which was least likely to have been a component of earths atmosphere before life began?
oxygen
water vapor
carbon dioxide
sulfur
Answer:
oxygen
Explanation:
Earth's early atmosphere before life began was devoid of oxygen. Intense volcanic activity occurred for around a billion years and the earth's surface was in molten state. When it started to cool early atmosphere was formed from the gases emitted by volcano. It contained carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen sulphide, ammonia and small amounts of water vapor. But this atmosphere had no trace of oxygen.
The water vapor condensed and formed oceans. Photosynthesis by early plants finally released oxygen which became a part of atmosphere. Carbon dioxide was also used up in various cell processes and trapped in rocks and fossil fuels which decreased its share in atmosphere.
A client has received a diagnosis of portal hypertension. what does portal hypertension treatment aim to reduce? select all that apply.
This symbiotic relationship provides support for the theory of endosymbiosis, which states that A) animal-like cells evolved from ancestors that were photosynthetic. B) mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from small prokaryotes living within larger cells. C) photosynthetic organisms, like today's land plants, evolved from photosynthetic bacteria. D) heterotrophic organisms could not have evolved before the evolution of photosynthetic organisms.
Chloroplasts and mitochondria developed from tiny prokaryotes that lived inside larger cells. The best choice is B.
What are chloroplasts and mitochondria?The idea that organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from small prokaryotic cells that were engulfed by larger host cells is supported by the statement that "Mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from little prokaryotes living within larger cells."
Both chloroplasts and mitochondria provide metabolic energy, have independent genetic systems, originated through endosymbiosis, and multiply through division. Compared to mitochondria, chloroplasts are bigger and more complex, and in addition to producing ATP, they also carry out a number of other vital functions.
The host cell benefited from the prokaryote's capacity for energy production (in the case of mitochondria) or photosynthetic capacity (in the case of chloroplasts), while the prokaryote benefited from the host cell's resources and protection.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
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A client in the intensive care unit (icu) is on a dobutamine drip. during an assessment the client states, "i was feeling better but now my chest is tight and i feel like my heart is skipping." physical assessment reveals a heart rate of 110 beats per minute and blood pressure of 160/98 mm hg. what is the nurse's immediate concern for this client
in the late 1950's a woman named velma b. johnston, nicknamed _____, petitioned congress to stop the cruel treatment of the wild burros and horses,
The parents of a school-aged child with cystic fibrosis tell the nurse that they have changed to natural pancreatic enzymes because of money issues. what is an appropriate response by the nurse?
The Atlantic Ocean gets about 3-5 ______ wider each year.
3 to 5 centimeters per year is a good average to use for the Atlantic Ocean. Spreading in the Pacific is faster.
Gel electrophoresis separates dna fragments according to their ________.
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments according to their size. Nucleic acids are loaded into a gel matrix and an electric field moves them, with smaller fragments moving faster than larger ones, creating separation.
Explanation:Gel electrophoresis is a technique commonly used to separate biological molecules, particularly DNA fragments, based on their size. The process involves loading nucleic acids into a slot near the gel's negative electrode. Due to the negative charge of nucleic acids at neutral or basic pH in an aqueous environment, an electric field can mobilize them towards the positive electrode at the opposite end of the gel.
Size separation occurs due to the gel's porous matrix: smaller fragments move faster through the pores than larger ones, thus, creating a separation. This concept is visually manifested on the gel as bands at specific distances from the top, with each band representing DNA fragments of a particular size. A mixture of fragments varying in size may appear as a long smear, while uncut genomic DNA is often too large to run through the gel, creating a single large band at the top of the gel.
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explain why the risk factors for heart disease and strokes are similar
Why does increased global movement of people increase the risk for pandemic flu? A-It decreases the population densities of urban areas.
B-It increases the transmission of flu between countries.
C- It decreases the responsiveness of national government.
D- It increases the evolution of treatment resistant flu virus.
7. carbon dioxide is a colorless odorless gas why is it considered a pollutant?
A. it gets into natural waters and kills fish
B. it promotes algal growths in natural waters
C. it causes respiratory illness in humans
D. it increases the warming of the atmosphere
Because D, it warms the atmosphere and pokes holes in the ozone layer.
Suppose that you set up a potometer with a bean seedling that is badly wilted. its leaves are wrinkled and drooping. over the course of 30 minutes you observe that the leaves expand and return to an erect state. you also record a drop of 0.54 ml in the pipet of the potometer. is this an accurate measure of the amount of water transpired by the seedling? explain your answer.
You are a marine biologist. what is the best way for you to follow reproducing corals? you are a marine biologist. what is the best way for you to follow reproducing corals? as spring progresses, move east. as spring progresses, move north. as spring progresses, move west. as spring progresses, move south.
The answer is ‘As spring progresses, move north’. Corals are known to release their eggs and sperms in a synchronized fashion. The eggs are then carried by an underwater ‘blizzard’ (current) that increases the chances of fertilization of the eggs by the sperms. The underwater blizzards occur regularly in cycles such as during lunar cycles, certain times of the year, tides and water temperatures.
The most plentiful source(s) of potential energy in the body is/are ____________
The most plentiful source of energy present in the body is Fat.
Explanation:
The body requires nutrient and energy in the form of Fat, Proteins and carbohydrates also known as the macro nutrient. Fats are the one which enables the metabolic function of the body.
Fats are of two types. Saturated Fat and unsaturated fat. Saturated fatty acids are not good as it is stored in the solid form and unsaturated fatty acids are good as stored in a liquid form. Fats are rich in energy which helps the body to protect it’s organs and provides energy for the smooth functioning of the system .
Final answer:
The most plentiful sources of potential energy in the body are the chemical potential energy stored in fat cells and carbohydrates, with glucose being a key immediate source and fats providing long-term energy storage. These sources are oxidized to release energy for the body to use.
Explanation:
The most plentiful sources of potential energy in the body are the chemical potential energy stored in the macromolecules, especially fat cells, carbohydrates, and proteins. While carbohydrates are the body's most readily available source of energy, fats store a larger amount of energy for long-term use. During metabolic processes, these substances undergo oxidation, releasing energy that is converted from potential to kinetic energy, which is used for various functions such as muscle contraction, neurotransmission, and synthesis of molecules.
Glucose is a form of carbohydrate that is especially important, as it is broken down into energy quickly through the process of glycolysis to form ATP, which is used immediately by the body's cells for energy. Conversely, the fat stored in adipose tissue can be broken down into fatty acids and glycerol, which are then used for energy during periods of fasting or intense physical activity.
Although sound energy from footsteps or energy given by a wind blowing at your back are examples of energy transfer, they are not sources of potential energy within the body. The true potential energy, as seen in the biological energy context, lies within the chemical bonds of food molecules and body tissues.
What are the four different type of bases in DNA and how do they pair
Does an earthworm have an open or closed circulatory system explain
Earthworms have a closed circulatory system.
In a closed circulatory system, blood is contained within vessels and pumped by the heart through the body, allowing for efficient distribution of oxygen and nutrients to tissues and the removal of metabolic wastes. Earthworms have a network of blood vessels called capillaries that exchange gases, nutrients, and wastes with surrounding tissues. The blood is pumped by a series of muscular vessels called aortic arches. This closed system helps maintain blood pressure and allows for more efficient oxygen delivery compared to an open circulatory system, where blood bathes the tissues directly.
Waves break on a beach due to:
1 turbulence near the shoreline
2 reducing depth of water near beach
3 increasing wavelength near beach
Answer:
The answer choice to the statement: Waves break on a beach due to:___ would be: 2. Reducing depth of water near the beach.
Explanation:
The reason why a wave ends its forward momentum as it reaches land, has to do with the amount of space between the ocean floor that starts diminishing and the water that is moving forward. As land starts to become an obstacle for the speed of motion of the water that was coming in, the more land the incoming water encounters, the slower its motion, until suddenly, the motion stops. This is called the breaking of the waves, and it stops water from moving inland further than it has to. This will change if the ratio of water vs land obstacle is overcome, as is the case of a high tide.
Answer:
It would be number 2
Explanation:
The respiratory exchange ratio (rer) is a way of determining the body's metabolism of:
Solar cells have many advantages. what is not one of these?
Explain how you and a friend could be exposed to the same microbes and only one of you becomes sick.
One is probably because your friend has a stronger immune system than you and is able t fight the bacteria infection. The other is probably that your friend is also infected but does not show any symptoms of the infection, in what is referred to as latent infection. The bacteria enters a lysogenic cycle in your friend’s body rather than the more virulent lytic cycle (that happens to you).
Which diuretic remains effective when creatinine clearance drops below 25 ml/min?
We can tell from their structure that fatty acids are a good source of energy because of:
What are some problems that can occur from an altered gene that makes hemoglobin?
The most common is the development of sickle cell anemia. This is as a result of a mutation in the hemoglobin gene that affects the beta polypeptide chain of the protein. This reduces HB’s affinity to oxygen. Other problems include Thalassaemia, Porphyria, and Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.
Answer:
what he said^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Explanation:
According to the cladogram, which characteristic was used to separate bony fish from amphibians?
A. jaws
B. cartilage
C. bony skeleton
D. lungs
Answer:
(D). lungs
Explanation:
Cladograms are diagrams that show cladistic relationship between organisms of different species on the basis of their characteristics. The cladograms may include characteristics to make two organisms different from each other.
In given cladogram, characteristic that separates bony fish from amphibians is 'lungs', as lungs are absent in bony fishes, while present in amphibians.
Thus, the correct answer is option (D).
Answer:
(D) . Lungs
Explanation : look above
1.
Viruses (1 point)
have large central nuclei.
vary greatly in size and structure.
rarely contain DNA or RNA.
can be seen with a basic compound light microscope.
Answer:
Answer is B.
Explanation:
In the initial period of learning, ________ describes when an organism learns to connect a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus. acquisition conditioning extinction neutral stimulate
Answer:
Option A, Acquisition
Explanation:
The first stage of learning is known as acquisition. It causes establishment of responses by pairing of Neutral stimulus, conditioning and un-conditioning stimulus. Once the association between a neutral stimulus and conditioned stimulus is established, the responses are acquired.
For example – If a bird is trained to pick a key whenever there is a sound of a bell, then after certain period of time an association will be established between the “ringing of bell” and “picking up of key” activity. Therefore, whenever the bird will hear the ringing sound it will search for key to be picked.
Thus, option A is correct.
In the initial period of learning acquisition helps an organism to learn to connect a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus.
Further Explanation:
Stimulus is anything that induces any particular working reaction in an organ or the tissue.
An unconditioned stimulus elicits the unlearned response and an unconditioned response is the naturally occurring response
Classical conditioning is a kind of learning wherein a subject starts to respond to neutral stimulus as it would do to another stimulus by learning the way to connect the two stimuli
Acquisition can be defined as the duration of learning in Classical conditioning where human or any other animal starts to link a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus which allows the neutral stimulus to start exhibiting the conditioned response.
Extinction can be defined as the progressive weakening and eventually fading of the conditioned response.
Neutral stimulus can be defined as the stimulus which before conditioning do not produce any specific response.
Conditioned stimulus are the neutral stimulus that starts eliciting a conditioned response once it pairs with an unconditioned stimulus.
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Answer Details:
Grade: College biology
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Learning and memory
Keywords:
Stimulus, organ, tissue, unconditioned stimulus, acquisition, animal, neutral stimulus, conditioned response, extinction.
What compound is produced during regeneration?
An object will absorb all colors of light except for the color that it appears to be.
*Pleeeeaaaase*
The partial pressure of oxygen inside the lung (alveolar air) is usually _________ kPa and the partial pressure of oxygen in the adjacent pulmonary blood is ________ kPa.
Answer:
104 mm Hg 100 mm Hg
Explanation:
The ______ structure is a single virus unit, including the genetic material and capsid. envelope virion lysogenic icosohedral
Answer:
virion
Explanation: