How many unshared pairs of electrons does the nitrogen atom in ammonia possess?
The nitrogen atom in an ammonia molecule has one lone pair of electrons.
The nitrogen atom in an ammonia molecule (NH₃) has five valence electrons. According to its Lewis structure, nitrogen forms three covalent bonds with three hydrogen atoms. Each hydrogen atom donates one electron, filling its valence shell.
Nitrogen uses three of its five valence electrons in these bonds, resulting in three bonding pairs shared between nitrogen and hydrogen. The remaining two valence electrons on the nitrogen atom do not participate in bonding and are thus termed an unshared pair or a lone pair.
Therefore, the nitrogen atom in ammonia possesses one lone pair of electrons.
describe the difference between a monoprotic acid and a triprotic acid. How does a triprotic acid generate hydrogen ions?
Monoprotic acids contain one ionizable hydrogen atom, while triprotic acids contain three ionizable hydrogen atoms. Triprotic acids, like phosphoric acid, generate hydrogen ions through stepwise ionization reactions.
Explanation:A monoprotic acid is an acid that contains only one ionizable hydrogen. Examples of monoprotic acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl) and acetic acid (CH3COOH). On the other hand, a triprotic acid is an acid that contains three ionizable hydrogens. An example of a triprotic acid is phosphoric acid (H3PO4).
When a triprotic acid like phosphoric acid dissociates, it releases hydrogen ions (H+) in a stepwise manner. The acid goes through a series of ionization reactions, each removing one proton. For example, phosphoric acid first donates one hydrogen ion (H+) to form dihydrogen phosphate ion (H2PO4-), then donates a second hydrogen ion to form hydrogen phosphate ion (HPO42-), and finally donates the third hydrogen ion to form phosphate ion (PO43-).
Which law tells us the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both sides of a chemical equation?
How many core electrons are in a ground state atom of selenium?
Selenium has a total of 28 core electrons. This is because the electrons that fill the inner atomic orbitals of an atom, which totals 28 in the case of Selenium, are referred to as the core electrons.
Explanation:The ground state atom of Selenium (Se) has an atomic number of 34. This means it has 34 electrons in total. Electrons in atoms are distributed in energy levels or shells, with each able to accommodate a certain number of electrons. The electrons in the outermost shell, known as valence electrons, are responsible for chemical reactivity, whereas those filling the inner shells are called core electrons. Selenium's electron configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁴. The first 28 electrons (1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰) fill the core atomic orbitals, so Selenium has 28 core electrons in its ground state.
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Ch3cooh (acetic acid) can form hydrogen bonds between its molecules. based on the lewis structure shown below, how many hydrogen bond donor and acceptor atoms does this molecule have?
Acetic acid has one hydrogen bond donor atom and two hydrogen bond acceptor atoms, found in its -COOH group.
Explanation:Acetic acid CH3COOH, is capable of forming hydrogen bonds due to the presence of a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom in its -COOH group. This group has one hydrogen atom that can act as a hydrogen bond donor (attached to oxygen by a polar bond). Furthermore, it has two lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen which can each accept a hydrogen bond, thus making it a hydrogen bond acceptor. Therefore, acetic acid has one hydrogen bond donor atom and two hydrogen bond acceptor atoms.
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If 65.1L of N2(g) is needed to properly inflate an airbag, how many grams of NaN3(s) are needed for the reaction
Fluid in the semicircular canals stimulates impulses to the brain to maintain balance t or f
Which carbohydrate provides energy for cows but only dietary fiber for humans?
A-cellulose
B-starch
C-glycogen
D-sucrose
Name three factors that influence the rate at which a solute dissolves in a solvent.
What explains the change in ionization energy that occurs between removing the first and second electrons from an atom
Answer:
B. The ionization energy increases because the ratio of the protons to electrons increases.
Explanation:
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Complete combustion of glucose (c6h12o6). oxygen gas is the other reactant in this combustion reaction. the products are co2 and h2o
Classify these molecules as polar or nonpolar bcl3
Boron trichloride ([tex]BCl_3[/tex]) is a nonpolar molecule due to its symmetrical structure and equal electron-sharing among the boron and chlorine atoms.
Explanation:The molecule [tex]BCl_3[/tex], known as boron trichloride, is classified as nonpolar. This classification is due to its symmetrical, trigonal planar molecular structure and that there are no lone pairs of electrons on boron. The electron density regions in[tex]BCl_3[/tex] are evenly distributed which gives rise to equal sharing of electrons among the boron and chlorine atoms. With the 120° angles between the B-Cl bonds, any partial charges formed along these polar bonds are cancelled out, making the molecule nonpolar in nature.
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BCl₃ is a nonpolar molecule due to its trigonal planar shape, which causes the dipole moments of the polar B-Cl bonds to cancel out.
To determine if the molecule BCl₃ is polar or nonpolar, we need to examine the molecular geometry and the distribution of charges. BCl₃, or boron trichloride, has a trigonal planar shape according to VSEPR theory. This shape means the three chlorine atoms are symmetrically arranged around the central boron atom at 120° angles.
Although each B-Cl bond is polar due to the difference in electronegativity between boron and chlorine, the symmetric arrangement leads to the dipole moments canceling each other out. As a result, BCl₃ is a nonpolar molecule because it has no net dipole moment.
In summary:
The geometry of BCl₃ is trigonal planar.Each B-Cl bond is polar.The symmetry causes the dipole moments to cancel out.Therefore, BCl₃ is classified as a nonpolar molecule.
How many moles of oxygen atoms do 1.5 moles of co2 contain?
Final answer:
1.5 moles of carbon dioxide (CO2) contain 3 moles of oxygen atoms because each CO2 molecule is composed of two oxygen atoms.
Explanation:
The question 'How many moles of oxygen atoms do 1.5 moles of CO2 contain?' involves understanding the composition of a carbon dioxide (CO2) molecule.
Each molecule of CO2 consists of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. Therefore, for every mole of CO2, there are two moles of oxygen atoms. To find the number of moles of oxygen atoms in 1.5 moles of CO2, we simply need to multiply 1.5 moles by 2 (the number of oxygen atoms per mole of CO2).
1.5 moles CO2 x 2 moles O per mole CO2 = 3 moles O
Thus, 1.5 moles of CO2 contain 3 moles of oxygen atoms.
What is defined as the absorption of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide by cells?
Answer:
Cellular respiration
Explanation:
Oxygen is required by the cell in the Krebs cycle as the ultimate proton acceptor (creating water an end product during making out ATPs). During the conversion of pyruvate from glycolysis to Acetyl-CoA that enters the Krebs cycle, the pyruvate is decarboxylated (or oxidized) hence creating carbon IV oxide as a byproduct.
How many mililiters of .75% sugar solution must be added to 100 ml of 1.5% sugar solution to form a 1.25% sugar solution?
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What is the distance between two consecutive troughs called? A. period length B. trough length C. amplitude length D. wavelength
The direction of the magnetic field produced by an electric current will change when the direction of the ____ changes
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Analyze the shape of H2O.
What is the shape of the H2O molecule?
Is it symmetrical?
Does this mean that the H2O molecule is polar or nonpolar?
Answer:
The answers are in the explanation.
Explanation:
Analyze the form of H2O: The water molecule is composed of an oxygen atom, linked to two hydrogen atoms. The oxygen atom shares one pair of electrons with each hydrogen atom, leaving two pairs of free electrons in the oxygen without sharing.
What is the shape of the H2O molecule? The pairs of unshared electrons exert a repulsion, so the molecule acquires the angular shape.
Is it symmetrical? The H2O molecule is asymmetric due to free electron pairs.
Does this mean that the H2O molecule is polar or non-polar? Does this mean that the molecule is polar, as the uneven distribution of electrons gives it a slightly negative charge near the oxygen atom and a slightly positive charge near the hydrogen atoms.
Have a nice day!
The H2O molecule looks like a bent or V-shaped. This is made up of two hydrogen atoms connected to a middle oxygen atom.
The H2O molecule is not symmetrical due to the lone pairs on the central oxygen atom.
The H2O molecule is polar due to the bent shape and unequal distribution of electron density.
What is the shape of the H2O molecule?This arrangement makes the molecule have a curved shape. The H-O-H bond is polar because the oxygen and hydrogen have different attraction strengths.
However, the bent shape of the molecule creates an overall polarity. In water (H2O), the oxygen atom has a stronger pull on the shared electrons compared to the hydrogen atoms. This makes the oxygen atom attract the electrons closer to itself. As a result, one end of the molecule has a little bit more negative charge, while the other ends have a little bit more positive charges.
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A 34.53 ml sample of a solution of sulfuric acid, h2s04, reacts with 27.86 ml of 0.08964 m naoh solution. calculate the molarity of the sulfuric acid solution
Final answer:
The molarity of the sulfuric acid solution is calculated by first determining the moles of NaOH used in the titration, then finding the corresponding moles of H2SO4 using the 1:2 mole ratio from the balanced equation, and finally, dividing the moles of H2SO4 by its volume in liters.
Explanation:
To calculate the molarity of the sulfuric acid solution, we need to follow these steps:
Write down the balanced chemical equation for the reaction: H2SO4 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) → Na2SO4 (aq) + 2H2O (l).
Calculate the moles of NaOH used in the titration. Since the molarity of NaOH is given as 0.08964 M and the volume used is 27.86 mL, the moles of NaOH is (0.08964 M)(0.02786 L) = 0.002496 moles.
From the balanced equation it's evident that the mole ratio of H2SO4 to NaOH is 1:2, thus the moles of H2SO4 will be half the moles of NaOH, which is 0.002496 / 2 = 0.001248 moles.
Finally, divide the moles of H2SO4 by the volume of the sulfuric acid solution in liters to get the molarity of the solution. Therefore, molarity = 0.001248 moles / 0.03453 L = 0.03612 M.
Which is a characteristic of unsaturated fats?
A_They come from plant steroids.
B_They make up most animal fats.
C_They are liquids at room temperature.
D_They easily stack on top of each other.
Calcite (the main mineral in limestone) is made of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Dolomite, a related mineral, is made of magnesium carbonate (MgCO3). What happens if a geologist drips a small amount of vinegar (acetic acid) onto a sample of dolomite?
Answer: CO₂ will be formed, with the consequent fizzing effect.
Explanation:
1) Look at the chemical reaction that happens between magnesiumm carbonate and vinegard
MgCO₃(aq) + CH₃COOH(l) → CO₂ (g) + MgCOOH(aq) (it is not balance as it is only to show the products formed not to make calculations).
2) Then you see that CO₂ is evolving in the form of gas. That will cause the formation of bubbles (fizzing).
Dolomite is an anhydrous magnesium carbonate mineral that reacts with acetic acid (vinegar) to produce fizzing because of the carbon dioxide gas produced.
What is effervescence?Effervescence is a fizz or release of bubbles of gases when it reacts with another substance. Carbon dioxide is released with a fizzing effect.
The reaction between dolomite and vinegar is shown as:
[tex]\rm MgCO_{3}(aq) + 2 CH_{3}COOH(l) \rightarrow CO_{2} (g) + H_{2}O + Mg(CH_{3}COO)_{2}[/tex]
From the reaction, it can be said that the release of carbon dioxide results in effervescence or fizz.
Therefore, a drop of acetic acid on dolomite results in effervescence.
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Which blood vessels have thick, muscular, and elastic walls? Veins Arterioles Capillaries Arteries
The correct answer would be Arteries
For each pair of gases, select the one that most likely has the highest rate of effusion. Use the periodic table if necessary.
Answer:
Hydrogen
Methane
Ammonia
Fluorine
Explanation:
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A hiker has packed a bag of chips as a snack. At the start of the hike the pressure was 1.5 atm and the temperature was 35*C. At the end of the hike the temperature has dropped to a 0.5*C. What is the pressure at the end of the hike? What would you expect to happen to the bag of chips?
If the partial pressure of carbon dioxide gas in a blood capillary is 45 mm hg, what is the pressure expressed in inches of mercury? 0.059 in. hg 1.8 in. hg 4.5 in. hg 1,100 in. hg 0.87 in. hg
If the number of moles of a gas initially contained in a 2.10 l vessel is doubled, what is the final volume of the gas in liters? (assume the pressure and temperature remain constant.) none of the above 8.40 4.20 1.05 6.30
According to Avogadro's Law, which assumes temperature and pressure to be constant, the volume of gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas. So, if the number of moles is doubled from an initial volume of 2.10L, the final volume will be 4.20L.
Explanation:
The initial query asked: If the number of moles of a gas initially contained in a 2.10L vessel is doubled, what is the final volume of the gas in liters? The answer lies within Avogadro's Law which states that there is a direct relationship between the amount of gas (in moles) and its volume, assuming that temperature and pressure are held constant. Therefore, if you double the moles of gas, you should also double the volume. Hence, if we double the initial 2.10L, we will end up with a final volume of 4.20L.
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how many liters of nitrogen gas are needed to make 25 mol of nitrogen trifluoride
You need a 45% alcohol solution. on hand, you have a 480 ml of a 40% alcohol mixture. you also have 85% alcohol mixture. how much of the 85% mixture will you need to add to obtain the desired solution?
Isomers have identical _________formulas; however, they have different ___________formulas.
Empirical
Molecular
Structural
Answer:
Isomers have identical Molecular formulas; however, they have different Structural formulas.
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, it is widely known that isomers have identical molecular formulas and different structural formulas as shown for the compound having the following molecular formula:
[tex]C_2H_6O[/tex]
In such a way, two feasible compounds could have the aforesaid molecular formula, which are dimethyl ether and ethanol respectively as shown below:
[tex]CH_3-O-CH_3\\CH_3-CH_2-OH[/tex]
Best regards.
What determines the strength of an arrhenius base? give one example each of an aqueous solution of a strong base and an aqueous solution of a weak base?
The strength of an Arrhenius base is determined by its ability to form hydroxide ions in solution, with strong bases fully dissociating and weak bases partially dissociating. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base that dissociates completely, while ammonia (NH3) is a weak base that only partially dissociates.
Explanation:The strength of an Arrhenius base is determined by its tendency to form hydroxide ions (OH-) in an aqueous solution. This process is described by the reaction B(aq) + H2O(l) ⇒ HB+(aq) + OH-(aq), where B stands for the base and HB+ is its conjugate acid after accepting a proton from water. Strong bases completely dissociate in water, releasing a large amount of hydroxide ions, whereas weak bases only partially dissociate, resulting in a smaller amount of hydroxide ions.
An example of a strong base in aqueous solution is sodium hydroxide (NaOH), which fully dissociates to form Na+ and OH-. An example of a weak base is ammonia (NH3), which only partially dissociates in water, forming ammonium (NH4+) and hydroxide ions.
The relative strength of a base can also be quantified by its base-ionization constant (Kb). A larger Kb value indicates a stronger base, which means a higher concentration of hydroxide ions is produced in solution.