What is the major difference between modified thayer-martin (mtm) and chocolate agar?

Answers

Answer 1

Chocolate agar is essentially blood agar that contains lysed red cells and a couple of growth-promoting agents to grow organisms of Hemophilia and Neisseria.

Answer 2

The major difference between Modified Thayer-Martin (MTM) agar and Chocolate agar lies in their composition and intended use for the cultivation of different microorganisms.

Modified Thayer-Martin (MTM) agar is a selective medium designed specifically for the isolation of _Neisseria gonorrhoeae_, the bacterium responsible for gonorrhea. It contains antibiotics such as vancomycin, nystatin, and colistin to inhibit the growth of other bacteria and fungi that may be present in the clinical specimen. Additionally, MTM agar is supplemented with hemoglobin and other nutrients to support the growth of _N. gonorrhoeae_.

Chocolate agar, on the other hand, is a non-selective, enriched medium that supports the growth of a wide range of fastidious bacteria, including _Haemophilus influenzae_, _Neisseria meningitidis_, and _Streptococcus pneumoniae_. It is called ""chocolate"" agar because of its brown color, which comes from the addition of heated blood (usually laked horse blood) that provides essential growth factors like hemin and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Chocolate agar does not contain antibiotics, making it less selective than MTM agar.

In summary, the key differences are:

- MTM agar is selective and contains antibiotics to inhibit the growth of unwanted microorganisms, while chocolate agar is non-selective and does not contain antibiotics.

- MTM agar is specifically designed for the isolation of _Neisseria gonorrhoeae_, whereas chocolate agar is used for a broader range of fastidious bacteria.

- The composition of the two media differs, with MTM agar being supplemented with hemoglobin and chocolate agar containing heated blood products.

Related Questions

A patient with heart failure reports awakening intermittently with shortness of breath. which terms appropriately describes this clinical manifestation?

Answers

I think the term that describes this Paroxsymal nocturnal. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea refers to attacks of severe shortness of breath and coughing that generally occur at night. It usually awakens the person from sleep, and may be quite frightening. It is an acquired disorder that leads to the premature death and impaired production of blood cells. The disorder affects red blood cells, which carry oxygen; white blood cells, which protect the body from infection; and platelets.

An athlete engages in some minor misbehavior. how should the coach respond to the athlete's misbehavior?

Answers

Public confrontation must be avoided as possible. The coach can remove the athlete from the practice or competition and misbehavior must be addressed privately. Athlete can have time to reflect on what did they do. This will allow realization on their mistake and the situation happened. With this, they will not loss their self esteem and confidence which is needed for their future games or during practice. Athletes are intelligent and they usually address if they have did a mistake.

The genetic coding or expression that determines our dna and messaging for cells is

Answers

The correct answer is "available in all cells but is idle in some cells and active in others".

All cells in the human body have genetic information stored in the nucleus in the form of chromatin. In cells that are not actively dividing such as in neurons, skeletal muscle cells, etc., the genetic information is idle and formed as heterochromatin. In cells that are actively dividing such as in epithelium of the digestive tract, the genetic information is active and formed as euchromatin.

In pea plants, yellow seeds (y) are dominant and green seeds (y) are recessive. a pea plant with yellow seeds is crossed with a pea plant with green seeds. the resulting offspring have about equal numbers of yellow and green seeded plants. what are the genotypes of the parents?

Answers

To get the result of having 50% of recessive phenotype (green seeds), it is necessary to have a homozygous recessive parent (yy) crossed with a heterozygous parent (Yy) in order to achieve the 50% Yy (yellow, dominant) and 50% (yy, green, recessive).

The Punnett square below illustrates the above result:
y y
Y Yy Yy
y yy yy

So we get 50% Yy(heterogous, yellow dominant) and 50% yy (homozygous recessive, green).

Final answer:

The parental genotypes for the pea plants are Yy for the yellow-seeded parent and yy for the green-seeded parent, which explains the equal numbers of yellow and green seeded offspring.

Explanation:

Understanding Parental Genotypes in Pea Plants

In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant (Y) and green seeds are recessive (y). Given that a cross between a pea plant with yellow seeds and one with green seeds yields offspring with about an equal number of yellow and green seeds, we can deduce the genotypes of the parents. The parent with yellow seeds must be heterozygous (Yy) because they contribute both the dominant and recessive alleles. The green-seeded parent is homozygous recessive (yy) because green is the recessive trait and can only be expressed phenotypically when two recessive alleles are present.

To predict the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring, a Punnett square analysis can be employed. In this scenario, the Punnett square would show 50% of the offspring having yellow seeds (Yy) and 50% with green seeds (yy), supporting the observation of equal numbers of yellow and green seeded plants among the offspring.

People with dark brown eyes have greater amounts of the protein melanin in their irises than people with light blue eyes. The amount of melanin produced is a direct result of _________.
Select one:

Environmental conditions

Their personality

The foods they received as children

DNA

Answers

DNA??? I’m not sure but I’m saying DNA hope I helped!

what is the cell wall ?

Answers

The cell wall is a layer on the outside of the cell membrane of plant, fungi. and bacteria cells. It provides the cell with structural support and protecion.

I hope this helps you:)

Hello,

Here is your answer:

The proper answer to this question is "a cell wall is what lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells and its seen in plants".

Here is how:

The cell wall surrounds the whole cell like a wall protecting it from the out side cells that could cause the cell to die.

If you need anymore help feel free to ask me!

Hope this helps!

The patient is scheduled to have an eeg to confirm the presence of a sleep disorder. the patient asks the nurse to describe stage iv nrem sleep. what is the best response by the nurse?

Answers

The best response by the nurse is, this is the deepest stage of sleep and without it, you will be tired and depressed. In addition, an electroencephalogram or as called as (EEG) is a noninvasive test that registers electrical configurations in the brain. The examination is used to diagnose circumstances such as confiscations, epilepsy, head damages, faintness, headaches, brain tumors and sleeping disorders. It can also be used to settle brain bereavement.

One ozone molecule contains three _____ of oxygen.

Answers

One ozone molecule contains three atoms of oxygen.

Ozone (O3) is a triatomic molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms. Ozone is an allotropic oxygen modification that is much more unstable than the usual dual-atomic form, O2. O3 is generally present in the Earth's atmosphere: in layers of soil it is one of the most dangerous contaminants with harmful effects on the lungs; ozone in the upper layers of the atmosphere prevents the penetration of harmful ultraviolet rays to the Earth's surface.

Ozone consists of three oxygen atoms, for a total of 18 valence electrons. These can be equivalently distributed in two ways:

________ is a compound stored in the muscles to replenish atp stores.

Answers

Creatine phosphate is a compound that is stored in the muscles to replenish atp stores.

In a dialysis machine, wastes are removed from blood plasma by the process of

Answers

The answer is diffusion. Since the patient’s blood is high is waste products such as urea, the waste products diffuse into the dialyzing solution used in the dialysis machine. To remove excess water and sodium ions from the blood, however, the dialysis machine utilizes ultrafiltration process. This is achieved by lowering the hydrostatic pressure of the dialyzing solution against that of the patient's blood plasma.

I think it is by the process of diffusion. Blood contains particles of many different size and types, including cells, proteins, dissolved ions, and organic waste products. Some of these particles, such as proteins like hemoglobin, are essential for the body. Others such as urea must be removed from the blood or they will accumulate and interfere with normal metabolic process. The dialysis machine does the work of cleaning the blood by replicating the work of the kidney.

According to the dichotomous key, in what way(s) is the house sparrow similar to the cobra?

Answers

D) Both are bot a mammal, are multicellular, and are heterotrophic.

Which of the three types of viruses shown above would you expect to include glycoproteins?

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The viruses labeled with I and II in the picture presented below have a viral envelope, an outer layer of the viral particle that contains various glycoproteins.
These structures on the envelope are key factors in virus-cell recognition and viral infection of the cell.

The correct answer is D: I and II only.
Viruses have protein capsids, which protect their genetic material. This capsid sometimes is covered by viral envelopes which have glycoproteins on their surface. Glycoproteins help in the process of binding to the host cell and infecting it. In this example, virus III has the structure of a bacteriophage and it does not seem to have glycoproteins. Bacteriophages use their tail fibers to attach to the bacterial host and inject their genetic material. On the contrary, viruses I and II have glycoproteins sticking out of their envelopes.

All the different populations living in the same habitat or ecosystem make up __________.
biodiversity
ecosystem diversity
genetic diversity
species diversity

Answers

The answer is D. species diversity. This is because biodiversity, refers to all the many plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. It also includes the variety of ecosystems found on Earth. Ecosystem diversity, describes all of the habitats around the world. Genetic diversity, describes the variety of genetic traits we observe in a species. Species diversity describes all the different populations living in the same habitat or ecosystem. So, your answer is D. If your still unsure, I just took this quiz and got 100%. Hope this helps!

All the different populations living in the same habitat or ecosystem make up species diversity.

What do you mean by species diversity?

Species diversity is the number of different species that are represented in a given community. The effective number of species refers to the number of equally abundant species needed to obtain the same mean proportional species abundance as that observed in the dataset of interest.

Moreover, it is defined as the number of different species present in an ecosystem and relative abundance of each of those species.” Diversity is greatest when all the species present are equally abundant in the area.

Therefore, many factors affect small-scale species richness, including geographic (e.g. species pool, dispersal), biotic (e.g. competition, predation, facilitation) and abiotic (e.g. resource availability, environmental heterogeneity, disturbance frequency and intensity).

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What is the process in which immigrants are absorbed into the larger host society?

Answers

The process is called Cultural Assimilation

Which type of environmental scientists is likely to study the effects of pesticides on pigs?

A. Ecologist
B. Oceanographer
C. Environmental veterinarian
D. Environmental physicians

Answers

Environmental veterinarian. Hope this helped

The answer would be C -- environmental veterinarian

What do you think algae offer that the fungi can’t do?

Answers

Both help the planet but algae can do it way faster.

Algae are autotroph as they contain chloroplasts and carry out photosynthesis. During photosynthesis they make carbohydrate. Hence, they are producers. Whereas, Fungi do not have chloroplast. They are saprophytes, depends on death and decaying matter for food. So, fungi are the decomposers of the ecosystem.

Small secondary lymphoid organs, which cluster along lymphatic vessels, are termed ________.

Answers

Lymph nodes. They comprise the lymphatic system that connects to the blood circulatory system. They are significant in the immune system. At the lymph nodes, foreign bodies in the lymph, such as pathogens, are filtered and trapped in lymph nodes where they are later destroyed by lymphocytes.

Lymphoid tissue that appears as a swelling of the mucosa in the oral cavity is called a(n) _____________ .

Answers

There are choices for this question namely:

A) tonsil
B) thymus
C) Peyer's patch
D) appendix

The correct answer is "tonsil". Tonsils are lymphoid tissue that is found in the oral mucosa. The tonsils are arranged in a ring-like fashion called the Waldeyer's ring. This ring comprises of two tubal tonsils, two palatine tonsils, one adenoid tonsil, and one lingual tonsils. In cases of infection involving the oral mucosa and the pharynx, the tonsils become inflamed as well and the condition is called acute tonsillopharyngitis.

Which are characteristics of medusae?

Answers

Snake hair face of women body of a creature

The complete set of genes that makes up a person's heredity is called
a. a genotype
b. deoxyribonucleic acid
c. an allele
d. a phenotype

Answers

Your answer would be A genotype. :)

Match the stimulus example to the type of sensory receptor. 1. chemoreceptor 2. photoreceptor 3. mechanoreceptor 4. nociceptor 5. thermoreceptor

Answers

Sensory receptors are dendrites of sensory neurons specialized for receiving kinds of stimuli.
i) Chemoreceptors are sensory receptors that detects the presence of chemicals; responsible for taste, smell, and monitoring the concentration of certain chemicals in body fluids. They are essential to the maintenance of homeostasis as they constantly monitor minute changes in the relative concentrations of both lipid and water soluble compounds dissolved in the fluids that surround them.

ii) Photoreceptor are sensory receptors that detects light; located in the retina of the eye. They have great biological importance in converting light which is visible electromagnetic radiation into signals that can stimulate biological process. A process called visual phototransduction.

iii) Mechanoreceptors are sensory receptors that respond to a bending or deformation of the cell; For example receptors for touch, pressure, hearing and equilibrium. The mechanical deformation transmitted by the receptors include, joint rotation due to position change and motion, into electrical signals.

iv) Nociceptor is a sensory receptor that responds to tissue damage , pain receptors. This type of receptor at the end of sensory neuron's axon that responds to damaging or potentially damaging stimuli by sending possible threat signals to the spinal cord and the brain (central nervous system).

v) Thermoreceptor is a sensory neuron that detects changes in temperatures. It is a non-specialized sense receptor, or the receptive portion of a sensory neuron, that codes absolute relative changes in temperature, primarily within the innocuous range.

Final answer:

To match the stimulus example to the type of sensory receptor, chemoreceptors detect chemical stimuli like taste or smell, photoreceptors are sensitive to light, mechanoreceptors respond to mechanical pressures, nociceptors detect pain or tissue damage, and thermoreceptors are sensitive to temperature changes.

Explanation:

To match the stimulus example to the type of sensory receptor, we need to understand the specific stimuli each receptor type is responsive to. Here's a clear matching based on their functions:

Chemoreceptor: This type of receptor interprets chemical stimuli, such as an object's taste or smell. It is involved in detecting chemicals in our internal and external environments, playing a crucial role in the senses of taste and smell.Photoreceptor: These receptors are sensitive to light. They are located in the retina of the eye and allow us to perceive visual stimuli, enabling the sense of sight.Mechanoreceptor: These receptors are sensitive to mechanical pressures or changes, such as touch, pressure, vibration, stretch, and sound. They are involved in the sense of touch and hearing, as well as in detecting body position and movement.Nociceptor: Nociceptors are pain receptors that detect harmful stimuli or signs of tissue damage. They are vital for the sensation of pain, informing the body of potential injury.Thermoreceptor: Thermoreceptors detect changes in temperature. They are sensitive to temperatures above or below the body's normal temperature, playing a key role in the sensation of warmth or cold.

Crenation (shrinking) is likely to occur in blood cells immersed in ________.
a.a hypotonic solution
b.blood plasma
c.a hypertonic solution

Answers

I believe that Crenation (shrinking) s likely to occur in blood cells when immersed in Hypertonic solution. The shrinking occurs because the red blood cells looses water osmotically to the outside environment and shrinks, then becomes crenated. We have three types of solution. An isotonic solution is a solution with equal solvent and solvent molecules. A hyperonic solution is a solution with more solute molecules than solvent molecules, for example a solution of with more salt molecules than water molecules. A hypotonic solution is a solution with more solvent molecules (water molecules) than solute molecules (salt).

Crenation (shrinking) is likely to occur in blood cells immersed in C) a hypertonic solution.

In a hypertonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the blood cells is higher than inside the cells. As a result, water molecules tend to move out of the cells through osmosis, leading to a loss of water and the subsequent shrinkage of the cells.

This can occur when blood cells are exposed to a solution with a higher salt concentration or other solutes. Conversely, in a hypotonic solution where the concentration of solutes outside the cells is lower, water molecules will move into the cells, causing them to swell and potentially burst. In blood plasma, which is isotonic to blood cells, there is no net movement of water, and the cells maintain their normal shape and size.

Therefore, the correct answer is C) a hypertonic solution.

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Compare the fate of pyruvate in alcohol fermentation and in lactic acid fermentation

Answers

I believe During alcoholic fermentation; Pyruvate is reduced to ethanol in two steps which include; Pyruvate loses carbon dioxide and is converted to the two carbon compound which is oxidized into acetaldehyde. NADH is oxidized to NAD+ and acetaldehyde is reduced to ethanol. Many bacteria and yeast carry out alcohol fermentation under anaerobic conditions.
On the other hand, During lactic Acid fermentation Pyruvate is reduced to lactate, coupled by the oxidation of NADH to NAD+. This reaction is used in the production of commercially important products such as cheese and yogurt. When oxygen is scarce human cells switch to lactic acid fermentation from aerobic fermentation. Lactate accumulates, but it is gradually taken to the liver where it is converted back to pyruvate when oxygen becomes available.

Answer:

Fate of pyruvate in alcohol fermentation:

Alcoholic fermentation may be defined as a type of metabolic pathway in which occurs generally in the yeast and microorganism. This process occurs in the absence of oxygen. The end products are ethanol, carbon dioxide and ATP from the pyruvate molecule.

Fate of pyruvate in lactic acid fermentation:

Lactic acid fermentation may be defined as the metabolic pathway that generally occurs in the muscle cells. This process occurs in the limited supply of oxygen. The end products are lactic acids and ATP from the pyruvate molecule.

The pathophysiology class is learning how microorganisms develop resistance to anti-infective drugs. what is one way the nursing students would learn that microorganisms develop resistance to anti-infective drugs?

Answers

They may learn resistance through conjugation- where bacteria exchange DNA via sex pili (bridges).

What part of the milky way probably contains a supermassive black hole

A) The halo

B) The disk

C) The nucleus

D) An open cluster

Answers

The nucleus (C).

The nucleus is the center of the galaxy, where the black hole is.

Hope this helps!

Which of the following would describe Lamarck’s ideas about evolution? Horses and zebras are similar. They have a common ancestor.

A mouse loses its tail in a fight. Its offspring will not have tails.

Wolves eat most of the rabbits in a field. A few smart rabbits find hiding places. They survive and reproduce.

Answers

The second statement: 'A mouse loses its tail in a fight. Its offspring will not have tails' best describes Lamarck’s ideas on evolution. Lamarck believed that traits developed during an individuals lifetime would be passed on to the individuals offspring. This is on contrast to Darwin's theory of Natural Selection: Individuals with a competitive edge within a population are more likely to survive and reproduce, thereby passing their genes explaining that particular phenotype to the next generation.

Answer:

A mouse loses its tail in a fight. Its offspring will not have tails.

Certain environments can lead to an increased risk of developing certain diseases.
true or false

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Certain environmental conditions increase the occurrence of diseases. A polluted environment in terms of air pollution poses risk of developing respiratory disease such as asthma in allergic individuals or in the individuals with hyperactive immune system. Likewise, individuals with defective melanin production gene are more likely to develop skin cancer upon exposure to UV lights. Hence, specific conditions stimulate disease occurrence.

Help please asap be very thankful

Answers

It is probably the type of environment they live in

You are working in the emergency department of a regional hospital in rural kentucky. a patient is brought in by emergency medical technicians (emt's). their initial report is suspected meningitis because the patient has a headache and stiff neck. the emts add that the patient's meningitis symptoms appear rather mild – he still has neck movement, and the headaches are not severe. the patient's overall condition is poor, however. he is very thin, has dark spots on his face and upper body, and open bloody-looking eruptions on his lips. his fever is 104 0 f, and his blood pressure is low. he also has severe diarrhea. 1. what is the first step in determining if the patient has meningitis? 2. this test reveals the presence of very large cells that appear to be eukaryotic, surrounded by a large capsule. what is the probable diagnosis? name some other eukaryotic organisms that can cause meningitis symptoms. 3. what groups of people are at risk for this infection? 4. how is

Answers

1. Meningitis is an infection of meninges, the membrane that protects the brain. To prove there is an infection in the brain, you can take a specimen of cerebrospinal fluid by lumbar puncture. The sample can be examined microscopically (for the presence of bacteria and leukocyte) or chemically(by looking at the protein count).

2. Cerebrospinal fluid should be sterile so the presence of eukaryotic cells means that the patient is meninges infected by bacteria. The diagnosis probably is meningitis bacteria. The capsule indicates the bacteria is Neisseria meningitidis, make the diagnosis become meningococcal meningitis.
Meningitis could also caused by Listeria monocytogenes, Haemophilus influenza, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or a virus.

3. The site of infection of meningitis could be from blood or direct contact to the cerebrospinal fluid.
Direct contact needs an open wound from the skull or the vertebrae that allow the invasion. Any accident that has enough force to fracture the skull be at risk.
Bacteria can spread from blood in case of sepsis. Immunocompromised patient has a higher risk. Children, incomplete vaccination and living in high-density community also increase the risk.

Which describes the cells of a wilted plant? The central vacuoles contain little water, The plasmodesmata are closed, The chloroplasts contain little water, The walls have lost their shape

Answers

The answer is A: 'The central vacuoles contain little water'. Wilting occurs due to a plant losing more water than it can absorb through its roots from the ground. Wilting results in a loss of turgor pressure to almost zero.Typically, wilting occurs during very low soil moisture conditions. However, wilting can also occur under extreme cold conditions and in very saline soil.

The central vacuoles contain little water

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How does legislative oversight support the separation of powers and checks and balances? How are Protista different from bacteria?A) Protista reproduce asexually and bacteria do not.B) Protista are heterotrophic and bacteria are not.C) Protista have cilia and bacteria do not.D) Protista have nuclei and bacteria do not. Which suffix works for telepathy tion , sion, or ic Matthew is completing his master's thesis, which addresses the culture of outlaw motorcycle gangs. for the past six months, he has been riding with a gang, observing and describing behaviors in an attempt to present a view of these groups from a gang member's perspective. like mario brajuha, he is determined to keep the identities of his subjects confidential. which research method is matthew employing? Which of the following types of long-term memory best describes your personal recollection of watching your favorite movie?A. semanticB. proceduralC. episodic Describe two different sequences of transformations that will map ABCD to EFGH. Orlando bought a new couch for 2,736, using the furniture store's finance plan. He will pay $114 a month for 24 months. Which equation can Orlando use to find out how much money he still owes after each month of the plan? please translateEncontr una caja de naranjas. la caja dice que caducan en enero de dos mil seis puedo probar uno todava? As a market moves from a single seller to a competitive one, a product's price _____. Select the correct answer. What is tan for the given triangle? 0.60 1.67 1.33 5.00 0.20 what is the explicit rule for the following sequence -10 - 12 -14 -16 When sodium reacts with chlorine, sodium chloride is produced. Andrew represented this reaction with this equation:Na + Cl2 2NaClThe equation is (BLANK 1) because the number of (BLANK 2) atoms is (BLANK 3) on both sides of the arrow.BLANK 1A) BalancedB) Not BalancedBLANK 2A) ChlorineB) SodiumBLANK 3A) EqualB) Not Equal A researcher has discovered a new species of bacteria that is remarkably similar toe. coli in its morphology and rrna sequences. how should the bacteria be classified? which voting practice did this supreme court decision address The powers of the federal government are explained in the Constitution.decided by the states.protected in the Bill of Rights.shared by state governments Look at the two images of cells. mc020-1.jpg Which of the following statements best describes what can be seen in the images? Image A represents a peptide hormone that interacts with a receptor, and image B represents a steroid hormone that interacts with the cells DNA. Image A represents a steroid hormone that interacts with the cells DNA, and image B represents a peptide hormone that interacts with a receptor. Image A represents an endocrine hormone that interacts with a receptor, and image B represents an exocrine hormone that interacts with the cells DNA. Image A represents an exocrine hormone that interacts with the cells DNA, and image B represents an endocrine hormone that interacts with a receptor. ratios equivalent to 2:6. a triangular plot of land has boundary lines 45 meters, 60 meters, and 70 meters long. the 60 meter boundary line runs north-south. Is there a property for the boundary line that runs east-west Most of the currently standing great wall of china, and which is the most photographed, was Which of piaget's stages of cognitive development is characteristic of infants?a. the sensorimotor stageb. the concrete operations stagec. the formal operations staged. the preoperational stage?