239 g / 180.2 g/mol
Number of moles = 1.33 mol
Molarity:
Molarity = number of moles / volume in litter
Molarity = 1.33 mol / 0.25 L
Molarity =5.32 M
Consider the following reversible reaction.
What is the equilibrium constant expression for the given system?
1st pic is Equation, 2nd is A, 3rd is B, 4th is C, and 5th is D.
Answer:A
Explanation:
Formula of equilibrium constant is product divide by reactant
If 15 grams of Carbon dioxide is produced in a chemical reaction, how many grams of Carbon must be consumed in the reaction if we know there were 11 grams of Oxygen on the reactants side of the equation?
Answer:
4.13 g
Explanation:
Data Given:
Amount of CO₂ Produced = 15 g
Amount of Oxygen = 11 g
Amount of Carbon used = ?
Solution:
Suppose Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is formed by the reaction of carbon and oxygen then the reaction will be as below
C + O₂ -------------> CO₂
1 mol 1 mol 1 mol
we come to know from the above reaction that
1 mole of carbon react with 1 mole of oxygen to produce 1 mol of carbon dioxide.
molar mass of C = 12 g/mol
molar mass of O₂ = 32 g/mol
molar mass of CO₂ = 12 + 2(16) = 44 g/mol
if we represent mole in grams then
C + O₂ -------------> CO 1 mol (12 g/mol) 1 mol (32 g/mol) 1 mol (44 g/mol)
C + O₂ -------------> CO₂
12 g 32 g 44 g
So,
we come to know that 32 g of Oxygen combine with 12 g of oxygen produce 44 g CO₂
So now how much of Carbon will be combine with 11 g of oxygen
apply unity formula
32 g of O₂ ≅ 12 g of C
11 g of O₂ ≅ g of C
by doing cross multiplication
g of C = 12 g x 11 g / 32 g
g of C = 132 g / 32 g
g of C = 4.13 g
So,
4.13 g of carbon will consume to produce 15 g of Carbon dioxide.
to check this answer
we use the above information
12 g of C ≅ 44 g of CO₂
4.13 g of C ≅ g of CO₂
by doing cross multiplication
g of CO₂ = 44 g x 4.13 g / 12 g
g of CO₂ = 15g
So it is confirmed that
4.13 g of carbon will consume to produce 15 g of Carbon dioxide.
what is larger,an atom or an element?Explain
An atom is smaller than an element since an element is composed of many atoms. Atoms make up the smallest unit of an element that maintains the element's properties. The size of atoms varies and can be compared using the periodic table, with atoms generally increasing in size down a group and decreasing across a period.
Explanation:When comparing the size of an atom to that of an element, it is essential to understand that these terms describe different concepts in chemistry. An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element, meaning it is a single particle. Conversely, an element is a pure substance made up of one type of atom. Therefore, while atoms are the tiny building blocks that make up elements, the term 'element' refers to the collective group of these atoms when considered as a whole. For example, a gold nugget is composed of multiple gold atoms but is still referred to as the element gold. Given this distinction, atoms are the smaller of the two when comparing size.
Size-wise, individual atoms can vary depending on the type of element. For instance, a helium atom is smaller than a lead atom. If we refer to the periodic table, we can compare the relative sizes of atoms based on their position. Typically, atoms increase in size as you move down a group (column) and decrease as you move across a period (row) from left to right. Hence, elements found further down and to the left of the periodic table generally have larger atoms than those towards the top right. However, it's often necessary to consider atomic radii and various other factors to make precise comparisons between atom sizes.
A polar covalent bond is likely to form between two atoms that
a. are similar in electronegativity
b. are of similar size
c. differ in electronegativity
Answer:
are similar in electronegativity
Explanation:
Polar covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of electrons between two identical atoms or having small difference of electronegativity.
A polar covalent bond is likely to form between two atoms that differ in electronegativity. The shared pair of electrons are attracted towards the more electronegative atom ad make a partial charge separation.
What is polar covalent bond?A covalent bond is formed between two non-metals through sharing of valence electrons between atoms. For example carbon and oxygen are non metals forming the covalent compound CO.
Electronegativity of an atom is its ability to attract the share pair of electrons towards its nucleus. Elements like oxygen, fluorine, nitrogen etc. are highly electronegative.
In a covalent compound, if the difference in electronegativity between two atoms is significant, the shared pair of electrons attracts towards the highly electronegative atom and resulting charge separation make them polar compounds.
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In covalent bonds, atoms share electrons to fill up energy levels.
True or False
TRUE
Explanation:
Covalent bonding occurs when pairs of electrons are shared by atoms. Atoms will covalently bond with other atoms in order to gain more stability. By sharing their outer most electrons, atoms can fill up their outer electron shell and gain stability. So, it is true.
Eye color is one example of a trait caused by a
Answer:
Eye colour is one example of a trait caused by the concentration of melanin in genes.
Explanation:
Eye colour is decided based on two distinct factors- pigmentation of the eye’s iris and scattering of the light by the 'stroma of the iris'. It is a 'polygenic phenotypic' character in a human being.
The pigmentation of the iris varies between brown and black, that all depends on melanin concentration in the iris stroma, iris pigment epithelium and the cellular density of trauma. Further, the eye colour genetics are complicated and multiple genes are responsible for same.
Final answer:
Eye color is an inherited trait determined by multiple genes and alleles, where certain alleles are dominant over others. A green-eyed child with brown-eyed parents suggests both parents are heterozygous for the green eye color allele. The pattern of inheritance is also influenced by epistasis and linkage.
Explanation:
Eye color is an example of a trait that is determined by multiple genes. In humans, eye color can be influenced by multiple alleles, where certain alleles are dominant over others. For example, the allele for brown eyes is dominant over the allele for blue eyes, meaning that a person with one copy of each allele will have a brown iris.
Moreover, the inheritance pattern of eye color is more complex due to the presence of epistasis, where the expression of one gene is influenced by one or more other genes. In the instance provided, a child with green eyes born to parents with brown eyes indicates that both parents carry the allele for green eyes, making them heterozygous. Therefore, choice b. Both parents are heterozygous, having the green trait on the green-blue eye gene, explains how this is genetically possible.
Sensory neurons do what job?
Answer: Sensory neurons are nerve cells within the nervous system responsible for converting external stimuli from the organism's environment into internal electrical impulses. For example, some sensory neurons respond to tactile stimuli and can activate motor neurons in order to achieve muscle contraction.
Explanation:
Answer:
Sensory neurons are what is known as the nerve cells. They are found within the nervous system. They respond to tactile stimuli and can activate motor neurons in order to achieve muscle contraction.
Earthquakes occur at faults where tectonic plates meet.
What is this statement an example of?
A. A conclusion scientists developed by observing patterns
B. An opinion policy makers use to influence which states get money
for disaster relief
C. A statement developed by policy makers to encourage people to
live far away from faults
D. An opinion scientists have of how the natural world works
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Earthquakes are said to occur at faults where tectonic plates run into each other because they have been observed to occur at those tectonic plate boundaries.
Part of the evidence for the theory of plate tectonics is the predictable occurrence of earthquakes and volcanoes along plate boundaries. The Pacific Ring of Fire is an example of a seismically active zone that has been observed and labelled based on the noted activity.
PPPLLLZZZZ HAAAALLLLPPP
Answer:
C. carbon dioxide and water
Explanation:
Water is a small molecule that easily diffuses through a cell membrane (osmosis) despite the lipid tails. Oxygen is a small molecule and it’s nonpolar, so it easily passes through a cell membrane. Carbon dioxide, the byproduct of cell respiration, is small enough to readily diffuse out of a cell.
In scientific notation the radius of the sun is ......times 10..... kilometers
Answer:
The radius of the sun is 7x10^5 kilometers, and that of the Earth is about 6.4x10^3 kilometers. Use scientific notation to show that the Sun's radius is about 100 times the Earth's radius. The Sun's radius is 10^10 the Earth's radius.
In scientific notation, the radius of the sun is 109 times the radius of the Earth.
What is the radius of the sun?The sun is almost a perfectly shaped sphere. The equatorial diameter and the polar diameter of the sun differ only by only 6.2 miles or 10 km. The sun's mean radius is 432,450 miles or 696,000 kilometers.
According to this, the diameter would be about 864,938 miles or 1.392 million km. Around 109 Earths could be lined across the face of the sun. The circumference of the sun is about 2,715,396 miles or 4,370,006 km.
Sun is the biggest thing in our neighborhood or in our solar system. But, compared to other stars that have been observed, the sun is called an average star. Betelgeuse, which is a red giant, is about 700 times bigger than the sun and 14,000 times brighter. The classification of the sun is as a G-type main-sequence star or a G dwarf star,
Therefore, in scientific notation, the radius of the sun is 109 times the radius of the Earth.
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Determine the volume (in ml) of a 3.57 M solution of Zi Bry that contains 0.884 moles of ZnBr2
Answer:
The volume (in ml) of a 3.57 M solution of [tex]ZnBr_2[/tex] that contains 0.884 moles of [tex]ZnBr_2[/tex] is 247.61g mL
Explanation:
According to the definition of Molarity
which sates
"The amount of moles of a substance present in one litre of the solution is called as Molarity."
3.57M [tex]ZnBr_2[/tex] solution implies that 1000 mL of the solution conatins 3.57Moles of [tex]ZnBr_2[/tex]
Hence , 3.57 moles of [tex]ZnBr_2[/tex] is present in the 1000 ml of solution
Now,
In 1 mole of [tex]ZnBr_2[/tex] is present in the =[tex]\frac{1000}{3.57}[/tex]ml of solution
Similarily ,
In 0.884 moles of[tex]ZnBr_2[/tex] is present in the [tex]\frac{1000\times 0.884}{3.57}[/tex] of solution= 247.61g mL
a 280.0 mL sample of neon exerts a pressure of 660.0 toff at 26.0 celsius. at what temperture would it exert a pressure of 940.0 torr in a volume of 0.44 L
Answer:
T₂ = 669.2 K
Explanation:
Given data:
Initial pressure = 660 torr
Initial temperature = 26 °C (26 +273 = 299 K)
Final volume = 280 mL ( 280/1000 = 0.28 L)
Final pressure = 940.0 torr
Final volume = 0.44 L
Final temperature = ?
Formula:
P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂
P₁ = Initial pressure
V₁ = Initial volume
T₁ = Initial temperature
P₂ = Final pressure
V₂ = Final volume
T₂ = Final temperature
Solution:
P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂
T₂ = P₂V₂ T₁ /P₁V₁
T₂ = 940 torr × 0.44 L × 299 K / 660 torr × 0.28 L
T₂ = 123666. 4 torr. L. K / 184.8 torr. L
T₂ = 669.2 K
Which statements describe abiotic factors in an environment? Check all that apply.
Chickens run around a farm.
Soil retains water and nutrients.
Several rocks rest in a stream.
Plants compete for sunlight in an ecosystem.
Clouds create shade that changes temperatures.
Soil retains water and nutrients.
Several rocks rest in a stream.
Clouds create shade that changes temperatures
Abiotic factors are non-living components in the environment, or rather components in the environment that are not derived from life.
Explanation:
Abiotic factors interact with biotic factors to create ecoystems. An example of biotic factors interacting with abiotic factors include plants utilizing sunlight for photosynthesis and a wild beast drinking water form a watering hole in the middle of the savanna.
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Final answer:
Abiotic factors are nonliving elements in an environment such as soil, rocks, and clouds, and are essential in shaping ecosystems.
Explanation:
The abiotic factors in an environment include the nonliving components that shape the ecosystem. The statements that describe abiotic factors are:
Soil retains water and nutrients.Several rocks rest in a stream.Clouds create shade that changes temperatures.These elements such as soil, rocks, and clouds are crucial in determining the overall health of the ecosystem and which organisms can survive there. On the other hand, chickens running around a farm and plants competing for sunlight are examples of biotic factors, as they involve living organisms interacting within their environment.
Rain forest decomposers break down plant matter before it has a chance to build up. What do you think the difference is in temperate forests that allow layers of leaf litter to accumulate?
Your answer should include at least two complete sentences.
Answer:
The soil is more developed and more fertile.
Explanation:
The lack of immediate decomposers in temperate forests allows the vertical profile of the soil to develop more thanks to the accumulation of plant matter. As a result, the soils of temperate forests are eroded less easily by the element and they also tend to be more fertile than rain forest soils due to the slow decomposition of organic matter.
If nitrogen, with an oxidation state of -3, undergoes a synthesis reaction with H2, which has an oxidation state +1, what balanced equation shows the product formed?
2NH → N2 + H2
N2 + H2 → N2H2
2NH3 → N2 + 3H2
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
Answer:
N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃
Explanation:
Nitrogen react with hydrogen and form ammonia. The one mole of nitrogen gas react with two moles of hydrogen and form two moles of ammonia.
The oxidation state of nitrogen is -3 while that of hydrogen is +1. That's why two balance the charge one with one nitrogen atom three hydrogen atom react and with two nitrogen atom with a charge of -6 six hydrogen atoms are attached (+6).
Chemical equation:
N₂ + H₂ → 2NH₃
Balanced chemical equation;
N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃
The balanced equation for the synthesis reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen to produce ammonia is N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3.
Explanation:The balanced equation that shows the product formed when nitrogen with an oxidation state of -3 undergoes a synthesis reaction with H2, which has an oxidation state of +1, is:
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
In this reaction, one molecule of N2 reacts with three molecules of H2 to produce two molecules of NH3. The coefficients in the balanced equation represent the mole ratio required for the reaction to occur.
Rank the following elements by increasing electronegativity sulfur, oxygen, neon, aluminum
Answer:
Increasing order of Electronegativity:
Neon < Aluminum < Sulfur <Oxygen
0 < 1.61 < 2.58 < 3.44
Explanation:
Electronegativity:
Electronegativity is the power of an atom to attract shared pair of electron in a bond.
Trend in Periodic Table:
Electronegativity increases from left to right along the periodIt decreases from top to bottom in a group of the periodic table.But there are some irregularities in the periodic table as group have differently behave, the are the most stable elements in the periodic table.Group VIIIA have complete there duplet and octaet of electron in shells.Flourin is the most electronegative element in periodic tableCs is the less electronegative and most electropositive in the periodic tableAtomic radii also effect the electronegativity, the greater the size atom smaller the electronegativity and vise versa.Electronegativity of the following Compounds is
1. Electronegativity of sulfur:
Sulfur is in group 4 and its
EN of Sulfur = 2.58
2. Electronegative of oxygen:
Oxygen is in group VIA and much electronegative than Sulfur.
The EN oxygen = 3.44
3. Electronegative of Neon:
Neon is group VIIIA member and most stable element thats why have it have no data for electronegativity.
The EN of Neon = 0
4. Electronegative of Al:
It is group IIIA member and have less electronegativity
The EN of Aluminum= 1.61
So the Increasing order of electronegativity is
Neon < Aluminum < Sulfur <Oxygen
The order of increasing electronegativity for aluminum, sulfur, oxygen, and neon is: aluminum < sulfur < oxygen < neon. This order is determined by the increasing concentration of positive charge in the nucleus and the arrangement of electron configurations.
Explanation:The elements in question, sulfur, oxygen, neon, and aluminum, can be ranked in order of increasing electronegativity by looking at their positions on the periodic table. Electronegativity increases from left to right across a period, and from bottom to top in a group. Thus, the order of increasing electronegativity would be as follows: aluminum < sulfur < oxygen < neon. This is due to the electron configurations of these elements as well as the increasing concentration of positive charge in the nucleus as one moves from left to right in a period and downward across a group.
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Determine the percent yield for the reaction between 6.92 g K and 4.28g of oxygen gas if 7.36 g of potassium oxide is produced.
Answer:
percentage yield = 88.25%
Explanation:
Firstly, write the chemical reaction and balance the equation.
Potassium react with oxygen to produce potassium oxide.
K + 02 → K2O
Balance the equation
4K + 02 → 2K2O
The limiting reactant is K so the yield of potassium oxide can be calculated using grams for potassium.
atomic mass of K = 39.1g/mol
grams for 4 mole of potassium = 4(39.1) = 156.4 g
grams for 2 moles of K2O = 2( 39.1 × 2 + 16) = 188.4 g
If 156.4 g of K produces 188.4 g of K2O
6.92 g of K will produce ? gram of K2O
cross multiply
grams of K2O = 6.92 × 188.4/156.4
grams of K2O = 1303.72/156.4
grams of K2O = 8.33585677749
grams of K2O = 8.34 g
percentage yield = actual yield/theoretical yield × 100
actual yield = 7.36 g
theoretical yield = 8.34 g
percentage yield = 7.36/8.34 × 100
percentage yield = 736/8.34
percentage yield = 88.2494004796%
percentage yield = 88.25%
Taking into account definition of percent yield, the percent yield for the reaction is 88.25%.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
4 K + O₂ →2 K₂O
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
K: 4 molesO₂: 1 mole K₂O: 2 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
K: 39 g/moleO₂: 32 g/mole K₂O: 94 g/moleThen, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
K: 4 moles ×39 g/mole= 156 gramsO₂: 1 mole ×32 g/mole= 32 grams K₂O: 2 moles ×55 g/mole= 188 gramsLimiting reagentThe limiting reagent is one that is consumed first in its entirety, determining the amount of product in the reaction. When the limiting reagent is finished, the chemical reaction will stop.
Limiting reagent in this caseTo determine the limiting reagent, it is possible to use a simple rule of three as follows: if by stoichiometry 32 grams of O₂ reacts with 156 grams of K, 4.28 grams of O₂ reacts with how much mass of K?
[tex]mass of K=\frac{4.28 grams of O_{2} x 156 grams of K}{32grams of O_{2}}[/tex]
mass of K= 20.865 grams
But 20.865 grams of K are not available, 6.92 grams are available. Since you have less mass than you need to react with 4.28 grams of O₂, K will be the limiting reagent.
Mass of K₂O formedConsidering the limiting reagent, the following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 156 grams of K form 188 grams of K₂O, 6.92 grams of K form how much mass of K₂O?
[tex]mass of K_{2} O=\frac{6.92 grams of Kx188 grams of K_{2} O}{156 grams of K}[/tex]
mass of K₂O= 8.34 grams
Then, 8.34 grams of K₂O can be produced from 6.92 grams of K and 4.28 grams of O₂.
Percent yieldThe percent yield is the ratio of the actual return to the theoretical return expressed as a percentage.
The percent yield is calculated as the experimental yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100%:
[tex]percent yield=\frac{actual yield}{theoretical yield}x100[/tex]
where the theoretical yield is the amount of product acquired through the complete conversion of all reagents in the final product, that is, it is the maximum amount of product that could be formed from the given amounts of reagents.
Percent yield for the reaction in this caseIn this case, you know:
actual yield= 7.36 gramstheorical yield= 8.34 gramsReplacing in the definition of percent yields:
[tex]percent yield=\frac{7.36 grams}{8.34 grams}x100[/tex]
Solving:
percent yield= 88.25%
Finally, the percent yield for the reaction is 88.25%.
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calculate the volume of the chlorine that would be required to react completely with 3.70g of dry slaked lime according to the equation Ca(OH)2+Cl=CaOCl2+H2O
H =1,O=16,CA=40,1 mole of gas occupies 22.4dm3 at s.t.p
To react completely with 3.70g of dry slaked lime, 1.12 liters of chlorine gas would be required at STP, based on mole calculations and the ideal gas law.
To calculate the volume of chlorine gas that would react completely with 3.70g of dry slaked lime (Ca(OH)₂), we need to follow a series of steps:
First, we calculate the moles of Ca(OH)₂ using its molar mass (Ca = 40, O = 16, H = 1). The molar mass of Ca(OH)₂ is: (40) + (2 x 16) + (2 x 1) = 74 g/mol.
Next, we find the moles of Ca(OH)₂ in 3.70g by dividing the mass by the molar mass: moles of Ca(OH)₂ = 3.70 g / 74 g/mol = 0.05 moles.
According to the equation, 1 mole of Ca(OH)₂ reacts with 1 mole of Cl₂. Therefore, we need 0.05 moles of Cl₂.
We use the ideal gas law at standard temperature and pressure, where 1 mole of a gas occupies 22.4dm³. The volume of Cl₂ needed is 0.05 moles x 22.4 dm³/mole = 1.12 dm³, or 1.12 liters.
Therefore, 1.12 liters of chlorine gas would be required to react completely with 3.70g of dry slaked lime at standard temperature and pressure (STP).
Consider the reaction pathway graph below.
Which indicates the energy that must be absorbed to initiate the reaction?
C
A
E
D
The statement that indicates the energy that must be absorbed to initiate in the reaction pathway is "A".
What is reaction pathway?A reaction mechanism, also known as a reaction route, specifies the molecular processes that occur in a chemical reaction. It defines the series of reactions that must occur in order to create a desired result.
When the bonds in the reactant molecules are disrupted, more energy is absorbed than is released when new bonds are generated in the products.
The amount of free energy which must be necessarily added to get from the energy level of the reactant molecules to the energy level of the product is the activation energy for the forward reaction. In plenty of other respects, activation energy is the input amount of energy needed for a reaction to take place.
Many chemical processes, including essentially all biochemical processes, do not occur spontaneously and require an initial energy input (known as the activation energy) to begin. When studying both endergonic and exergonic reactions, activation energy must be taken into account.
Hence the correct answer is A.
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Green spaces are important in cities because they reduce the ambient amount of __________.
A) oxygen
B) hydrogen
C) nitrogen
D) carbon dioxide
Answer:
carbon dioxide
Explanation:
Green spaces are important in cities because they reduce the carbon dioxide concentrations that are produced most by vehicular activity. At the same time, these green spaces provide the city with an invaluable source of oxygen that otherwise would not be found in city limits due to pavimentation and lack of naturally forested areas or green spaces.
The volume of a gas is 250ml at 3.6 atm. What will the volume be when the pressure is reduced to 0.75 atm?
Answer:
V₂ = 1200 mL
Explanation:
Given data:
Volume of gas = 250 mL
Pressure of gas = 3.6 atm
Final pressure = 0.75 atm
Final volume = ?
Solution:
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
V₂ = P₁V₁ /P₂
V₂ = 3.6 atm . 250 mL /0.75 atm
V₂ = 900 atm. mL /0.75 atm
V₂ = 1200 mL
A neutral atom with the electron configuration 2-8-6 would most likely form a bond with an atom having the configuration
Answer:
The configuration of the atom would be 2-8-2.
Explanation:
Any atom of an element combines with other element to complete its octet and become stable.
The electron configuration of the given atom is 2-8-6. That means the atom has 6 electrons in its outermost shell. To become stable the atom should have 8 electrons in its outermost shell. The given atom has 6 electrons so it either lose 6 electrons or gain 2 electrons to complete its octet.
But we know the atom having 5,6,7 electrons in its outermost shell they do not lose, they gain either 3 or 2 or 1 electrons to complete its octet.
So we say that atom with the electron configuration 2-8-6 bond with the atom having electron configuration 2-8-2.
A neutral atom with the electron configuration 2-8-6 would most likely form a bond with an atom having the configuration 2-5, such as a neutral nitrogen atom.
Explanation:A neutral atom with the electron configuration 2-8-6 refers to an atom with 16 electrons. To determine the atom it would most likely form a bond with, we consider the octet rule which states that atoms are more stable when they have 8 electrons in their valence shell. Based on this rule, the atom with a configuration that would most likely form a bond with the given atom is an atom with 5 electrons in its valence shell, such as a neutral nitrogen atom with the electron configuration 2-5.