Answer:
b) Nearest to the Sun
Explanation:
The four densest planet in our solar system are Earth, Venus, Mercury and Mars. Rest all planets are gas giants.
All the dense planets are near the Sun. The dense planets lie in vicinity of the Sun, whereas the less dense planets lie far from the Sun. hence the correct answer to the question is option b) Nearest to the Sun
1) Scientists do not agree on the causes and effects of global climate change. What is your opinion?
Answer:
My opinion as follows.
Explanation:
Scientists are of the opinion that global warming is a root cause of prolonged human interference with the natural environment and its due to the natural environment is contaminated by people and their technology the scientist all around the world are focusing on the positive and negative effects of climate change. This change that has brought by the artificial use of nature by man for his survival and destruction of the earth that the Holocene epoch is going to create when it ends will be fatal for the planet. henceforth science has made research labs around remote corners of the world trying to study sensitive environments and gather data and estimate the seasonal variations and fluctuations in patterns of the landscape from ice to land and then to water and then to complete transformation of the earth.Climate change is primarily caused by human activities, leading to rising global temperatures and shrinking polar ice caps. Scientific organizations agree on the existence of climate change and its risks, though predictions for future warming vary.
Climate change is a highly debated topic among scientists and environmentalists, with a clear consensus that it is primarily caused by human activities leading to excess greenhouse gases.
Global temperatures are on the rise, and the shrinking of polar ice caps indicates the impact of these changes. However, there is variance in predictions for future warming due to factors such as aerosols, cloud feedbacks, and uncertainties around tipping points.
Scientific organizations like NASA and NOAA agree that climate change is happening and poses significant risks. Despite some disagreements on specific components, there is broad consensus that human activities are driving climate change.
Standard form for "No Norwegians are Slavs" (assume true).
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Salvas is Indo European people who speak Slavic languages. And Balto - salvanic group native to central Eurasia and southeastern Europe. From the early 6th century, they have spread to inhabit the majority of central-eastern and southeastern Europe. As today there is a large salvanic population of the North Americans and the and particularly Canada as a result of migration. As salvas can be grouped into orthodox Christianity. There an estimated 360 million Slaves worldwide. such as Russia i.e 130-150, Poland 57-60, Ukraine has 46-51, Serbia has 11-12, Chez republic 10-12, Belarus 10, Slovakia 6. (In terms of 000,000).Final answer:
The statement "No Norwegians are Slavs" refers to the relationship between the Norwegian and Slavic ethnic groups.
Explanation:
The statement "No Norwegians are Slavs" refers to the relationship between the Norwegian and Slavic ethnic groups. In social studies, we study the connections and interactions between different cultures, societies, and ethnic groups. Norway is a Nordic country with its own distinct language (Norwegian) and culture, whereas the Slavs are a diverse group of people with shared historic culture and similar languages, including Bulgarian, Russian, Croatian, and more. Therefore, the statement suggests that there is no overlap or commonality between these two specific ethnic groups.
4. How does sediment in an alluvial fan compare with sediment in a deep marine basin, and how did they come to be so different?
Answer:
Oceans are an accumulation feature and alluvial fan are depositional feature
Explanation:
An alluvial fan is a triangular-shaped deposit that is often referred to as alluvium. Are an example of unconsolidated sedimentary deposits, and thus tend to be larger and more predominant in arid and semi-arid regions. They are typically found in mountainous regions where there is a rapid change in slope. Various types of fan are a proximal fan, medial fan, and the distal fan. An oceanic basin is a hydrologically formed and covers about 70% of the earth's surface, they collect sediments that are eroded by the continents known as clastic sediments, as well as precipitous sediments. As alluvial fans feature is associated with elevated highlands the upliftment is necessary as compared to the oceanic basins there exist mid-oceanic ridges and abyssal hills and plains.where is most if the earth’s freshwater stored
Answer:
In glaciers, North and South poles and some lakes.
Explanation:
As more than 70% of freshwater can be found in continental glaciers around the world. The rest is in icecaps and 0.5 % store in lakes and rivers, and swamps. Rest if possible may be found in the groundwater aquifers, hidden in remote and cut off lace of the world. Antarctica and arctic alone consist of a huge share of freshwater in the world which is stored in ice forms. While 97% of oceanic water is saline not fit for drinking. Various techniques are available for desalination of water but most of it not suitable for long term use. As it may have bacteria and harmful effects on the body. Due to climate change release of methane gas and other harmful greenhouse gases are quickly melting and depleting the freshwater rQ5
Does that mean that aerosols warm or cool the planet?
Warm
Cool
Answer:
Option (2)
Explanation:
The aerosol are defined as the suspended finer solid particles or very small drops of liquid that are present in air or gas.
These aerosols can affect the climate by changing the amount of heat that is penetrated into and eliminated from the atmosphere. They are light colored and have the ability to reflect the incoming solar radiations back into the atmosphere.
This aerosols can be naturally occurring or it can be anthropogenic. Some of the natural aerosols are dust and fogs, whereas, the anthropogenic aerosols includes smoke and haze.
This has both positive and negative impact on the climate, but overall, it can be considered that the presence of these aerosols helps in the cooling of the planet as it reflects more amount of heat into the space like the clouds.
Thus, the correct answer is option (2).
Aerosols can either warm or cool the planet depending on their composition. Reflective aerosols like those from volcanic eruptions cool the planet by reflecting sunlight. However, aerosols like black carbon absorb sunlight and warm the planet, but the net effect of all aerosols is a cooling one.
The question revolves around whether aerosols warm or cool the planet. Aerosols are small particles or liquid droplets in the atmosphere. They can either absorb or reflect sunlight, with varied climate effects. Those aerosols that have a high albedo, meaning they are more reflective like particles from volcanic eruptions or sulfur emissions from burning coal, contribute to cooling the planet as they reflect sunlight back to space.
This is known as a negative forcing. However, some aerosols like black carbon (a component of soot) can absorb sunlight, which leads to warming. Broadly, the net effect of all aerosols is thought to be cooling, as they are estimated to offset about one-third of the warming caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gases. This cooling effect is significant, even though it does not cancel out all of the warming from greenhouse gas emissions.
show me the earth and the sun relationship in regards to climate, westher, orbital considerations, solar wind, tilt, and magnetosphere
Answer:
Relation is shown below.
Explanation:
The weather phenomenon like the cycle, thunderstorms and other turbulent events are all formed due to the reaction of the earth atmosphere with that of suns. With regards to orbital considerations in the sun, solar system the planets revolve cyclically in a clockwise direction which itself is sufficient to explain the day and night on the plant and various seasons on earth. Solar winds and pressure belts regions are on the earth are caused due to the force of solar radiation and convection currents that raise from the equator and make changes in latitudes above. With regards to the magnetosphere, the earth experiences the electronically charged particles that produce the effects of auroras on the outer layers of the earth.Albedo is a term describing the Earth's ____.
Question 46 options:
Use of energy in biomass production
Refraction of energy
Reflection of solar radiation
Production of radiant heat
Answer:
Albedo is a term describing the Earth's reflection of solar radiation
Explanation:
The definition of albedo is the measurement of the reflection of solar radiation received by a planet, for instance. The problem describes the Eart. Therefore, it is the diffuse reflection of solar radiation. Since it is a reflection, it cannot be a production of radiant heat, nor it is the refraction of energy. Since it is reflected back, albedo cannot be the use of energy in biomass production either.
Relative to the stars, through how many arc seconds does the Moon move in 14 s?
Answer:
Moon move in 14 s = 7 arc second.
Explanation:
we know that moon mover 0.5 degree in 1 hour
In 1 hour the Moon move 0.5 degrees = 1800 arc second.
So, in 1 sec the Moon move[tex]s =\frac{1800}{3600} = 0.5\ arc\ second.[/tex]
therefore in 14 second the Moon moves
[tex] = (0.5\times 14) [/tex]
In 14 second = 7 arc second.
Question 12 tiple Choice Worth 3 points) Glossopteris is considered evidence for the rock cycle. drift of continents layering of earth's interior earthquakes along the San Andreas fault. volcanoes on hot spots in the earth's crust
Answer:
Option (2)
Explanation:
Glossopteris were the fossilized trees whose leaves were tongue shaped, and were about 30 meters in height. This trees were dominant in the Permian and got extinct due to the Permian-Triassic mass extinction. The fossils of this glossopteris has been found in all the continents of southern hemisphere. This provided a good evidence supporting the continental drift theory.
It was observed that the continents were all once together and now have separated and these continents are now moving at different place in different direction due to the convection current that forms in the mantle. This supports the plate tectonic theory.
Hence, the correct answer is option (2).
why is south africa, sub shara one of the poorest regions while they have minerals that you can not find any where else in the world
Answer and Explanation:
South Africa is said to be the place rich in minerals. Regardless of its rich mineral resources and valuable minerals wealth, it is a land denied of sustenance. Destitution wins in this nation, People are denied from numerous different backgrounds. Some essential reasons are:-
Lack of administration: The most genuine explanation behind such a condition. This prompts the working of a confused government. Corruption: African locals are a prey to broad debasement. This debilitates the organization and acknowledges preference. Tribalism: Africa is a place that is known for tribal. Individuals distinguish themselves as clans, which decreases their job opportunities Lack of skilled workers: The Government can't pay to talented laborers. Consequently they secure positions in Western Countries. Neocolonialism: It tends to be characterized as the continuation of the monetary model of expansionism after a colonized region has accomplished formal political freedom.
agree or disagree:
Tectonic plates is the term to how faults and landmasses are created. The mantle of the earth contains two components which are Asthenosphere and Lithosphere. The Asthenosphere is a plastic like material which underlies the Lithosphere which is solid and rigid rock materials. The concept of Continental drift is thought of that the continents were once formed together which explains how the landmasses appear to resemble as puzzle pieces. This one huge landmass that was predicted to have once existed is named Pangea. However, the term Continental Drift determines that through tectonic plates enacting seafloor-spreading was the reason for Pangea to have separated. Through seafloor-spreading, the formation of oceanic ridges occur with the separating of landmasses which results in a larger seafloor. The opposite can also happen, when landmasses are being pushed together creates mountain ranges. Faults are what underlies beneath continents which makes seafloor-spreading and the formation of mountain ranges to occu
Answer:
Agreed
Explanation:
Plate tectonics is a term used to describe how the plates or slabs are formed as a result of faults and folds created within the earth surface and this term also used in describing how the earth was formed due to the impact of large solid objects from the outer space and the removal of gas due to the SolarWinds. The mantel that is composed of three layers and the top of them being the asthenosphere on which Alfred Wegener gave evidence that the terrestrial plate floats freely on these with less resistance offered by SIMA. The puzzle evidence also suggested by him was about the same theory that made the large supercontinents in existence and from which the later land masses broke off to form Pangea and Gondwanaland. Later on much-studied were conducted in this tic to test its validity and found that the continents were truly displaced due to the spreading of the oceanic floors due to the mid-oceanic ridges and these accounts for 99% of the oceanic crustal masses. It was only possible through the deep exploration of the paleomagnetism and chain of rocks of various ages.What is isomorphous substitution and how does it affect the charge of layer-silicate
clay minerals? What is the dominant type of charge (permanent or variable) on layer-
silicate clay minerals and why?
Answer:
Isomorphous substitution has a net negative charge on clay. This charge needs to be balanced as to produce a positively charged ions from the solution.
Explanation:
As the word isomorphous closely related to the same shape and thus atoms must contain the physical and chemical properties. Clay minerals have silicate layers as a result of the usually a product of chemical weathering. Most of them are found in shales a common type of sedimentary rock. As they act as chemical sponges they hold water and dissolved pale matter from other chemicals. This results in unbalanced electric charges, clay minerals that can attract molecules as an example of mica. Soil containing 45% of minerals, 5% of organic matter, 25% of both air and water make up the sand, silt, and clay, etc. Kaolinite, Vermiculite, Illite, and Sodium Smectite along with Calcium smectite are generally considered as the soil clay forming minerals.Final answer:
Isomorphous substitution occurs when similar cations substitute for each other in clay minerals, creating a net negative charge that results in a permanent charge on layer-silicate clay minerals.
Explanation:
Isomorphous substitution is a process whereby one cation is substituted for another of similar size and charge in the crystal lattice of a mineral, without changing the basic structure of the mineral. This process is significant in layer-silicate clay minerals. When substitution happens, for example, when [tex]Al^{3+}[/tex] replaces [tex]Sl^{4+}[/tex] in the tetrahedral layer, it causes a decrease in the overall positive charge, leading to a net negative charge on the layers. This charge is balanced by cations in the interlayer spaces.
The dominant type of charge on layer-silicate clay minerals is permanent charge, which is due to isomorphous substitution. It is permanent because it is an inherent part of the mineral's structure and not affected by pH or other environmental changes, unlike variable charges which can occur on the edges of clay particles and organic matter and can change with pH.
The way of transferring heat in that warm air rises in daytime is__.
Question 45 options:
Reflection
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Answer:
Option (3)
Explanation:
In a region where the temperature is high, the air gets heated up. As a result of which the air becomes warm and less dense and rises up into the atmosphere forming a low pressure zone. This air when rises up, it experiences a cooler temperature and gets cooled. This cooling allows the air mass to become dense and starts condensing. It then precipitates in the form of rainfall. This motion of air particles in the atmosphere forms a convection, that is similar to the one that forms in the mantle layer of the earth.
Thus, the warm air transfers heat forming convections.
Hence, the correct answer is option (3).
Now that we know of thousands of dinosaur eggs and nests, what are these fossils teaching us? What sort of behaviors and evolutionary relationships are being extrapolated from the diversity of nest types, eggshell microstructures, and overall shape of dinosaur eggs? Do not feel like you need to produce a thesis in this thread. Make it a community effort and build on what each of you find to share about what dinosaur eggs have to teach us.
Answer and Explanation:
Fossilized proof of dinosaurs have been found in various areas and have helped in thinking about there settling styles .Pale ontological looks into have demonstrated a few dinosaurs eggs covered under dried leaves and vegetation like numerous crocodiles do.But dinosaurs were additionally found to expose eggs in homes similarly as fowls.
t was discovered that the dinosaurs which where not very much grew principally laid there eggs on ground covered under certain articles to keep them warm.This insights towards a conceivable developmental connection among crocodile and birds.It was discovered that those eggs which were covered under vegetation so as to keep them warm were increasingly permeable that those which were exposed in like feathered creatures and this expanded porosity of the eggshells to encourage the trading of gases since they were covered and oxygen supply was expanded in light of the porosity of the eggshells.
Dinosaur egg fossils were found in a wide range of shapes and sizes and furthermore hues which shows assorted variety of these animals.
When is the Sun highest in the sky at noon for people living in Sydney, Australia? (A) Spring equinox (March 21)(B) Summer solstice (June 21)(C) Winter solstice (Dec. 21)(D) Fall equinox (Sep. 21)
Answer:
(C) Winter solstice
Explanation:
Sydney, and all of Australia, are located in the Southern Hemisphere. This means that the changes in the seasons and the position of the sun on the sky for that matter are the opposite of the ones in the Northern Hemisphere. The summer period in the Southern Hemisphere starts on December 21st, unlike the Northern Hemisphere where it starts on June 21. The reason why the summer starts n this date is because in this period the Southern Hemisphere is more exposed to the sun, as the Earth is tilted with its southern half towards it. This resulted in higher exposure to the sun, increased temperatures because of it, and the sun being the highest on the sky during the winter solstice. On the other hand, the sun will be the lowest on the sky during the summer solstice, as the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun during that period.
Question 11 Which object seems to fit the following trend the least: Higher density closer to the sun, lower density farther from the sun? a) Jupiter b) Mercury c) Neptune d) Pluto
Answer:
Mercury is considered to be most densest and Jupiter has least
Explanation:
As being a terrestrial planet mercury has a density of 5.427g/cm cube only slightly less than earth. As mercury is smaller as compared to the earth its thinner regions are subjected to fewer compressions and thus high density is believed to be of the iron-rich core. As nickel and iron are believed to make up 70% planet ms higher than other planets while the mass of silicate rocks account for 30%. Mercury has a gravity of 3.7m/s square. which is equivalent to 0.38 of earth's gravity. As a gas planet, Jupiter has a density of 1.326g.m/cm cube being a second densest gas planet in the solar system. Measured from the surface Jupiter's gravity is half that of the earth.Question B
Some might say that the Roman Civilization was an imitation of the Greek’s accomplishments. Do you agree or disagree with that statement? Provide an example to support your position.
Answer and Explanation:
Imitating isn't proper term to use here, I think affected would be a superior wording since Roman development was to a great extent impacted by Greek human progress. We can demonstrate it by observing the similarity between both the human advancements. both developed wine and olives inspite of contrasts in territory and geography.
The specialty of both the developments additionally has loads of likenesses. However, it is additionally certain that not both expressions of the human experience are absolutely same and in this manner we ought not call it as impersonation. The reality of the situation may prove that Roman progress built up their craft with impact of Greeks however with specific alterations.
In this manner, it is certain that Roman development was impacted by the Greek progress yet it was anything but an ideal impersonation and rather an alteration in Greek human progress.
In the last question, I measured 1000 atoms of U-235 (parent) and 3000 atoms of Pb-207 (daughter) in a mineral. If the half life of U-235 is 700 million years, then how old is the mineral? If the mineral came from an igneous rock, then how old is the rock?
Answer:
1400 millon years, it is probable that if the mineral came from igneous rock, ithe rock age would be the same. There were active volcanoes 1400 year ago in proterozoic era.
Explanation:
Lifetime of radiactive compound is calculated with
[tex]ln(\frac{N_t}{N_0})=-kt[/tex] with [tex]N_t:[/tex] mass at time t, [tex]N_0:[/tex] original mass, [tex]k:[/tex] decay constant.
So we know that when 700 millon years pass, the half of original material decays ([tex]\frac{N_t}{N_0})=0.5[/tex]. With that information we can know k.
[tex]ln(0.5)=-k*700[/tex] so, [tex]k=-ln(0.5)/700=0.00099[/tex]
With k, the actual and original quantity of material we can know how old is the rock:
[tex]t=-ln(\frac{N_t}{N_0})/k[/tex] so, [tex]t=-ln(\frac{1000}{4000})/0.00099=1400 millon years[/tex]
([text]N_0=1000+3000[/text] is the actual quantity plus the quantity that decays to Pb-207)
What would happen to the surrounding weather if the ITCZ did not shift throughout the year?
-What if it shifted more?
-How would this happen?
Answer:
ITCZ does not shift much as the sun's movement is controlling the shift through the year.
Explanation:
ITCZ follows the sun and thus leads to changes in the season it moves in the northern hemisphere in summer and winter and thus responsible for the wet and dry seasons in tropics. ITCZ changes its position around the year as a result of the spinning of the earth. Its also called the doldrums the horizontal air movements. Thus there is a movement in July and January throughout the year. If this layer did not shift uneven heating and cooling can be felt in the tropics.1. What happens and what results from an Earth's precession?
Answer:
Active precession is a slow and a gravity induced change resulting from the orientation of the planet
Explanation:
The tilting nature of the earth and the bulge associated with the planet due to its rotation occurs as a result of the gradual shift in the orientation of the planet. The precision of equinoxes and solstice is possible due to the elliptical motion of the planet around the sun. This shift cause changes in motion and speed of the earth s the wind motion takes its impact on the northern and southern spheres. The tidal force of the sun and moon are also responsible for the effects seen on the surface. Similarly, this also impacts the flow of energy from the solar system and regulation of the earth's interior energy i.e erosion and deposition in the form of the features found at the surface.Explain where the magma for volcanoes at divergent plate boundaries comes from and how it rises to the surface. In this explanation describe how mantle convection is related to the motion of the tectonic plates.
Answer:
The earth's crust is comprised of lithospheric plates and they are divided into the continental crust (plates) and the oceanic crust (plates). These plates are constantly in motion over the Asthenosphere layer. This motion takes place due to the convection current that initiates in the mantle. This initiation of convection current is because of the heat radiated from the core of the earth. This plate motion takes place in three different ways, such as-
(a) Divergent plate motion
(b) Convergent plate motion
(c) Transform plate motion
In a divergent plate motion, the two plates move in the opposite direction. As a result of which the hot, less dense magma rises up and comes out towards the surface. This magma originates from the deeper mantle due to the convection current.
Hence, the convection current is the main mechanism behind the plate motion.
What characteristic of the depositional environment influence
the properties of sedimentary rocks?
Answer:
The characteristic of the depositional environment affects the properties of sedimentary rocks are as follows-
(1) Lithology- It describes the constituent mineral and the type of texture these crystals have, which forms a sedimentary rock. These minerals occur in a certain depositional environment. When the weathered materials are derived and transported to some other place, then it forms a stable one in a fixed environment as the rocks are subjected to compaction and lithification, The environment in which these minerals have led to the formation of these rocks can be determined.
(2) Structure- There are various structures that occur in rock, such as ripple marks, cross-bedding that highlights the flow direction of water and wind. Many structures like slickensides, folding, faulting occurs in the sedimentary rocks that are formed due to tectonic activities. These structures can easily be identified and their environment of deposition can also be determined.
(3) Fossil content- Fossils are found to be embedded in the sedimentary rocks. The shells of organisms after death are accumulated at the bottom of the ocean. As a result of this, these shells are covered with the sediments and after millions of years, turn into fossils. For example, Sandstone, Limestone, and shale comprised of various types of shells. These fossils are found to be deposited in a shallow marine environment.
it is possible for two stars to have different temperatures and different sizes but the same luminosity. explain how.
Answer:
Two stars (a and b) can have the same luminosity, but different surface area and temperature if the following condition is met:
(T_a^4)(R_a^2) = (T_b^4)(R_b^2)
Explanation:
The luminosity of a star is the total energy that produces in one second. It depends on the size of the star and its surface temperature.
L = σ(T^4)(4πR^2)
L is the luminosity f the star, T is the temperature of the surface of the star and R is its radius.
Two stars can have the same luminosity if the relation between the radius and the surface temperature is maintained.
To see this lets suposed you have 2 stars, a and b, and the luminosities of each one of them:
L_a = σ(T_a^4)(4πR_a^2)
L_b = σ(T_b^4)(4πR_b^2)
you can assume that L_a and L_b are equal:
σ(T_a^4)(4πR_a^2) = σ(T_b^4)(4πR_b^2)
Now, you can cancel the constants:
(T_a^4)(R_a^2) = (T_b^4)(R_b^2)
as long as this relation between a and b is true, then the luminosity can be the same.
Stars can have the same luminosity but different temperatures and sizes. This is because luminosity not only depends on a star's temperature, but also its size. Taking the example of the Sirius binary star system, the two stars have nearly the same temperature but differ in size, leading to very different luminosities.
Explanation:Yes, it is possible for two stars to have different temperatures and different sizes but the same luminosity. Luminosity is a term used to describe the total amount of energy emitted by a star per unit of time and depends on both its size and its surface temperature. If you increase the size of a star but decrease its temperature, or increase the temperature but decrease its size, you could end up with two stars of the same luminosity but different temperatures and sizes.
For example, in the Sirius binary star system, Sirius emits 8200 times more energy than its companion despite having nearly the same temperature. This is possible because the radii of the stars differ, leading to different luminosities. This can be visualized on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, which shows the relationship between the temperature and luminosity of stars.
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Sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks can each have a distinctive appearance in the landscape, often allowing us to recognize these rocks from a distance. Classify the following description of a landscape to the rock type exposed at the surface. Sandstone or Shale, or Limestone or Igneous rocks or Metamorphic rocks
The description of a landscape can help us determine the type of rocks that are exposed at the surface, such as sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic rocks.
Explanation:The description of a landscape can help us determine the type of rocks that are exposed at the surface.
Sedimentary rocks, such as sandstone, shale, and limestone, can often be recognized by their distinct appearance in the landscape.
ous rocks, such as basalt and granite, form from the cooling and solidification of molten magma.
Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are altered by heat and pressure.
"The correct classification for the landscape described below is Sandstone.
The landscape described below has a characteristic appearance that can be associated with a particular type of rock. Let's analyze the description and classify the rock type:
- The description mentions layered outcrops with visible cross-bedding. Cross-bedding is a sedimentary structure where the layers of sediment are deposited at an angle to the main bedding plane. This feature is commonly found in sandstone, which is a type of sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments.
- The presence of fossilized ripples also indicates a sedimentary origin. Fossilized ripples are the remains of ancient ripples that were preserved in the sediment, suggesting that the rock formed in a water environment where ripples could develop.
- Cliffs with varying shades of red, brown, and yellow can be associated with sandstone, as the color variations are often due to the presence of iron oxides and other minerals within the sandstone layers.
- Evidence of weathering into rounded boulders can occur with many types of rock, but when combined with the other clues, it supports the classification as sandstone. Sandstone can weather into rounded shapes due to processes like wind erosion.
Based on these observations, the landscape is most consistent with an exposure of sandstone at the surface. Shale is another sedimentary rock that can form layered outcrops, but it is generally finer-grained and less likely to show cross-bedding or weather into large boulders.
Limestone can also form cliffs and may contain fossils, but it is typically composed of calcium carbonate and is less likely to exhibit the range of colors described. Igneous and metamorphic rocks are usually not layered in the same way as sedimentary rocks and do not typically show cross-bedding or fossilized ripples. Therefore, the landscape is best classified as being underlain by sandstone."
4. Which of the following would change if the Earth had no tilt relative to the ecliptic?
A. Each season would last longer
B. The year would be longer
C. There would be no seasons
D. There would be more days per year
Answer:
Option (C)
Explanation:
The earth's axis of rotation is tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees. This tilting has taken place due to the impact between earth and another earth-like planet. The moon resulted from this impact. This tilt plays an important role in the occurrence of seasons on earth.
If the earth was not tilted and remained the same, then it would have not experience any type of season. The conditions would have been very consistent. The equatorial region would have received maximum sunlight, as a result of which only one kind of season would be experienced throughout the year. Due to this, life would be very difficult to survive.
Thus, the tilt of the earth creates four types of seasons, such as summer, autumn, winter and spring, relative to its elliptical path where it moves around the sun.
Hence, the correct answer is option (C).
Suppose Halley's comet orbits the sun every 79 years with an eccentricity of 0.87. What is it's aphelion distance in
au's
Answer:
it's aphelion distance is 18.41 AU
Explanation:
Given data:
eccentricity 0.87
P is period of orbiting = 79
from Kepler's third Law.
P^2 = d^3
where P is the period of orbiting in years, and
d it is orbit semi-major axis in Astronomical Units
1 AU is the average distance between earth and sun
so if P =79, we have
79^2 = d^3
6241 = d^3
d = (6241)^(1/3) = 18.41 AU
Question 19 How does the density of Pluto compare to the density of the terrestrial planets?
Pluto's density is 1.9 g/cm³, suggestive of a composition which is a blend of rocky materials and water ice. This is comparatively less than the terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) which have higher densities due to the presence of heavier elements, predominantly metals, in their cores.
Explanation:The density of a planet is calculated by taking the mass of the planet and dividing it by its volume. Using data from the New Horizons probe, the density of Pluto, a dwarf planet, has been measured as 1.9 g/cm³. This is indicative of a composition that is a mixture of rocky materials and water ice in nearly the same proportions as many outer-planet moons, such as Callisto.
In contrast, the terrestrial planets, the four innermost planets in our solar system (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars), have varying densities due to their differing core compositions and sizes, but all exceed the density of Pluto. For instance, Earth is the densest of the planets, at around 5.52 g/cm³. This signifies a substantial presence of heavier elements, primarily metals, in their cores and lighter silicates near the surface. This difference in densities is crucial in determining and differentiating the attributes of terrestrial and dwarf planets.
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The distance-size ratio for the Sun-Nearest other Star system is of an order of magnitude of
Answer:
Proxima Centauri is the closest star to that of the sun and being 4.22 light years away from the earth having an apparent magnitude of 12.95.
Explanation:
Being a small and low mass star locate away from the sun in southern constellation being discovered in 1915 by Robert innings. Having an apparent magnitude of 11.3 having an Astronomical number of 12,950 from the orbital period of 550,000 years. Proxima Centauri is a red dwarf star with a mass of eight times that of sun, and an average density that of sun, more than 85%of the radiation is infrared and has the regular activity of starspots. Being closes to the sun around 32,000 years away. It thass an orbital period of 3.6 to 14 days.__________ ozone is harmful, damaging plants and human health while ozone at the _________ level screens out mutagenic ultraviolet radiation.
Question 43 options:
Stratospheric; troposphere
Thermospheric; mesosphere
Tropospheric; stratosphere
Mesospheric; thermosphere
Answer:
Tropospheric ozone is harmful, damaging plants and human health while ozone at the stratophere level screens out mutagenic ultraviolet radiation.
Explanation:
Ozone is dangerous and harmful in the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. This layer is called troposphere. The reason why it causes damage to plants and human health it is because ozone is a reactive gas that affects plant synthesis and causes smog (a form of air pollution that is particularly dangerous to sensitive respiratory diseases such as asthma). However, ozone is helpful in the second layer of the Earth's atmosphere: the stratosphere. It prevents and blocks dangerous ultraviolet radiation.
Which of the following places is more likely to have the coldest winter?
Question 62 options:
A place with 30°N latitude in East Asia
A place with 30°S latitude in Africa
A place with 45°N latitude in central Asia
A place with 47°S latitude in South America
Answer:
A place with 45°N latitude in central Asia
Explanation:
Central Asia consists of a 4,003,451 km square area and has a population of 71,982,775. Being an extremely wide region with well-defined geography with vast desert land and mountainous terrain. Most of this area is too rugged for farming. It also has some geographic extremes like the Eurasian pole of inaccessibility. Worlds shorted distance between the non-frozen desert and permafrost: 770 km. The world's northernmost desert located in Mongolia. and southernmost permafrost, also at Mongolia. It's not buffed with a large body of water as the areas are the dry and continental type of climate thus it has coldest winters like Kazakhstan -4 °C and -19 °C.