1. False
In the past several decades, and especially in the past 20 years, the global temperatures have been on the rise. The rise of the temperature is not the same in all places, and there are differences between the regions, especially between the latitudes. The lowest latitudes tend to be the least affected, as the temperature has increased the least. The mid-latitudes have moderate increase in the temperatures, while the high latitudes have experienced the largest increase in temperatures, which has resulted in melting of the ice sheets.
2. Both the Arctic Sea and the land ice on Antarctica and Greenland have lost large amounts of ice
With the increase of the global temperatures because of the strengthening of the greenhouse effect, the high latitudes have been the most affected. The largest ice masses on the planet, have been heavily affected by this, with the ice sheets and glaciers on Antarctica, the Arctic, and Greenland all shrinking. Because they have all been losing lot of ice, it has affected the ocean waters, resulting in sea level rise, putting in danger lot of cities and islands around the world.
3. burning of fossil fuels - global temperature rise - the greenhouse effect - ocean acidification - sea level rise - shrinking ice sheets - warming oceans - glacial retreat
The global warming is a cyclic process that occurs on the planet. During the Pleistocene it has been occurring between the glacial periods. There are several factors that contribute to the global warming, some of which are cyclical movements and positioning of the Earth, while some are a result of the processes on the planet. The global warming has been a very important topic in the past few decades, with the main reason being that the human activity is actually resulting in speeding up of this process.
4. Incoming solar radiation is trapped in the Earth's atmosphere by certain molecules resulting in warmer surface temperature
The greenhouse affect is a process that occurs naturally, but in the past couple of centuries, the humans have also contributed to it. This effect is basically the accumulation of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere, which manage to trap heat, thus increase the atmospheric temperature and the surface temperature of the planet. There are multiple consequences from this effect, such as rising temperatures, acidification of the oceans, melting of the ice sheets, rise of the sea waters.
Equatorial regions have experienced the largest increases in global surface temperature in the past 20 years. There has been substantial loss of Arctic sea ice, as well as land ice on Greenland and Antarctica. The greenhouse effect is the trapping of solar radiation in the Earth's atmosphere, resulting in a warmer surface temperature.
Explanation:The largest increases in global surface temperature in the past 20 years have indeed been in the equatorial regions. This is supported by the fact that glaciers and polar ice are melting at a faster rate, leading to rising sea levels. Additionally, the Arctic Sea ice has experienced significant loss, while the land ice on Greenland and Antarctica has also shown a substantial decrease.
The documented evidence supporting global warming includes the burning of fossil fuels, global temperature rise, the greenhouse effect, ocean acidification, declining arctic sea ice, sea level rise, shrinking ice sheets, and extreme events. These factors all contribute to the overall understanding of climate change and its impacts.
The greenhouse effect refers to the process where incoming solar radiation is trapped in the Earth's atmosphere by certain molecules, resulting in a warmer surface temperature. This phenomenon is primarily caused by the increase in greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, which trap heat and lead to global warming.
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Express the answer in scientific notation. What is the pressure, in N/m2, at a depth of 50 km in the continental crust?
The pressure is _____× 10 ?N m2 .
Answer:
1.422[tex] \times 10^9[/tex] N/m²
Explanation:
pressure (P) = ρ g h
where ρ= density of continental crust
g= acceleration due to gravity
h is the depth given
density of continental crust is equal to 2.9 g/cm³
= [tex]\frac{2.9\times 10^{-3}}{10^{-6} } =2.9\times 10^3 kg/m^3[/tex]
g=9.81 m/s²
height = 50,000 m
now,
pressure (P) = ρ g h
pressure (P) =[tex]2.9\times 10^3\times 9.81\times 50000[/tex]
=1.422[tex] \times 10^9[/tex] N/m²
Which of the following occurs when a neutron strikes a radioactive parent atom?
fusion
fission
enrichment
atomic splicing
Fission occurs when a neutron strikes a radioactive parent atom, causing it to split into smaller daughter atoms and in the process releasing
protons
anions
energy
electrons
A facet is a __________ on a gem.
polished surface
cleavage plane
small impurity
crystal face
The groundwater quality of an aquifer is tested and found to have high amounts of arsenic. It is likely that the arsenic
comes from the dissolved minerals in the aquifer rock
comes from the reaction of the water with the testing supplies
is being poured into the groundwater to poison the town
is not actually there; it does not show up in groundwater
Where would you expect to find geysers?
Iceland
England
Antarctica
Greenland
Important volatiles in magmas include __________ .
mafic minerals, such as olivine
potassium and aluminum
water and carbon dioxide
silicon and iron
Granite, a course-grained, felsic intrusive igneous rock is most similar in mineral composition to __________ , which is a fine-grained, felsic extrusive equivalent.
andesite
basalt
gabbro
rhyolite
Which of the following is most typical of what you would find in a lahar?
rock fragments
ash and gas
water and mud
lava
Answer:
Explanation:
1....Which of the following occurs when a neutron strikes a radioactive parent atom?
fission
Fission occurs when a heavy nucleus spontaneously disintengrates into lighter ones. When neutron strikes a parent atom, it becomes unstable and in the process disintegrates.
2......Fission occurs when a neutron strikes a radioactive parent atom, causing it to split into smaller daughter atoms and in the process releasing
energy
Fission is accompanied by the release of energy after daughter atoms are formed. These energy are tapped for use in nuclear power plants.
3......A facet is a __________ on a gem.
Polished surface
A facet is a smooth polished surface of gem that has been well cut.
4........The groundwater quality of an aquifer is tested and found to have high amounts of arsenic. It is likely that the arsenic
comes from the dissolved minerals in the aquifer rock
For arsenic to be found in ground water, the geology of the area must have had a telling effect on the water body.
5............Where would you expect to find geysers?
Iceland
In Iceland, the mid-atlantic ridge cuts the continent and it can be visibly seen on the surface.
A geyser is a hot spring that in which columns of hot water sprout out intermittently.
Magma bodies are closer to the surface in Iceland where they can come in close contact with the ground water system thereby sending super heated water in form of steam and vapor outwards. This is the geyser seen on land.
6.........Important volatiles in magmas include __________ .
water and carbon dioxide
Water and carbon dioxide are the most important volatiles which are found in magmatic bodies.
7.....Granite, a course-grained, felsic intrusive igneous rock is most similar in mineral composition to __________ , which is a fine-grained, felsic extrusive equivalent.
rhyolite
Ryholite is the extrusive equivalence of granite. Both rock types are felsic and are rich in silica and feldspar. Their silica composition above 60%.
8.........Which of the following is most typical of what you would find in a lahar?
water and mud
Lahars are examples of volcanic mudflow in which water and volcanic mud flows down slope.
The process of fission occurs when a neutron strikes a radioactive parent atom. This process causes the atom to split and release energy. Geological features and phenomena such as geysers, magmas, and lahars are a result of certain geological forces and the interaction of certain substances.
Explanation:When a neutron strikes a radioactive parent atom, fission occurs, causing it to split into smaller atoms and releasing energy in the process. A facet on a gem is a polished surface. The high amounts of arsenic in the groundwater quality of an aquifer likely comes from the dissolved minerals in the aquifer rock.
Geysers are typically found in Iceland. Important volatiles in magmas include water and carbon dioxide. Granite, a coarse-grained, felsic intrusive igneous rock, is similar in mineral composition to rhyolite, which is its fine-grained, felsic extrusive equivalent. In a lahar, you would typically find water and mud.
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Why are most beds of sedimentary rock formed horizontally?
Answer:
Sedimentary rocks formed in horizontal layers because sedimentary rocks are form when original sediments are get deposited sediments and the sentiments are sand, rock and mud. Due to action of the moving water and ice are get deposited more and less horizontally are due to the moving of water and ice. Sedimentary rocks are get deposited and contain the layers which are inclined outset then, it is also known as depositional dip.
Multiple Choice:
for the earliest humans , the only strategic mineral materials were:
a) Copper and tin B) water and salt
c) iron and gold d) muscovite and bronze
Answer: a)Copper and tin
Explanation: Copper and tin came into use at very early ages in the form of utensils, ornament etc. They were discovered in a way that it is possible for the people of early ages to extract these metals and melt them to give it some kind of shapes and utilize it for their daily living.People also started using these metals in the form of alloys as well which expanded the used of metals like copper, tin , bronze etc. Thus, correct option is copper and tin.
Why are metamorphic rocks so limited in their distribution at the Earth s surface?
Answer: Metamorphic rocks are formed by processes that take place in the depths of the Earth
Explanation: Metamorphic rocks are found in the depths of the Earth because they occur during the processes that take place there. This means that all types of rocks are not evenly distributed due to the processes they occur, so that some rocks, such as sediment, are more present on the surface and easier to find. Metamorphic rocks can reach and be found on the surface due to tectonic movements that push the rocks up. But still, these layers of metamorphic rocks that reach the surface are below some layers of other rocks. In order to find these metamorphic rocks on the surface, wind and water play an important role in the washing of the surface layers of rocks over the centuries, and thus make easier to find metamorphic rocks.
what is the absolute location of the Pacific Hinge region?
Answer:
The absolute location of Pacific Hinge region is from San Diego, California, USA at 2° 42' 55" N / 117° 9' 23" W , stretching to the Vancouver, west coast seaport in British Colombia, Canada at 55° 0' 0" N / 125° 9' 0" W.
Explanation:
The absolute location is the exact location of a place on earth and it is often given in terms of coordinates such as latitude and longitude.
The Pacific Hinge region is from the Mexican border to Vancouver and includes California and west half of Oregon and Washington.
The absolute location of Pacific Hinge Region is given by :
the region from San Diego, California, USA at 2° 42' 55" N / 117° 9' 23" W , stretching to the Vancouver, west coast seaport in British Colombia, Canada at 55° 0' 0" N / 125° 9' 0" W. Therefore, it is quite impossible to find the exact absolute location i.e. the latitude and longitude of the Pacific Hinge region.
The absolute location of the Pacific region is from San Diego, California, USA at 32° 42' 55" N / 117° 9' 23" W, all the way up to Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada at 55° 0' 0" N / 125° 9' 0" W.
This means that the exact latitude and longitude of the entire region are impossible to find, as it is a very large area. However, the above coordinates give a general idea of the region's location.
The Pacific region is a geologically active area, and is home to a number of volcanoes and earthquakes. It is also a major center for trade and transportation, and is home to some of the largest cities in North America.
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Contrast the internal and external processes shaping Earth’s surface.
Externally, the forces that shape the earth’s surface are weathering and deposition. These are mainly powered by the sun. These forces are responsible for features such as ox-bow lakes and deltas. Internal processes include the convection currents of the mantle – that result in tectonic plate movements- and volcanic eruptions that are responsible for features such as mountains.
Internal processes shaping Earth's surface include plate tectonics and volcanic activities stemming from heat energy within Earth's core. In contrast, external processes, powered mainly by solar energy and gravity, influence the surface through erosion, weathering, and impacts from space projectiles.
Explanation:Internal and external processes play significant roles in shaping Earth's surface. Internal processes are driven by heat energy from the Earth's core and involve movements within the Earth's crust, mantle, and core. They include activities such as plate tectonics, volcanic eruptions, and earthquakes - all of which can cause changes like mountain formation, rift zones, subduction zones, and other geological activity.
External forces, on the other hand, are primarily influenced by solar energy and gravity. They include weather-related events like rainfall, wind, and temperature changes, which cause erosion and weathering of the Earth's surface. An example of an external change is crater formation, which occurs due to the impact of projectiles from space.
Summarily, while internal processes play a role in shaping Earth from within, external processes influence Earth's surface from outside.
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Why is it Winter in the United States when the Earth is closest to the Sun??
Answer:
Explanation:
During part of the year, Earth is closer to the sun than at other times. However, in the Northern Hemisphere, we are having winter when Earth is closest to the sun and summer when it is farthest away! ... Earth has seasons because its axis doesn't stand up straight.
Global warming would cause
Question 9 options:
tectonic uplift.
inundation of coastal plains.
global fall of sea level.
the size of the world ocean to become slightly smaller
Hi !!
Global warning would cause ►
inundation of coastal plains
☺☺☺
Why does ocean temperature change little from day to night? Marine ice caps keep ocean water from heating up t0o much. Lesser cloudiness over the oceans allows them to soak up more solar energy than land. a. b. Salts in ocean water absorb sunlight during the day and release it at night. d. High heat capacity allows water to gain and release heat without much change in temperature
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Water has a high heat capacity. This means it takes much energy (compared to other elements and compounds) to raise the temperatures of water by a degree. This, therefore, means that during the day, the land becomes hotter faster than the oceans. (The reason for sea breeze during the day). Likewise, during the night it takes much time for the water to lose the heat and drop its temperatures (compared to land – the reason for land breezes at night)
Final answer:
The ocean temperature changes little from day to night primarily due to its high heat capacity. This means it can absorb and release large amounts of heat without a significant change in temperature. The correct option is d. High heat capacity allows water to gain and release heat without much change in temperature.
Explanation:
Water's high heat capacity is a defining characteristic that enables the oceans to moderate Earth's climate. This substantial heat capacity means that a significant amount of energy is required to change the temperature of a volume of water, which is why over 90% of the increased heat content of Earth is absorbed by the oceans. The rest of the energy is distributed amongst ice, land, and the atmosphere. Whereas land surfaces can experience extreme temperature fluctuations due to their lower heat capacity, water absorbs more solar energy and distributes this heat not only through the surface but also at greater depths due to light penetration and water mixing. This distribution, combined with the thermal inertia of such a vast body of water, means that ocean temperatures remain relatively stable, with minimal variation between day and night or even across seasons.
The magnifying power of a telescope equals: the diameter of the primary lens or mirror of the telescope. the focal length of the eyepiece divided by the focal length of the objective of the telescope the diameter of the eyepiece of the telescope. the diameter of the eyepiece of the telescope.
Answer:
The magnifying power of a telescope equals the focal length of the eyepiece divided by the focal length of the objective of the telescope.
Explanation:
Magnifying power of a telescope
The value of the magnifying power of a telescope can be easily determined by dividing objective lens or mirror's focal length by the eyepiece focal length value .
Hence ,
Magnifying power of telescope = focal length of lens / focal length of the eyepiece .
According to the above formula ,
To have a high value of magnification of the telescope , the focal length of the lens should be higher than the focal length of the eyepiece .
Answer:
The magnifying power of a telescope equals the focal length of the eyepiece divided by the focal length of the objective of the telescope.
Explanation:
Magnifying power of a telescope
The value of the magnifying power of a telescope can be easily determined by dividing objective lens or mirror's focal length by the eyepiece focal length value .
Hence ,
Magnifying power of telescope = focal length of lens / focal length of the eyepiece .
According to the above formula ,
To have a high value of magnification of the telescope , the focal length of the lens should be higher than the focal length of the eyepiece .
Explanation:
The Earth's magnetic field is generated by which layer? Select one: a. Outer Core b. Mesosphere c. Asthenosphere e. Outer core and Asthenosphere together Which layer(s) from the choices below are defined by physical properties and could be considered a brittle solid? Select one: a. Asthenosphere b. Mesosphere C. Asthenosphere &Mesosphere d. Lithosphere e.Mantle
1. a. Outer Core
The magnetic field of Earth is generated by the forces deep inside our planet. More specifically, it is the convection currents in the outer core layer that are managing to produce the magnetic field. These convection currents are made out of molten rock, and they are caused by the heat that is escaping the inner core and moves outwards toward the outer core. This process is called geodynamo, and its effects have big importance for the Earth and the living organisms on it, especially that the magnetic field of our planet also acts as a protector from the intense sun radiation.
2. d. Lithosphere
The only layer on Earth that can be described as brittle solid is the lithosphere. Unlike the layers that are deeper, the lithosphere is not as hot, nor has high pressure, so the rocks are in solid form, instead of being molten. This layer is also the smallest of all, and it is covering only the uppermost part of the planet. Apart from being the thinnest layer, it is also the layer that is composed of the lightest elements, as during the formation of Earth's layers, the heaviest elements were sinking to the center, while the lighter elements were pushed toward the surface.
Final answer:
The Earth's magnetic field is generated by the Outer Core (Option a). The layer(s) that are defined by physical properties and could be considered a brittle solid is the Lithosphere (Option d).
Explanation:
The magnetic field of Earth is a result of the movements within its liquid metallic outer core. This molten outer core, composed primarily of iron, moves and convects, setting up circulating electric currents which generate the magnetic field. On the other hand, the lithosphere comprises the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle. It exhibits rigid, solid, and brittle characteristics, being easily cracked or broken, unlike the plasticity of the asthenosphere below it, which allows for fluid movement. These layers are crucial in the dynamics of plate tectonics, volcanism, and protection against cosmic radiation through the magnetosphere.
Human beings have dramatically altered the flux rate of nitrogen from ________. from soils to the atmosphere proteins to inorganic ions in soils producers to consumers through increased wildfires oceans to soils the atmosphere to various pools on the earth's surface
Answer:
The atmosphere to various pools on the earth's surface
Explanation:
Answer:
Human beings have dramatically altered the flux rate of nitrogen from the biosphere.
Explanation:
Human beings have greatly altered the nitrogen cycle or flow of nitrogen within the biosphere which consists of every place on Earth where living things exist: the land, water, and air. The major cause of this great alteration has been the improper disposal of organic matter, and combustion of fossil fuels which have polluted soils, air, oceans and other water bodies with nitric oxides, elements, and ions that lead to the formation of acid rain and smog, amongst other dangerous by-products.
There are six primary advantages of using Unified Command. Name three of them.
Answer:
Mentioned
Explanation:
UNIFIED COMMAND: It is an authority structure in which two or more individual services operating the role of incident commander in the INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM (ICS). When required the leadership of ICS maybe expanded into unified command.
PRIMARY ADVANTAGES:
1. As there are multiple agencies involved the combined effort is optimized because they perform the entire assignment together under a single incident action plan.
2. All agencies involved in an incident have the responsibility and understanding each others priorities and restrictions and agencies legal authority will not be neglected.
3. A single set of objectives is designed for collective approach and is developed to achieve entire incident. This also allows collective planning of operations.
5. Suppose that every three months, on average, an earthquake occurs in a certain region. Assuming this is a Poisson process, what is the probability that the next earthquake occurs after three but before seven months?
Answer:
0.2709
Explanation:
Given that 1 earthquake occurs in 3 months
∴Number of earthquake that will occur in 1 month = 1 / 3
∴ The waiting time of the earthquake to occur can be shown as
[tex]X\sim exp(\frac{1}{3})[/tex]
And since it is a poisson distribution as mentioned, the waiting time is always exponential.
Now the probability of the next earthquake that will occur after three but before seven months is
[tex]P(3<X<7)=\int_{3}^{7}(\frac{1}{3})e^{-\frac{x}{3}}.dx[/tex]
= [tex]e^{-\frac{3}{3}}-e^{-\frac{7}{3}}[/tex]
= 0.2709
∴ The probability of ht waiting time is 0.2709
Probability calculations for earthquake occurrences over specific time frames.
The probability that the next earthquake occurs within the next three months: Since the average occurrence rate is every three months, this probability is the same as the average rate, which is 1. Therefore, the probability is 1. Given that six months have passed without an earthquake in Papua New Guinea, the probability that the next three months will be free of earthquakes: Since it has been six months without an earthquake, the probability of no earthquake in the next three months would also be 1.
In August 2012, tropical storm Isaac formed in the Caribbean and was headed for the Gulf of Mexico. There was an initial probability of .69 that Isaac would become a hurricane by the time it reached the Gulf of Mexico (National Hurricane Center website, August 21, 2012).
What was the probability that Isaac would not become a hurricane but remain a tropical storm when it reached the Gulf of Mexico?
Answer:
The answer is .31
Explanation:
The initial probability that tropical storm Isaac would become a hurricane was 0.69. We denote this event by A.
The probability that Isaac would not become a hurricane is the complement of event A, we denote the complement by Ac.
There are three probability axioms called Kolmogorov's axioms and from those axioms, we can deduce some useful rules for calculating probabilities.
This is one of them:
The probability of an event's complement (or the probability that the event will not happen) is 1 minus the probability that it will.
P(Ac)= 1- P(A)
P(Ac)= 1-0.69= 0.31
Why has only a small portion of the ocean bottom been mapped?
because the bottom of the ocean is basically unreachable without the right equipment.
Final answer:
The ocean bottom has only been minimally mapped because of the high pressure, dark, and cold conditions requiring special technology, and due to the limitations and low resolution of historical and current mapping techniques like ship-based echo sounders and satellite altimetry.
Explanation:
Only a small portion of the ocean bottom has been mapped due to the challenging conditions and limitations of mapping technology. The deep ocean poses significant challenges such as high pressure, total darkness, and extreme cold, which require specialized vehicles for exploration. Historical methods such as weighted lines for depth measurement were very slow, while modern techniques like satellite altimetry and ship-based echo sounders have improved the situation. Satellite altimetry measures sea surface height, which varies due to underwater features, to infer the ocean's topography. However, ship-based echo sounders have poor resolution in regions seldom visited by ships. The development of technology for studying oceanic bathymetry is ongoing, and vast areas remain unexplored.
Movement within a glacier is plastic and __________:
a)Fastest in the middle
b)Fastest at the base
c)Fastest at the top
d) Consistent throughout
e) None of the above
Answer:
c) Fastest at the top
Explanation:
The glacier is a large mass of ice, moving slowly down a slope as a compact unit. While in general it can be said that the whole glacier moves as one, not all parts of it move with the same speed. The bottom part of the glacier is moving the slowest, which is a result of the friction between the ice and rocks at the valley and walls. The central part tends to move slightly faster as it is avoiding the friction with the rocks, while the top part tends to be the fastest as it has the least pressure on it, so its movement is the easiest.
16. A research satellite of mass 200 kg circles the earth in arn orbit of average radiuswhere R is the radius of earth. Assuming the gravitational pull on a mass of 1 kg on the earth's surface to be 10 N, the pull on the satellite will be (a) 880 N (c) 885 N 2 (b) 889 N (d) 892 N
Answer:
b) 889 N
Explanation:
We know g = [tex]\frac{10 N}{1 Kg}[/tex]
= 10 m/[tex]s^{2}[/tex]
Now we know, g' = [tex]g\times \frac{R^{2}}{r^{2}}[/tex]
= [tex]10\times \frac{R^{2}}{\frac{3R}{2}^{2}}[/tex]
= 40 / 9
Therefore, pull on the satellite will be = Mg'
= 200 x 40 / 9
= 888.88 N
= 889 N
Pull on the satellite is 889 N
1. Can a rock that has undergone metamorphism turn into a sedimentary rock? If so, how? If not, why not?
2. By what process does hot molten magma become rock?
3. Carbonate rocks found in the Colorado Rocky Mountains imply what type of deposition environment?
4. In what section(s) of the rock cycle are gemstones formed? Support your answer?
5. The Big Island of Hawaii is 1 Million years old, yet hikers thare almost never step on rock taht is more than 1 thousand years old. Explain.
1. Yes
The sedimentary rocks are the rocks that form the last, and they form from a parent material from the igneous and metamorphic rocks. When we have a metamorphic rock, it means that we have a rock that has formed deeper into the ground, when it has been exposed to higher temperatures and pressure. Over time though, with the geological activities, this metamorphic rock can be pushed on the surface. Once this happens, the metamorphic rock will be exposed to erosion and weathering, thus it will start to get broken apart, and sediments will form from it. If the conditions are right, then those sediments can merge back together, to create a softer, new type of rock, a sedimentary rock.
2. Crystallization
The hot molten magma is the one that forms the igneous rocks, which are the basis for the formation of the other two types of rocks, the metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. In order for the magma to become rock, in needs to cool off, and this happens both on the surface and inside the crust. As the magma cools off, it starts to undergo a process of crystallization, which basically means that it solidifies and crystals are formed. Depending on the location of the crystallization, as well as the speed of it, different types of igneous rocks can be formed.
3. warm and humid
The carbonate rocks are rocks that are very high in carbon content. This type of rocks forms when there has been very large depositions of biomass, mostly by wood, which managed to merge with sediments, and under particular temperature and pressure created a rock. The carbonate rocks can be found exclusively on places that have had warm and humid climate in the past, as the enormous amounts of wooden mass required for this rocks to form can only be found in places like that, as well as the proper conditions that the wooden mass is quickly covered with mud from the outside influences.
4. In all sections of the rock cycle
The gemstones are a group of rocks that can be igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary. There is a very big variety among them, and that is largely attributed to the fact that these rocks form in the mantle, deep into the crust, close to the surface, and on the surface. It is not just that these rocks have very big variety, but they also differ a lot in which section of the rock cycle do they form, as they can form in pretty much every section of the rock cycle, depending on the type of gemstone. In the gemstone category we have the diamond, quartz, opal, ruby, sapphire etc.
5. Even though the Big Island of Hawaii is one million years old, it is almost impossible to set foot on rocks of that age, but in general the rocks on the surface are not older than 1,000 years. The main reason for this is that the island has an active volcano. Not just that the volcano is active, but it is also a type of volcano that has calm eruptions with enormous amounts of lava flows. The lava flows constantly cover the rocks that already existed, and as it cools of and crystallizes, it forms a new layer of rocks. This process has been going on continuously, so the rocks on the surface tend to be very young because they are formed from the more recent lava flows.
A metamorphic rock can become sedimentary rock through weathering, erosion, and compaction. Magma transforms into rock by cooling and crystallization processes. Carbonate rocks in the Colorado Rockies indicate an ancient marine environment, and gemstones form during igneous and metamorphic stages of the rock cycle. Hawaii's geological youth is due to its ongoing volcanic activity.
Explanation:Yes, a rock that has undergone metamorphism can turn into a sedimentary rock. This transformation occurs when metamorphic rock is exposed to the Earth's surface, where it is broken down through weathering and erosion into small particles. These particles can then be transported, deposited, and compacted over time to form new layers of sedimentary rock.
Magma becomes rock through the process of cooling and crystallization. When hot molten magma cools slowly beneath the Earth's surface, it forms intrusive igneous rock. When it erupts to the surface, it cools rapidly and forms extrusive igneous rock.
The presence of carbonate rocks in the Colorado Rocky Mountains implies a marine environment where these sediments were deposited in ancient seas that once covered the area.
Gemstones can be formed in various sections of the rock cycle, most notably during the formation of igneous and metamorphic rocks due to the high pressures and temperatures needed for gemstone formation.
The Big Island of Hawaii showcases relatively young rocks because it is still geologically active with frequent volcanic eruptions that create new land surfaces, burying older rock layers and continuously refreshing the geological landscape.
Approximately how long ago was the solar energy we see today produced by fusion?
A) 8 minutes
B) 30 days
C) 100 years
D)105 years
Answer:
B) 30 days
Explanation:
30 days ago was the solar energy we see today produced by fusion.
30 days the solar energy we see today produced by fusion.
Explain 3 reasons why death has a functional purpose from an ecological and systematic point of view.
Answer:
death allows for bacteria and fungus to grow on them, these are called decomposers.
They break down dead animals and plants and return vital nutrients to the soil.
Explanation:
Final answer:
Death has a functional purpose ecologically and systematically by redistributing resources, enhancing inclusive fitness and evolutionary benefits, and influencing societal and cultural evolution.
Explanation:
From an ecological and systematic perspective, death serves a functional purpose for numerous reasons. Here we explore three pivotal ones:
Resource Redistribution: Death allows for the release and redistribution of resources. When an organism dies, its body decomposes, enriching the soil with nutrients that support the growth of plants and provide food for a vast array of organisms. This process supports biodiversity and ecological balance.
Inclusive Fitness and Evolutionary Benefit: Certain species exhibit altruistic behaviors that include the death of one organism for the greater good of its genetic relatives. This concept, known as inclusive fitness, promotes the survival of related individuals, potentially increasing the frequency of shared genes within a population. Such self-sacrificial behavior can be viewed as contributing to the overall fitness of a species.
Societal and Cultural Evolution: Death plays a significant role in human societies by influencing cultural practices, religious beliefs, and social structures. It creates opportunities for individuals to pursue wealth and status, especially evident in rituals like funerals. These practices and beliefs surrounding death can encourage societal cohesion and cultural evolution.
These functional aspects of death in nature demonstrate its integral role in maintaining the balance and progression of life across different levels, from ecological systems to human societies.
Are there some cases where snow-free land and ocean surfaces seem to have similar albedos? If so, where, and what does the land surface most likely consist of in such cases?
Answer:
Explained
Explanation:
The Ocean surfaces have very low albedo because they reflect majority of radiations. Similar to ocean surfaces Forests also have low albedo( snow free surfaces)
The forest plants absorb the excess of radiations, ultraviolet rays for their Photosynthesis. And hence, lesser radiations are able to reach to the surface.
Of the different kind of forest cover The coniferous Forest the Albedo Similar to that the oceans 0.08-0.15 % in the summer.
Coniferous in the temperate region 50 degree North to 60 degree north in North America.
The microbial organisms that cause food to spoil are generally the same that cause food borne disease A. True B. False
Answer: True
Explanation: There are some microorganism tend to spoil the food and produce the bad odor, spoilage etc in the food which may lead to disease like food borne disease.This disease leads to the serious health conditions or sometimes death.Example of such bacteria are-Serratia, Lactobacillus etc. These microbial organism infect the food and thus lead to food borne disease . So,the statement given is true.
Question 7 5 pts The role of visual observers (VOs) is to alert the rest of the crew about potential hazards during SUAS operations. False O True
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The role of visual observers (VOs) is to alert the rest of the crew about potential hazards during SUAS operations.
the world wide system of water that transfers warm water from the equator toward the cooler high latitudes is called ?
Answer:
thermohaline circulation
Explanation:
The system that transfer hot water from equator to cooler high latitudes are known as thermohaline circulation. thermohaline circulation causes ocean circulation because of global density gradients which is produced by surface heating. the cause of global density gradients is more heat on the surface.
When was the last big earthquake along the main fault?
he total number of species living in a particular area is referred to as its O biosphere O biome O biotic O biodiversity
Answer:
The total number of species living in a particular area is referred to as its Biodiversity .
Explanation:
Biodiversity -
Biodiversity is defined as the variability and the variety of life existing on the planet Earth . Biodiversity measures the variation in the species , genetics and the ecology of the Planet . In the terrestrial level , the biodiversity is greater near the equator , due to warmer climate and higher level in production .
The biodiversity is not uniformly distributed on the planet , and is basically richer in the tropical region . Less than 10 percent of the Earth's surface is covered by the tropical forest ecosystems and contains around 90 percent of the world's species .
The diversity of marine life is higher near the Western pacific and in the mid latitude band , where the sea surface temperature is highest .
Anderson's model role if a factor, family, and community
Answer:
thanks
Explanation:
Final answer:
Anderson's ecological onion model emphasizes the importance of family and community actors in effecting change within societal systems, highlighting the significant role they play in individual development and the implementation of successful community programs that address issues like girls' empowerment.
Explanation:
Anderson's Ecological Onion Model and the Role of Family and Community
Anderson's model, often referred to as the ecological or onion model, is a framework for understanding how different societal systems impact individuals, such as girls in Senegal. This model suggests that to effectively promote change, family and community actors must be actively involved. Family and community are seen as critical to a person's development and socialization, influencing their views on religion, work, education, and overall behavior. Moreover, family roles and community involvement are fundamental in programs supporting girls' development, particularly in non-Western contexts where extended family networks are stronger and grandmothers, for example, play a significant role in child-rearing.
Interactionism adds another layer to understanding family dynamics, suggesting that familial roles such as the 'good father' are socially constructed and subject to change over time. Previously, a good father was seen primarily as a financial provider, but now the role includes the emotional and intellectual development of the children. This approach indicates the variability of family roles and their interpretation within societal norms.
Program designers must consider the familial and communal structures when targeting areas such as girls' education, health, and empowerment. Effective community programs employ an asset-based approach, respect cultural roles, and utilize adult education methods that promote critical reflection among community actors rather than coercion. Considering the various decision-making participants within the family and community is crucial for the success of development programs intended to improve the well-being of individuals within these systems.
Why do an overwhelming majority of scientist believe the current warming of the planet is because of human activity? Do you agree or disagree with this? Support your position with at least 3 forms of evidence from what you have learned in this lesson
The majority of the scientists believe that the humans are responsible in big portion of the global warming . The main reasons for this are the changes in the atmosphere because of the human activities, as well as the correspondence of the rise of the global temperatures with the development of the industry. Taking all things into account, it seems that the humans have effect on the global climate, and because of the enormous amount of greenhouse gasses that are released into the atmosphere, the temperatures are gradually rising. On the other hand, the global warming is also a natural process, so the major factors are still natural, not the human activity as it is often propagated, but the human activities are small portion that adds on the natural process. Evidence about this are the geologic records which show that the climate has been warming up naturally numerous times, the melting of the ice sheets are also good evidence about the warming of the climate, as well as the changing patterns of the climate across the globe.