Answer: a) [tex]Frequency=666\times10^{12}Hz-789\times10^{12}Hz[/tex]
b) [tex]Wavelength=380nm-450nm[/tex]
Explanation: Visible light is a form of electromagnetic wave.
Wavelength is defined as the distance between two successive crests of a wave. It is represented as symbol [tex]\lambda[/tex].
Frequency is defined as the number of complete cycles happening per second. It is represented by the symbol [tex]\nu[/tex].
Wavelength and Frequency follow inverse relation,
[tex]\nu=\frac{c}{\lambda}[/tex]
where, c = speed of light = [tex]3\times10^8m/s[/tex]
Wavelength and frequency of a wave is usually expressed in a range.
a) [tex]\text{Frequency of visible light}=666\times10^{12}Hz-789\times10^{12}Hz[/tex]
b) [tex]\text{Wavelength of visible light}=380nm-450nm[/tex]
URGENT which statement describes a chemical property of hydorgen gas
1. Hydrogen gas is colorless
2. Hydrogen gas burns in the air
3.Hydrogen gas has a density of .00000009 gcm3
4. Hydrogen gas has a boiling point of 20k at standard pressure
The chemical property of hydrogen gas is that it burns in the air.
• The lightest element is hydrogen, it can explode at concentrations ranging from 4 to 75 percent by volume in the existence of a flame, sunlight, or a spark.
• One of the prime chemical properties of hydrogen gas is that it is highly flammable and can burn in air at a very broad array of concentrations that is between 4 to 75 percent by volume.
• Some of the physical properties of hydrogen gas are that it is colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, non-toxic, exhibits a density of 0.09 grams per liter, and has a boiling point of -252.87 degree C or 20 K at standard pressure.
Thus, of the mentioned statements, option 2 is correct, that is, the chemical property of hydrogen gas is that it burns in the air.
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Transition metals in the fourth period fill the __________ orbital. A) 3d B) 3p C) 4s D) 4f
I am pretty sure the answer is C, but I am not certain.
The correct answer is A.) 3d
Oda gas is moved from a large container to a small container but it’s temperature and number of moles remain the same, what would happen to the pressure of the gas?
A) it would increase
B) it would be halved
C) it would stay the same
D) it would slightly decreases
Answer is: A) it would increase .
Boyle's Law (the pressure-volume law): volume of a given amount of gas held at constant temperature varies inversely with the applied pressure when the temperature and mass are constant.
p₁V₁ = p₂V₂ (the product of the initial volume and pressure is equal to the product of the volume and pressure after a change).
For example:
p₁ = 1.2 atm; starting pressure.
V₁ = 2.0 L., starting volume.
V₂ = 1.0 L; final volume, smaller than starting volume.
p₂ = ?; final pressure.
1.2 atm · 2 L = p₂ · 1 L.
p₂ = 1.2 atm · 2 L / 1 L.
p₂ = 2.4 atm.
When volume goes up, pressure goes down.
When volume goes down, pressure goes up.
Explain why the density of a metal object decreases when the object expands
Iron, Fe, is a solid at room temperature. Iron is a shiny, bright white metal that is soft, malleable, ductile and strong. Its surface is usually discolored by corrosion, since it combines readily with the oxygen of the air in the presence of moisture. The density of iron is 7.86 g/cc. Iron is a good conductor of electricity and heat. Consider the paragraph above. What is one chemical property of iron? A) Iron is malleable. B) The density of iron is 7.86 g/cc. C) Iron combines readily with oxygen. D) Iron is a good conductor of electricity and heat.
The correct answer is option C. Iron combines readily with oxygen is the chemical property of iron.
The chemical property of iron is revealed when it reacts with oxygen of the air in the presence of moisture in a chemical reaction to form iron oxide or rust.
Rust corrodes and discolors the shiny, bright white iron metal.
Answer:
C) Iron combines readily with oxygen.
Explanation:
A physical property can be measured and observed without changing the composition or identity of the substance; while a chemical property is observed when a chemical change is given, such as a reaction.
So, the only statement that implies a chemical change is the rapid combination of iron with oxygen, forming an oxide which is a new substance.
Using the Mohs standard hardness scale, which of the following scratch tests is correct? Scale Mineral 10 diamond 9 corundum 8 topaz 7 quartz 6 feldspar 5 apatite 4 fluorite 3 calcite 2 gypsum 1 talc Talc scratches calcite. Quartz scratches corundum. Fluorite scratches feldspar. Topaz scratches quartz.
Topaz scratches quartz
Answer:
The correct answer is :'Topaz scratches quartz'.
Explanation:
Mohs scale is a qualitative scale to analyse and characterize scratch resistance of minerals.Harder mineral will easily scratch softer mineral.
Lower value on the scale indicates that mineral can be easily scratched by the another mineral with higher scale value. In other words calcite with scale value of 3 can easily scratch gypsum and talc with scale value of 2 and 1 respectively.
So, from the given options the correct test is that topaz scratches quartz.
Name everyday objects where insulation is used to keep objects warm or cool.
If you answer this question you are a angle confirmed.
Coffee thermos- Maintains heat in the thermos through insulation
Kitchen Appliances- Applicances such as refrigerators keep items cool, while toasters and pots are used to heat items up
Lunchbox- Many lunchboxes are insulated with materials that enables the box to keep cool.
What is an environmental impact study
An Environmental Impact Study is used to provide a sufficient level of detail to demonstrate that a proposed development will have no negative impacts on the natural features or ecological functions of the subject and surrounding (“adjacent”) lands. Hope this helps!!!
If someone told you they had a career in either ecology, paleontology, or botany, what area of science is this? Question 2 options: astronomy biology physics chemistry
Final answer:
Ecology, paleontology, and botany are all branches of biology, which is the area of science they pertain to.
Explanation:
If someone told you they had a career in either ecology, paleontology, or botany, they would be working in the area of biology. These are all branches of biological science that deal with different aspects of living organisms and their environments. Ecology involves the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment, paleontology uses fossils to understand the history of life on Earth, and botany focuses on the study of plants. Biology, as a natural science, encompasses a variety of fields that all aim to understand the various facets of life and living organisms.
Column A
1.
isotope:
isotope
2.
neutron:
neutron
3.
drudgery:
drudgery
4.
mass number:
mass number
5.
perceive:
perceive
6.
atomic mass:
atomic mass
7.
implore:
implore
8.
badger:
badger
9.
proton:
proton
10.
atomic mass unit:
atomic mass unit
11.
atomic number:
atomic number
12.
interminable:
interminable
Column B
a.The electrical attraction between a __________ and an electron is forty powers of ten stronger than their gravitational attraction.
b.Lithium, with an __________ of 6.94, is the lightest of all the metals and is therefore an obvious candidate for battery use.
c.Protons and neutrons have masses of approximately 1 __________ each.
d.Other species can __________ colors of the spectrum that are invisible to us.
e.Technological advances have taken much of the __________ out of the assembly line and car plant.
f.Nitrogen has 7 protons and 7 neutrons in its nucleus, giving it a __________ of 14
g.Secondly, we need a leader of charisma to __________ and provoke his colleagues into action.
h.The system thus avoids the seemingly __________ delays that bedevil on-line services when they are used to transmit graphics.
i.The nucleus of a deuterium atom contains a proton and a __________.
j.Newspapers and television __________ us to slit all the candy open to ensure that it contains no foreign body.
k.But barium has an __________ of 56, barely more than half that of uranium.
l.The third __________ of hydrogen, hydrogen-3 or tritium, is highly radioactive and has a very short half-life.
a) Answer is: The electrical attraction between a proton and an electron is forty powers of ten stronger than their gravitational attraction.
Proton is a subatomic particle with a positive electric charge of +1e elementary charge.
The electron (symbol: e⁻) is a subatomic particle whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge.
Opposite charges (positive and negative) attract one another.
b) Answer is: Lithium, with an atomic mass of 6.94, is the lightest of all the metals and is therefore an obvious candidate for battery use.
The atomic mass is the average mass of element.
The average atomic mass of krypton =
= ω(⁸²Kr) · Ar(⁸²Kr) + ω(⁸³Kr)·Ar(⁸³Kr) + ω(⁸⁴Kr) · Ar(⁸⁴Kr) + ω(⁸⁵Kr)· Ar(⁸⁵Kr).
ω(Kr) is average abundance of isotopes of krypton.
Ar(Kr) is atomic mass of krypton isotope.
Another examples, atomic mass of phosphorus (P) is 30.97 and atomic mass of oxygen (O) is 15.99.
c) Answer is: Protons and neutrons have masses of approximately 1 atomic mass unit each.
The unified atomic mass unit (amu) is a standard unit of atom mass.
One unified atomic mass unit is approximately the mass of one nucleon (protons or neutrons).
The unified atomic mass unit is equal 1.66·10⁻²⁷ kg.
d) Answer is: Other species can see colors of the spectrum that are invisible to us.
For example, a common butterfly has five times more photoreceptors in their eyes than human.
So butterfly can see ultraviolet and violet spectar of colors (human can not see violet and ultraviolet), they see different wavelength than human.
e) Answer is: Technological advances have taken much of the drudgery out of the assembly line and car plant.
Drudgery is hard monotonous routine work.
At assembly lines and car plant at the beggining of the 20th century, hard work were doing humans, now with technology advances, that work is than by the machines or robots.
f) Answer is: Nitrogen has 7 protons and 7 neutrons in the nucleus, giving it a mass number of 14.
The mass number (A) is sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in atom.
n°(N) = 7; number of neutrons in nitrogen atom.
p⁺(N) = 7; number of protons in nitrogen atom.
A = n° + p⁺.
A(N) = 7 + 7.
A(N) = 14; nitrogen mass number is 14.
h) Answer is: The system thus avoids the seemingly interminable delays that bedevil on-line services when they are used to transmit graphics.
Interminable means something continuing for too long and because of that is boring or annoying.
i) Answer is: The nucleus of a deuterium atom contains a proton and a neutron.
Deuterium (₁²H or D) is an isotope of the hydrogen (H).
Deuterium has atomic number 1 (it has one proton) and mass number 2.
p⁺(D) = 1; number of protons in deuterium.
A = n° + p⁺.
A(D) = 2; mass number of deuterium.
n°(D) = 2 -1.
n°(D) = 1; number of neutrons in deuterium.
Isotopes are chemical elements with same atomic number, but different mass number (different number of neutrons).
j) Answer is: Newspapers and television perceive us to slit all the candy open to ensure that it contains no foreign body.
Newspapers and television make us to belief in or about something.
k) Answer is: But barium has an atomic number of 56, barely more than half that of uranium.
Atomic number (Z) is the number of protons (number of protons in neutral atom is the same as number of an electrons), which is characteristic of a chemical element,
Atomic number is unique and defines an element.
Atomic number of uranium (U) is 92 (Z = 92).
l) Answer is: The third isotope of hydrogen, hydrogen-3 or tritium, is highly radioactive and has a very short half-life.
Tritium (₁³H or T) is an isotope of the hydrogen (H).
Tritium has atomic number(Z) 1 and mass number(A) 3.
p⁺(T) = 1; number of protons in the tritium.
A = n° + p⁺.
A(T) = 3; mass number of the tritium.
n°(T) = 3 -1.
n°(T) = 2; number of neutrons in tritium.
Isotopes are chemical elements with same atomic number, but different mass number (different number of neutrons), hydrogen, besides deuterium and tritium, has isotope protium.
sodium has an atomic number of 38 and a mass number of 88 how many neutrons are in one atom of strontium
88
50
38
126
Neutrons and protons each weight approximately 1 unit, while electrons weigh almost nil.
The atomic number tells us the number of protons (and electrons) there are in each atom.
Thus the mass number (88) is the total of the number of neutrons (N) and protons (38).
Therefore the number of neutrons is N=(88-38)=50
PLEASE HALP ASAP!!!!!
1) Which of these is a chemical property of a substance?
1-reactivity
2-color
3-boiling point
4-melting point
2) Which of these is true of a chemical reaction?
1-Energy is always transferred from reactants to products.
2-Energy is always transferred from reactants to reactants
3-Energy is transferred between products and reactants.
4-Energy is not transfered.
3) Which of these is an example of physical change?
1-melting a substance
2-breaking chemical bonds
3-forming chemical bonds
4-nuclear decay
4) Which of these is an example of a chemical change?
1-cutting bread
2-spreading peanut butter
3-digesting a sandwich
4-stirring jelly
5) Which of these is an example of a physical change?
1-gasoline burning
2-metal denting
3-iron rusting
4-silver tarnishing
Reactivity is a chemical property, energy transferring between products and reactants is true of a chemical reaction, melting a substance and metal denting are physical changes, while digesting a sandwich is a chemical change.
Explanation:The chemical property of a substance from the given options is reactivity. A chemical property is related to how a substance interacts with other substances, and reactivity is an example of this.
For a chemical reaction, it's accurate to say that energy is transferred between products and reactants. During a chemical reaction, energy can either be absorbed or released, indicating a transfer of energy.
An example of a physical change from your list would be melting a substance. Physical changes involve a change in the physical properties of a substance, like its state of matter, but the substance itself doesn't change.
A chemical change involves a substance changing into a new substance with different properties. In this case, digesting a sandwich is a chemical change because it causes the food to break down into different substances.
Finally, from your list, an example of a physical change would again be metal denting. A physical change alters a substance without changing its composition, like denting a metal object does.
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Which characteristic is typical of metals?
Answer:
Metals are malleable.
Explanation:
The metals are the substances possessing an abundant amount of electrons. They are placed majorly on the left side of the periodic table. The metals are considered as the good conductors of electricity and heat, they are lustrous in appearance, and usually have a high melting point. However, the main property, which distinguishes it from other substances is that they are malleable and ductile, that is, they can be transformed into wires and thin sheets.
Select the electron domain geometry and the molecular geometry for an ammonia molecule, NH3. Check all of the boxes that apply. You may use the periodic table if needed.
trigonal-planar electron domain geometry
trigonal-planar molecular geometry
trigonal-pyramidal electron domain geometry
trigonal-pyramidal molecular geometry
tetrahedral electron domain geometry
tetrahedral molecular geometry
The correct answer is option 4 and 5.
The electron domain geometry for an ammonia molecule, NH₃ has tetrahedral electron domain geometry. In NH₃ there are three bond pair electrons and one lone pair electron. Therefore, NH₃ has four electron pairs which are distributed in a tetrahedral shape.
The molecular geometry for an ammonia molecule, NH₃ is trigonal-pyramidal molecular geometry. Ammonia has one lone pair of electron and three bond pairs of electrons thus the resulting molecular geometry is trigonal-pyramidal.
For an ammonia molecule, the electron domain geometry is tetrahedral, and the molecular geometry is trigonal pyramidal. Therefore, the fourth and fifth option is correct.
The electron domain geometry describes the arrangement of electron domains around the central atom, where an electron domain can be a bond or a lone pair of electrons.
Molecular geometry refers to the arrangement of atoms in a molecule, considering both the bonding and nonbonding electron pairs.
In ammonia, the three hydrogen atoms are bonded to the central nitrogen atom, and the nitrogen atom has one lone pair of electrons.
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Which of the following are major influences on weather and climate? I. the cycling of water in and out of the atmosphere II. the physical weathering of rocks and soil III. uneven heating of the Earth by the Sun's energy IV. global patterns of atmospheric movement A. I, III, and IV only B. I, II, and IV only. C. I, II, and III only D. II, III, and IV only
A. I, III, and IV only.
Answer:
A. I, III, and IV only
Explanation:
The cycling of water in and out of the atmosphere is an important determinant of weather and climate. Changes in humidity and average rainfall usually depend on this factor.
Uneven heating of the earth by the sun also creates unique patterns of changes in weather and climatic conditions around the world.
Global patterns of atmospheric movement affect parameters such as wind speed etc.
The number of grams in the molar mass of an element is the same as an elements ...
It is the same as an elements number of protons.
Name the following Ionic Compound:
Fe2O3
(I believe this is Iron (III) Oxide)
It is Iron 2 (Fe2) and Oxygen 3 (O3). Hope this helps!
The chemical formula Fe₂O₃ corresponds to the ionic compound Iron (III) Oxide.
An ionic compound is a chemical compound composed of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) that are held together by electrostatic forces.
In this compound, Fe represents iron, and the Roman numeral III indicates the charge on the iron ion, which is +3. The symbol O represents oxygen.
Iron (III) Oxide is commonly known as rust and is a reddish-brown compound that forms when iron reacts with oxygen in the presence of moisture.
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Please help with this question:)
The first step is canceling out the like term, in this case it is the atoms and mole specification. I use e instead of multiplying times 10 to a power, it is mostly used in higher sciences but I think it is easier and it is in most calculators. So your equations is 7.43e22 Mg multiplied by (1/6.02e23) multiplied by (24.30) Mg. So all together it is 7.43e22 (1/6.02e23) (24.30). Then just multiply across, it is easier to break it up. 7.43e22 times (1/6.02e23)= .1234219269. Take that and multiply it by 24.30. So that looks like (0.1234219269)x(24.3)= 2.999152824. So if it would be 2.9992 grams of Mg.
Study the following reaction carefully. What classification should this reaction have? 4Al + 3O 2 2Al 2 O 3
The reaction is a synthesis…
[tex]4Al + 3O_2 \longrightarrow 2Al_2O_3\\[/tex]
… because two substances are combining to make one other substance.
[tex]4\stackrel{\hbox{0}}{\hbox{Al}} + 3\stackrel{\hbox{0}}{\hbox{O}}_2 \longrightarrow 2\stackrel{\hbox{+3}}{\hbox{Al}}_2\stackrel{\hbox{-2}}{\hbox{O}}_3\\[/tex]
It is also a reduction-oxidation reaction because the oxidation number of Al increases from 0 to +3 and the oxidation number of O decreases from 0 to -2.
A false statement concerning matter is: Matter cannot be subdivided. Matter is composed of many small particles called atoms. Matter is mostly empty space. All matter contains mass.
Answer:
A) Matter cannot be subdivided.
Explanation:
Hope this comes to your aid.
Matter are anything that is made up of atoms. The quantity of matter can be observed only on the basis of mass and volume calculation. Therefore, the incorrect statement is matter cannot be subdivided.
What is matter?Matter is a substance that has some mass and can occupy some volume. The matter is mainly used in science. Matter can be solid, liquid or gas.
Matter is anything that is made up of atoms. Anything around us that can be physically seen and touched are matter. Ice, water and water vapors are example of matter.
So as we saw that matter has some mass so mass can be measured in gram only. Mass can also be represented as number of molecules. We also saw that matter occupy some volume and that volume is measured only in liter. Degree of Celsius is used to measure temperature which has nothing to do with matter.
Therefore, the incorrect statement is matter cannot be subdivided.
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what properties do elements found in groups 1B–8B on the periodic table display?
Final answer:
Transition metals in groups 1B-8B on the periodic table display similar properties such as high melting and boiling points, good electrical and heat conductivity, and the ability to form colored compounds.
Explanation:
The elements in groups 1B-8B on the periodic table, also known as transition metals, display similar properties. These elements have partially filled d orbitals in their electron configurations, which give them their unique characteristics. Some common properties of transition metals include high melting and boiling points, good conductors of electricity and heat, ability to form colored compounds, and variable oxidation states.
Therefore, the required properties are high melting and boiling points, good electrical and heat conductivity, and the ability to form colored compounds.
Which of the following objects would float when placed in water? (Note: 1 mL 1 cm+3)*
apple: density-0.7 g/m
gold: density 19.3 g/mL
iron: density-7.8 g/mL
rubber: density-1.2 g/mL
Only an apple will float when placed in water.
An object will float in water if its density is less than that of water (1.0 g/mL).
An object will sink in water if its density is greater than that of water.
Thus, solid objects made of gold, iron, or rubber will all sink in water.
Is the volume of water measured using the graduated cylinder identical to the volume calculated. Why ?
The volume of water measured using the graduated cylinder is not exactly identical identical to the volume calculated.
Explanation:Calculated volume is theoretical value calculated from the density and mass of water.
But volume measured in cylinder can contain the personal error of individual.
Because in graduated cylinder volume is measured in a specific way that is:
Place the graduated cylinder on a flat surface and view the height of the liquid in the cylinder with your eyes directly level with the liquid. The liquid will tend to curve downward. This curve is called the meniscus. Always read the measurement at the bottom of the meniscus.Convert this number to its standard form 4.05x10
The answer is 40.5.
Standard form is in answered or not in a different form.
So, you must solve this.
4.05 * 10 = 40.5
Have a great day :) Let me know if you need help with anything else!
The question asked about converting a number in scientific notation to standard form. The number 4.05 x 10 is converted into its standard form by moving the decimal point of 4.05 one place to the right, which gives us 40.5.
Explanation:The number provided is in a format known as scientific notation. To convert it to its standard form, we just need to follow a few steps. The number provided is 4.05 x 10. Converting this to standard form involves multiplying the number outside the 'x' (i.e., 4.05) by 10. However, as there's no specified power of 10 provided (like 10^2, 10^3 etc.), we assume it to be 10^1. So, we simply move the decimal point in 4.05 one place to the right because it's 10^1. Thus, the standard form of 4.05 x 10 is 40.5.
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Which compound had the highest melting point
usually its rubber please give me the brainliest!
It is yet unknown compound having highest melting point of all compounds.
It is made up of right amounts of hafnium, nitrogen, and carbon would have a melting point of more than 4400 K (7460°F).
That's about two-thirds the temperature at the surface of the sun and 200 K higher than the highest melting point ever recorded experimentally.
how many atoms are in 80.2 grams of Calcium?
Answer:
There are [tex]1.207\times 10^{24} atoms[/tex] in 80.2 grams of calcium.
Explanation:
Atomic mass of calcium = 40 g/mol
Mass of calcium given = 80.2 g
Moles of calcium = [tex]\frac{80.2 g}{40 g/mol}=2.005 mol[/tex]
1 mol = [tex]N_A=6.022\times 10^{23} [/tex] atoms/ molecules, ions
Number of atoms of calcium in 2.005 moles of calcium:
[tex]2.005 \times 6.022\times 10^{23}=1.207\times 10^{24} atoms[/tex]
There are [tex]1.207\times 10^{24} atoms[/tex] in 80.2 grams of calcium.
The number of atoms in 80.2grams of calcium is 1.207 × 10²⁴ atoms.
How to calculate number of atoms?The number of atoms of an element can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles of the substance by Avogadro's number as follows:
no of atoms = no of moles × Avogadro's number
According to this question, 80.2grams of calcium are given. Calcium has a molar mass of 40.0g/mol. The number of moles can be calculated as follows:
no of moles = 80.2g ÷ 40g/mol = 2.005mol
No of atoms = 2.005mol × 6.02 × 10²³
no of atoms = 1.207 × 10²⁴ atoms
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A wave travels 12 m east in 3.0 s. What is the velocity of the wave?
Answer: + 4 m/s
Working Out:
V = Δ x ÷ Δ t ;where V = velocity, Δ x = displacement, Δ t = change in time
V = Δ x ÷ Δ t
V = (12 m east) ÷ 3.0 s
V = 4 m/s to the east OR V = + 4 m/s
∴ The velocity of the wave is + 4 m/s
Answer:
4 m/s
Explanation: TOOK THE TEST
Explain the 4 blocks of the periodic table. How many, what are they, and what is strange about block "d"?
Answer and explanation;
An element block is a set of elements located in adjacent element groups.
There are four blocks; s, p, d, f; which originated from descriptions of spectroscopic lines of atomic orbitals: sharp, principal, diffuse and fundamental.
s-block; the first two groups of the periodic table, the s-block metals:
are either alkali metals or alkaline earth metals are soft and have low melting points are electropositive and chemically activeP-block elements include the last six element groups of the periodic table, excluding helium. The p-block elements include all of the nonmetals except for hydrogen and helium, the semi-metals, and the post-transition metals.
D-block elements are transition metals of element groups 3-12. D-Block elements:
have valence electrons in their two outermost and shells 'd' block elements behave in a manner that is somewhere between that of highly reactive electropositive alkali metals and the covalent compound forming elements.have high melting and boiling points usually form colored salts are generally good catalystsf-block; Inner transition elements, usually the lanthanide and actinide series, including lanthanum and actinium. These elements are metals which have:
high melting points variable oxidations states the ability to form colored saltsUniqueness of group D elements; Normally across the period atomic radii should decrease. But d-block elements do not follow this trend. It increases From V to Cr and them remains constant and decreases and remains constant again.
Which statement is true about sodium hydroxide (NaOH)? It is a salt because it increases the concentration of metallic ions. It is a salt because it is formed by the reaction of an acid and a base. It is a base because it increases the concentration of hydronium ions. It is a base because it increases the concentration of hydroxide ions.
Answer:
The answer is D.) It is a base because it increases the concentration of hydroxide ions.
Explanation:
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Answer:
It is a base because it increases the concentration of hydroxide ions.
Explanation:
The element chlorine (Cl) has two isotopes: chlorine-35 and chlorine-37. 75.5% of chlorine atoms have 18 neutrons and 17 protons, and the other 24.5% have 20neutrons and 17protons. Using the isotopic composition provided, calculate the average atomic mass of chlorine.
Answer:
35.8 u
Explanation:
The atomic mass of Cl is the weighted average of the atomic masses of its isotopes.
We multiply the atomic mass of each isotope by a number representing its relative importance (i.e., its percent abundance).
Atomic mass of Cl-35 = 17p + 18n = 17 × 1.007 u + 18 × 1.009 u
= 17.119 u + 18.162 u = 35.28 u
Atomic mass of Cl-37 = 17p + 20n = 17 × 1.007 u + 20 × 1.009 u
= 17.119 u + 20.180 u = 37.30 u
Set up a table for easy calculation.
0.755 × 35.28 u = 26.64 u
0.245 × 37.30 u = 9.138 u
TOTAL = 35.8 u
Note: The actual atomic mass of Cl is 35.45 u.
The calculated value above is incorrect because
(a) the given isotopic percentages are incorrect and
(b) the protons and neutrons have less mass when they are in the nucleus than when they are free. Thus, the calculated masses of Cl-35 and Cl-37 are too high.
The average atomic mass of chlorine can be calculated as a weighted average of its two isotopes' masses, with weights reflecting their proportions. Isotopes are variations of an element with different numbers of neutrons, and understanding them helps us calculate average atomic masses. Similar calculations apply for other elements with multiple isotopes, such as boron.
Explanation:The subject of this question is the average atomic mass of the element chlorine (Cl), given the proportions of its two isotopes: chlorine-35 and chlorine-37, with the respective proportions of 75.5% and 24.5%. The calculation is similar to finding a weighted average. This involves multiplying each individual isotope mass by its percentage (expressed as a decimal), and then adding the products together: (35amu*0.755) + (37amu*0.245).
Isotopes are variations of an element that have the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons. This concept is important in understanding the calculation of an element's average atomic mass. The atomic mass listed on the periodic table for each element is a weighted average of its isotopes' masses, with the weights being the natural abundance of each isotope. This is why elements, even those with atomic masses in square brackets due to their unstable nature, have precise average atomic masses.
For example, a similar element, boron, has two isotopes as well: 19.9% of all boron atoms are ¹0B with a mass of 10.0129 amu, and the remaining 80.1% are ¹¹B with a mass of 11.0093 amu. The average atomic mass for boron is then also a weighted average, calculated in a similar way to chlorine.
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