What are the arguments for writing efficient programs even though hardware is relatively inexpensive?

Answer:

// here is code in c++.

#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

// main function

int main() {

// variables to read birth month and year

int birthMonth,birthYear;

cout<<"Enter the birth month:";

// read the birth month

cin>>birthMonth;

cout<<"Enter the birth Year:";

// read the birth year

cin>>birthYear;

// print the output

cout<<birthMonth<<"-"<<birthYear<<endl;

return 0;

}

Explanation:

Declare two variables "birthMonth" and "birthYear". Read the value of birthMonth and birthYear from user. Then print the birth month and birth year and a dash(-) in between them.

Output:

Enter the birth month:1                                                                                                                                      

Enter the birth Year:2000                                                                                                                                    

1-2000  

Enter the birth month:5                                                                                                                                      

Enter the birth Year:1950                                                                                                                                    

5-1950

The program is an illustration of a sequential program, and it does not require loops, iterations or conditions.

The programming statements in C++, where comments are used to explain each line is as follows:

//This gets input for birthMonth

cin>>birthMonth;

//This gets input for birthYear

   cin>>birthYear;

// This prints the month, a dash, and the year

   cout<<birthMonth<<"-"<<birthYear;

Read more about similar programs at:

https://brainly.com/question/15187402

Answer:

Human errors, changing requirements, complicated software, etc.

Explanation:

A bug in software is a coding error. The effects are often unexpected and affect the way a programme works, often resulting in the programme not functioning in the way it was intended. There are various reasons that bugs can exist in software, including (but not limited to) the following:

Final answer:

Software has bugs due to the complex nature of writing and integrating numerous lines of code, and the limitations of computer calculations. These bugs provide opportunities for learning and improving through good programming practices and debugging strategies. Quality assurance plays a key role in identifying potential bugs, helping to create more reliable software.

Explanation:

Software bugs are a common occurrence and they stem from a variety of sources. Writing software is a complex process, involving numerous lines of code, and the interaction between these lines can sometimes produce unexpected results, known as bugs. Consider bugs as an opportunity for growth; they provide a chance to learn and improve the software. Quality Assurance (QA) teams are essential in this process, constantly trying to break the software to identify potential issues. Good programming practices and debugging are critical in making the software more reliable. However, due to the complexity of software and limitations such as the accuracy of floating-point calculations, it's hard to eliminate all bugs.

It is important to proactively think about errors during development by asking, "What could go wrong here?" Moreover, implementing unit testing, which involves testing small, isolated parts of the program, helps identify and fix bugs early on. Nevertheless, as programs grow in size and complexity, the likelihood of bugs increases, making the debugging process more challenging.

Simplifying the program can sometimes be the best strategy when faced with a complex bug situation. It allows the developer to strip down to the basics and tackle issues one at a time. Remember, bugs are inevitable, but with careful testing and professional practices, their impact can be minimized, maintaining the credibility of software output.

Answer:

d) all of the above.

Explanation:

Flash Memory is a memory storage that is non volatile.It can be erased electrically and reprogrammed since it is a type of ROM(Read Only Memory).It is the least expensive form of semiconductor memory.It offers lower power consumption and can be erased in large blocks.

Hence the answer to this question is option d.

Answer:

 URI is the uniform resource identifier and it is basically a sequence of the character which identify the physical and logical resources. The uniform resource identifier basically contain the predefined set of rules and syntax and also maintain the extensibility hierarchical schema.

There are basically two types of URI that are:

  1)  Uniform Resource Name (URN)

  2) Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

For example: HTTP protocol , file transfer protocol (FTP).

Answer:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

   srand(time(0));

   for(int i=0;i<5;i++)

   {

      double f = (double)rand() / RAND_MAX;//generating random numbers.

       double a= 5.0 + f * (15.0 - 5.0);//random numbers in range provided.

       cout<<a<<" ";

   }

return 0;

}

Explanation:

The above program generate five random numbers in the range 5.0 to 15.0.The function rand() is used to generate random numbers.First we have to call srand(time(0)) otherwise the rand() function will generate same random numbers over and over every time.

Answer: The difference between the UML state diagram and state transition diagram are as follow:-

Answer: True

Explanation:

  Yes, the given statement is true that the left uncaught, the throwing exceptions caused stop execution or terminate the program. The uncaught exception is basically refers that the compiler control the termination function in the program.  

Left Uncaught exception basically cause termination of the program and also implement the interface in the uncaught exception handler in the particular java thread.

Answer:

d.)either handle the exception or have a throws clause listed in the method header

Explanation:

A checked exception that can be thrown in a method , necessarily needs to be handled in the method in one of the two ways:

For example, let us see both:

a)

public void mymethod(){

// Exception handling using try/catch block

  try{

  }

  catch ( IOException e){

  }

}

b)

public void mymethod() throws IOException{

   // Exception in the throws clause

}

Answer:

 The evaluation of the network is basically depend upon the various factors such as the stage, type and size of the network development. The main purpose for the evaluation of the network is that the system works with high efficiency without any interruption in the network.

According to the size and the type of the network we can easily evaluate the particular network in the system and then we can easily work on the network infrastructure to make the network more efficient.

Answer: True

Explanation:

Social engineering, in regards to information security, it is referred to as the cognitive manipulation of an individual into divulging confidential data and information. This also tends to differs from social engineering within discipline and domain of social sciences, which usually does not concern with the divulging of confidential data and information.

Answer: FALSE

Explanation:

Answer:

public: virtual void print()=0;

Explanation:

An abstract class contains a pure virtual function. Pure virtual class cannot be instantiated but it can be subclassed and the subclass can provide an implementation of the function.

A virtual function declaration in the class is preceded by the virtual keyword. For example, virtual void print();

A pure virtual function declaration is followed by '=0;'

public: virtual void print()=0;

Answer: Instance

Explanation: Instantiation is the creation of the instance for any particular object in the field of object-oriented programming concept. The previously defined objects are realized in a program.This object that gets created in the class is provided with the name and placed in the memory.

They have their certain methods, process and properties on which they access.Other options are incorrect because instantiate object does not gets created from the link, object or prototype.Thus, the correct option is instance.

Answer:

  The three tier architecture is based on the client and server architecture. It is basically maintain the independent module on the individual platform.

In the three tier architecture, it include various functional process, data computer storage and the user interface are basically developed in this architecture.

The three tier architecture are:

Answer:

The three hints for the computer system design is that:

Answer:

True.

Explanation:

Sometimes there comes a problem in computer systems of continuous reboots of a windows this could due to following reasons such as software issues,bad power supply,bad hard drive,hardware issues.

If the issue is from startup and recovery configuration or software you can see it by going in the Control Panel System applet given in the question.

Answer: A database management system tends to support administration, development, and use of the platforms. A Relation Database Management System (RDBMS) is referred to as a type of Database Management System (DBMS) that consists of a structure(row-based table) that tends to connect data elements and also involve functions that are supposed to maintain accuracy, security, consistency and integrity of the data.

Answer: There are several methods that are used for maintenance of safety and defensing the network against any type of hacking or attacking.Some of the methods are mentioned as follows:-

Answer: Data-link layer

Explanation:Data link layer is the second layer of the OSI(Open system interconnection) that functions by managing the movement of the data/information into physical link. This layer encapsulates both header and trailer.

Header is  the part of data link layer that has the purpose of having control  data and its activities which are added at the start of PDU(protocol data unit)  like addressing .Trailer is the part that serves as containing the information of control which gets attached at the bottom part of the PDU

Answer:

  Wi-Fi(Wireless fidelity) is the networking technology that helps in providing the internet connectivity to the users. The Wi-Fi is all around the surrounding due to several Wi-Fi connections the users demand and use. It creates the networking environment where internet access becomes easy.

There are drawback to Wi-Fi service range that covers a large area is the high number of users.The addition of many users slow down the data rate and accessing .The radiation from this service is also a negative side of the Wi-Fi pervasiveness.

Final answer:

The downsides to the pervasiveness of Wi-Fi include the digital divide, security risks, and the psychological impact of being constantly connected. To mitigate these issues, digital literacy, cybersecurity, and healthy digital habits are crucial.

Explanation:

Wi-Fi's pervasiveness indeed comes with downsides alongside the immense benefits it provides in terms of connectivity and access to information. One major concern is the digital divide, a gap that is widening between those who have access to technology and those who do not, both locally and globally. This phenomenon can lead to disparities in access to information and inequalities in educational and economic opportunities.

Another significant concern is security risks. With Wi-Fi networks, there is the potential for eavesdropping and unauthorized access to communications, raising issues of privacy and data protection. As we further integrate Wi-Fi and other wireless technologies into critical infrastructure and personal devices, the risk for systemic failures and technological vulnerabilities increases, which could have severe consequences in the event of natural disasters or targeted attacks.

Answer: All of the above

Explanation: Extended Access Control Lists(ACL) is the system that works between the Source IP address and the destination IP address for the granting or denying the permission for the traffic flow. This has very certain functioning and allow the traffic on the basis of the protocols such as TCP(transmission control protocol),UDP(user datagram protocol) etc.

All the given option are correct because IPv4(internet protocol version 4), TCP pots and UDP ports are the protocol types for source and can be filtered through extended ACL. Thus the correct option is all of the above.

Answer: Contracts

Explanation:

The contract is the mechanism which is basically used by the developers to follow the set of rules that is defined in the framework with the proper specification in the API ( Application programming interface).

The contract is the proper agreement between the two and more developers so that they must follow the rules that is mentioned in the agreement contract.  

The contract is widely used in the software development process in which all the possible design requirement are mentioned according to the needs of the client.

Therefore, Contract is the correct option.

Answer:

// here is code in c++ to find the approx value of "e".

#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

// function to find factorial of a number

double fact(int n){

double f =1.0;

// if n=0 then return 1

if(n==0)

return 1;

for(int a=1;a<=n;++a)

       f = f *a;

// return the factorial of number

return f;

}

// driver function

int main()

{

// variable

int n;

double sum=0;

cout<<"enter n:";

// read the value of n

cin>>n;

// Calculate the sum of the series

  for (int x = 0; x <= n; x++)

  {

     sum += 1.0/fact(x);

  }

  // print the approx value of "e"

    cout<<"Approx Value of e is: "<<sum<<endl;

return 0;

}

Explanation:

Read the value of "n" from user. Declare and initialize variable "sum" to store the sum of series.Create a function to Calculate the factorial of a given number. Calculate the sum of all the term of the series 1+1/1!+1/2!.....+1/n!.This will be the approx value of "e".

Output:

enter n:12

Approx Value of e is: 2.71828

Euler's number, e, can be approximated using a series expansion. The provided C program calculates e by summing the series up to 1/n! where n is entered by the user.

Euler's number, e, is a mathematical constant approximately equal to 2.71828. It can be computed using the series expansion:

Below is a C program that approximates e by computing the sum up to 1/n! where n is an integer entered by the user.

Answer:

False.

Explanation:

In C programming language the file which containing the code that we are writing the code is have the file extension .c and for c++ it is .cpp.  C programming language is a general purpose procedural computer programming language.

.g file extension is for data chart file format used by APPLAUSE database development software.

Hence the answer to this question is false.

Answer: (C) Physical

Explanation:

 When the destination are selected by the network then, it makes the connection for transferring the data packets by using physical layer.

As, the physical layer is basically responsible for transmitting the data and reception of the data between the physical medium and device.

The physical layer basically provide the electrical interface during the transmission of data. The physical layer in the network basically provide the hardware elements like cable, ethernet and repeaters.  

Answer: (A) Only unique

Explanation:

 Enumeration basically contain only unique value as enumeration is define as the set of the numeric values that is finite and it is represent specifically by the identifiers which is known as the enumeration constant.  

It only work with the finite values and also hide all the un-relevant and unnecessary information from the programmers. Enumeration is the type of the data type variable which contain only previous declared values.  

Answer:

 The three key charactertics of the operating system process is that:

Answer: True

Explanation:

 Yes, the given statement is true that the standard are basically used when the organization are selected for the solution to fulfilling the particular policy goals. In the organization are standard are basically require for the software and hardware solutions to control the security risk.

Adopting standard in the organization it provide many advantages like it helps to save money and productivity of the organization or company.

Standard are basically establish a common throughput in the organization which provide all the department in the organization on the same level.

Explanation:

Age = 23.

To convert a base 10 number to hexadecimal number we have to repeatedly divide the decimal number by 16 until  it becomes zero and store the remainder in the reverse direction of obtaining them.

23/16=1 remainder = 5

1/16=0 remainder = 1

Now writing the remainders in reverse direction that is 15.

My age in hexadecimal number is (15)₁₆.

Answer:

// import package

import java.util.*;

// class definition

class Salary

{

   // method to calculate weekly salary

   public static double fun(int p_rate,int r_hour,int o_hour)

   {

       // calculate weekly salary

       double w_salary=(p_rate*r_hour)+(o_hour*p_rate*1.5);

       // return salary

       return w_salary;

   }

   // main method of the class

public static void main (String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception

{

   try{

    // object to read value from user

    Scanner scr=new Scanner(System.in);

       System.out.print("enter hourly pay rate: ");

       // read hourly pay rate

       int p_rate=scr.nextInt();

       System.out.print("enter regular hours: ");

       //read regular hours

       int r_hour=scr.nextInt();

       System.out.print("enter overtime hours : ");

       // read overtime hours

       int o_hour=scr.nextInt();

       // call the method

       System.out.println("weekly salary of an employee :"+fun(p_rate,r_hour,o_hour));

   }catch(Exception ex){

       return;}

}

}

Explanation:

Read hourly pay rate, regular hours and overtime hours from user.Call the method sal() with these parameters.There weekly salary is calculated by multiply regular hours with p_rate and overtime hours with 1.5 time of p_rate.Sum both of them, this will be the weekly salary.return this to main method and print it.

Output:

enter hourly pay rate: 50                                                                                                  

enter regular hours: 35                                                                                                    

enter overtime hours : 15                                                                                                  

weekly salary of an employee :2875.0

The `Salary` application prompts the user for hourly pay rate, regular hours, and overtime hours, then calculates and displays the weekly salary using a separate method to calculate overtime pay.

Here's the Java program `Salary.java` that calculates and displays the weekly salary for an employee:

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Salary {

   public static void main(String[] args) {

       Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

       // Prompt the user for input

       System.out.print("Enter hourly pay rate: ");

       double hourlyPayRate = scanner.nextDouble();

       System.out.print("Enter regular hours: ");

       double regularHours = scanner.nextDouble();

       System.out.print("Enter overtime hours: ");

       double overtimeHours = scanner.nextDouble();

       // Calculate and display the weekly salary

       double weeklySalary = calculateWeeklySalary(hourlyPayRate, regularHours, overtimeHours);

       System.out.println("Weekly salary: $" + weeklySalary);

       scanner.close();

   }

   // Method to calculate overtime pay

   public static double calculateWeeklySalary(double hourlyPayRate, double regularHours, double overtimeHours) {

       double regularPay = regularHours * hourlyPayRate;

       double overtimePay = overtimeHours * hourlyPayRate * 1.5;

       return regularPay + overtimePay;

   }

}

Explanation:

You can compile and run this program to calculate and display the weekly salary for an employee based on the provided hourly pay rate, regular hours, and overtime hours.

Answer:

Following are the program in c++

if(score>= 90)

 // check if score 90 or higher

{

comments = "Excellent"; // initialize comments to excellent

}

else if(score<90 && score >= 80)

// check if  when score is between 80 and 89

{

comments = "Good";   //initialize comments to good

}

else

//when score is less than 80.

{

comments = "Try Harder"; //initialize comments to try harder

}

Explanation:

Following are the program in c++ language

#include<iostream> // header file

using namespace std;  // namespace

int main() // main function

{

string comments; // variable

int score;  // variable declaration

cout<<" enter score ";

cin>>score;

if(score>= 90)

{

comments = "Excellent"; // initialize comments to execellent

}

else if(score<90 && score >= 80)

{

comments = "Good";   //initialize comments to good

}

else

{

comments = "Try Harder"; //initialize comments to try harder

}

cout<<comments;

return(0);

}

Output:

enter score

45

Try Harder

In this we check the condition  

if score>= 90 then it store the Excellent in variable  comments of type string

if(score<90 && score >= 80)

it store the Good in variable comments of type string.

otherwise it store harder in variable comments of type string.