The surface temperature on Venus may approach 757 K. What is this temperature in degrees Celsius? 757 K = The temperature on Mercury may drop to -261 °F at night. What is this temperature in degrees Celsius? -261 °F =

Answer:

Chemical property is defined as the property of a substance which is observed during a reaction where the chemical composition identity of the substance gets changed. [tex]H_2+\frac{1}{2}O_2\rightarrow H_2O[/tex]

Example: 1. reactivity of substances

2. Toxicity of substances

Physical property is defined as the property which can be measured and whose value describes the state of physical system. For Example: State, density etc. [tex]H_2O(s)\rightarrow H_2O(l)[/tex]

Example: 1. Melting Point

2. Density

Final answer:

Physical properties describe the characteristics of matter that can be observed or measured without changing its identity, while chemical properties describe how matter changes its chemical structure or composition.

Explanation:

Physical properties are characteristics that describe matter, such as size, shape, color, and mass, that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter. Examples of physical properties include the melting point of ice and the boiling point of water. Chemical properties, on the other hand, describe how matter changes its chemical structure or composition. Examples of chemical properties include flammability, reactivity, and the ability to undergo oxidation. For instance, the ability of gasoline to burn is a chemical property.

Answer:

The concentration of the solution in molarity is 4.45*10^-6M

The concentration of the solution in ppm is 1.88

Explanation:

First of all we have to find out how many mols are 0.000333 g of fluorescein. We would use the molar mass of it.

So 0.000333g / 332.32 g/m = 1.002*10^-6 moles

This moles are in 225 ml of ethanol. Molarity as you should know are moles of solute in 1 L of solution (either 1000 ml)

225 ml ______ 1.002*10^-6 moles

1000 ml _____ x    x = (1000*1.002*10^-6) /225 = 4.45*10^-6M

The ppm means mg of solute that are in 1 kg of solvent.

Let's consider density of ethanol to get the mass.

d = m/v

0.785 g/ml = m/225 ml

0.785 g/ml . 225 ml = m

176.625 g = m

Now, let's convert

0.000333 g *1000 = 0.333 mg

176.625g / 1000 = 0.176625 kg

0.333/0.176625 = 1.88 ppm

Answer:

The composition of the original mixture in molepercent is 80% of H₂ and 20% of O₂.

Explanation:

We need to combine the ideal gas law (PV = nRT) and Dalton's law of partial pressure (Pt = Pa +Pb +Pc+...).

The total pressure of the mixture is Pt = P (H₂) + P (O₂)

The number of moles can be found by Pt = nt RT/V, in which nt = n (H₂) +n (O₂).

If Pt is 1 atm, nt is 1.0 mol.

Now we need to consider the chemical reaction below:

H₂ + 0.5O₂ → H₂O

This shows that for each mol of O₂ we need two mol of H₂.

We know that the remaining gas is pure hydrogen and that its pressure is 0.4atm. Since PV = nRT, by the end of the reaction, 0.4 mol of H₂ remains in the system.

This means that in the beginning we have n mol of H₂, and when x mol of H₂ reacts with 0,5x mol of O₂, 0.4 mol of H₂ reamains.

If we have 1 mol in the begining and 0.4 mol in the end, the total amount of gas that reacted (x + 0.5X) is equal to 0.6 mol

x + 0.5X = 0.6 mol ∴ x = 0.6 mol / 1.5 ∴ x = 0.4 mol

0.4 mol of H₂ reacted with 0.2 mol of O₂ and 0.4 mol of H₂ remained as excess.

Therefore, in the beginning we had 0.8 mol of H₂ and 0.2 mol of O₂. Thus the molepercent of the mixture is 80% of H₂ and 20% of O₂.

Explanation:

Density of a substance is given by the mass of the substance divided by the volume of the substance .

Hence , d = m / V

V = volume

m = mass ,  

d = density ,

From the question , The density of ethylene glycol = 1.11 g / cm³

The unit  1 cm³ = 1 mL

Hence , density = 1.11 g / mL

( a )

The volume of ethylene glycol = 376 mL

The mass of ethylene glycol can be calculated by using the above formula -

d = m / V

m = d * V

m = 1.11 g / mL * 376 mL

m = 417.36 g

( b )

The mass of ethylene glycol = 3.10 Kg

( since , 1 Kg = 1000 g )

The mass of ethylene glycol = 3.10 Kg = 3.10 * 1000 = 3100 g

The Volume of ethylene glycol can be calculated by using the above formula -

d = m / V

V = m / d

V = 3100 g / 1.11 g / mL

V =  2792.79 mL = 2.79279 L

( since , 1 ml = 1/1000 L )

Answer : The de Broglie wavelength will be [tex]3.68\times 10^{-33}m[/tex]

Solution :

The formula used for de Broglie wavelength is:

[tex]\lambda=\frac{h}{mv}[/tex] ..........(1)

where,

[tex]\lambda[/tex] = wavelength  = ?

h = Planck's constant  = [tex]6.626\times 10^{-34}Js[/tex]

m = mass  = 1.2 g = 0.0012 kg

Conversion used : 1 kg = 1000 g

v = velocity  = 150 m/s

Now put all the given values in equation 1, we get:

[tex]\lambda=\frac{6.626\times 10^{-34}Js}{(0.0012kg)\times (150m/s)}[/tex]

[tex]\lambda=3.68\times 10^{-33}m[/tex]

Therefore, the de Broglie wavelength will be [tex]3.68\times 10^{-33}m[/tex]

Answer:

The system is spontaneous in the reverse direction

Explanation:

According the equation of Gibb's free energy -

∆G = ∆H -T∆S  

∆G = is the change in gibb's free energy

∆H = is the change in enthalpy

T = temperature  

∆S = is the change in entropy .

And , the sign of the  ΔG , determines whether the reaction is Spontaneous or non Spontaneous or at equilibrium ,  

i.e. ,  

if  

ΔG < 0 , the reaction is Spontaneous

ΔG > 0 , the reaction is non Spontaneous

ΔG = 0 , the reaction is at equilibrium

from the question ,

∆H = 81.95 kJ/mol

( since , 1 KJ = 1000 J )

∆H = 81950 J/mol

∆S =  27.0 J/(mol-K)

The ∆G is calculated from the above formula -

∆G = ∆H -T∆S  

∆G = (81950 J/mol) - [(298 K) x ( 27.0 J/(mol·K))]

∆G = (81950 J/mol) - (8046 J/mol)

∆G = 73904 J/mol

∆G = 73.904 kJ/mol

Since ΔG > 0 , the system is non spontaneous in the forward direction and hence it will be spontaneous in the reverse direction .

Final answer:

To calculate the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) at 298 K, use the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS. With the provided values, the calculation shows ΔG to be 73.904 kJ/mol, indicating that the reaction is not spontaneous at 298 K and is spontaneous in the reverse direction.

Explanation:

To calculate the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) for the reaction at 298 K, we use the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS. Plugging in the values, we get ΔG = 81.95 kJ/mol - (298 K)(27.0 J/(mol·K)). To get the units consistent, we convert 27.0 J to kJ by dividing by 1000, giving us 0.027 kJ/(mol·K). The calculation now is ΔG = 81.95 kJ/mol - (298 K)(0.027 kJ/(mol·K)), which equals ΔG = 81.95 kJ/mol - 8.046 kJ/mol, resulting in a ΔG of 73.904 kJ/mol.

Since the value of ΔG is positive, the reaction is not spontaneous at 298 K and would be spontaneous in the reverse direction under standard conditions.

Answer:

Reaction products are shown below

Explanation:

In the Cannizzaro reaction of benzaldehyde, the internal reduction product is an alcohol.

The internal reduction product in the Cannizzaro reaction of benzaldehyde is an alcohol. During the reaction, benzaldehyde undergoes disproportionation in the presence of a strong base like KOH, resulting in the formation of an oxidized carboxylic acid and a reduced alcohol product.

In the Cannizzaro reaction of benzaldehyde, the internal reduction product is an alcohol.

The internal reduction product in the Cannizzaro reaction of benzaldehyde is an alcohol. During the reaction, benzaldehyde undergoes disproportionation in the presence of a strong base like KOH, resulting in the formation of an oxidized carboxylic acid and a reduced alcohol product.

Explanation:

The hybridization of the carbon in which it forms 120° with the other atoms is [tex]sp^2[/tex].

In [tex]sp^2[/tex] hybridized carbon, it forms a geometry of trigonal planar which has angle of 120°. This corresponds to doubly bonded carbon.

To draw:

One carbon-carbon double bond in 4 membered carbon chain.

The structure is shown in image below.

Explanation:

The given data is as follows.

          [tex]M_{1}[/tex] = 10 mM = [tex]10 \times 10^{-3}[/tex] M

          [tex]V_{1}[/tex] = 750 ml,           [tex]V_{2}[/tex] = 5 ml

          [tex]M_{2}[/tex] = ?

Therefore, calculate the molarity of given NaCl stock as follows.

                  [tex]M_{1} \times V_{1} = M_{2} \times V_{2}[/tex]

                  [tex]10 \times 10^{-3} \times 750 ml = M_{2} \times 5 ml[/tex]

                   [tex]M_{2}[/tex] = 1.5 M

Thus, we can conclude that molarity of given NaCl stock is 1.5 M.        

Answer:

1383.34 kJ/mol is  the energy released on combustion of the organic compound.

Explanation:

Mass of an organic compound = 0.6654 g

Molar mass of organic compound = 46.07 g/mol

Moles of an organic compound = [tex]\frac{0.6654 g}{46.07 g/mol}=0.01444 mol[/tex]

Let heat evolved during burning of 0.6654 grams of an organic compound be -Q.

Heat absorbed by calorimeter = Q' = -Q

The total heat capacity of the calorimeter all  its contents = C

C = 3576 J/°C

Change in temperature of the calorimeter =  

ΔT = 30.589°C - 25.000°C = 5.589°C

[tex]Q'=C\times \Delta T[/tex]

[tex]Q'=3576 J/^oC\times 5.589^oC=19,975.536 J=19.975 kJ[/tex]

Q' =  19.975 kJ

Q = -19.975 kJ (negative sign; energy released)

0.01444 moles of an organic compound gives 19.975 kilo Joule.

The 1 mole of an organic compound will give : [tex]\Delta H_{comb}[/tex]

[tex]\Delta H_{comb}=\frac{-19.975 kilo Joule}{0.01444 mol}[/tex]

[tex]=-1383.34 kJ/mol[/tex]

Answer:

12 g of Zinc Oxide are needed.

Explanation:

First, let's take a look at what % w/w means. This is a way to represent concentration of a compound, zinc oxide in this case, and it means: grams of zinc oxide, per 100 grams of solution (or ointment in this case). So, for this particular ointment we have 1 g of Zinc Oxide present per 100 g of the ointment.

Now, we want to prepare 400 g of a 4 %w/w ointment from the 1 %w/w ointment and adding solid zinc oxide. Let's see how many grams of zinc oxide would be present in these 400 g of a 4 %w/w ointment:

4 %w/w = 100 g of ointment ----- 4 g of zinc oxide

                400 g of ointment ---- x = (400 g × 4 g)/ 100 g = 16 g of zinc oxide

Our base ointment has only 1 g of zinc oxide per 100 g of product, so in 400 g of product we would have 4 g of compound. Therefore, we would need to add 12 g of zinc oxide (16 g needed - 4 g we already have) to 400 g of base ointment so that, when dissolved, the resulting ointment would have 16 g total of zinc oxide, or what is the same as seen before, 4 % w/w ointment.

Explanation:

Let us take the volume of block is x.

Since, the block is floating this means that it is in equilibrium. Formula to calculate net force will be as follows.

                [tex]F_{net} = Buoyancy force(F_{b}) - weight force(w)[/tex]

Also, buoyancy force [tex](F_{b})[/tex] = (volume submerged in water × density of water) + (volume in oil × density of oil)

          [tex](F_{b})[/tex] = [tex](0.592 V \times \rho) + (1 - 0.592)V \times 1000 g[/tex]          

                      = [tex](0.592 V \times \rho + 408 V)[/tex] g

As,   W = V × density of graphite × g

It is given that density of graphite is [tex]2.16 g/cm^{3}[/tex] or 2160 [tex]kg/m^{3}[/tex].

So, W = 2160 V g

[tex]F_{net}[/tex] = (0.592 V \rho + 408 V) g - 2160 V g = 0

            [tex]0.592 \rho[/tex] = 1752

     [tex]\rho[/tex] = 2959.46 [tex]kg/m^{3}[/tex] or 2.959 [tex]g/cm^{3}[/tex] is the density of oil.

It is given that mass of flask is 124.8 g.

Mass of 35.3 [tex]cm^{3}[/tex] oil = [tex]35.3 \times 2.959[/tex] 104.7 g

Hence, in second weighing total mass will be calculated as follows.

                       (124.8 + 104.7) g

                       = 229.27 g

Thus, we can conclude that in the second weighing mass is 229.27 g.

Without the density of the lubricating oil, the second weight of the flask after adding the oil cannot be precisely calculated. The solution would typically involve using the formula mass = density × volume. The focus here is on understanding the principles of buoyancy and density in physics.

The question involves calculating the new weight of a flask after adding 35.3 cm3 of a heavy lubricating oil to an initially weighed empty flask. The missing piece of information needed to calculate this directly is the density of the heavy lubricating oil.

However, the question hints at a connection to Archimedes' principle and force balance, which suggests a focus on the concept of buoyancy and density for solving problems involving fluids. The detailed calculations would typically require the density of the oil, which directly correlates with the mass addition from the volume introduced (mass = density × volume).

Without the density of the oil, we can't calculate the second weighting precisely. However, understanding that the density of a substance is key to solving such problems is crucial in physics, especially when dealing with buoyancy and the principles outlined by Archimedes.

Answer:

1. Nonmetals tend to gain electrons in reactions.

4. Nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

5. Nonmetals can be found as solids, liquids, or gases.

Non-metals are mostly gases . They tend to gain electrons in reactions. Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

Non-metals are elements in periodic table which are located in the right side. They are extremely different from metals and most them are gases and some in between non-metals are metalloids showing properties intermediate metals and non-metals.

Metals are electropositive elements with peculiar features such as ductility, shiny, good conductivity, malleability etc. Metals lose electrons when they bind with other elements.

Non-metals are almost electronegative and they will gain electrons in reactions to attain stability. They are poor conductors or are insulators and have no physical features such as shining, ductility etc. Thus, options 1 and 4 are correct.

To find more on non-metals, refer here:

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Answer:

- "Newton’s viscosity law’s states that, the shear stress between adjacent fluid layers is proportional to the velocity gradients between the two layers".

- A non-Newtonian fluid is a fluid which the relationship between the shear stress and the velocity gradient is not properly defined by the Newton's viscosity law, thus, the behavior is not lineal but potential.

Explanation:

Hello, here the answers:

- "Newton’s viscosity law’s states that, the shear stress between adjacent fluid layers is proportional to the velocity gradients between the two layers" (taken from Kundu, P. K., Cohen, I. M., & Dowling, D. R. (2012). Fluid mechanics.), thus, it means that when you have a fluid with an acting-on-it share stress (an external force which move the fluid), the related velocity gradient (variation or change in velocity) at which the layers are moving are related as:

[tex]\pi =-v \frac{du}{dy}[/tex]

Whereas [tex]\pi[/tex] is the shear stress, [tex]v[/tex] is the viscosity and the differential accounts for the change in the velocity in the arbitrary [tex]y[/tex] coordinate.

- A non-Newtonian fluid is a fluid which the relationship between the shear stress and the velocity gradient is not properly defined by the Newton's viscosity law, thus, the behavior is not lineal but potential, based on:

[tex]\pi =-v (\frac{du}{dy})^n[/tex]

Whereas [tex]n[/tex] accounts for a decreasing or increasing behavior of the shear stress.

Best regards.

Answer:

C) The same amount of energy

Explanation:

A bomb calorimeter is an equipment used to measure the amount of heat released or absorbed by a chemical reaction. This instrument is hermetic and has thermal insulation, which means that the system doesn't change heat with the surroundings.

So, by the difference of the temperature measured on the system (ΔT), the mass of a solution (m) and the specific heat of water (c) it's possible to calculate the heat in a reaction that occurs in aqueous solution, by the equation below:

Q = mxcxΔT

The heat, or the energy, of the reaction doesn't depend on where the reaction is happening, so the amount of energy measured on the bomb calorimeter will be the same in our body.

Answer:

Rate of reaction is [tex]0.0950M.s^{-1}[/tex]

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

You can drive the production rate of an equilibrium reaction by handling several factors: temperature, reactant concentrations, and product concentrations are the main of those factors.

The thermodynamic variable that tells whether a chemical reaction is spontaneous is the free energy, ΔG:

ΔG is related with ΔG° per the expression:

Where Q represents the ratio between the molar concentration of the products (each raised to its stoichiometric coefficient) and the molar concentrations of the reactants (each raised to its stoichiometric coefficient).

Since, you want to increase your production, means you want to favor the forward reaction and that means that you want to make ΔG more negative.

So, you want to make the term RT lnQ more netative.

Logarithm function of a rational expression gets more negative when the numerator decreases or the denominator increases.

So, you want either reduce the amount of products or increase the amount of reactants, which is given by the options B and C:

Enzymes are a kind of catalyst. In an equilibrium reaction, a catalys speeds up both the forward and reverse reaction rates equally, so the equilibrium concentrations will not change. So, adding an enzyme (choice A) would help if you, continually remove products (B) or increase the concentration of reactants (C).

Adding products to get the reaction primed (D) will not help because that just would drive to the consumption of part of the products to obtain some reactants until reaching the equilibrium.

To produce more of an organic molecule from a reaction with a positive ΔG°, the best methods are to continually remove the reaction products and to increase the concentration of reactants. These approaches apply Le Chatelier's principle to push the reaction toward the formation of the desired product.

The student is asking about how to drive a reaction with a positive ΔG° towards the production of a desired product. There are several strategies to shift the equilibrium of a reaction so that the product formation is favored:

However, adding an enzyme that does not couple to another reaction or adding some products initially to get the reaction primed will not effectively push the reaction towards product formation if the reaction has a positive ΔG°. The best strategies to promote the production of the organic molecule of interest are therefore options B and C - continually remove products and increase the concentration of reactants.

Answer:

The correct answer is: Affluenza

Explanation:

Affluenza refers to the contagious and unhealthy social and psychological effects of the increased uncontrollable desire of wealth and successfulness.

This addiction is characterized by giving high value to the materialistic possessions, wealth, fame and physical and social appearance.

Affluenza results in a condition of consumer debt, over consumption, luxury fever, and wastage and causes anxiety, distress and other psychological disorders.

The unsustainable addiction to overconsumption and materialism is commonly referred to as consumerism.

Consumerism is the socio-economic order that encourages the continual acquisition of goods and services in ever-increasing amounts. It is driven primarily by advertising and societal norms that promote excessive consumption as a measure of success and happiness.

After World War II, economies sought to avoid another depression by encouraging higher levels of consumer spending. This led to the adoption of marketing strategies that emphasized both planned obsolescence (designing products to have a limited lifespan) and perceived obsolescence (making goods seem outdated quickly).

In modern societies, consumerism often gives rise to a sense of identity tied to ownership and the accumulation of material possessions. The idea to 'keep up with the Joneses' becomes a part of one's social fabric, where material wealth equates to success and status.

Answer : The correct answer is, [tex]4.878\times 10^{-4}[/tex]

Explanation :

Scientific notation : It is the representation of expressing the numbers that are too big or too small and are represented in the decimal form with one digit before the decimal point times 10 raise to the power.

For example :

5000 is written as [tex]5.0\times 10^3[/tex]

889.9 is written as [tex]8.899\times 10^{-2}[/tex]

In this examples, 5000 and 889.9 are written in the standard notation and [tex]5.0\times 10^3[/tex]  and [tex]8.899\times 10^{-2}[/tex]  are written in the scientific notation.

[tex]8.89\times 10^{-2}[/tex]  this is written in the scientific notation and the standard notation of this number will be, 0.00889.

If the decimal is shifting to right side, the power of 10 is negative and if the decimal is shifting to left side, the power of 10 is positive.

As we are given the 0.000487750 in standard notation.

Now converting this into scientific notation, we get:

[tex]\Rightarrow 0.000487750=4.878\times 10^{-4}[/tex]

As, the decimal point is shifting to right side, thus the power of 10 is negative.

Hence, the correct answer is, [tex]4.878\times 10^{-4}[/tex]

Explanation:

Molecular formulas show correct and accurate number of each type of the atoms which are present in molecule.

On the other hand, structural formulas show arrangement of atoms and covalent bonds between them.

For example,

The molecular formula for carbon dioxide is [tex]CO_2[/tex]

The structural formula is O = C = O

A molecular formula gives the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound, while a structural formula shows the actual arrangement of atoms and bonding in a molecule.

A molecular formula is a way to represent a compound using the symbols of the elements present and the number of atoms of each element in the compound. It gives the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in the compound. For example, the molecular formula of glucose is C6H12O6, indicating that it contains 6 carbon, 12 hydrogen, and 6 oxygen atoms.

A structural formula shows how the atoms in a molecule are connected to each other. It represents the actual arrangement of the atoms in the compound, including the bonding between them. For example, the structural formula of glucose shows the specific arrangement of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in the molecule.

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Explanation:

It is known that relation between wavelength and frequency is as follows.

                  [tex]\lambda = \frac{c}{\nu}[/tex]

where,        [tex]\lambda[/tex] = wavelength

                       c = speed of light = [tex]3 \times 10^{8} m/s[/tex]

                  [/tex]\nu[/tex] = frequency

It is given that frequency is [tex]7.2 \times 10^{11} s^{-1}[/tex]. Hence, putting this value into the above formula and calculate the wavelength as follows.

                    [tex]\lambda = \frac{c}{\nu}[/tex]

                    [tex]\lambda = \frac{3 \times 10^{8} m/s}{7.2 \times 10^{11} s^{-1}}[/tex]

                             = [tex]0.416 \times 10^{-3} m[/tex]

or,                         = [tex]4.16 \times 10^{-4} m[/tex]

Thus, we can conclude that wavelength of given radiation is [tex]4.16 \times 10^{-4} m[/tex].

Answer:

Rate law: = [tex]k[CS_2]^1[/tex]

Explanation:

Given:

t               [tex][CS_2][/tex]

0.100            [tex]2.7 \times 10^{-7}[/tex]

0.080          [tex]2.2 \times 10^{-7}[/tex]

0.055         [tex]1.5\times 10^{-7}[/tex]

0.044         [tex]1.2\times 10^{-7}[/tex]

Rate law for the given reaction: [tex]k[CS_2]^n[/tex]

Where, n is the order of the reaction.

Divide rate 1 with rate 3

[tex]\frac{0.100}{0.055} =\frac{k[CS_2 (1)]^n}{k[CS_2 (3)]^n} \\\frac{0.100}{0.055} =\frac{k[2.7 \times 10^{-7}]^n}{k[1.5\times 10^{-7}]^n}\\1.81=[1.8]^n\\ n=1[/tex]

So, rate law = [tex]k[CS_2]^1[/tex]

Answer:

[tex]r=-3.73x10^{5}s^{-1} [CS_2][/tex]

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, a linealization helps to choose the rate law for the decomposition of CS₂ as it is generalized via:

[tex]r=-k[CS_2]^{n}[/tex]

Whereas [tex]n[/tex] accounts for the order of reaction, which could be computed by linealizing the given data using the following procedure:

[tex]-ln(r)=ln(k[CS_2]^{n})\\-ln(r)=ln(k)+ln([CS_2]^{n})\\-ln(r)=ln(k)+n*ln([CS_2])[/tex]

Therefore, on the attached picture you will find the graph and the lineal equation wherein the slope is the order of the reaction and the y-axis intercept the natural logarithm of the rate constant. In such a way, the order of reaction is 1 and the rate constant is:

[tex]ln(k)=12.83\\k=exp(12.83)\\k=3.73x10^{5}s^{-1}[/tex]

Best regards.

Answer:

The molarity of HCl is 0.138 M

Explanation:

The titration reaction is as follows:

2HCl + Ca(OH)₂ → CaCl₂ + 2H₂O

When no more HCl is left, the small excess of Ca(OH)₂ added will cause the pH to rise and the indicator will turn. At this point, the number of moles of Ca(OH)₂ added will be the same as half the number of moles of HCl since 1 mol Ca(OH)₂ reacts with 2 moles HCl. Then:

At the endpoint:

moles Ca(OH)₂  = moles HCl / 2

Knowing the number of moles of Ca(OH)₂ added, we can calculate the number of moles of the acid:

mol Ca(OH)₂ = Volume added * concentration of Ca(OH)₂

mol Ca(OH)₂ = 0.0265 l * 0.130 mol/l = 3.45 x 10⁻³ mol Ca(OH)₂

The number of moles of HCl will be:

mol HCl = 2 * 3.45 x 10⁻³ mol = 6.89 x 10⁻³ mol HCl

This number of moles was present in 50.0 ml, then, in 1000 ml:

mol of HCl in 1000 ml = 6.89 x 10⁻³ mol HCl * (1000ml / 50ml) = 0.138 mol

Then:

Molarity HCl = 0.138 M

Answer:

a) The amount of freshwater available as groundwater, lakes and rivers, does not even reach one day the need for consumption for the current global population.  ( t = 5.489 E-13 day )

b) The annual terrestrial precipitation, reaches to sustain the drinking water needs for the current global population

Explanation:

Let P = 7.7 billion people = 7.7 E12 person

∴ water needed for the total population for one day:

⇒ water amount  = 7.7 E12 person * ( 15 L / person. day ) = 1.155 E14 L H2O /day

⇒ water amount = 1.155 E14 L H2O/day * 1 E1 Km² H2O / L H2O = 1.155 E15 Km² H2O/day * ( 365 day / year ) = 4.216 E17 Km²/year

∴ freshwater available:

freshwater = 6.34 E2 Km² H2O

how long will this water sustain the current population?

⇒ t = 6.34 E2 Km² * day / 1.155 E15 Km² = 5.489 E-13 day

this amount of freshwater does not even meet the need of the current global population.

∴ the annual terrestrial precipitation (Py) = 505000 Km³/year..........from literature

⇒ Py = 505000 Km³ H2O/year * ( 1000 m/Km )³ * ( 1000L/m³ )

⇒ Py = 5.05 E17 L H2O/year * ( 1 E1 Km² / L ) = 5.05 E18 Km² H2O/year

⇒ Py > water amount

the annual terrestrial precipitation of water, reaches to sustain the drinking water needs.

Answer:

The work done and heat absorbed are both -8,1 kJ

Explanation:

The work done in an isobaric process is defined as:

W = -P (Vf - Vi)

Where P is pressure ( 10 atm)

Vf = 10 L

Vi = 2 L

Thus, W = -80 atm×L ≡ -8,1 kJ

This is the work done in expansion of the gas.  As the gas remains at the same temperature, there is no change in internal energy doing that all work was absorbed as heat.

I hope it helps!

Answer:

W = 141.333 BTu/h

Explanation:

W = Q ( 1 - TL/TH )......carnot

∴ Q = 106 BTu/h

∴ TH = 600 °F

∴ TL = 70 °F

⇒ W = 160 BTu/h ( 1 - 70/600 )

⇒ W = 141.333 BTu/h

Answer:

1,39 L

Explanation:

Charle's Law states that the volume of a fixed amount of gas maintained at constant pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas, for a constant amount of gas we can write:

[tex]\frac{V1}{T1}=\frac{V2}{T2}[/tex]

As the pressure of the balloon doesn't change, we can use Charle's Law to solve the problem. Firs we change the given temperatures to absolute temperature units ( °K), using the following relations:

°K=273+°C

°K=5/9(°F-32)+273

Therefore:

V1=1.5 L, T1=273+25=298°K

V2=?,      T2=5/9(36-32)+273=275,2°K

[tex]V2=\frac{V1T2}{T1}=\frac{275,2*1,5}{298}=1,39L[/tex]

The new volume of the balloon is 1,39 L.

Answer:

b. 4.4

Explanation:

pH is related to the concentration of H₃O⁺ through the following equation:

pH = -log([H₃O⁺]) = -log(4 x 10⁻⁵)

pH = 4.4

Answer:

Distillation

Explanation:

The most most widely used industrial separation operation is Distillation. There are different tipes of distillations can be simple or multiple and also azeotropic or flash. The method is based in the difference of the boiling points between the components that we want to separate from a mixture. It is used in all kind of industries and processes for example in the petroleum industry to separate the different fractions of crude oil, in the chemical industry to separate a component of interest after a chemical reaction and for the separation of gases, as in the production of oxygen and nitrogen from air.

Answer:

c. C-F.

Explanation:

Hello, to know the type of bond, you must subtract the electronegativities for each element forming the bond:

a. C-N=3.04-2.55=0.49

b. C-C=2.55-2.55=0

c. C-F=3.98-2.55=1.43

d. C-H=2.55-2.2=0.35

Thus, since for an electronegativity difference between 0.7 and 1.7, the bond is polar, the highest number (most polar), based on calculations is 1.43, that is for c. C-F.

Best regards.