what are the purpose of each in c++?

if statements?
switch statements?
multiway if?
nested loops?
rand?
srand?
seed?

Answer:

Anti-Phising softwares in stand alone systems connected to  a centralized database.

Explanation:

In order to protect oneself from URL obfuscation attacks one should install anti-phising software in their systems which is a software to warn users when exposed to obfuscation attacks. These software when connected contains a centralized database maintained which warns users when they try to access an effected URL. So upon clicking such URL the users are warned in their screen and thus provided with an option to return to their previous page.

Anti-phising software come handy in preventing such attacks while accessing certain URLs in their mails also.

Answer: False

Explanation: In java, whenever a final class is declared it cannot be extended further and also it is not possible for a declared class to be overridden in the sub class. A class can be declared final by using the final keyword. Final class cannot be extended but they can be used to extend the other classes.Therefore the final class cannot be sub classed before it in java.

Answer and Explanation:

Yes, the situation mentioned in the question is agreeable.

Diversity in the field source system is due to the presence of data elements present in the system which directly increases the complexity of the system.The data can be stored in one place in any amount at present time due to developed technology but there are chances of lapse and complexity.

The reason is the variety of types of data that is stored which makes it difficult to access the data related to every single element especially when the data storage is in a large amount. Individual data sources also don't show high dependency on. Thus the complexity arises.

Answer:

Constant

Explanation:

A default argument is a value provided in a function declaration that the compiler automatically assigns if the function caller does not provide a default value for the argument.

The value of a default argument must be constant.

The default value parameter must be a  constant for compiling. Compiler does not accept dynamically calculated value against optional parameter. The reason behind this it is not certain that the dynamic value you provide would offer some valid value.

Example:

#include<iostream>  

using namespace std;  

/*A function with default arguments, it can be called upto 4 arguments*/

int sumnum(int x, int y, int z=0, int w=0)  

{  

return (x + y + z + w);  

}  

int main()  //driver function

{  

cout << sumnum(10, 15) << endl;  

cout << sumnum(10, 15, 25) << endl;  

cout << sumnum(10, 15, 25, 30) << endl;  

return 0;  

}

Output

25

50

80

Answer:

two

Explanation:

A linked list is a data structure which stores the multiple-element with data type

and a pointer that stores the address of the next element.

A linked list is a series of nodes connecting each other by a pointer.

a node contains data and a pointer.

For build an array, two pointers are used:

the first pointer for specifies the starting node called head node.

and the second pointer is used to connect the other node to build the linked list.

Both are used to build the array if we lose the head node we cannot apply the operation because we do not know the starting node and we cannot traverse the whole linked list.

for example:

1->2->3->4->5

here, 1 is the head node and -> denote the link which makes by the second pointer.

Final answer:

To build a linked list, at least two pointers are needed: one for the head of the list and another within each node to point to the next node.

Explanation:

To build a linked list, you need two pointers. The first pointer typically points to the head of the list, which is the first node in the list. The second pointer, found within each node, points to the next node in the list. This setup allows the linked list to efficiently add and remove elements, by adjusting these pointers appropriately when nodes are inserted or deleted.

In contrast to arrays, linked lists do not use contiguous memory space and they allow for efficient insertions and deletions. They can grow and shrink during the execution of a program. Each node in a singly linked list generally contains the data part and the next pointer. However, in a doubly linked list, each node contains an additional pointer, known as the previous pointer, referencing the preceding node in the sequence to allow bidirectional traversal.

Answer:

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

  int length = 16;

   int width = 18;

   int perimeter = (2*length) + (2 * width);

   cout<<"The perimeter is: "<<perimeter<<endl;

}

Explanation:

First include the library iostream in the c++ program for input/output.

then, create the main function and define the variable with given values in the length and width.

After that calculate the perimeter by using the formula.

perimeter = 2*length + 2*width

and finally display the output  on the screen by using the cout instruction.

Answer:

To put it simply, the main benefit for a business to use wireless electricity is money.

Explanation:

Assuming that the company in question can solve specific hurdles such as Microwave Interference and Implementation costs. Then they would save a huge amount of money in the mid to long term since wireless electricity needs very little landscape and does not need cables and transmitting towers as opposed to traditional electrical systems.

Hope you have found this explanation helpful and If you have any more questions please feel free to ask them here at Brainly, We are always here to help.

Wireless electricity offers businesses enhanced reliability, reduced transmission losses, and operational flexibility. Smart Grid principles further improve efficiency and optimize energy usage. These benefits lead to greater cost savings and improved service reliability.

Wireless electricity offers several significant advantages for businesses:

Implementation and Efficiency

Consumer Advantages

Answer:

B. queue

Explanation:

If the data needs to be processed in a First In First Out (FIFO) manner, we typically use a queue.

Answer: It’s expensive and difficult to use

Explanation:

 The problems with project management software is that it is expensive and difficult to use as, the scale of project grow and their impact reach beyond the functional unit. Budget is one of the main issue in planning and tracking. It is time intensive to learn and refresh the interface design and also there is no invoicing or billing included.

Answer:

a. Unsigned integer  107

b. Signed magnitude integer  -43

c. One’s complement integer  -20

d. Two’s complement integer  21

e. ASCII character k

Explanation:

a) For unsigned integer,

   We put this value in representation of binary and put binary number in it.

   we will place 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 ...(powers of two)

                         64  32  16  8  4  2  1

                           1     1    0   1   0   1   1        

The positions at 1 is present,we will add those numbers.In this                (64+32+8+2+1) =107 is there.

So,107 will be the representation.

b)For signed magnitude integer,

  The representation is just the same,but as signed integers the first bit represent the negative number.

                         64  32  16  8  4  2  1

                           1     1    0   1   0   1   1    

The first bit is for Negative(-),then we will add other number where 1 is present.In this (32+8+2+1)=43.We will add (-) due to signed integers.

So,-43 will be the representation.

c) For One's complement integer,

We will compliment the bits of binary number.At the place of 1 ,place 0 and at the place of 0,place 1.

                             1     1    0   1   0   1   1    

    Compliment   0   0    1   0  1   0   0    

Then,We put this value in representation of binary and put binary number in it, we will place 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 ...(powers of two)                

                         64  32  16  8  4  2  1

                          0   0    1   0  1   0   0  

The positions at 1 is present,we will add those numbers.In this (16+8)=20    we will put negative at the starting because of the compliment

So, -20 will be the representation.

d)For Two's complement integer,

After compliment of bits At the place of 1 ,place 0 and at the place of 0,place 1.Then,we add 1 bit to the Least significant bit(Lsb).

                             1     1    0   1   0   1   1    

   Compliment     0   0    1   0  1   0   0    

 Add 1 to Lsb       0   0    1   0  1   0   0

                                                       +   1

   Number           0   0    1   0  1   0   1

Then,We put this value in representation of binary and put binary number in it, we will place 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 ...(powers of two)                

                         64  32  16  8  4  2  1

                          0   0    1   0  1   0   1  

The positions at 1 is present,we will add those numbers.In this (16+8+1)=21

So,21 will be the representation.

e. For ASCII character,

First,convert it into decimal

  We multiply bits with 2^n,from ascending numbers to 0 to (n-1),and add them

           =   1 * 2^6 + 1*2^5 + 0* 2^4 + 1*2^3 + 0* 2^2 + 1*2^1 + 1* 2^0  

              =   64+32+8+2+1

                =  107

Then,we check in Ascii table 107 decimal number's position ,k is there.

So,k will be the representation.

Answer:

TRUE. Variable length instruction architectures are better at memory efficiency than fixed length architectures.

Explanation:

Variable length instruction architectures use memory efficiently than fixed length architectures. Fixed length instructions are used in RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computers) , where as CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computers ) have instructions of variable length. In fixed instruction length architectures if the instruction has shorter length than that of fixed length it requires padding to increase the instruction length to fixed length. This is wastage of memory.

// here i am writing C++ code

public class PricedApt extends RentalApt {

private double price;

RentalApt(firstname,price,b,lastname): PricedApt(firstname,b,lastname){

// As there is only one member in this class this means that every argument //coming to it is supposed to be passed to the parent class constructor.

// in c++ : operator is used to call the super class constructor

this.price = price;

}

}

// writing c++ code...

// taking input

cout<< " Enter the floating point number : ";

cin>>fnumber;

// calculating the Fahrenheit temp

far_temp= (9.0/5.0) * fnumber +32;

cout<<" Fahrenheit = "<< far_temp;

Answer:

Output

Temperature Converter

C-----From Celsius to Fahrenheit

F-----From Fahrenheit to Celsius

Enter your choice (C or F):  

C

Enter temperature in Celsius:  

45

Temperature in Fahrenheit: 113.0 °F

Explanation:

Below given is a java code that will convert Celsius to Fahrenheit or the other way:-

import java.util.Scanner;

public class TemperatureConvertor {

public static void main(String[] args){

 double celsius=0.0;

 double fahrenheit=0.0;

 String choice;

 Scanner input=new Scanner(System.in);

 System.out.println("Temperature Convertor");

 System.out.println("C-----From Celsius to Fahrenheit");

 System.out.println("F-----From Fahrenheit to Celsius");

 System.out.println("Enter your choice (C or F): ");

 choice=input.next();

 if(choice.equals("C")){

  System.out.println("Enter temperature in Celsius: ");

  celsius=input.nextDouble();

  fahrenheit=((9*celsius)/5)+32;

  System.out.println("Temperature in Fahrenheit: "+fahrenheit+" °F");

 }else if(choice.equals("F")){

  System.out.println("Enter temperature in Fahrenheit: ");

  fahrenheit=input.nextDouble();

  celsius=(5*(fahrenheit-32))/9;

  System.out.println("Temperature in Celcius: "+celsius+" °C");

 }else{

  System.out.println("Wrong choice !!!");

 }

}

}

Answer:

# In the new version of python is available the functions mean() an variance()

# In the module of statistics

i = 0 #Var to input the elements

l = [] #Var to store the elements on a list

while(i>0):

    print("In put a positive number to add in the list or negative to exit ")

    i = input()

    l.append(i)

    print("The mean of the all elements is: " + mean(l) )

    print("The variance of the all elements is: " + variance(i) )

Explanation:

At present, you can use in the news python's verison e.g. (python 3.7) the statistics module and use functions like mean(), variance(), stdev() and many others.

In the first step you create two variables, i to recieve the inputs of a loop and l to store all the elements recieved in the i variable. after that you pass as an argument the list that you stored before and get the mean() and variance() of the all elements in the list.

I hope it's help you.

Answer:

Data Mining is the process of getting important data from the given set of large amount of data based on some attributes and dimensions

Explanation:

Data Mining can be used in all kind of organizations to take some important decisions based on historical data

Answer: a) Two's complement number

Explanation: IMUL that is referred as signed multiply which performs the multiplication operation of two operands and IDIV is the referred as the signed division which performs the division between two operands. They perform their action on the two's complement number because of their signed behavior otherwise unsigned multiplication(MUL) and division(DIV) are  also present for other numbers.

Answer: error

Explanation: the word ‘error’ will flash up

Explanation:

Below is required code in java :-

public class Table{

   private String color;    //attribute to store the color of the table

   public Table(){    //default constructor

       this.color="";   //set a default blank color

   }

   public Table(String color){    //overloaded constructor

       this.color=color;    //set the color value equal to the parameter provided

   }

   public void setColor(String color){    //setter or mutator method

       this.color=color;    //set the color value equal to the parameter provided

   }

}

Answer:

function getLongestString(strings) {  

return strings.reduce( (acc, cur) => acc.length > cur.length ? acc : cur);

}

Explanation:

A reducer applies the same operation to each array element. In this case, the longest string is stored in the accumulator (acc), and is replaced only by the current element (cur) if the current element is longer than the accumulator.

Answer: This can be explained s follows :-

Explanation: The approach in which services available in the network are used by the applications is called service oriented architecture. In such structure a business function is provided by each service that is independent of other services.

Object oriented programming is a programming paradigm. OOP can be used outside of that architecture or it can be apart of SOA as well .

Answer: True

Explanation: Yes, there is a major impact of the decision maker's attitude on a risky situation. In risky situation if the decision maker is on side of taking non-risking decision then there would be less chances of severe outcome but if the decision maker tends to take risk then the situation can have any sort of impact good or bad as outcome. Therefore there is a huge impact of decision makers attitude.

Answer: True

Explanation:

Variable length instructions generally implemented by CISC processors use memory more efficiently than fixed length instruction of RISC processors sets because CISC supports array whereas RISC does not. Also CISC uses more complex addressing modes which consumes less memory cycles and the the program is also reduces. In Fixed length instruction in RISC processor the simple instructions has to be used a number of time which leads to more memory cycles.

Answer:   0,1,2,3

Explanation:

The array contains 4 elements that is 1,3,5,7.So the size of the array is 4.The indexing in an array starts from 0 means the element at 0 index is the first element in the array So 1 is at the index 0 and the index will increase by 1 as we move right of the array.So 3 is at the index 1 ,5 is at the index 2 and 7 is at the index 3.So the indices are 0,1,2,3.

Answer:

b- Cited,then refuted

Explanation:

Citation enhances persuasion of information sources.

Refutation means understanding the viewpoint of the opposition and then countering it by providing respective evidence  or by finding mistakes in the logic of the opposition's argument.

cout<<"Enter a number in the range of 1 - 10 ";

cin>>num;

// check if the input is valid

if(num<0 || num > 10)

cout<<"Invalid Number"

// checking for appropriate output

switch(num){

case 1:

cout<< "|";

case 2:

cout<< "||";

case 3:

cout<< "|||";

case 4:

cout<< "|V";

case 5:

cout<< "V";

case 6:

cout<< "V|";

case 7:

cout<< "V||";

case 8:

cout<< "V|||";

case 9:

cout<< "|X";

case 10:

cout<< "X";

default :

cout<<" Nothing found";

}

Final answer:

The program asks the user to enter a number between 1 and 10 and uses a switch statement to convert it to a Roman numeral, with input validation to ensure the number is within the specified range.

Explanation:

Converting Numbers to Roman Numerals Using a Switch Statement

To write a program that asks for a number in the range of 1 through 10 and converts it to a Roman numeral, we can utilize a switch statement. Here is an example code in a programming language like C++ or Java:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
main() {
 int number;
 cout << "Enter a number in the range of 1 - 10: ";
 cin >> number;
 switch(number) {
   case 1: cout << 'I'; break;
   case 2: cout << 'II'; break;
   case 3: cout << 'III'; break;
   case 4: cout << 'IV'; break;
   case 5: cout << 'V'; break;
   case 6: cout << 'VI'; break;
   case 7: cout << 'VII'; break;
   case 8: cout << 'VIII'; break;
   case 9: cout << 'IX'; break;
   case 10: cout << 'X'; break;
   default: cout << "Error: invalid input.";
 }

 return 0;
}
This program will display a Roman numeral corresponding to the number entered by the user, ensuring that input validation is performed and only numbers between 1 and 10 are accepted.

Final answer:

Frames encapsulate packets in the context of networking, where the data link layer adds headers and trailers to the packet, forming a frame that is transmitted over the physical medium.

Explanation:

In the context of networking, frames encapsulate packets. When a packet, which is the unit of data at the network layer, is passed down to the data link layer to be prepared for physical transfer, it is encapsulated within a frame. The data link layer adds a header and sometimes a trailer to the packet, creating a frame. This frame includes not only the original packet's data but also additional information such as source and destination addresses, error-checking codes (like CRC), and control information necessary for establishing reliable links and ensuring data integrity over the physical medium.

The process can be thought of as an envelope (the frame) that carries a letter (the packet) inside it. Each network layer adds its own 'envelope' with specific information required for its operations. At the destination, these envelopes are removed in reverse order as data moves up through the layers until the original packet is delivered to the appropriate network layer application.

Answer:

Recursive function with two parameters that return the number of uppercase letters in a String

public static int count(String str,int h)//Defining function

{

      if(str.charAt(0)>='A' && str.charAt(0)<='Z')//Checking the characters from A to Z

{

          h++; //incrementing the counter

          if(str.length()>=2){

              return count(str.substring(1),h);//recalling function

          }

      }

      if(str.length()>=2){

              return count(str.substring(1),h); //recalling function

      }

      return h;

  }

This is the recursive function with the name count of return type integer,having parameters str of string type and h of integer type.In this we are checking the characters at a particular position from A to Z.

Recursive function with one parameter that return the number of uppercase letters in a String

public static int count(String str)//Defining function

{

      if(str.charAt(0)>='A' && str.charAt(0)<='Z')//Checking the characters from A to Z

{

          count++; //incrementing the counter

          if(str.length()>=2){

              return count(str.substring(1));//recalling function

          }

      }

      if(str.length()>=2){

              return count(str.substring(1)); //recalling function

      }

      return count;

  }

This is the recursive function with the name count of return type integer,having parameters str of string type .In this we are checking the characters at a particular position from A to Z.

Java program that return the number of uppercase letters in a String

import java.util.*;

public class Myjava{

static int count =0;//Defining globally  

public static int count(String str,int h)//Defining function

{

      if(str.charAt(0)>='A' && str.charAt(0)<='Z')//Checking the characters from A to Z

{

          h++;

//incrementing the counter

          if(str.length()>=2){

              return count(str.substring(1),h);//recalling function

          }

      }

      if(str.length()>=2){

              return count(str.substring(1),h);

//recalling function

      }

      return h;

  }

  public static void main(String[] args)//driver function

  {

      System.out.println("Enter a string");//taking input

      Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

      String s = scan.nextLine();

      int h =0;

      System.out.println("Counting the Uppercase letters: "+count(s,h));

  }

}

Output

Enter a string  WolFIE

Counting the Uppercase letters: 4

Final answer:

The question involves writing two methods to recursively count the number of uppercase letters in a String: a base method and a recursive helper method. The base method initiates the recursion with the string and its length, while the helper method implements the recursive logic, decrementing the count and checking for uppercase characters.

Explanation:

The question asks for the development of a recursive method to count the number of uppercase letters in a given string. This involves writing a base method count(String str) that initiates the recursion and a helper method count(String str, int high) which performs the actual recursive logic.

Method Definition

To achieve this, first, the base method needs to call the recursive helper method with the initial parameters - the string itself and the length of the string as the starting point. The recursive method will then decrement the count while checking for uppercase characters until it reaches the base case where the index (or high) is less than 0.

Example Implementation

public static int count(String str) {
   return count(str, str.length() - 1);
}

public static int count(String str, int high) {
   if (high < 0) {
       return 0;
   } else {
       int count = Character.isUpperCase(str.charAt(high)) ? 1 : 0;
       return count + count(str, high - 1);
   }
}

In this example, count("WolFIE") will indeed return 4, as it correctly identifies 'W', 'F', 'I', 'E' as uppercase letters.