Answer:
//Here is PSEUDO CODE.
1. Declare variable "hour_day".
1.1 read the hour worked in a day and assign it to variable "hour_day".
2. Calculate the hours worked in a five day week.
2.1 work_week=5*hour_day.
3. Calculate the hours worked in 252 days year.
3.1 work_year=252*hour_day
4. print the value of work_week and work_year.
5. End the program.
//Here is code in c++.
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
double hour;
cout<<"enter the hours worked in a day:";
cin>>hour;
double work_week=5*hour;
double work_year=252*hour;
cout<<"work in a 5-day week: "<<work_week<<"hours"<<endl;
cout<<"work in a 252-day year: "<<work_year<<"hours"<<endl;
return 0;
}
Output:
enter the hours worked in a day:6.5
work in a 5-day week: 32.5 hours
work in a 252-day year: 1638 hours
Which option is a benefit of implementing a client/server arrangement over a peer-to-peer arrangement?
(A) Client/server networks can easily scale, which might require the purchase of additional client lisences.
(B) Client/server networks can cost more than peer-to-peer network. for example, client/server network might require the purchase of dedicated server hardware and a network OS with an appropriate number of lisences.
(C) peer-to-peer network can be very difficult to install.
(D) peer-to-peer networks typically cost more than client/server networks because there is no requirement for dedicated server resources or advance NOS software.
Answer: (A) Client/server networks can easily scale, which might require the purchase of additional client licences.
Explanation:
The client server model are easily scalable as it makes the system more efficient and has high ability to make the program for scale.
The Client /server local area networks (LANs) offer improved security for shared assets, more easily execution, expanded reinforcement effectiveness for system based information, and the potential for the utilization of excess power supplies and RAID drive exhibits.
A server is intended to share its assets among the customer PCs on the system. Commonly, servers are situated in verified zones, for example, bolted storage rooms or server farms (server rooms), since they hold an association's most profitable information and don't need to be gotten to by administrators consistently.
Analyst is investigating proxy logs and found out that one of the internal user visited website storing suspicious java scripts. After opening one of them he noticed that it's very hard to understand the code and all code differs from typical java script. What is the name of this technique to hide the code and extend analysis time?
Answer:
Obfuscation
Explanation:
The fact that the analyst can open the Javascript code means that the code is not encrypted. It simply means that the data the analyst is dealing with here is hidden or scrambled to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data. This technique is known as Data Obfuscation and is a form of encryption that results in confusing data. Obfuscation hides the meaning by rearranging the operations of some software. As a result, this technique forces the attacker to spend more time investigating the code and looking for encrypted parts.
What type of cable would you use to connect two hosts together in a back-to-back configuration using twisted pair cable?
Answer: Straight-through cable.
Explanation: Straight-through cable are the cables that are used for connecting the host and client.It is the type of twisted-pair cable wire which forms the connection the local area network(LAN).This copper wire sis used for the connection of the client devices like printer etc top the hub.
The connection formed through the straight -through cable is made with the RJ-45 connectors having similar conductor(pin) arrangement .Thus, connection of two host back to back is done by straight-through cables.
Final answer:
To connect two hosts directly with a twisted pair cable, a crossover cable is needed, which has the transmit and receive pairs crossed over to enable direct device-to-device communication. While modern network interfaces may auto-sense and negate the need for crossover cables, they remain important for use with older or non-auto-sensing devices.
Explanation:
To connect two hosts directly using a twisted pair cable in a back-to-back configuration, you would use a crossover cable. This type of cable is designed to connect two network devices of the same type, such as two computers, without the need for a switch or hub in between. The crossover cable crosses over the transmit and receive pairs, allowing the devices to communicate directly. Twisted pair cables, such as Cat5e or Cat6, are commonly used for this purpose, with the wiring specifically configured within the RJ45 connectors to enable this direct communication.
For example, in a standard Ethernet cable which is a straight-through cable, the wires are connected identically on both ends. However, for a crossover cable, one end of the cable has the green pair of wires switched with the orange pair, meaning pin 1 becomes pin 3 and pin 2 becomes pin 6 on the other end. This switch allows the transmit (TX) pins on one end to match up to the receive (RX) pins on the other, enabling two network devices to communicate.
Using a crossover cable is less common nowadays with modern network interfaces often including auto-sensing technology that can automatically adjust to communicate over straight-through cables. However, it's still important for compatibility with older equipment or situations where auto-sensing isn't available.
Write a function to output an array of ints on a single line. Funtion Should take an array and an array length and return a void. It should look like this {5,10,8,9,1}
Answer:
void printarr(int nums[],int n)
{
cout<<"{";//printing { before the elements.
for(int i=0;i<n;i++) // iterating over the array.
{
cout<<nums[i];//printing the elements.
if(i==n-1)//if last element then come out of the loop.
break;
cout<<",";//printing the comma.
}
cout<<"}"<<endl;//printing } at the end.
}
Output:-
5
1 2 3 4 5
{1,2,3,4,5}
Explanation:
I have created a function printarr of type void which prints the array elements in one line.I have used for loop to iterate over the array elements.Everything else is mentioned in the comments.
A class is designed with two public attributes: attributeOne and attributeTwo. attributeOne is an integer data type while attributeTwo is a string data type. Which pseudocode representation(s) of setters would be appropriate for this class? (Points : 5) A. int setAttributeOne(int newAttributeOne)
{
return attributeOne
}
B. void setAttributeOne(int newAttributeOne)
{
attributeOne = newAttributeOne
}
C. string setAttributeTwo (int newAttributeTwo)
{
attributeTwo = newAttributeTwo
}
D. void setAttributeTwo ()
{
attributeTwo =
Answer:
B. void setAttributeOne(int newAttributeOne)
{
attributeOne = newAttributeOne
}
Explanation:
The class has two public attributes : int attributeOne and String attributeTwo.
The appropriate setters for these attributes will be as follows:
void setAttributeOne(int newAttributeOne)
{
attributeOne = newAttributeOne ;
}
void setAttributeTwo(int newAttributeTwo)
{
attributeTwo = newAttributeTwo;
}
The highlighted code corresponds to option B among the given options. So option B is the correct setter for attributeOne.
) Object-oriented programming generally does NOT focus on _____. (Points : 5) A. separating the interface from the implementation
B. client side access to implementation details
C. information hiding
D. ease of program modifiability
All of the above
None of the above
Only A, C, and D
Answer: Only A, C, and D
Explanation: Object -oriented programming(OOP) is the programming concept that has data types and functions that are applicable on the data structure.The basic features displayed by the OOPs concepts is encapsulation, polymorphism,abstraction,implementation data etc.
OOPs concept does not consider the factors like hiding of data ,modification factor and separating of interface. Thus option A ,C and D are only options that are not focused by OOPs.
What is the purpose of a constructor?
Answer:
The main purpose of the constructor in the computer science is to initialize the object of the class. The constructor is basically called after the allocation of the memory in the object. When the object is created, the constructor are basically used to initialize as default value.
Constructor is also known as special type of the member function. The compiler called the constructor whenever the object has been create and the construction has similar name of the given class.
Example:
Class test() {
int p, r; // variable declaration
public:
// constructor
// Assigning value in the constructor
p=5;
r=10;
Cout<<" Constructor value\n";
}
What are the disadvantages of using pointers?
Explanation:
The pointer is the variable that will store the address of the other variable of the same datatype.
Following are the disadvantages of using a pointer.
1. Pointer sometimes causes a segmentation fault in the program.
2. Sometimes pointer leads to a memory leak.
3. A pointer variable is slower than normal variable.
4. Sometimes the program is crash if we using pointer because sufficient memory is not allocated during runtime.
5. If we using pointer it is difficult to find the error in the program.
For all the following assignments, you must define one or more functions in C (1) Write a program which asks the user for the value of N, the program will print out the sum of Sum = 1 + 2 + + N Try your program with N = 100 and 1000, 000
Answer:
// here is code in C.
#include <stdio.h>
// main function
int main(void) {
// variable
long long int n;
printf("Enter the value of N:");
// read the value of n
scanf("%llu",&n);
// calculate the sum from 1 to N
long long int sum=n*(n+1)/2;
// print the sum
printf("\nsum of all number from 1 to %llu is: %llu",n,sum);
return 0;
}
Explanation:
Read the value of n from user.Then find the sum of all number from 1 to N with the formula sum of first N natural number.That is (n*(n+1)/2). This will give the sum from 1 to N.
Output:
Enter the value of N:100
sum of all number from 1 to 100 is: 5050
Enter the value of N:1000000
sum of all number from 1 to 1000000 is: 500000500000
g Design a Boolean function called isPrime, that accepts an integer as an argument and returns True if the argument is a prime number, or False otherwise. Use the function in a program that prompts the user to enter a number and then displays a message indicating whether the number is prime. The following modules should be written
Answer:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
bool isPrime(int n)
{
for(int j=2;j<=n-1;j++) //loop to check prime..
{
if(n%j==0)
return false;
}
return true;
}
int main(){
int n;
cout<<"Enter the integer"<<endl;//taking input..
cin>>n;
if(isPrime(n))//printing the message.
{
cout<<"The number you have entered is prime"<<endl;
}
else
{
cout<<"The number is not prime"<<endl;
}
return 0;
}
Output:-
Enter the integer
13
The number you have entered is prime
Explanation:
The above written program is in C++.I have created a function called isPrime with an argument n.I have used a for loop to check if the number is prime or not.In the main function I have called the function isPrime for checking the number is prime or not.
A Boolean function called isPrime checks whether an integer is a prime number and is implemented in a Python program that prompts the user for a number and displays a corresponding message. The function returns True for prime numbers and False otherwise.
Explanation:Boolean Function to Determine if a Number is PrimeTo design a Boolean function called isPrime, which checks whether a given integer is a prime number, you need to ensure that the function meets certain criteria. A prime number is an integer greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. The isPrime function should return True if the number is prime and False otherwise. Here is a simple implementation in Python:
def isPrime(number):To incorporate this function into a program that prompts the user for a number and displays whether it is prime, you could use:
number = int(input('Enter a number: '))Note that the above program uses a simple loop to check all possible divisors up until the square root of the number, since a larger divisor would necessarily mean a smaller dividend that would have already been checked.
. Assign the value 7.5 to diameter. h. Assign 3.14159265359 to PI. i. Create a single line comment that says ""Calculating circumference and area of the circle"".
Answer:
float diameter =7.5;
float PI=3.14159265359 ;
// Calculating circumference and area of the circle
Explanation:
Here we declared two variable diameter and PI of float type and assigning the value 7.5,3.14159265359 respectively after that we making a single line comment by using //(forward) slash.
#include<iostream> //header file
using namespace std; // namespace
int main() // main method
{
float diameter =7.5; // Assign the value 7.5 to diameter
float PI=3.14159265359 ;//Assign 3.14159265359 to PI
// Calculating circumference and area of the circle.
return(0);
}
what are the similarities between data mining and data analytics
Answer:
The similarities between the data analysis and data mining is that both are the subset of the BI (Business intelligence) that involve in the database management system and data warehousing.
Data mining is the process in which the raw data is basically organize in many different patterns by using the various computational methods. It is basically used to generate the new data or information.
Data analytics is also define various facts in the specific data by using various techniques such as business intelligence and analytics.
These both technologies are basically used in the CRM (Customer relationship management) for analyzing the specific patterns and various customer database.
A(n) ____ is software that can be used to block access to certain Web sites that contain material deemed inappropriate or offensive.
Trojan horse
Virus
Internet filter
Worm
Answer: Internet filter
Explanation:
Internet filters are referred to as software which prevents individuals from accessing certain kind of websites. These filters are predominantly used in order to block content that might be considered inappropriate for some users. These filters are widely used in public library and computers used by schools and colleges.
Which is not one of the characteristics or objectives of data mining?
a. The miner is often an end user.
b. Business sections that most extensively use data mining are manufacturing.
c. Data mining tools are readily combined with spreadsheets.
d. Sophisticated tools help to remove the information buried in corporate files.
Answer:b) Business sections that most extensively use data mining are manufacturing.
Explanation: Data mining is the digging and extraction of the data from the large data sets or databases.The data is analyzed according to various parameters and categories and then extracting process works. It helps in the businesses for making decision ,efficient working, discovery of data etc.
Data mining is usually done by the clients. It extracts the unnecessary information also to remove it and can be combined with spreadsheets.The only incorrect option is option(B) because data mining is mostly used by end users or data mining experts in the business field.
A stack grows downward from high memory to low memory.
True
False
Answer:
True.
Explanation:
The direction of growth of the stack is downwards it moves from high memory to low memory. Sometimes the growth of stack is in upward direction but it depends on the compiler but mostly the direction of growth is downwards.When the function calls are made they start from high memory address to low memory address.
Write a JavaScript program that uses a function and a loop to print a list of the days of the week. Use JavaScript.
Answer:
<html>
<body>
<script>
days1(); // calling function days1()
function days1() // function days1
{
var week = ["sunday ", "monday ", "tuesday "," wednesday"," thursday",
"friday"," saturday"];
var i;
for (i=0;i<7;i++) // iterating over the loop
{
document.write(" The number of days in a week :" +</br>);
document.write( week[i] + "</br>" ); // print the number of days
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Output:
The number of days in a week :
sunday
monday
tuesday
wednesday
thursday
friday
saturday
Explanation:
In this program, we create a function days1().In this function, we declared an array i.e " week " which will store the list of the days of the week. After that, we iterate the for loop and prints a list of the days of the week.
Which MySQLCursor object returns all the rows in a result set?
a
fetchone()
b
fecthsome()
c
fetchmany()
d
fetchall()
Answer:
fetchall()
Explanation:
MySQLCursor object method fetchall() method returns all the rows in the resultset.
For example:
>>> cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM Student ORDER BY rollno")
>>> rows = cursor.fetchall()
Now rows will contain a reference to the results of the query. If the size of the resultset returned by the query is 0 then rows will reference an empty set.
fetchmany() and fetchone() are , on the other hand , used to retrieve many(count specified) or one row from the result respectively.
Which of the following would be the most appropriate choice for a method in a Cylinder class? (Points : 5) InputRadius()
Volume()
Radius()
Area()
Answer: Volume()
Explanation: As the class name is mentioned as the Cylinder class() , it can be easily predicted that the dimension of the cylinder is mentioned in the class .The cylinder in general is the round figure that has top and bottom to enclose it. So ,Volume() is the most appropriate function related with cylinder .
Other options are incorrect because radius() function is for the determining of the radius and area() function is for area determination of cylinder ,which are used in the volume calculation .Thus the correct option is Volume() which requires both area and radius for the cylinder.
The security option in MySQL, that when enabled, limits where a file can be loaded from when using the LOAD DATA INFILE command is called:
(a) secure_file_location
(b) secure_file_priv
(c) safe_file_load
(d) safe_file_location
Answer:b) secure_file_priv
Explanation: MYSQL database is the SQL data collection where the command LOAD DATA INFILE is used for the transporting the data-file from the local server to the MYSQL server. This command helps the reading the file's data or text of the client server at rapid speed
The secure_file_priv is the option that is raised from the LOAD DATA INFILE for the limited loading of files from the directories and also makes it secure. Other options are incorrect because they are used for the location and loading.Thus the correct option is option(b).
Explain the difference between single-bit errors and burst errors in error control in communications systems. (3 marks)
(a) If a noise event causes a burst error to occur that lasts for 0.1 ms (millisecond) and data is being transmitted at 100Mbps, how many data bits will be affected? (3 marks)
(b) Under what circumstances is the use of parity bits an appropriate error control technique?
Answer: a) Single-bit errors: It affects only one bit in a symbol.
Burst errors: It affects to several sequential bits in a given
symbol
b) 10000 bits.
c) When the most typical error is a single bit error.
Explanation: a) It is explained in the answer.
b) If data is being transmitted at 100 Mbps, this means that in 1 second, 100x 10e6 bits are transmitted, and that one single bit lasts for 10e-8 sec.
So, if the noise event that causes the burst error lasts 0.1 msec, this means 10e-4 sec.
Number of bits in error= 10e-4/10e-8= 10e4 bits= 10000 bits.
c) If the error is in a single bit in a symbol, this means that if the right number of 1s is even, a single error will change this number to an odd number , and the error could be easily detected.
Final answer:
Single-bit errors affect one bit, while burst errors affect a sequence of adjacent bits. For the 0.1ms burst error at 100Mbps, 10,000 bits are affected. Parity bits are suitable for low error rates and simple error detection needs.
Explanation:
The difference between single-bit errors and burst errors in error control in communications systems is that a single-bit error affects only one bit within a data stream, meaning only one bit has been altered from a zero to a one, or vice versa. In contrast, burst errors affect a sequence of adjacent bits in the data stream, which can be due to noise, fading, or other issues with the communication channel.
(a) For a noise event that causes a burst error to occur lasting for 0.1 ms (milliseconds) with a data transmission rate of 100 Mbps (megabits per second), the number of affected data bits can be calculated by multiplying the duration of the noise event by the transmission rate. This results in 0.1 ms * 100 Mbps = 0.1 * 10−6 * 100 * 106 = 10,000 bits affected.
(b) The use of parity bits is an appropriate error control technique when the error rate is low, and simple error detection is required, such as in scenarios where the cost of additional complex error correction measures is not justified or the communication channel is reliable enough that only rare error detection is needed.
What do you believe are the motives of a cyber criminal? Why?
Answer:
Cyber criminal is a attacker or the hacker who tends to hack and steal the personal and confidential information present in the computer systems.The hacking process is carried out by the means of installing the malware in the authorized system,manipulation of the system function,etc.
The cyber crime is executed by the hackers with the help of the knowledge about the operating system and hacking techniques. Attacking the system is done by them so that they can have the confidential information, personal information or data that is not to be share or accessed by anyone except for the authorized user.
The hacked data can be manipulated such as eliminating data containing evidence, leaked by sharing confidential data with wrong sources etc by the hacker for their own purpose or other reasons.
What is the difference between the default constructor and the overloaded constructor?
Explanation:
A default constructor is a constructor that present in the class by default with no parameters when we write a new constructor with parameters it is called overloaded constructor.There can be different overloaded constructors in the same class.
The main difference between default constructor and overloaded constructor is that the default constructor does't have any parameters while the overloaded constructors have parameters.
The default constructor takes no arguments and provides standard initialization, while the overloaded constructor has parameters and allows for objects to be initialized with specific values. Both constructors are essential in object-oriented programming for creating and initializing objects.
In object-oriented programming, constructors are special methods used to initialize objects. There are two main types of constructors: the default constructor and the overloaded constructor.
Default ConstructorA default constructor is a constructor that takes no arguments. If no constructors are explicitly defined in a class, Java (for example) automatically provides a default constructor, which initializes objects with default values. For instance:
public class Example {
public Example() {
// Default constructor
}
}
An overloaded constructor, on the other hand, has parameters and allows for the creation of objects with specific values. Overloading provides flexibility and the ability to initialize objects in various ways. Here’s an example:
public class Example {
public Example() {
// Default constructor
}
public Example(int value) {
this.value = value;
// Overloaded constructor
}
}
Key Differences
The default constructor has no parameters, whereas an overloaded constructor has one or more parameters.The default constructor initializes objects with standard default values, while an overloaded constructor can initialize objects with user-defined values.The jackpot of a lottery is paid in 20 annual installments. There is also a cash option, which pays the winner 65% of the jackpot instantly. In either case 30% of the winnings will be withheld for tax. Design a program to do the following. Ask the user to enter the jackpot amount. Calculate and display how much money the winner will receive annually before tax and after tax if annual installments is chosen. Also calculate and display how much money the winner will receive instantly before and after tax if cash option is chosen. GRADING RUBRIC FOR EACH PROBLEM
Answer:
// here is code in java.
import java.util.*;
// class defintion
class Main
{
// main method of the class
public static void main (String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception
{
try{
// scanner object to read input string
Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in);
// variables
double amount;
int ch;
double bef_tax, aft_tax;
System.out.print("Please enter the jackpot amount:");
// read the amount from user
amount=s.nextDouble();
System.out.print("enter Payment choice (1 for cash, 2 for installments): ");
// read the choice
ch=s.nextInt();
// if choice is cash then calculate amount before and after the tax
if(ch==1)
{
bef_tax=amount*.65;
aft_tax=(amount*.70)*.65;
System.out.println("instantly received amount before tax : "+bef_tax);
System.out.println("instantly received amount after tax : "+aft_tax);
}
// if choice is installment then calculate amount before and after the tax
else if(ch==2)
{
bef_tax=amount/20;
aft_tax=(amount*.70)/20;
System.out.println("installment amount before tax : "+bef_tax);
System.out.println("installment amount after tax : "+aft_tax);
}
}catch(Exception ex){
return;}
}
}
Explanation:
Read the jackpot amount from user.Next read the choice of Payment from user. If user's choice is cash then calculate 65% instantly amount received by user before and after the 30% tax.Print both the amount.Similarly if user's choice is installments then find 20 installments before and after 30% tax.Print the amount before and after the tax.
Output:
Please enter the jackpot amount:200
enter Payment choice (1 for cash, 2 for installments): 2
installment amount before tax : 10.0
installment amount after tax : 7.0
. A possible data for source that could be used when completing a mail merge could be a(n)… : *
a. Excel worksheet
b. Outlook contacts list
c. Access database table
d. all the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Mail merge is the technique in which the emails are combined with the predefined labels so that it could be mass mailed. This tool is helpful for sending a mail to several people at one time. Data source that is used in the mass mailing is known as the database that holds a column for variables present in templates.
Therefore, outlook contact list, excel sheet access database table,word table etc can be used as the source of data at the time of mail merge.These tools acts as data source to connect with the templates.Data source is the source that contains the information about the recipient such as address etc.
Thus all the options mention in the question are correct.
A possible data for source that could be used when completing a mail merge could be all the above.
d. all the above
Explanation:
Mail merge allows one to send a particular document to different individuals.
It is generally used in office environment where some information is to be communicated to a number of people. The information is attached by adding the data sources.
The information source is a report, spreadsheet or database that contains customized data, for example, names, locations, and telephone numbers.
A 40 fps(frames per second) video clip at 5 megapixels per frame would generate large amount of pixels equivalent to a speed of
4800
200
600
2400
Answer:
Speed will be 200 so option (b) will be correct option
Explanation:
We have given a 40 fps ( frame per second ) video clip at 5 megapixels per second
We have to find the speed
Speed is given by fps ( frame per second × mega pixel per frame )
As in the question it is given that video clip has 40 fps ( frames per second ) at 5 megapixels per frame
So speed [tex]=40\times 5=200[/tex]
So option b will be correct option
Describe the need for switching and define a switch. List the three traditional switching methods. Which are the most common today? Compare and contrast a circuit switched network and a packet-switched network. (How are they alike and how are they different) What is TSI and what is its role in time-division switches. List four major components of a packet switch and their functions.
Network switching is an essential aspect of computer networking. Interconnecting multiple devices can sometimes cause issues in a network. The idea of network switching comes in when we want to offer practical solutions to these issues. Data coming into an input port (ingress) and data leaving out (egress) to its final destination are always achieved through network switching. A switched network must have a switch that acts as the medium through which data passes to its final destination. It can connect your computers, servers, and printers, creating a way to share resources.
The three main traditional switching techniques are circuit switching, message switching, and packet switching. However, the most common models used today are circuit switching and packet switching. They are used to connect communicating devices together within an enterprise network. Let us learn a little bit more about them. The similarities between these two are very generic. They both would probably require the destination address of the device you are sending the packets to. However, there are several distinct differences between them.
Circuit switching is connection-oriented while packet-switching technology is connectionless. The former is set up as a dedicated communication channel that is established before the sender and recipient can start to communicate. Data on the latter is fragmented into packets routed independently by network devices. The message in Circuit switching is received in the same way it was sent, while message sent as packets in Packet switching is received out of order and assembled upon arriving in its destination.
Inside a Switch’s hardware architecture is a TSI (Time-slot interchange) which is a known technology that uses time-division switching technology with the help of (TDM) time-division multiplexing. It has RAM that comes with several other memory locations and has input and output ports that uses the RAM to fill up with data that comes in through its input terminal. Its mechanism deals with how data comes in through input ports, stored and read out in RAM in sequences, and then sent out through output ports. We will discuss these ports down below
The four components are:
Input Ports – As discussed above, the input ports deal with how data comes in and how it is presented in the physical and data link layers of the OSI
Output Ports – It does the opposite of the functions of an input port
Routing protocol – In the network layer of the OSI, the routing protocol performs the functions of the table lookup. Decisions on the best path are made for network packets .
Switching Fabric – In packet switching, there are input and output line cards that are connected by a switch fabric. Most processing in switching fabrics is done in line cards.
Final answer:
Switching is necessary for routing data in networks, with packet-switched networks being the most common today. Circuit-switched networks dedicate a channel for sessions, while packet-switched networks use small packets for more efficient data transfer. Four major components of a packet switch include Input Ports, Switching Fabric, Output Ports, and Routing Processor.
Explanation:
The need for switching in network architectures arises from the requirement to efficiently route data between multiple endpoints. A switch is a networking device that connects devices together on a computer network, using packet switching to forward data to its destination.
The three traditional switching methods are:
Circuit SwitchingPacket SwitchingMessage SwitchingOf these, packet switching is the most common in contemporary networks.
Comparison of Circuit-Switched and Packet-Switched Networks:
A circuit-switched network establishes a dedicated channel between nodes for the duration of a session. In contrast, a packet-switched network sends data in small packets, each possibly taking different paths to the destination. Both methods aim to facilitate communication, but packet-switched networks are more efficient and reliable, especially in the case of network congestion or failure.
TSI, or Time Slot Interchange, plays a crucial role in time-division switches by dynamically reallocating time slots to different data streams, thus optimizing the use of available bandwidth.
Major Components of a Packet Switch:
Input Ports: Receives packets and performs preliminary processing.Switching Fabric: Connects the input ports to the output ports.Output Ports: Buffers and transmits packets to the next node.Routing Processor: Determines the optimal path for packets.___ technologies, the software that links Web pages with databases, automate much of the business activity with business partners.
Dynamic IP
Dynamic page
Page link
System link
Answer: Page link
Explanation:
Page link is the type of the technology that usually found in the website and it used to link the web pages with the databases. The page link basically contain the list of the web page link of the organization.
Then, the linked page of the data is basically the web page which describe the various hyper data links.
The page link basically used linking the one post to another easily and it automatically linked the various business activity with the business partner.
The correct answer is Dynamic page.
Dynamic pages link web pages with databases, allowing user interaction and automatic updates to content. This technology supports complex business applications and enhances user experience.
In modern web development, technologies like PhP, Javascript, and database connector strings are used to create dynamic pages that link web pages with databases. These pages allow users to interact with the website, and the content on the page can change based on user input, automating much of business activity with business partners.
For example, when a user submits a form on a dynamic web page, the data can be immediately stored in a database, making it easier to manage and retrieve information. This approach enhances both functionality and user experience, as well as supports complex business applications.
The correct answer is Dynamic page.
Why is voice encryption an important digital security measure?
Answer: Voice encryption is the end to end encryption/encoding of the the communication taking place through the telephone or mobile devices. The encryptors of voice turn the communication conversation into the digital form which result in stream of bits.
Digital security is the protection and securing of the devices related with the mobile and online technology. It is important to maintain the security of the information conveyed through the communication. It maintains the protection from the online stealing of the data and fraud.
Voice encryption is essential for protecting communications over the internet by converting voice data into an encrypted, indecipherable form. It ensures that only individuals with the proper decryption keys can access the information, thereby maintaining its confidentiality and integrity, while also safeguarding against interception and tampering. Establishing secure key exchange is crucial for privacy on insecure channels.
Voice encryption is a crucial digital security measure that serves to protect sensitive information communicated over voice channels. In the digital world, information can be easily intercepted, modified, or stolen. Encryption acts as a barrier that only allows access to information for those who have the correct key. The process involves converting the voice data into a scrambled form that is nearly impossible to understand without the proper decryption key. This is vital for maintaining the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of the communication.
Protection of encryption keys is fundamental to the security of encrypted data. Modern cryptographic protocols rely on the secrecy of keys, as most encryption methods themselves are publicly known. Applications like Signal protect users by keeping encryption keys secure on their own devices. For secure online communication and end-to-end encryption, it is essential to have a system for verifying encryption keys to establish trustworthiness, and to prevent Man in the Middle attacks, where a malicious entity intercepts and potentially alters the messages.
Authentication plays a significant role in ensuring that communication comes from a genuine source, especially online where impersonation is easier. Digital encryption also helps protect certain metadata from eavesdroppers, though not all types of metadata can be shielded. Without encryption, all voice and digital communication would risk exposure to unwanted parties, like hackers or government agencies. Hence, establishing a secure method to exchange encryption keys is vital for privacy over insecure channels, like the internet.
Write a program that prompts the user to enter the minutes (e.g., 1 billion), and displays the number of years and days for the minutes. For simplicity, assume a year has 365 days. Here is a sample run: Enter the number of minutes: 1000000000 1000000000 minutes is approximately 1902 years and 214 days
Answer:
// here is code in java.
import java.util.*;
// class definition
class Solution
{
// main method of the class
public static void main (String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception
{
try{
// scanner object to read innput
Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in);
// variables
long min,years,days;
long temp;
System.out.print("Please enter minutes:");
// read minutes
min=s.nextLong();
// make a copy
temp=min;
// calculate days
days=min/1440;
// calculate years
years=days/365;
// calculate remaining days after years
days=days%365;
// print output
System.out.println(temp+" minutes is equal to "+years+" years and "+days+" days");
}catch(Exception ex){
return;}
}
}
Explanation:
Read the number of minutes from user and assign it to variable "minutes" of long long int type.Make a copy of input minutes.Then calculate total days by dividing the input minutes with 1440, because there is 1440 minutes in a day.Then find the year by dividing days with 365.Then find the remaining days and print the output.
Output:
please enter the minutes:1000000000
1000000000 minutes is equal to 1902 years and 214 days.
_ is the adherence to a personal code of principles.
Ethics
Morality
Integrity
Honesty
Section B
Answer: Ethics
Explanation:
Ethics is the basic principle for the personal code. The code of the ethics is basically designed for outline the values in the organization with honesty and integrity.
The ethics is basically depend upon the principle of core value of the organization. The code of the ethics basically guide the core value in the organization and breaking the rule of ethics can also cause termination from the organization.
Morality, integrity and honesty are all the sub part of the ethics vale in the organization. Therefore, ethics is the correct option.