Name three factors that influence the rate at which a solute dissolves in a solvent.

Answer:

Non-destructive physical changes

Explanation:

Hi, this is not a rule but most of the non-destructive physical changes are reversible.

In that group of changes you may find:

Think of a physical change and then try to figure out which process can reverse that.  

Answer:

The right option is; b. the water caused an increase in temperature of the air inside the ball and an increase in pressure.

The dent (hollow area formed by pressing or hitting) from the ping-pong ball disappeared because energy was transferred from the hot boiling water in which the ball was placed to the air inside the ball. This transferred energy will increase the temperature of the air inside the ball and the air molecules will begin to move faster with a greater force. Hence, causing an increase in pressure.

Explanation:

Sunspots appear dark because they are cooler than the surrounding areas of the sun's surface. The cooler temperature causes less light to be emitted, making the sunspots look dark.

Sunspots appear dark because they are cooler than the surrounding areas of the sun's surface, also known as the photosphere. While they are still very hot, sunspots have temperatures of about 3,000 to 4,500 Kelvin, which is cooler than the average temperature of the photosphere, which is about 5,500 Kelvin. This difference in temperature causes less light to be emitted, and therefore the sunspots appear dark compared to the rest of the sun's surface

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Answer is: boiling point will be changed by 4°C.

Chemical dissociation of aluminium nitrate in water: Al(NO₃)₃ → Al³⁺(aq) + 3NO⁻(aq).

Change in boiling point: ΔT =i · Kb · b.

Kb - molal boiling point elevation constant of water is 0.512°C/m, this the same for both solution.

b -  molality, moles of solute per kilogram of solvent., this is also same for both solution, because ther is same amount of substance.

i - Van't Hoff factor.

Van't Hoff factor for sugar solution is 1, because sugar do not dissociate on ions.

Van't Hoff factor for aluminium nitrate solution is approximately 4, because it dissociates on four ions (one aluminium cation and three nitrate anions). So ΔT is four times bigger.

The answer should be 4°C....

Answer :  The volume of ammonia gas at STP is, 67.2 liters

Explanation : Given,

Mass of ammonia = 51.0 g

Molar mass of ammonia = 17 g/mole

As we know that,

At STP, 1 mole of gas contains 22.4 L volume of gas.

First we have to calculate the moles of ammonia gas.

[tex]\text{Moles of }NH_3=\frac{\text{Mass of }NH_3}{\text{Molar mass of }NH_3}=\frac{51.0g}{17g/mole}=3mole[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the volume of ammonia gas at STP.

As, 1 mole of ammonia gas contains 22.4 L volume of ammonia gas

So, 3 moles of ammonia gas contains [tex]3\times 22.4L=67.2L[/tex] volume of ammonia gas

Therefore, the volume of ammonia gas at STP is, 67.2 liters

Answer:

D.  flowering plant

Explanation:

Option A is incorrect because moss is a thalloid plant with no true plant body.

Option B is incorrect because the plant could not have produced fruits without flowering.

Option C is incorrect because ferns do not produce fruits.

The correct option is D. Flowering plants produce fruits and posses true leaves, stems and roots. The ovule of the flower becomes the seed after fertilization and the ovary becomes the fruit.

Water molecules are held together by an electromagnetic force known as hydrogen bonds. These bonds are a strong type of dipole-dipole interaction due to the partial positive charge of hydrogen atoms and partial negative charge of oxygen atoms. Option D is correct.

The electromagnetic force is responsible for keeping water molecules attracted to one another. More specifically, this attraction is due to hydrogen bonds, which are a strong type of intermolecular force. These bonds form because of the dipole interaction where the slightly positively charged hydrogen atoms of one water molecule are attracted to the slightly negatively charged oxygen atoms of another. Although individual hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent and ionic bonds within molecules, they occur in large numbers in water, resulting in a significant force that holds the water molecules together.

Hydrogen bonds are particularly strong compared to other dipole-dipole interactions because of water's highly polar nature. This polarity is due to the oxygen atom in water being highly electronegative and possessing two lone pairs of electrons, resulting in a partial negative charge while the hydrogen atoms have a partial positive charge.

Hence, D. is the correct option.

The complete question is:

Water molecules are made of slightly positively charged hydrogen atoms and slightly negatively charged oxygen atoms. Which force keeps water molecules stuck to one another?

A.) Strong Nuclear

B.) Gravitational

C.) Weak Nuclear

D.) Electromagnetic

Answer:

A group of atoms bonded to carbon that determines how the molecule will react

Explanation:

Functional groups are atom or groups of atom attached to the organic compound in a specific manner.

Some of the examples of functional groups are:

-COOH, -Cl, -OH, -NO2, -COCl, -C=O, etc.

Functional groups determines the characteristics chemical properties of a organic compound.

The different organic compounds having same functional group undergoes same or similar type of reaction.

The strength of an Arrhenius acid determines percentage of ionization of acid and the number of H⁺ ions formed. 
Strong acids completely ionize in water and give large amount ofhydrogen ions (H⁺), so we use only one arrow, because reaction goes in one direction and there no molecules of acid in solution.

For example hydrochloric acid: HCl(aq) → H⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq).

Weak acid partially ionize in water and give only a few hydrogen ions (H⁺), in the solution there molecules of acid and ions.

For example cyanide acid: HCN(aq) ⇄ H⁺(aq) + CN⁻(aq).

A double arrow is used in the dissociation equation for a weak acid to denote that the reaction is an equilibrium, indicating a reversible process where the weak acid partially dissociates and exists in dynamic balance with its ions.

We use a double arrow in the dissociation equation for a weak acid to indicate that the reaction does not go to completion and remains at equilibrium. A weak acid partially donates its protons to the solution, leading to a dynamic equilibrium where the dissociation and re-association of the acid and its ions occur simultaneously. The double arrow (↔) represents the forward (acid losing a proton) and reverse (ion gaining a proton) reactions that happen at the same rate when the system is at equilibrium.

For example, the dissociation of acetic acid (CH₃COOH) in water is typically represented as:

CH₃COOH(aq) + H₂O(l) ↔ H₃O+ (aq) + CH₃COO­(aq)

The corresponding equilibrium constant (Ka) for this reaction reflects the acid's tendency to dissociate and is calculated by the formula Ka = [H₃O+][CH₃COO­] / [CH₃COOH]. A higher Ka value indicates a stronger acid, meaning it dissociates more. However, in weak acids, since they are not fully dissociated, their Ka values are relatively small.

Answer: Option B.

Explanation:

Low diet carbohydrates are the diets that limits the consumption of carbohydrates.

In low diet carbohydrates, food rich in carbohydrates are replaced by fat or proteins and suggested for the effective plan for weight loss.

Carbohydrates act as primary source of energy, in the absence of less amount of carbohydrates, body breaks down protein and fat into ketone for primary energy source that allows the body to undergo state called ketosis.

Thus, The correct answer is option B.

Final answer:

The atomic radius of a copper atom in a face-centered cubic lattice with an edge length of 351 pm is approximately 123.675 pm.

Explanation:

Calculating the Atomic Radius in a Face-Centered Cubic Lattice

For copper, which crystallizes in a face-centered cubic (FCC) lattice structure, we can calculate the atomic radius if we know the edge length of its unit cell. Given that the edge of the FCC unit cell is 351 pm, we can use the fact that the diagonal across the faces of the cube (√2 times the edge length) is equal to four times the atomic radius in an FCC lattice. This is because in an FCC structure, atoms touch along the face diagonal.

To calculate the atomic radius, we use the formula:

4r = √2 × edge length

Therefore: r = (√2 × 351 pm) / 4

r ≈ (1.414 × 351 pm) / 4

r ≈ 494.7 pm / 4

r ≈ 123.675 pm

The approximate radius of a copper atom in an FCC lattice is 123.675 pm.

Answer:What is the hydronium ion concentration in a solution of HCl that has a pH of 4.65? Round to the nearest hundredth.
 
2.24 × 10n Mn =  -5

What is the hydroxide ion concentration in a solution of NH3 with a pOH of 4.65?  Round to the nearest hundredth.

2.24 × 10n Mn =  -5

Explanation:

In the Bronsted-Lowry model of acids and bases, an acid is a hydrogen donor and a base is a hydrogen acceptor.

Bronsted-Lowry acid is any substance that donates a proton or hydrogen ion while a Brønsted-Lowry base is that which accepts an hydrogen ion.

Based on this definition, it can be said that a Brønsted-Lowry acid must possess hydrogen ion(s) to donate.

Examples of Brønsted-Lowry acid are as follows:

Therefore, in the Bronsted-Lowry model of acids and bases, an acid is a hydrogen donor and a base is a hydrogen acceptor.

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To find the mass of argon gas at 4.3 liters, 70 kPa, and 20 °C, use the ideal gas law, convert units to atm and Kelvin, solve for moles, and then multiply by the molar mass of argon to obtain the mass, which is approximately 4.07 grams.

The question asks for the mass of argon gas that occupies a volume of 4.3 liters at a pressure of 70 kPa and a temperature of 20 °C. To answer this, we can use the ideal gas law equation, PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

First, we convert the given temperature to Kelvin:

Next, we need to convert the pressure from kPa to atm, since the ideal gas constant (R) is typically given in L·atm/(mol·K):

We can then rearrange the ideal gas law to solve for the number of moles (n):

Using the values and R = 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K), we calculate n:

Finally, using the molar mass of argon, which is about 39.948 g/mol, we find the mass:

Therefore, the mass of argon that occupies a volume of 4.3 liters at 70 kPa and 20 °C is approximately 4.07 grams.

Answer:

the naswer is gravity pulling on the ball

Explanation:

Virtually all chemical reactions are accompanied by the liberation or uptake of heat. If we regard heat as a "reactant" or "product" in an endothermic or exothermic reaction respectively, we can use the Le Châtelier principle to predict the direction in which an increase or decrease in temperature will shift the equilibrium state. Thus for the oxidation of nitrogen, an endothermic process, we can write

[heat] + N2(g) + O2(g) → 2 NO(g)

Suppose this reaction is at equilibrium at some temperature T1 and we raise the temperature to T2. The Le Châtelier principle tells us that a net reaction will occur in the direction that will partially counteract this change. Since the reaction is endothermic, a shift of the equilibrium to the right will take place.

Answer:

C. the reactants will be favored.

Explanation:

Answer:  when pressure and the number of moles remain constant

Explanation:

Charles' Law: This law states that volume is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas at constant pressure and number of moles.

[tex]V\propto T[/tex]     (At constant pressure and number of moles)

[tex]{V_1\times T_1}={V_2\times T_2}[/tex]

where,

[tex]V_1[/tex] = initial volume of gas

[tex]V_2[/tex] = final volume of gas

[tex]T_1[/tex] = initial temperature of gas

[tex]T_2[/tex] = final temperature of gas

Therefore, the volume of gas is proportional to temperature when pressure and number of moles are constant.

The molecular mass of the gas is approximately 80.15 g/mol.

To calculate the molecular mass of the gas, we first need to determine the number of moles of the gas. We can use the ideal gas law equation: PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature.

At STP (standard temperature and pressure), the pressure is 1 atm and the temperature is 273 K.

The volume of the gas is given as 15.0 L. We can rearrange the equation to solve for n, the number of moles:

n = PV / RT.

Substituting the given values, we have:

n = (1 atm) * (15.0 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K * 273 K).

Calculating this gives us n

= 0.6926 mol.

To calculate the molecular mass, we can divide the mass of the gas sample (55.50 g) by the number of moles (0.6926 mol).

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Final answer:

By assigning oxidation numbers, it is determined that Sr and O in H₂O are oxidized, while S in SO₃ and Kr are reduced in the given reactions. This identifies the substances undergoing oxidation and reduction.

Explanation:

To identify what is being oxidized and what is being reduced in each redox reaction, we first assign oxidation numbers to each atom in the reaction. The element whose oxidation number increases is oxidized, acting as the reducing agent. Conversely, the element whose oxidation number decreases is reduced, acting as the oxidizing agent.

By tracking these changes in oxidation numbers, we can easily determine which substances are oxidized and which are reduced in these reactions. Remember, the oxidized substance loses electrons, and the reduced one gains electrons, according to the concept of redox reactions.