Given a diprotic acid, h2a, with two ionization constants of ka1 = 2.3× 10–4 and ka2 = 3.0× 10–12, calculate the ph for a 0.107 m solution of naha.
To calculate the pH of a 0.107 M NaHA solution, where HA is part of a diprotic acid with given Ka values, HA^-− dissociates in water according to its first ionization step. The pH is determined using the Ka1 value and is calculated to be approximately 1.80.
Explanation:To calculate the pH for a 0.107 M solution of NaHA, where HA is a diprotic acid (H2A), given Ka1 = 2.3× 10–4 and Ka2 = 3.0× 10–12, we first need to consider what happens when NaHA dissolves in water.
NaHA will dissociate to form NA+ and HA−. Since the concentration of NaHA is relatively high and Ka1 is significantly greater than Ka2, we can assume that the HA− will primarily dissociate according to the first ionization step, while the second ionization can be neglected in this approximation.
The ionization can be represented as:
HA−(aq) + H2O(l) → A2−(aq) + H3O+(aq).
Writing the expression for Ka1 we have:
Ka1 = [H3O+][A2−]/[HA−].
Assuming that [H3O+] = [A2−], we can simplify this to:
Ka1 = [H3O+]^2/[HA−].
Rearranging and solving for [H3O+], we get:
[H3O+] = √(Ka1 × [HA−]). Substituting the given values in:
[H3O+] = √(2.3× 10–4 × 0.107) = √(2.461× 10–4) ≈ 1.57× 10–2.
Using the formula for pH, pH = -log[H3O+], we find:
pH = -log(1.57× 10–2) ≈ 1.80.
Thus, the pH of the 0.107 M NaHA solution is approximately 1.80.
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The pH of a 0.107 M solution of NaHA, derived from the diprotic acid H₂A, is calculated to be approximately 6.24.
To calculate the pH of a 0.107 M solution of NaHA, a salt derived from the diprotic acid H₂A, we will consider that NaHA will primarily exist as HA⁻ in the solution. This involves both the first and second ionization constants of the diprotic acid.
Given:
Ka1 = 2.3 × 10⁻⁴Ka2 = 3.0 × 10⁻¹²Concentration of NaHA (HA⁻) = 0.107 MStep-by-step calculation:
The dissolution of NaHA completely dissociates into Na⁺ and HA⁻. Adding NaHA will increase [HA⁻].The equilibrium for the second dissociation step of the diprotic acid H₂A (HA⁻ ⇌ H⁺ + A²⁻) is significant here:Ka₂ = [H⁺][A²⁻] / [HA⁻]
Assume the initial concentration of HA⁻ is approximately equal to the initial concentration of NaHA (0.107 M) as the dissociation is minimal. Let the change in concentration be 'x.'
Hence:
Ka₂ = 3.0 × 10⁻¹² = (x)(x) / (0.107 - x) ≈ x² / 0.107
Solving for 'x':
x = [H⁺] = √(Ka₂ × 0.107) = √(3.0 × 10⁻¹² × 0.107) ≈ 5.7 × 10⁻⁷ M
pH = -log[H⁺] = -log(5.7 × 10⁻⁷) ≈ 6.24
Therefore, the pH of a 0.107 M solution of NaHA is approximately 6.24
Which statements correctly describe atmospheric pressure?
Calculate the change in entropy that occurs in the system when 1.24 mol of isopropyl alcohol (c3h8o) melts at its melting point (-89.5 ∘c). heat of fusion is 5.37 kj/mol.
Answer: The change in entropy that occurs in the system is 36.3 J/Kmol
Explanation:
Given : 1 mole of isopropyl alcohol gives heat = 5.37 kJ
Thus 1.24 moles of isopropyl alcohol gives heat = [tex]\frac{5.37}{1}\times 1.24=6.66 kJ[/tex]
To calculate the temperature , we use the equation:
[tex]\Delta S_f=\frac{\Delta H_{f}}{T}[/tex]
where,
[tex]\Delta S_f[/tex] = Entropy of fusion = ?
[tex]\Delta H_{f}[/tex] = enthalpy of fusion = 6.66 kJ/mol = 6660 J/mol (1kJ=1000J)
T = melting point = [tex]-89.5^0C=(273-89.5)K=183.5K[/tex]
[tex]\Delta S_f=\frac{6660J/mol}{183.5K}=36.3J/Kmol[/tex]
Thus the change in entropy that occurs in the system is 36.3 J/Kmol
what information is required to calculate the average atomic mass of an element
Answer:
The average atomic mass of an element is the sum of the masses of its isotopes, each multiplied by its natural abundance
Explanation:
To determine the average atomic mass, we require abundance of every isotope in the nature.
Average atomic mass is defined as the sum of masses of each isotope each multiplied by their natural fractional abundance.
a sample of O2 of volume 4.56 L was collected over water at 25c and a total pressure of 1.00 atm. The partial pressure of water is 34.5 Torr. How many moles of O2molescules were collected?
Answer:
0.178 moles of oxygen gas molecules were collected.
Explanation:
Pressure at which oxygen gas collected = p= 1.00 atm
Vapor pressure of the water [tex]p'=34.5 Torr=\frac{34.5}{760} atm=0.0454 atm[/tex]
Pressure of the oxygen gas = P
p = p' + P
[tex]1.00 atm =0.0454 atm+P[/tex]
P = 1.00 atm - 0.0454 atm = 0.9546 atm
Volume of the oxygen gas = V = 4.56 L
Moles of oxygen gas = n
Temperature at which gas collected = T = [tex]25^oC=273+25=298 K[/tex]
[tex]PV=nRT[/tex] (ideal gas)
[tex]n=\frac{PV}{RT}=\frac{0.9546 atm\times 4.56 L}{0.0821 atm L/mol K\times 298 K}=0.178 mol[/tex]
0.178 moles of oxygen gas molecules were collected.
I need both answers please.
Answer:
For the first one it is x=π/3+2πn and 2π/3+2πn and for the second one it is π/2
Explanation:
A girl holds the end of rope tied at the other end to a tree. The rope is making 3 waves.
Which statements describe the wave? Check all that apply.
~The wave is a mechanical wave.
~The wave is an electromagnetic wave.
~The wave moves energy through matter.
~The wave moves energy through space without matter.
~The wave transfers energy parallel to the motion of the wave.
~The wave transfers energy perpendicular to the motion of the wave.
Answer:
1,3,6
Explanation:
Answer:
1,3,6
Explanation:
Fluorine gas reacts with aqueous iron (II) iodide to produce aqueous iron (II) fluoride and iodine liquid. What is the balanced chemical equation for this reaction? Group of answer choices F+ Fe2 I → Fe2 F + FeI2 → FeF2 + I 2 F + FeI2 → FeF2 + 2 I F2 + 2 Fe2I → 2 Fe2 F + I2
Final answer:
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between fluorine gas and aqueous iron (II) iodide is F₂ + 2 FeI₂ → 2 FeF₂ + I₂, indicating the direct combination of these substances to form new products.
Explanation:
The reaction between fluorine gas and aqueous iron (II) iodide to produce aqueous iron (II) fluoride and iodine liquid can be represented as a balanced chemical equation. When writing a balanced chemical equation, it is vital to ensure that the number of atoms of each element on the reactants side is equal to the number of atoms of that element on the products side, adhering to the law of conservation of mass.
The correct balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:
F₂ + 2 FeI₂ → 2 FeF₂ + I₂
Here, one mole of fluorine gas reacts with two moles of iron (II) iodide to produce two moles of iron (II) fluoride and one mole of iodine.
1. Every substance is either an element or a(n)______________.
(molecular, diatomic, compound,nonmetals)
2. A compound is either _________ or ionic in nature.
(molecular, diatomic, compound,nonmetals)
3. Most molecular compounds are composed of two or more _________.
(molecular, diatomic, compound,nonmetals)
4. Molecules consisting of two atoms are ____________ molecules.
(molecular, diatomic, compound,nonmetals)
5. The chemical formula of a molecular compound is a ________.
(low, molecular formula, high, structure, atoms)
6. Molecular compounds tend to have __________ melting and boiling points.
(low, molecular formula, high, structure, atoms)
7. Ionic compounds tend to have _________ melting and boiling points.
(low, molecular formula, high, structure, atoms)
8. A molecular formula shows how many _________ of each element a molecular contains, but it does not indicate the __________ of the molecule.
(low, molecular formula, high, structure, atoms)
The properties of elements and compounds.
Explanation:1. Every substance is either an element or a(n) compound.2. A compound is either molecular or ionic in nature.
3. Most molecular compounds are composed of two or more atoms.
4. Molecules consisting of two atoms are diatomic molecules.
5. The chemical formula of a molecular compound is a molecular formula.
6. Molecular compounds tend to have low melting and boiling points.
7. Ionic compounds tend to have high melting and boiling points.
8. A molecular formula shows how many atoms of each element a molecular contains, but it does not indicate the structure of the molecule.
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At an elevated temperature, Kp=4.2 x 10^-9 for the reaction 2HBr (g)---> +H2(g) + Br2 (g). If the initial partial pressures of HBr, H2, and Br2 are 1.0 x 10^-2 atm, 2.0 x 10^-4 atm, and 2.0 x 10^-4 atm, respecivtely, what is the equilbrium partial pressure of H2?
Answer : The partial pressure of [tex]H_2[/tex] at equilibrium is, 1.0 × 10⁻⁶
Explanation :
The partial pressure of [tex]HBr[/tex] = [tex]1.0\times 10^{-2}atm[/tex]
The partial pressure of [tex]H_2[/tex] = [tex]2.0\times 10^{-4}atm[/tex]
The partial pressure of [tex]Br_2[/tex] = [tex]2.0\times 10^{-4}atm[/tex]
[tex]K_p=4.2\times 10^{-9}[/tex]
The balanced equilibrium reaction is,
[tex]2HBr(g)\rightleftharpoons H_2(g)+Br_2(g)[/tex]
Initial pressure 1.0×10⁻² 2.0×10⁻⁴ 2.0×10⁻⁴
At eqm. (1.0×10⁻²-2p) (2.0×10⁻⁴+p) (2.0×10⁻⁴+p)
The expression of equilibrium constant [tex]K_p[/tex] for the reaction will be:
[tex]K_p=\frac{(p_{H_2})(p_{Br_2})}{(p_{HBr})^2}[/tex]
Now put all the values in this expression, we get :
[tex]4.2\times 10^{-9}=\frac{(2.0\times 10^{-4}+p)(2.0\times 10^{-4}+p)}{(1.0\times 10^{-2}-2p)^2}[/tex]
[tex]p=-1.99\times 10^{-4}[/tex]
The partial pressure of [tex]H_2[/tex] at equilibrium = (2.0×10⁻⁴+(-1.99×10⁻⁴) )= 1.0 × 10⁻⁶
Therefore, the partial pressure of [tex]H_2[/tex] at equilibrium is, 1.0 × 10⁻⁶
A student finds that 4700 J of heat are required to raise the temperature of 250.0 g of metal X from 22°C to 63°C. Based on the data in the table, what is the identity of metal X based upon finding the specific heat?
Explanation:
the answer and explanation is in the picture
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A student finds that 4700 J of heat are required to raise the temperature of 250.0 g of metal X from 22°C to 63°C. 0. 459J/g/C is the identity of metal X.
What is specific heat ?The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one Celsius degree is defined as specific heat.
Heat capacity, also known as specific heat, is the amount of heat required per unit mass to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius.
Specific heat is useful in determining processing temperatures and the amount of heat required for processing, as well as in distinguishing between two polymeric composites.
The specific heat capacity of a substance is typically determined by measuring the heat capacity of a sample of the substance, usually with a calorimeter, and dividing by the sample's mass.
Given:
Heat = 4700 J
M = 250.0 g
T = 63 - 22 = 41°C
4700 = 250 ×C× 41
4700 = 10250 × C
C = 459J/g/C
Thus, A student finds that 4700 J of heat are required to raise the temperature of 250.0 g of metal X from 22°C to 63°C. 0. 459J/g/C is the identity of metal X.
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The pH scale is actually measuring the concentration of H+ ions in a solution. If there is a high concentration of H+ ions, then the pH of the solution will be
Answer : The pH of the solution will be less than 7.
Explanation :
pH : It is defined as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion or hydronium ion concentration.
Mathematically,
[tex]pH=-\log [H^+][/tex]
When the pH less than 7 then the solution is acidic and the concentration of hydrogen ion is greater than hydroxide ion.When the pH more than 7 then the solution is basic and the concentration of hydrogen ion is less than hydroxide ion.When the pH is equal to 7 then the solution is neutral and the concentration of hydrogen ion is equal to the hydroxide ion.As per question, if there is a high concentration of hydrogen ions then its pH become less than 7 and the solution will be acidic.
Hence, the pH of the solution will be less than 7.
Answer:
low
Explanation:
You are high up in the mountains and boil water to make some tea However, when you drink your tea, it is not as hot as it should be. You try again and again, but the water is just not hot enough to make a hot cup of tea. Which is the best explanation for this result? High in the mountains, the air pressure is significantly less than 1 atm, so the boiling point of water is much lower than at sea level.
Answer:
The air pressure is significantly less than 1 atm, so the boiling point of water is much lower than at sea level.
Explanation:
This has to do with Gay Lussac's Law (a.k.a pressure law) which in essence means that when pressure goes up, temperature goes up and when pressure decreases, temperature decreases. This is why when the air pressure is signifcantly less than 1 atm (the pressure at sea level), the boiling point of water is much lower than at sea level.
The best explanation for the scenerio is : High in the mountains , the air pressure is significantly less than 1 atm, so the boiling point if water is much lower than at sea level.
The higher you go above sea level the lower the air pressure and this will significantly affect the temperature at which certain liquids ( water ) will boil. therefore the boiling point of water will be much lower than at sea level.
In this scenerio the application of Gay Lussac's law comes in
Gay Lussac's law states that the pressure of gas is directly proportional to its temperature at constant volume
Hence we can conclude that The best explanation for the scenerio is : High in the mountains , the air pressure is significantly less than 1 atm, so the boiling point if water is much lower than at sea level.
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The radius of the smaller circle is 8 feet. The distance from the rim of the inner circle to the rim of the outer circle is 3 feet. A circular garden with a radius of 8 feet is surrounded by a circular path with a width of 3 feet. What is the approximate area of the path alone?
Answer:
178.98 sq. feet
Explanation:
The path and the garden has been shown in the figure below. The green area is the garden and the area in brown is the path.
It has been given that,
Radius of garden = 8 feet
So, the area of garden = 3.14 × 8 × 8 = 200.96 sq. feet
The total radius of the land including garden and path = 8 + 3 = 11 feet
So, the total are of land including garden and path = 3.14 × 11 × 11 = 379.94 sq. feet
So, the area of path = Total area of the land - area of garden
Area of path = 379.94 - 200.96 = 178.98 sq. feet
Answer:
c 178.98 ft
Explanation:
If it takes 43.32 mL of 0.1 M NaOH to neutralize a 50 mL HCl solution, what is the molarity of HCI?
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Which of these statements would be true if the water molecule was linear instead of bent? Check all that apply.
The molecule would be polar.
The molecule would contain polar covalent bonds.
Water would no longer produce hydrogen bonds.
The special properties of water would still be exhibited.
If the water molecule was linear instead of bent the water would no longer produce hydrogen bonds.
Explanation:
Yes, If the water molecule was linear instead of bent the water would no longer produce hydrogen bonds.The water would no longer generate hydrogen bonds. It will lose its polar features and nearly all of its features will change such as boiling point, water tension and solubility. It would be more like to gas, rather than liquid. If the water was in the linear, the water would have all the features and it would produce the hydrogen bonds.Answer:
2 and 3 are correct
Explanation:
Which energy resource causes the most safety concerns?
A wind
B petroleum
C nuclear
D coal
Answer: nuclear
Explanation:
Nuclear energy resource causes the most safety concerns. Therefore, option C is correct.
What do you mean by nuclear energy ?Nuclear energy is the energy contained within an atom's nucleus, or core. Nuclear energy can be used to generate electricity, but it must be liberated from the atom first.
Nuclear power is a zero-emission source of clean energy. Fission, the process of splitting uranium atoms to produce energy, is used to generate power. The heat produced by fission is used to generate steam, which spins a turbine to generate electricity without emitting the harmful byproducts that fossil fuels do.
Coal, oil, and gas are by far the most significant contributors to global climate change, accounting for more than 75% of global greenhouse gas emissions and nearly 90% of total carbon dioxide emissions.
Thus, option C is correct.
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Both light and sound travel in the form of waves that are created by a transfer of ____
Answer: Radioactivity
Explanation:
Kat is investigating a compound and sees that it has even stronger hydrogen bonds than water. What can kat conclude is most likely true about the specific heat of this compound
Answer:
It is higher than that of water
Explanation:
Because we now know that through experimentation, the new compound has a higher and stronger hydrogen bonds than water, the specific heat capacity will be higher.
Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a unit mass of as substance by 1°C.
This property is a physical property of matter . Most physical properties are a function of intermolecular forces in a compound. Since hydrogen bond is a very strong intermolecular force, the specific heat capacity will be stronger for the compound discovered. This implies that it will require more heat to raise the temperature of a unit mass of this compound by 1°C.Answer:
It is higher than that of water
Explanation:
i just finnished the quiz
Bubbles and fizzing can be seen instantly when baking soda is mixed with vinegar. The bubbles are evidence of which of the following?
The central atom in the chlorite anion, ClO2- is surrounded by: Question 5 options: one bonding and three unshared pairs of electrons. two bonding and two unshared pairs of electrons. two bonding and one unshared pair of electrons. two double bonds and no unshared pairs of electrons.
Answer:
two bonding and two unshared pair of electrons.Explanation:
Chlorite anion, ClO₂⁻ has one atom of chlorine and two atoms of oxygen.
Chlorine atom has 7 valence electrons (group 17 of the periodic table) and oxygen has 6 valence electrons (group 16 of the periodic table).
Thus, in total the anion has 7 + 6×2 electrons, plus an additional electron indicated by the negative charge of the anion: 7 + 12 + 1 = 20 valence electrons, that must be distributed among the three atoms.
Being chlorine the most electronegative atom, you place it in the center. surrounded by the two oxygen atoms.
Thus, so far:
O Cl O (pending to place the valence electrons.
You can put two electrons between each chlorine and oxygen atoms to form the bonds:
O : Cl : O
Also, complete the octets:
. . . . . .
: O : Cl : O :
. . . . . .
That structure works because:
there are 20 electronsevery atom has 8 valence electronsBut you need to calculate the formal charges on each atom:
For chlorine:
7 valence electrons - 4 nonbonding valence electrons - 4/2 bonding electrons = 7 - 4 - 2 = + 1.For each oxygen:
6 valence electrons - 6 nonbonding valence electrons - 2/2 bonding electrons = 6 - 6 - 1 = -1The total charge of the anion is +1 -1 - 1 = -1.
And the complete structure with the charge is:
. . . . . .
[ : O : Cl : O : ] ⁻
. . . . . .
The square bracketts comprise the entire anion and the negative charge is for the entire structure.
In this structure, the central atom (Cl) is surrounded by two bonding and two unshared pairs of electrons. (this is the answer to the question).
There is another structure which minimizes the formal charge, which will be preferred. It is by making a double bond between chlorine and one of the oxygen atoms, by moving two of the atoms beside one chlorine.
That structure is:
. . . . . .
: O : Cl :: O
. . . . . .
There you have 20 valence electrons and complete octets too, but the formal charges are:
Chlorine:
7valence electrons - 4 nonbonding electrons - 6/2 bonding electrons = 7 - 4 - 3 = 0The oxygen on the left is equal to the previous structure, thus - 1 forma charge.
The oxygen on the right:
6 valence electrons - 4 nonbonding electrons - 4/2 bonding electrons = 6 - 4 - 2 = 0Hence, this las structure minimizes the formal charges and is preferred.
This is:
. . . . . .
: O : Cl :: O
. . . . . .
But you must add the negative charge which belongs to the complete anion:
. . . . . .
[ : O : Cl :: O ] ⁻
. . . . . .
The square brackets comprise the entire anion and the negative charge is for it.
Hence, in this other structue the central atom, chlorine, is surrounded by six bonding electrons and four nonbonding electrons.
What type of energy can be generated by splitting atoms?
Answer:
Nuclear energy
Explanation:
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The final solution had a volume of 1.0L and a molarity of 0.925. How many moles of Nickel (II) chloride were present in the solution?
Answer: The moles of nickel (II) chloride were present in the solution are 0.925
Explanation:
Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of the solution.
[tex]Molarity=\frac{n}{V_s}[/tex]
where,
Molarity = 0.925
n= moles of solute = 0.2
[tex]V_s[/tex] = volume of solution in L = 1.0 L
Now put all the given values in the formula of molarity, we get
[tex]0.925=\frac{moles}{1.0L}[/tex]
[tex]moles=0.925\times 1.0=0.925[/tex]
Therefore, the moles of nickel (II) chloride were present in the solution are 0.925
CaCl2 (aq) + 2AgNO3 (aq) + Ca(NO3)2 (aq) + 2AGCI (s)
If 25.0 mL of a 2.00 M CaCl2 solution is used for the reaction
shown above, how many moles of chloride ions were involved
in the reaction? — moles
Answer:
There are 0.100 moles chlorine ions (Cl-) involved
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
Volume of CaCl2 = 25.0 mL = 0.025 L
Molarity of CaCl2 = 2.00 M
Step 2: The balanced equation
CaCl2 (aq) + 2AgNO3 (aq) ⇆ Ca(NO3)2 (aq) + 2AgCI (s)
CaCl2 → Ca^2+ + 2Cl-
Step 3: Calculate moles CaCl2
Moles CaCl2 = molarity CaCl* volume
Moles CaCl2 = 2.00 M * 0.025 L
Moles CaCl2 = 0.050 moles
Step 4: Calculate moles chloride ions
CaCl2 → Ca^2+ + 2Cl-
For 1 mol CaCl2 we have 1 mol Ca^2+ and 2 moles Cl-
Moles Cl- ions = 2*0.050 moles
Moles Cl- ions = 0.100 moles
There are 0.100 moles chlorine ions (Cl-) involved
The reaction of 25.0 mL of a 2.00 M CaCl2 solution provides 0.100 moles of chloride ions for the reaction, based on the stoichiometry that shows each mole of CaCl2 gives two moles of chloride ions.
Explanation:To calculate how many moles of chloride ions were involved in the reaction where 25.0 mL of a 2.00 M CaCl2 solution is used, we must first understand the stoichiometry of the reaction:
CaCl2(aq) + 2AgNO3(aq) → Ca(NO3)2(aq) + 2AgCl(s)
From the balanced equation, we see that each mole of CaCl2 provides two moles of Cl− ions. To find the moles of CaCl2, we use the concentration and volume of the solution:
(2.00 moles/L) × (0.025 L) = 0.050 moles of CaCl2
Since there are two moles of Cl− for every mole of CaCl2, we multiply the moles of CaCl2 by 2:
0.050 moles × 2 = 0.100 moles of chloride ions
To which domain does the animal kingdom belong?
Answer:
Eukaryote vote me brainleist
Explanation:
Calculate the change in molar Gibbs energy of carbon dioxide (treated as a perfect gas) at 20°C when its pressure is changed isothermally from 1.0 bar to (a) 2.0 bar and (b) 0.000 27 atm, its partial pressure in air.
Answer:
a) ΔG = 1688.5 J/mol = 1.7 kJ/mol
b) ΔG = 21673.3 J/mol = 21.7 kJ/mol
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
Temperature = 20.0 °C = 293 K
Initial temperature = 1.0 bar = 0.986923 atm
Final temperature = 2.0 bar = 1.97385 atm
Step 2: Calculate
ΔG = RT * ln (Pt / Pi)
⇒with R = 8.314 J/K* mol
⇒with T = 293K
⇒with Pt = final pressure = 1.97385 atm
⇒with Pi = the initial pressure = 0.986923 atm
ΔG = 8.314 J/mol*K *293 K * ln (1.97385/0.986923)
ΔG = 8.314 J/mol*K *293 K * 0.693
ΔG = 1688.5 J/mol = 1.7 kJ/mol
(b) 0.000 27 atm
Step 3:
ΔG = RT * ln (Pt / Pi)
⇒with R = 8.314 J/K* mol
⇒with T = 293K
⇒with Pt = final pressure = 1.97385 atm
⇒with Pi = the initial pressure = 0.00027 atm
ΔG = 8.314 J/mol*K *293 K * ln (1.97385/0.00027)
ΔG = 8.314 J/mol*K *293 K * 8.897
ΔG = 21673.3 J/mol = 21.7 kJ/mol
The molar Gibbs energy change of carbon dioxide at 20°C when its pressure is changed from 1.0 bar to 2.0 bar is 4.08 kJ/mol, and when changed from 1.0 bar to 0.00027 atm is -34.65 kJ/mol.
Explanation:The molar Gibbs energy change of a substance can be calculated using the equation ΔG = RT ln(Pf/Pi), where ΔG is the change in molar Gibbs energy, R is the universal gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, Pf is the final pressure, and Pi is the initial pressure.
Given that temperature (T) is 20°C or 293.15 K, R is 8.314 J/K/mol (universal gas constant), Pi is 1.0 bar, and the pressures Pf are (a) 2.0 bar and (b) 0.00027 atm respectively. We also note that 1 bar is roughly equivalent to 0.986923 atm.
(a) When Pf is 2.0 bar, ΔG = (8.314 J/K/mol)*293.15 K*ln(2.0/1.0) = 4.08 kJ/mol.
(b) When Pf is 0.00027 atm, ΔG = (8.314 J/K/mol)*293.15 K*ln(0.00027/0.986923) = -34.65 kJ/mol.
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Chemistry Help!
Pressure has the greatest effect on the solubility of
Group of answer choices
a. gases in liquids.
b. solids in liquids.
c. liquids in liquids
d. liquids in liquids
Answer:A
Explanation:Henry’s Law
Final answer:
Pressure has very little effect on the solubility of solids or liquids, but has a significant effect on the solubility of gases.
Explanation:
Pressure has very little effect on the solubility of solids or liquids, but has a significant effect on the solubility of gases. Gas solubility increases as the partial pressure of a gas above the liquid increases. For example, when carbonated beverages are packaged, they are done so under high CO₂ pressure so that a large amount of carbon dioxide dissolves in the liquid. When the bottle is open, the equilibrium is disrupted because the CO₂ pressure above the liquid decreases, causing bubbles of CO₂ to rapidly exit the solution and escape out of the top of the open bottle.
How many grams are in 1.19x10^27 particles of cl2
Answer:
Option D. 1.40x10^5g
Explanation:
From Avogadro's hypothesis, we understood that 1 mole of any substance contains 6.02x10^23 particles. This equally means that 1mole of Cl2 contains 6.02x10^23 particles.
1 mole of Cl2 =2 x 35.5 = 71g.
Now, If 71g of Cl2 contains 6.02x10^23 particles,
Then Xg of Cl2 will contain 1.19x10^27 particles i.e
Xg of Cl2 = (71x1.19x10^27)/(6.02x10^23)
Xg of Cl2 = 1.40x10^5g
Therefore, 1.40x10^5g of Cl2 contain 1.19x10^27 particles
A redox reaction involves the reduction of one substance (gaining electron(s)) and the oxidation (losing electron(s)) of another. examples of reduction and oxidation are shown below. combine the two reactions below like algebraic equations and write the net, or overall, redox equation.
Answer:
Your question is incomplete.
But what I can help you with is once a redox reaction occurs, one element oxidizes and another is reduced, generating the equilibrium of the reaction.
On the other hand, it is important to clarify all the redox reactions, reactions of reducing factors (positive protons) and oxygen that oxidize.
Explanation:
example:
Reduction half-reaction: {2 e ^ - + Cu ^ 2 + -> Cu} {2 e ^ - + Cu ^ 2 + -> Cu}
Half oxidation reaction: {Fe -> Fe ^ 2 + + 2 e ^ -} {Fe -> Fe ^ 2 + + 2 e ^ -}
or more frequently, also called general equation:
{Fe + Cu ^ 2 + -> Fe ^ 2 + + Cu} {Fe + Cu ^ 2 + -> Fe ^ 2 + + Cu}
Describe a main goal of primary treatment in a modern sewage treatment plant.
Answer:
The goal is to remove both heavy solids and floating oils
Explanation:
Primary treatment consists of temporarily holding the sewage in a quiescent basin where heavy solids can settle to the bottom while oil, grease and lighter solids float to the surface. The settled and floating materials are removed and the remaining liquid may be discharged.