When plants close their stomata to conserve water on hot, dry days, the rate of photosynthesis is inhibited due to lower carbon dioxide intake, which is necessary for the Calvin cycle, and an increased internal oxygen concentration that can lead to photorespiration, reducing photosynthesis efficiency.
On a hot, dry day, plants close their stomata to conserve water, which can have a significant impact on photosynthesis. The closing of stomata reduces the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2), which is a crucial component for the photosynthetic process. This leads to a decrease in the rate of photosynthesis because the reduced CO2 levels directly affect the Calvin cycle where CO2 is fixed and converted to sugars. Additionally, the closing of stomata to conserve water also prevents the escape of oxygen (O2), which results in an increase in internal O2 concentration, potentially leading to photorespiration, a process that competes with photosynthesis and decreases its efficiency.
3) Farmer Brown grows corn for a living. One day, Farmer Green suggests to Farmer Brown that he should clone his best corn plant in order to produce more ears of corn per plant. Farmer Brown is not sure about Farmer Green's idea. Why might Farmer Brown be hesitant to clone his corn? A) Cloning the corn plants is difficult and expensive to accomplish. B) The cloned corn would not have the same taste as the original plants. C) Cloning eliminates the ability to sexually reproduce and provide genetic variability. D) Cloned plants would have increased genetic variability as well as a shortened life expectancy.
In what organelle does cellular respiration take place name two storage organelles
Which of these describes one way that the human nervous system maintains a constant body temperature when the external temperature is cold?
A) The nervous system increases perspiration.
B) The nervous system causes digestion to speed up.
C) The nervous system causes blood vessels to constrict.
D) The nervous system triggers the fight-or-flight response.
The best description one way that the human nervous system maintains a constant body temperature when the external temperature is cold. Thus, option C is correct.
What is nervous system?Nervous system has known as a well organised system in our body as it performs a very important function. The main component of the nervous system has spinal cord and brain. The nerves are arranged in the form of branches from the spinal cord and distributed in all the parts of body.
The location where brain and spinal cord are located is known as dorsal body cavity and these two parts of the body play a vital role in communication of all parts of the body.
Homeostasis is the tendency of body to maintain the internal environment of the body as when there is too much cold body starts shivering and due to this the body warm up and in same way when there is to much hot body starts sweating to maintain the temperature.
Therefore, The best description one way that the human nervous system maintains a constant body temperature when the external temperature is cold. Thus, option C is correct.
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If the pancreas is producing very high levels of bicarbonate, what hormone would you expect to be found at elevated levels in the blood?
The answer is aldosterone. This hormone determines the rate of re-absorption of H+ ion and bicarbonate ions by the kidneys. Due to high levels of bicarbonate being produced by the pancreas, the blood will be basic. The kidneys will therefore be signaled to excrete more bicarbonate ions.
What is the purpose of mitosis in an organism's life cycle?
A.to produce new, identical body cells
B.to make copies of DNA
C.to produce sex cells such as sperm and egg
D.to release energy for use by the cells
Answer: A.to produce new, identical body cells
Mitosis plays an important part in the organism’s life cycle. In unicellular or single-celled organisms, mitosis is a type of asexual reproduction, producing identical copies of a single cell. In multicellular organisms, mitosis produces more cells for its growth and repair. Therefore the statement that mitosis produces new, identical body cells is correct.
Why is the adaptive immune system considered a darwin machine?
The adaptive immune system is described as a Darwin machine because it undergoes a Darwinian evolutionary process—through variation, selection, and replication—to efficiently create specific antibodies for pathogens, analogous to the broader concept of Universal Darwinism.
Why is the Adaptive Immune System Considered a Darwin Machine?
The adaptive immune system is likened to a Darwin machine because it exhibits an evolutionary process within an organism's lifetime. Like Darwinian natural selection, the adaptive immune system goes through a process of variation, selection, and replication. When pathogens invade the body, lymphocytes generate numerous antibody variations to match the antigens on pathogens.
Energy conservation is also a key factor—instead of having a vast library of responses to every potential pathogen, the adaptive immune system uses its capabilities to generate specific responses dynamically.
This is more efficient than encoding a response to every pathogen, a point reflected in the concept of Universal Darwinism, which extends Darwinian principles beyond mere biological evolution to systems within organisms, such as the immune response. The adaptive immune system's ability to continuously evolve and adapt to new threats, rather than reacting in a fixed or non-specific way, is what defines it as a product of Darwinian evolution. Therefore, vertebrates have evolved an adaptive immune system which is proficient in responding uniquely to new and evolving pathogens.
Which of the following is not true of the xylem?
A. Contains water
B. Comprised of living cells
C. Has thick cells walls
D. Contains dissolved minerals
Which is true of auxins?
A. Affect mitosis
B. Open the stomata
C. Concentration is gravity dependent
D. Control leaf budding
Binomial nomenclature refers to what two levels of classification?
The binomial nomenclature system was developed by Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century as a way to provide a standardized, internationally recognized system for naming organisms.
What is Binomial nomenclature?Carl Linnaeus created the binomial nomenclature system in the 18th century to provide a standardised, internationally recognised system for naming organisms.
The genus name is capitalised in this system, while the species name is in lower case and italicised (or underlined if handwritten).
Binomial nomenclature is a method of naming organisms that employs two levels of classification: genus and species.
The genus is a collection of closely related species with a common ancestor and similar characteristics.
The species is the smallest classification unit and refers to a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
Thus, this is Binomial nomenclature.
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What sequence of mrna is made from the gene ttacaggtcc? select one:
a. ggagtggacc
b. uuacaggucc
c. aauguccagg
d. aatgtccagg?
The sequence of mRNA is made from the gene ttacaggtcc is aauguccagg.
What are the functions of mRNA?Messenger RNA is a type of RNA that is necessary for protein production. Once cells finish making a protein, they quickly break down the mRNA.
mRNAs, like DNA, are nucleic acids that contain a specific sequence of nucleotides. These nucleotides are 'read' (translated) by ribosomes to assemble a polymer of amino acids, a protein.
mRNA is RNA that is read by ribosomes to build proteins. While all types of RNA are involved in building proteins, mRNA is the one that actually acts as the messenger.
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What 2 things enter the bloodstream directly from the stomach?
While certain drugs and alcohol can enter the bloodstream directly from the stomach, in terms of digestion, the stomach secretes the gastrin hormone which enters the bloodstream. Other substances, such as the secretin hormone and sodium bicarbonate anion, are released into the small intestine.
Explanation:Two things that enter the bloodstream directly from the stomach are certain drugs and alcohol. However, in terms of the digestive process, substances aren't usually transported directly from the stomach to the blood. Instead, they first undergo breakdown in the stomach and further digestion in the small intestine. For example, the secretin hormone and sodium bicarbonate anion are released into the small intestine; the sodium bicarbonate neutralizes the pH of the food from the stomach and the secretin hormone aids in digestion.
Nevertheless, the stomach does secrete the hormone gastrin, in response to the presence of food. Gastrin stimulates the secretion of gastric acid by the parietal cells of the stomach mucosa, aiding in digestion. Other GI hormones also enter the bloodstream, through which they can reach their target organs.
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Hello there!
What is the role of the Mitochondria? Thanks!
Why is there more than one single locus probe used in actual paternity DNA test?
Multiple single locus probes are used in actual paternity DNA tests to increase accuracy and reliability. Each probe targets a specific polymorphic segment in the DNA, allowing for the detection of different genetic variations.
Explanation:In actual paternity DNA tests, multiple single locus probes are used to increase the accuracy and reliability of the test. Each probe targets a specific polymorphic segment in the DNA, allowing for the detection of different genetic variations in the tested individuals.
By using more than one probe, the test can analyze multiple loci or regions of the DNA simultaneously. This increases the chance of obtaining conclusive results and reduces the possibility of false matches or inconclusive outcomes.
For example, if only a single locus probe were used, there is a chance that the tested individuals could share the same genetic variant at that specific locus, leading to misleading results. However, by analyzing multiple loci, the test can provide a more comprehensive and accurate assessment of paternity.
The upward movement of water in a plant involves all the following processes except?
A. Translocation
B. Cohesion
C. Tension
D. Transpiration
The by-products of hydrolysis include...
A. Protein and fats
B. Stamen and anthers
C. Carbon dioxide and water
D. Pollen and ovules
The answer is A. Translocation is the movement of food material such as carbohydrates up the plant to parts such as the leaves. This force is not associated with water movement since it is associated with the phloem tissues of the plant.
The answer is A. Hydrolysis process reduces substances such as carbohydrates to glucose or proteins to constituent amino acids. This requires that water is used up in breaking the bond. Hydrolysis can also happen in reverse where bigger molecules are formed from smaller molecules by expending water from the bond (condensation reaction).
There is much discussion in the media about protecting biodiversity. but does biodiversity really matter
How are hormones and prostaglandins similar? how are they different?
Final answer:
Hormones and prostaglandins both function as signaling molecules, with hormones acting systemically and prostaglandins acting locally. Prostaglandins are produced from arachidonic acid and have diverse roles and effects depending on their structure and the receptors they bind to in different tissues.
Explanation:
Hormones and prostaglandins are similar in that they both act as signaling molecules in the body; however, they have key differences in their production and modes of action. Hormones are typically produced by specialized glands and travel through the bloodstream to exert effects at distant sites, functioning as part of the endocrine system. In contrast, prostaglandins are derived from fatty acids, specifically arachidonic acid, and they act locally as autocrine or paracrine factors, meaning they affect the cells that produce them or neighboring cells, respectively.
Prostaglandins are produced in many places throughout the body and tend to work in the local environment of their secretion. They play roles in various physiological processes, such as inducing labor, regulating inflammation, affecting blood flow and clotting, and controlling gastric secretions. Their diverse effects are due to structural differences which lead to different biological activities, and their actions are determined by the receptors they bind to in different tissues.
If i have stress fracture of my radius bone what part of my body i have broken
Cathodic protection occurs when
a.iron is amalgamated with mercury.
b.iron is made amphoteric.
c.iron is painted to protect it from corrosion.
d.iron is tin-plated for use as a tin can.
e.iron is attached to a more active metal.
Cathodic protection occurs when iron is attached to a more active metal. Cathodic protection is an anti-corrosion control technique used to control the corrosion of a metal surface by making it the passive site of an electrochemical cell. During this technique, the metal to be protected is connected to a more easily corroded metal which later corrodes instead of the protected metal.
The frequency of carriers for a rare autosomal recessive genetic condition is 0.04 in a population. assuming this population is in hardy-weinberg equilibrium, what is the allele frequency of the recessive allele?
The two-point discrimination test is used to determine ________.
The two point discrimination test is used to determine sensitivity to touch. This test is performed to evaluate the ability of an individual to identify two close points on a small area of skin and how well the individual can discriminate the points. The test can be done by using calipers.
The two-point discrimination test is used to assess the sensitivity to fine touch and the density of sensory endings in the skin, particularly at the fingertips. The test involves touching the skin in two locations simultaneously and asking the patient to identify the number of stimuli. This can determine the presence of a dorsal column pathway deficit.
Explanation:The two-point discrimination test is used to determine the sensitivity to fine touch and highlight the density of sensory endings, essentially receptive fields in the skin. This is particularly relevant to the fingertips where this sensitivity is highest. The test is performed by simultaneously touching the skin in two locations using a specialized instrument like forceps or calipers to measure the precise distance between the points. The patient, with their eyes closed, is asked to identify whether one or two stimuli are present. Failure to recognize two points can be an indication of a dorsal column pathway deficit.
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What is the difference between food chains and food webs?
Answer: A food chain is a linear link in a food web, and a food web shows how different paths are connected.
Explanation:
A food chain is a linear link in a food web which starts from a producer organism and ends at predator species and decomposer species. A food chain follows only one path, so they begin with one plant and end with one animal, and shows how an organism gets nutrients and energy and how are those passed to another organism. A simple food chain could start with grass, which is eaten by rabbits, which is eaten by a snake, which is decomposed by earthworms.
A food web shows how different paths are connected. It indicates how a consumer animal may feed on several producing animals or plants. At the same time, several decomposers can act on the same organism. An example of a food web is that there ar many decomposers (microbes, earthworms, fungi) to decompose the same animal.
Thereby, a food web consists of many food chains.
Where are the choroid plexuses found, and what is their function?
The choroid plexuses are found in the four ventricles of the brain. They contain ependymal cells that filter blood to produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which circulates within the ventricular system before being reabsorbed into the blood. They also contribute to the formation of the blood-brain barrier.
Explanation:The choroid plexuses are specialized structures found within the four ventricles of the brain. These structures contain ependymal cells that line blood capillaries, playing a critical role in filtering blood to produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
CSF Circulation:
The choroid plexuses in all four ventricles produce CSF.From the lateral ventricles, the CSF flows into the third ventricle, which produces more CSF.The ventricular system then opens up to the subarachnoid space from the fourth ventricle, allowing CSF to flow through the ventricles and around the outside of the CNS.Lastly, the CSF is reabsorbed into the blood at the arachnoid granulations, where the arachnoid membrane emerges into the dural sinuses.Furthermore, the choroid plexuses also contribute to the formation of the blood-brain barrier.
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Why is it that the primary transcript in prokaryotes can immediately serve as mrna while in eukaryotes it undergoes elaborate multistep processing? (select all that apply.) primary transcripts in eukaryotes contain introns that have to be removed. general transcription factors in eukaryotes are unable to enter the nucleus. prokaryotes do not have a nuclear envelope and the ribosome can start translation even before transcription ends. all of these choices are correct. a 5′ cap is added to the prokaryotic primary transcript allowing the ribosome to start translation immediately?
The answers are;
Primary transcripts in eukaryotes contain introns that have to be removed
Prokaryotes do not have a nuclear envelope and the ribosome can start translation even before transcription ends
The DNA of eukaryotes is highly complex compared to that of prokaryotes. This is why transcription in prokaryotes takes a very short time compared to in eukaryotes.
What information would a population ecologist include when conducting a study?
A. Birth rate of species
B. Structure of organisms
C. Reproduction system of animals
D. Average number of prey animals consumed by a predator
Answer:
A. Birth rate of species
Explanation:
A population refers to the members of a species that are present together in a habitat. Birth rate is the average rate of production of offspring by a species. Birth rate of a species determine the size of the population. Hence, birthrate is one of the factor that is taken into consideration while studying a population.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
The original source of all genetic variation is _____. the original source of all genetic variation is _____. natural selection meiosis mutation recombination
The original sources of all genetic variation are mutation and sexual reproduction. Mutation introduces new alleles or variations in a population, resulting in different phenotypes. Sexual reproduction allows for unique combinations of these genetic variants, producing unique individuals.
Explanation:The original source of all genetic variation is predominantly mutation and sexual reproduction. Mutation, a change in the DNA, is considered as the ultimate source of new alleles or new genetic variation in any population. An individual having a mutated gene might portray a different trait than other individuals in the population. Mutations can have three noteworthy outcomes on an organism's phenotype: a reduced fitness implying lower chances of survival or fewer offspring, a beneficial effect that increases fitness, and neutral mutations that have no effect on the organism's fitness.
Sexual reproduction also introduces genetic diversity, as unique combinations of alleles assemble to generate unique genotypes and thus phenotypes in each of the offspring. Likewise, the process of meiosis, especially during cross-over, contribute to genetic variation.
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Describe some of the problems faced by benthic organisms in the ocean
The benthic organism is an organism that lives on, in or near the seafloor. This also helps the environment and marine life by providing structure, alter water currents, and stabilize shorelines, hard substrate settlement. Some recycle nutrients and improve water quality. An animal of a large group distinguished by the possession of a backbone or spinal column, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.
A main symptom in lewy body disease is loss of _____.
The answer is inhibition. This is due to dementia from total or partial loss of the mental capacity hence causing the patient to forget things easily/not form any memory. Inhibition may cause one to embarrass themselves and others in social occasions. This results to strained social relationships as a result. In Lewis disease, abnormal Lewis bodies form in regions of the brain. Other symptoms of the disease include loss of memory and confusion.
If you made a change in the promoter sequence in the dna that inactivates the promoter, what would happen at the rna level? the mutation of the dna would be carried through to the rna sequence. the dna helicase would not be able to recognize and bind the dna, so the rna would not be made. nothing, the rna would be made as usual. the rna polymerase would not be able to recognize and bind the dna, so no rna would be made.
If the promoter sequence in the DNA is inactivated, the RNA polymerase would not be able to recognize and bind the DNA, resulting in no RNA being made.
Explanation:If you made a change in the promoter sequence in the DNA that inactivates the promoter, the RNA polymerase would not be able to recognize and bind the DNA, so no RNA would be made.
This would result in a decrease or complete loss of transcription of the gene that the promoter sequence was responsible for activating. Without the RNA being made, the gene cannot be expressed and the corresponding protein will not be produced.
Therefore, the correct answer is: The RNA polymerase would not be able to recognize and bind the DNA, so no RNA would be made.
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Polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is an essential technique for the study of dna. pcr uses a dna polymerase enzyme from thermophilus aquaticus to amplify dna extracted from any sample. in order for the reaction to work, researchers must transfer microliters of sample to the reaction vessel for pcr. if a researcher has a dna sample with a concentration of 0.28 micrograms per microliter, how many microliters of dna must be transfered to conduct a 50 microliter reaction if the final concentration should be 2.2 nanograms per microliter?
to which property are luster and streak most closely related
Answer:
COLOR of a mineral/rock
Explanation:
Luster is defined as the property of a mineral that describes how light is reflected from the mineral's surface (including rocks as well as crystals). For example, pyrite shows metallic type of luster.
Streak is the color that is produced when a mineral is rubbed on a streak plate. These are finely powdered form. For example, hematite appears to be in different colors such as blackish, brownish or reddish, but all of them produces a reddish colored streak.
These two properties of minerals are directly related to the color of a mineral. Color is one of the primary property of identifying a mineral or rock.
A decreased ph coupled with a decreased plasma concentration of bicarbonate ion indicates that __________ is occurring and the __________ will compensate for this change.