Water (10 kg/s) at 1 bar pressure and 50 C is pumped isothermally to 10 bar. What is the pump work? (Use the steam tables.) -7.3 kJ/s O 7.3 kJ/s -210 kJ/s e345 kJ/s 3451 kJ/s

Answer:

111.15 g are required to prepare 500 ml of a 3 M solution

Explanation:

In a 3 M solution of Ca(OH)₂ there are 3 moles of Ca(OH)₂ per liter solution. In 500 ml of this solution, there will be (3 mol/2) 1.5 mol Ca(OH)₂.

Since 1 mol of Ca(OH)₂ has a mass of 74.1 g, 1.5 mol will have a mass of

(1.5 mol Ca(OH)₂ *(74.1 g / 1 mol)) 111.15 g. This mass of Ca(OH)₂ is required to prepare the 500 ml 3 M solution.

Final answer:

To find the mass of the substance, multiply the given density (1.1 g/mL) by the given volume (12 mL) to get a mass of 13.2 grams, with the answer rounded to two significant figures.

Explanation:

To calculate the mass of a substance, you can use the formula mass = density × volume. Given a density of 1.1 g/mL and a volume of 12 mL, you simply multiply these two values together to find the mass.

Mass = 1.1 g/mL × 12 mL = 13.2 g

The density has two significant figures and the volume has two as well, so our final answer will be reported with two significant figures, hence 13.2 grams is the mass.

Answer:

The simplest formula is C₃H₅.

Explanation:

The moles of CO₂ are the moles of Carbon because oxygen is in excess. Thus, the double of moles of H₂O are the moles oh hydrogen (Double because H₂O has two hydrogens for each mole).

4,822g CO₂ × (1mol / 44,01 g) = 0,1096 moles of C

1,650g H₂O × (1mol / 18,01 g) × 2= 0,1832 moles of H

The next step is divide these numbers between the smaller one, thus:

0,1096 moles / 0,1096 moles = 1

0,1832 moles / 0,1096 moles = 1,672

The last step is to find a number to multiple that gives integers:

1 × 3 = 3 Carbon

1,672 × 3 = 5 hydrogen

Thus, the simplest formula is C₃H₅.

I hope it helps!

Answer:

a) [tex]0.000324 km^2[/tex]

b) [tex]32400 dm^2[/tex]

c) [tex]3.24x10^6 cm^2[/tex]

Explanation:

To do the different conversions we need to know the follow:

[tex]1 km->1000 m so 1 km^2-> 1000^2 m^2= 1x10^6 m^2[/tex]

[tex]324 m^2*(1 km^2/1x10^6 m^2) = 0.000324 km^2[/tex]

[tex]1m-> 10 dm so 1m^2->10^2 dm^2=100 dm^2[/tex]

[tex]324 m^2*(100 dm^2/1 m^2)=32400 dm^2[/tex]

[tex]1m-> 100 cm so 1m^2->100^2 cm^2=10000 cm^2[/tex]

[tex]324 m^2*(10000 cm^2/1 m^2)=3.24x10^6 cm^2[/tex]

Answer :

(A) [tex]234m^2=2.34\times 10^8km^2[/tex]

(B)  [tex]234m^2=2.34\times 10^4dm^2[/tex]

(C) [tex]234m^2=2.34\times 10^6cm^2[/tex]

Explanation :

The conversion used for area from [tex]m^2[/tex] to [tex]km^2[/tex] is:

[tex]1m^2=10^6km^2[/tex]

The conversion used for area from [tex]m^2[/tex] to [tex]dm^2[/tex] is:

[tex]1m^2=100dm^2[/tex]

The conversion used for area from [tex]m^2[/tex] to [tex]cm^2[/tex] is:

[tex]1m^2=10000cm^2[/tex]

Part (A):

As, [tex]1m^2=10^6km^2[/tex]

So, [tex]234m^2=\frac{234m^2}{1m^2}\times 10^6km^2=2.34\times 10^8km^2[/tex]

Part (B):

As, [tex]1m^2=100dm^2[/tex]

So, [tex]234m^2=\frac{234m^2}{1m^2}\times 100dm^2=2.34\times 10^4dm^2[/tex]

Part (C):

As, [tex]1m^2=10000cm^2[/tex]

So, [tex]234m^2=\frac{234m^2}{1m^2}\times 10000cm^2=2.34\times 10^6cm^2[/tex]

Answer: Option (b) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

The given data is as follows.

        Initial volume [tex](v_{1})[/tex] = 1.673 [tex]m^{3}[/tex]

          Final volume [tex](v_{2})[/tex] = 1.789 [tex]m^{3}[/tex]

As, the amount of water vapor condensed will be as follows.

                     [tex]\frac{(v_{2} - v_{1})}{v_{2}}[/tex]

                     = [tex]\frac{(1.789 m^{3} - 1.673 m^{3})}{1.789 m^{3}}[/tex]

                     = [tex]\frac{0.116 m^{3}}{1.789 m^{3}}[/tex]

                     = 0.065 kg

Hence, we can conclude that the amount of water vapour condensed in kilograms is 0.065 kg.

Answer: The volume of water required is 398 mL

Explanation:

To calculate the molarity of solution, we use the equation:

[tex]\text{Molarity of the solution}=\frac{\text{Mass of solute}\times 1000}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Volume of solution (in mL)}}[/tex]

We are given:

Mass of solute (manganese (II) nitrate tetrahydrate) = 16 g

Molar mass of manganese (II) nitrate tetrahydrate = 251 g/mol

Molarity of solution = 0.16 M

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]0.16M=\frac{16g\times 1000}{251g/mol\times \text{Volume of solution}}\\\\\text{Volume of solution}=398mL[/tex]

Hence, the volume of water required is 398 mL

Answer:

There are 550.5 moles  of methanol in 110.0 kilograms of the mixture.

Explanation:

A solution 15% weight of methanol means there is 15g of methanol per 100g of the mixture or 0.1kg of the mixture. Also, the molar mass of methanol (CH3OH) is:

[tex]m_{C} + 4xm_{H} + m_{O} = 12.0g/mol + 4x1.0g/mol +  16.0g/mol = 32.0g/mol[/tex]

Thus, dividing 15g by molar mass

[tex]15.0g / 32.0\frac{g}{mol} = 0.5moles[/tex] we find there is 0.5 moles of methanol per 0.1Kg of the mixture. Calculating the number of mols of methanol in 110.0 kilograms of the mixture:

[tex]\frac{110.1Kgx0.5moles}{0.1Kg} = 550.5 moles[/tex]

Therefore, there is 550.5 moles  of methanol in 110.0 kilograms of the mixture.

Answer:

16-fold dilution.

Explanation:

A serial dilution is any dilution where the concentration decrease by the same quantity in each successive step. So, for a 2-fold dilution, the concentration decrease 1/2, it means that if we have a sample with 10 M of concentration, after a 2-fold dilution it will be 5 M. For the next step it will be 1/2 of 5= 2.5 M, and successively.

Then, we just multiply the factor for each dilution. After 4 serial dilutions:

1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/16

So, it would be a 16-fold dilution in the end.

Explanation:

The given data is as follows.

            Diameter = 0.1 m,          [tex]P_{1}[/tex] = 1000 kPa

            [tex]P_{2}[/tex] = 500 kPa

Change in pressure [tex]\Delta P[/tex] = 1000 kPa - 500 kPa = 500 kPa

Since, 1000 Pa = 1 kPa. So, 500 kPa will be equal to [tex]500 \times 10^{3}[/tex].

       Q = 5 [tex]m^{3}/min[/tex] = [tex]\frac{5}{60} m^{3}/sec[/tex] = 0.0833 [tex]m^{3}/sec[/tex]

It is known that Q = [tex]A \times V[/tex]

where,           A = cross sectional area

                      V = speed of the fluid in that section

Hence, calculate V as follows.

                    V = [tex]\frac{Q}{A}[/tex]

                        = [tex]\frac{Q \times 4}{\pi \times d^{2}}[/tex]

                        = [tex]\frac{0.0833 \times 4}{3.14 \times (0.1)^{2}}[/tex]

                        = 10.61 m/sec

Also it is known that Reynold's number is as follows.

                        Re = [tex]\frac{\rho \times V \times d}{\mu}[/tex]

                              = [tex]\frac{1000 \times 10.61 \times 0.1}{10^{-3}}[/tex]

                              = 1061032.954

As, it is given that the flow is turbulent so we cannot use the Hagen-Poiseuille equation as follows. Therefore, by using Blasius equation for turbulent flow as follows.

                 [tex]\Delta P = \frac{0.241 \times \rho^{0.75} \times \mu^{0.25} \times L}{D^{4.75}} \times Q^{1.75}[/tex]

             [tex]500 \times 10^{3} = \frac{0.241 \times (1000)^{0.75} \times (10^{-3})^{0.25} \times L}{(0.1)^{4.75}} \times (0.0833)^{1.75}[/tex]

                      [tex]500 \times 10^{3} = 5535.36 \times L[/tex]          

                            L = [tex]\frac{500 \times 10^{3}}{5535.36}[/tex]

                               = 90.328 m

Thus, we can conclude that 90.328 m length galvanized iron line should be used to reach the desired outlet pressure.

Answer:

Mole fraction of ethanol is 0.363.

Mole fraction of methanol is 0.387.

Explanation:

Mole fraction of water =[tex]\chi_1=0.250[/tex]

Mole fraction of ethanol =[tex]\chi_2[/tex]

Mole fraction of methanol = [tex]\chi_3[/tex]

[tex]\chi_1+\chi_2+\chi_3=1[/tex]

[tex]\chi_2+\chi_3=1-\chi_1=0.750[/tex]

[tex]\chi_2+\chi_3=0.750[/tex]

[tex]\chi_1=\frac{n_1}{n_1+n_2+n_3}[/tex]

[tex]\chi_2=\frac{n_2}{n_1+n_2+n_3}[/tex]

[tex]\chi_3=\frac{n_3}{n_1+n_2+n_3}[/tex]

[tex]n_1+n_2+n_3=1[/tex]

Moles of water = [tex]n_1=0.250 mol[/tex]

Moles of ethanol= [tex]n_2[/tex]

Moles of methanol= [tex]n_3[/tex]

[tex]n_2+n_3=0.750 mol[/tex]

Mass of the mixture = M

Mass of water, [tex]m_1[/tex]

[tex]=n_1\times 18.0 g/mol=0.250 mol\times 18.0 g/mol=4.5 g[/tex]

Fraction of water by mass = 0.134

[tex]\frac{n_1\times 18.0 g/mol}{M}=0.134[/tex]

[tex]M=\frac{0.250 mol\times 18.0 g/mol}{0.134}=33.58 g[/tex]

Mass of ethanol = [tex]m_2[/tex]

Mass of methanol = [tex]m_3[/tex]

[tex]m_1+m_2+m_3=M[/tex]

[tex]4.5 g+m_2+m_3=33.58 g[/tex]

[tex]m_2+m_3=29.08 g[/tex]..[1]

[tex]\frac{m_2}{46.0 g/mol}+\frac{m_3}{32.0 g/mol}=0.750 mol[/tex]

[tex]16m_1+23m_3=552[/tex]..[2]

On solving [1] and [2]:

[tex]m_2 = 16.70, m_3= 12.38 g[/tex]

Mole fraction of ethanol =[tex]chi_2[/tex]

[tex]\chi_2=\frac{n_2}{n_1+n_2+n_3}[/tex]

[tex]=\frac{\frac{16.70 g}{46.0 g/mol}}{1 mol}= 0.363[/tex]

Mole fraction of methanol = [tex]chi_3[/tex]

[tex]\chi_3=\frac{n_3}{n_1+n_2+n_3}[/tex]

[tex]=\frac{\frac{12.38 g}{32.0 g/mol}}{1 mol}= 0.387[/tex]

Answer:

0.220 mol He

Explanation:

Hello,

Based on the ideal gas equation of state:

[tex]PV=nRT\\n=\frac{PV}{RT} \\n=\frac{2.71 atm * 2.01 L}{0.082\frac{atm*L}{mol*K}*302K } \\n=0.220 mol[/tex]

Best regards.

Answer:

Explanation:

It could be as a result of evaporation from the hot water causing it to have less mass than usual. Evaporation will allow the volume of the hot water to decrease and by so doing will cool faster than cold water which is at a higher mass. This is how I will explain my observations to them.

Final answer:

The concept of hot water freezing faster than cold water is known as the Mpemba effect and is influenced by various factors including evaporation and thermal energy transfer. Specific heat capacity plays a role in cooling processes, affecting the rate at which materials like metal are cooled when in contact with ice or water.

Explanation:

The observation that hot water freezes faster than cold water under certain conditions has been noted historically and is often referred to as the Mpemba effect. While it may seem counterintuitive, various experiments have shown that hot water can indeed freeze more quickly than cold water due to a number of factors, including evaporation (which reduces the mass of hot water), thermodynamic properties of water (such as specific heat capacity and the behavior of water molecules at different temperatures), and the environment in which the water is being frozen (like the surrounding air temperature and properties of the freezing surface).

Regarding the specific scenarios described, mixing hot and cold water or the implications of adding cold water to a hot liquid like tea or coffee, the result is affected by the thermal energy transfer between the substances. The outcome is influenced by the specific heat of the materials, the current temperatures, and the mass of the substances involved. For instance, pouring hot water into cold water would result in heat transfer from the hot water to both the cold water and its surroundings.

As for the question of cooling a hot piece of metal, the method of cooling (using ice versus cold water) will affect the rate at which the metal cools down, with the specific heat capacities playing a crucial role. Water generally has a higher specific heat capacity than ice, making it more efficient at absorbing heat.

Answer:

The 8-hour TWA exposure for the employee is 101 ppm and it exceeds the OSHA PEL of 100 ppm for ethylbenzene.

Explanation:

The TWA for 8 hours is calculated by the sum of airbone concentrations multiplied by the time it has been exposed to that period. The total is divided by 8 which refers to the 8 hours total the employee has been exposed.

TWA = (125x2+88x2+112x2.5+70x1.5)/8.

The OSHA PEL is a known number for every compound and it can be find in PEL tables. In the case of ethylbenezene, it is 100 ppm.

Answer:

NH₃ is the limiting reagent

Explanation:

Mass of ammonia = 132.0kg

Mass of carbon dioxide = 211.4kg

Mass of urea = 172.7kg

Unknown:

Limiting reagent = ?

Solution

 First, we write the balanced stoichiometeric equation:

     2NH₃ + CO₂ → CH₄N₂O + H₂O

The reactant that is present in short supply determines the amount of product that is formed in a reaction. This reactant is called the limiting reagent.

    To establish the limiting reagent, we need to go find out what is happening at the start of the reaction:

Convert the masses of the reactants to moles.

Number of moles of NH₃ = [tex]\frac{mass}{molar mass}[/tex]

   Molar mass of NH₃ = 14 + (3x1) = 17g/mol

   Number of moles of NH₃ =  [tex]\frac{132}{17}[/tex] = 7.765mole

Number of moles of CO₂ =  [tex]\frac{mass}{molar mass}[/tex]

    Molar mass of CO₂ = 12 + (2 x 16) = 44g/mol

     Number of moles of CO₂ =  [tex]\frac{211.4}{44}[/tex] = 4.805mole

From the reaction equation:

   2 moles of NH₃ reacted with 1 mole of CO₂

so 7.765 mole of NH₃ will require [tex]\frac{7.765}{2}[/tex]mole, 3.883 of CO₂

But we are given 4.805mole of CO₂.

Therefore, CO₂ gas is in excess and NH₃ is the limiting reagent.

The limiting reactant for the synthesis of CH₄N₂O given the data is ammonia, NH₃

2NH₃ + CO₂ —> CH₄N₂O + H₂O

Molar mass of NH₃ = 17 g/mole

Mass of NH₃ from the balanced equation = 2 × 17 = 34 g = 0.034 Kg

Molar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mole

Mass of CO₂ from the balanced equation = 1 × 44 = 44 g = 0.044 Kg

SUMMARY

From the balanced equation above,

0.034 Kg of NH₃ reacted with 0.044 Kg of CO₂

From the balanced equation above,

0.034 Kg of NH₃ reacted with 0.044 Kg of CO₂

Therefore,

132 Kg of NH₃ will react with = (132 × 0.044) / 0.034 = 170.8 of Kg of CO₂

From the calculation made above, we can see that only 170.8 of Kg of CO₂ out of 172.7 Kg given is needed to react completely with 132 Kg of NH₃.

Thus, NH₃ is the limiting reactant

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Answer:

Unit conversion between Rankine and Kelvin is linear.

Unit conversion between degree Celsius and degree Fahrenheit is linear.

Explanation:

Relation between rankine and Kelvin is

[tex]R\ =\ \dfrac{9}{5}\ K[/tex]

So, the plot between Rankine and Kelvin is a straight line with zero intercept and has a slope having value [tex]\dfrac{9}{5}[/tex].

Relation between degrees Celsius and degrees Fahrenheit is given by

[tex]^{\circ}C\ =\ \dfrac{5}{9}\ (^{\circ}F\ -\ 32)[/tex]

So, the plot between degrees Celsius and degrees Fahrenheit is a straight line with slope [tex]\dfrac{5}{9}[/tex] and negative intercept of [tex]\dfrac{160}{9}[/tex].

Answer:

a. The mothballs gradually vaporize in a closet. Physical change

b. Hydrofluoric acid attacks glass, and is used to etch calibrations marks on glass laboratory utensils. Chemical change

c. A French chef making a sauce with brandy is able to burn of the alcohol from the brandy leaving just the brandy flavoring. Chemical change

d. Chemistry majors sometimes et holes in the cotton jeans they wear to lab, because of acid spills. Chemical change

e. A piece of egg boiled in water for 20 minutes. Chemical change

Explanation:

In a physical change, there is no change in the chemical composition of the substance, the change is only on the physical properties. For example, state changes (a).

In a chemical change instead, usually there is a combination of two or more substances that combine to form a new one different from the originals. For example, chemical reactions like combustion (c) or protein denaturalization (e). The attacking of hydrofluoric acid to glass (b) or the acid pill attacking cotton are chemical reactions too (d).

Physical change or a chemical change are given as:

a. The moth balls gradually vaporize in a closet -physical change.

b. Hydrofluoric acid attacks glass and is used to etch calibration marks on glass laboratory utensils-chemical change.

c. A French chef making a sauce with brandy is able to burn off the alcohol from the brandy, leaving just the brandy flavoring- a chemical change.

d. Chemistry majors sometimes etch holes in the cotton jeans they wear to the lab because of acid spills- physical change.

A piece of egg boiled in water for 20 minutes-  chemical change.

a. In a closet, moth balls progressively vaporise: This represents a physical transformation. The moth balls sublimate, going straight from a solid state to a gaseous state, undergoing a phase change from a solid to a gas.

b. Glass is attacked by hydrofluoric acid, which is also used to etch calibration marks on glass laboratory utensils: This refers to a chemical transformation. The glass and hydrofluoric acid interact, causing a chemical reaction that etches the surface of the glass.

c. A French cook who uses brandy in a sauce can burn out the alcohol, leaving only the brandy flavouring: This explains a chemistry alteration. Alcohol is burned off through a chemical reaction, specifically alcohol combustion, which transforms ethanol (alcohol) into carbon dioxide and water vapour.

d. Because of acid spills, chemistry majors occasionally etch holes in the cotton pants they wear to the lab: This sentence depicts a physical alteration. The fibres in the jeans melt or break down as a result of acid spills, creating holes.

e. A chemical change is described by a piece of egg that was boiled in water for 20 minutes. The denaturation of proteins and the coagulation of the egg white are two distinct chemical reactions that occur inside the egg as a result of boiling.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Use the position of an element in the periodic table to deduce its valence.

The periodic table is a table that groups elements based on their periodic functions. A group is a vertical arrangement of elements. The group number shows the number of elements in the outer shell of the atoms.

The groups runs from 1 to 8. On the periodic table, elements that has more than 4 electrons in their outermost shell will have a valency of 8 less than the number of outermost electrons.

Write formulas for these hydrides without using subscripts, for example XH3. If no hydride forms, write "none".

for group I : NaH, KH,

    group II : MgH2, CaH2,

    group III: BH3, AlH3

  Group 8 do not form hydrides because of their inertness.

What is the formula of the hydride formed by sulfur?

the hydride of sulfur is H₂S

What is the formula of the hydride formed by potassium ?

the hydride of potassium is KH

Final answer:

The formula of the hydride formed by sulfur is H2S, while the formula for the hydride formed by potassium is KH, based on the valence of sulfur and potassium corresponding to their positions in the periodic table.

Explanation:

When determining the formulas for hydrides, the valence of the non-hydrogen element is crucial. Sulfur, which has a valence of 2, forms a hydride by combining with two hydrogen atoms, giving us the formula H2S. In contrast, potassium belongs to the alkali metals with a valence of 1, thus it combines with one hydrogen atom to form a hydride, resulting in the formula KH.

The periodic table helps us understand these valences due to an element's group number. Sulfur, located in group 16, typically forms compounds where it has two bonding sites, as seen with its hydride, hydrogen sulfide. Potassium, found in group 1, forms compounds by donating a single electron, resulting in a 1:1 ratio with hydrogen in potassium hydride.

Answer:

The mass percentage of the solution is 10.46%.

The molality of the solution is 2.5403 mol/kg.

Explanation:

A bottle of wine contains 12.9% ethanol by volume.

This means that in 100 mL of solution 12.9  L of alcohol is present.

Volume of alcohol = v = 12.9 L

Mass of the ethanol = m

Density of the ethanol ,d= [tex]0.789 g/cm^3=0.789 g/mL[/tex]

[tex]1 cm^3=1 mL[/tex]

[tex]m=d\times v=0.798 g/ml\times 12.9 mL = 10.1781 g[/tex]

Mass of water = M

Volume of water ,V= 100 mL - 12.9 mL = 87.1 mL

Density of water = D=1.00 g/mL

[tex]M=D\times V=1.00 g/ml\times 87.1 mL =87.1 g[/tex]

Mass percent

[tex](w/w)\%=\frac{m}{m+M}\times 100[/tex]

[tex]\frac{10.1781 g}{10.1781 g+87.1 g}\times 100=10.46\%[/tex]

Molality :

[tex]m=\frac{m}{\text{molar mass of ethanol}\times M(kg)}[/tex]

M = 87.1 g = 0.0871 kg (1 kg =1000 g)

[tex]=\frac{10.1781 g}{46 g/mol\times 0.0871 kg}[/tex]

[tex]m=2.5403 mol/kg[/tex]

To calculate the concentration of ethanol in wine, multiply the volume percent of ethanol by the density of ethanol. Then divide by the mass of the solution and multiply by 100 to get the mass percent.

To calculate the concentration of ethanol in wine, we can use the mass percent formula. Mass percent is calculated by dividing the mass of the solute (ethanol) by the mass of the solution (wine), and multiplying by 100. The mass of ethanol can be found by multiplying the volume percent of ethanol (12.9%) by the density of ethanol (0.789 g/cm³). The density of wine is typically close to 1 g/cm³. So, to find the concentration of ethanol in terms of mass percent, we can follow these steps:

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Final answer:

To prepare a 100 mM acetic acid solution, calculate the moles needed, measure the glacial acetic acid based on its density and volume, and dilute with distilled water to the final volume. Mix well for homogeneity.

Explanation:

The question involves preparing a solution of acetic acid and relates to the subjects of molarity and solution preparation in chemistry. The solution is to be made to a specified concentration using a direct dilution from a more concentrated stock.

Steps to Prepare 100 mM Acetic Acid Solution

First, we calculate the number of moles of acetic acid required for 100 mL of a 100 mM solution using the molar mass of acetic acid (MW 60.05). Second, we use the density of glacial acetic acid (1.05 g/mL) and the volume needed (from the calculated moles and molarity) to determine how much of the glacial acetic acid to measure out. Finally, we add this measured amount of acid to a beaker and dilute to the mark with distilled water (ddH2O) to achieve the desired final concentration. Mixing with a stir bar ensures a homogeneous solution.

To calculate the mole fraction of acetic acid in a solution, we need the number of moles of acetic acid and the number of moles of water in the solution. This can be accomplished by converting the mass of each component to moles using their respective molar masses.

Answer:

Explanation:

1) A saturated solution is a chemical solution containing the maximum concentration of a solute dissolved in the solvent. The solubility of KCl at 370K is 42%mass -42kg of KCl in 100kg of water+KCl , thus, the amount of water added to 500kg of KCl is:

500 kg of KCl × [tex]\frac{100 kg Water+KCl}{42kgKCl}[/tex] = 1190 kg of water +KCl

1190 kg of water +KCl - 500 kg of KCl = 690 kg of water

2) The maximum amount that this solution could solubilize of KCl at 320K is:

1190 kg of water + KCl × [tex]\frac{31,5 kgKCl}{100kgWater+KCl}[/tex] = 375 kg

Thus, the mass of KCl crystals formed are:

500 kg of KCl - 375 Kg of KCl = 125 kg of KCl

I hope it helps!

Answer: The mass of plastic sheet is [tex]8.1\times 10^4g[/tex]

Explanation:

The plastic sheet is in the form of cuboid. To calculate the volume of cuboid, we use the equation:

[tex]V=lbh[/tex]

where,

V = volume of cuboid

l = length of cuboid = 10.0 m = 1000 cm     (Conversion factor: 1 m = 100 cm)

b = breadth of cuboid = 1.0 m = 100 cm

h = height of cuboid = 1 cm

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]V=1000\times 100\times 1=10^5cm^3[/tex]

To calculate mass of a substance, we use the equation:

[tex]\text{Density of substance}=\frac{\text{Mass of substance}}{\text{Volume of substance}}[/tex]

We are given:

Density of plastic sheet = [tex]0.81g/cm^3[/tex]

Volume of plastic sheet = [tex]10^5cm^3[/tex]

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

[tex]0.81g/cm^3=\frac{\text{Mass of plastic sheet}}{10^5cm^3}\\\\\text{Mass of plastic sheet}=8.1\times 10^4g[/tex]

Hence, the mass of plastic sheet is [tex]8.1\times 10^4g[/tex]

The mass of the plastic sheet is found by multiplying the density (0.81 g/cm³) with its volume (100,000 cm³), resulting in a mass of 81,000 g, or 8.1 × 10⁴ g in scientific notation.

To calculate the mass of a plastic sheet with a given density, you need to multiply its density by its volume. The density of the plastic is given as 0.81 g/cm³. To find the volume, convert all dimensions into the same unit, in this case, centimeters, because the density is given in g/cm³. The sheet is 10.0 m long (1000 cm), 1.0 m wide (100 cm), and 1 cm thick. Therefore, the volume is 1000 cm × 100 cm × 1 cm = 100,000 cm³.

Now, calculate the mass using the formula: mass = density × volume, so mass = 0.81 g/cm³ × 100,000 cm³. The mass of the plastic sheet is thus 81,000 g. To express this in scientific notation, we write it as 8.1 × 10⁴ g.

Answer: The new volume of the gas will be 6.50 L

Explanation:

To calculate the new pressure, we use the equation given by Boyle's law. This law states that pressure is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas at constant temperature.

The equation given by this law is:

[tex]P_1V_1=P_2V_2[/tex]

where,

[tex]P_1\text{ and }V_1[/tex] are initial pressure and volume.

[tex]P_2\text{ and }V_2[/tex] are final pressure and volume.

We are given:

[tex]P_1=0.70atm\\V_1=3.8L\\P_2=0.409atm\\V_2=?L[/tex]

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]0.70atm\times 3.8L=0.409atm\times V_2\\\\V_2=6.50L[/tex]

Hence, the new volume of the gas will be 6.50 L

Answer:

The correct order is: Fluorine; Oxygen; Nitrogen; Carbon; Hydrogen; Sodium.

Explanation:

The electronegativity in the periodic table increases to the right in a period and up in a group. We can figure out the electronegativity of each element according to its electron configuration:

Carbon: [He] [tex]2s^{2} 2p^{2}[/tex]

Fluorine: [He] [tex]2s^{2} 2p^{5}[/tex]

Hydrogen: [tex]1s^{1}[/tex]

Nitrogen: [He] [tex]2s^{2} 2p^{3}[/tex]

Oxygen: [He] [tex]2s^{2} 2p^{4}[/tex]

Sodium: [Ne] [tex]3s^{1} [/tex]

The period of a chemical element is given by the last energy level of electron configuration.

The group of a chemical element is given by the amount of electrons in the last energy level of electron configuration.

Therefore,

Carbon: Period 2 Group 4

Fluorine: Period 2 Group 7

Hydrogen: Period 1 Group 1

Nitrogen: Period 2 Group 5

Oxygen: Period 2 Group 6

Sodium: Period 3 Group 1

Electronegativity increases when the number of the group increases.

Electronegativity increases when the number of the period decreases.

In conclusion, Fluorine has the greatest number of group and Sodium has the lowest number of group (also it has a greater number of period than hydrogen, so it is less electronegative than hydrogen)

F>O>N>C>H>Na

Answer:

Answer has been given below

Explanation:

Answer:

The answer is D. gamma rays

Explanation:

A radioactive atom can have three different types of emission:

alpha particles (α) = they have a mass of 4 amu and they have a very low penetrating power.

Beta particles (β) = they have 5x[tex]10^{-4}[/tex] amu and they have an intermediate penetrating power

Gamma rays (γ) = they are not particles basically just energy so its mass is ≈ 0 and its penetrating power is higher

For this reason Gamma emissions (γ) has the smallest mass value.

Among the options provided, the gamma photon in radioactive emissions has the smallest mass (zero mass), which means that it's the correct answer to the question. Gamma radiation is energy emission without a corresponding mass.

In the context of radioactive emissions, each type has a different mass. The alpha particle is the heaviest and is comprised of two neutrons and two protons. Beta particles, which are electrons (or positrons in the case of beta-plus decay), have a smaller mass. Positrons have the same mass as electrons but with a positive charge.

However, the gamma photon, which is a type of electromagnetic radiation, has no rest mass at all. So, out of the given options, the gamma ray has the smallest (in this case, zero) mass. This is an example of energy being emitted without a corresponding mass in a radioactive process, which often occurs when the remaining nucleus is in an excited state post decay and moves to a lower energy level by emitting a gamma photon.

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Answer:

Final temperature is 302 K

Explanation:

You can now initial volume with ideal gas law, thus:

V = [tex]\frac{n.R.T}{P}[/tex]

Where:

n are moles: 2 moles

R is gas constant: 0,082 [tex]\frac{atm.L}{mol.K}[/tex]

T is temperature: 300 K

P is pressure: 1 atm

V is volume, with these values: 49,2 L

The work in the expansion of the gas, W, is: 1216 J - 34166 J = -32950 J

This work is:

W = P (Vf- Vi)

Where P is constant pressure, 1 atm

And Vf and Vi are final and initial volume in the expansion

-32950 J = -1 atm (Vf-49,2L) × [tex]\frac{101325 J}{1 atm.L}[/tex]

Solving: Vf = 49,52 L

Thus, final temperature could be obtained from ideal gas law, again:

T = [tex]\frac{P.V}{n.R}[/tex]

Where:

n are moles: 2 moles

R is gas constant: 0,082 [tex]\frac{atm.L}{mol.K}[/tex]

P is pressure: 1 atm

V is volume: 49,52 L

T is final temperature: 302 K

I hope it helps!

Explanation:

1)

2)

Element are those substance which can not be split into simpler substance.they are made up of single atom.

Atom is the structural unit of the matter and smallest component of an element.

Molecules are group of atoms bonded together. The atom boned can be of more than one type.

Compounds are group of atoms of different elements bonded together.

3) Oxygen atoms in one molecule of following compounds:

a) [tex]NO_3[/tex]

1 × 3 = 3

There 3 oxygen atoms in the 1 molecule of [tex]NO_3[/tex].

b) [tex]Al(OH)_3[/tex]

3 × 1 = 3

There 3 oxygen atoms in the 1 molecule of [tex]Al(OH)_3[/tex].

c) [tex]Ca(NO_3)_2[/tex]

2 × 3 = 6

There 6 oxygen atoms in the 1 molecule of [tex]Ca(NO_3)_2[/tex].

d) [tex]Ba(OCN)_2[/tex]

2 × 1 = 2

There 6 oxygen atoms in the 1 molecule of [tex]Ba(OCN)_2[/tex].

Answer:

They hydrogen bonds exist at the covalents molecules, as water where the 0 is an atom electronegative. The hydrogen bonds are formed because the hydrogen  gives its electron to oxygen (d-), that's why we say, there is a dipole at the molecule. As the dipole has been formed, the hydrogen who gave the electron to oxygen will try to get another electro from other molecules. That is  how the hydrogen bonds are formed.

Explanation: