Answer:
they are caused by mutations of the X chromosome
Explanation:
The X chromosome contains many genes in addition to those that determine sex. Certain hereditary defects determine by recessive genes are linked to the X chromosome. The disorders are caused by mutations of the X chromosomes.
When a person farts in a elevator and you smell it one minute later ...
A) solvent
B) Diffusion
C) solute
D) osmosis
E) solution
Answer:
B) diffusion
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Two processes form a cycle when the output from one process is the input for the other process, and vice-versa. Explain why respiration and photosynthesis form a cycle. Refer to specific types of molecules in your answer.
Explanation:
Photosynthesis produces glucose and O2 from inorganic CO2, light energy and water.
6CO2 + 6H20 + (energy) → C6H12O6 + 6O2
These end products, namely O2 and glucose are then used in respiration...
C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ≈38 ATP
The CO2 and H2O produced as waste in respiration can then be incorporated at the beginning of photosynthesis. Thus the reactions are cyclic- they feed into each other.
Further Explanation:
Photosynthesis is a chemical pathway that’s integral to producing energy in plants and other primary producers. Energy in the form of molecules of glucose is produced from light, water and carbon dioxide while oxygen is released. This occurs in several complex steps, photosynthesis is a rate limited reaction, depends on several factors including carbon dioxide concentration, ambient temperature and light intensity; the energy is retrieved from photons, I.e. particles of light, and water is used as a reducing agent. This occurs in the thykaloids, where pigment molecules like chlorophyll reside.
Occuring in several complex steps, photosynthesis is a rate limited reaction, depends on several factors including carbon dioxide concentration, ambient temperature and light intensity; the energy is retrieved from photons, I.e. particles of light, and water is used as a reducing agent. Water supplies the chlorophyll in plant cell with replacement electrons for the ones removed from photosystem II.
Additionally,
water (H2O) split by light during photolysis into H+ and OH- acts as a source of oxygen along with functioning as a reducing agent; it reduces the molecule NADP to NADPH by providing H+ ions and produces molecules of the energy storage molecule ATP through an electron transport chain. This occurs in the thykaloids, where pigment molecules like chlorophyll reside. Later, in dark reactions, NADP and NADPH are used in the Calvin cycle where monosaccharides or sugars like glucose are produced after the modification of several molecules. These store energy in their bonds, which can be released in respiration in the mitochondria.In all eukaryotic cells mitochondria are small cellular organelles bound by membranes, these make most of the chemical energy required for powering the biochemical reactions within the cell. This chemical energy is stored within the molecule ATP which is produced. Respiration in the mitochondria utilizes oxygen for the production of ATP in the Krebs’s cycle via the oxidization of pyruvate( through the process of glycoysis). The electron transport chain, in which oxygen functions as the terminal electron acceptor occurs in both plants and animals.
Glycolysis: occurs in the cytoplasm 2 molecules of ATP are used to cleave glucose into 2 pyruvates, 4 ATP and 2 electron carrying NADH molecules. The Kreb's cycle: in the mitochondrial matrix- 6 molecules of CO2 are produced by combining oxygen and the carbon within pyruvate, 2 ATP oxygen molecules, 8 NADH and 2 FADH2. The electron transport chain, ETC: in the inner mitochondrial membrane, 34 ATP, electrons combine with H+ split from 10 NADH, 4 FADH2, renewing the number of electron acceptors and 3 oxygen; this forms 6 H2O, 10 NAD+, 4 FAD.Learn more about photosynthesis at brainly.com/question/4216541
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9. A spaceship takes off in Houston, Texas headed for the planet Mars. List the four layers of
Earth's atmosphere through which it will move, in order beginning with the closest layer.
Answer:
Earth's atmosphere is divided into five main layers: the exosphere, the thermosphere, the mesosphere, the stratosphere and the troposphere.
Explanation:
A spaceship departing from Houston, Texas, to Mars will move through the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere, in that order, before entering the exosphere and finally leaving Earth's atmosphere.
The spaceship launched from Houston, Texas, aiming for Mars will pass through four main layers of Earth's atmosphere. These layers are distinct in terms of their composition and physical properties as the spaceship ascends from the Earth's surface into space.
Troposphere: The first layer above the Earth's surface where weather phenomena occur, extending up to about 8 to 15 kilometers.Stratosphere: This layer is above the troposphere, reaching up to about 50 kilometers. It contains the ozone layer, which absorbs and scatters the solar ultraviolet radiation.Mesosphere: The third layer extends from the stratosphere up to about 80 kilometers. Here, the temperature decreases with height, and it's where meteors burn up upon entering Earth's atmosphere.Thermosphere: The fourth layer, starting from about 80 kilometers and extending into space. The temperature increases with height due to the absorption of highly energetic solar radiation.After exiting the thermosphere, the spaceship will transition through the exosphere, where the Earth's atmosphere merges into interplanetary space. Each layer presents unique challenges and phenomena as the spaceship ascends, providing a fascinating journey from the Earth to the cosmos.
in pinus sp. male cone matured earlier than female cone . describe how this species the success of pollination
In pinus species male cone matured earlier than female cone because it male cone producing more pollen grain.
Explanation:
Pinus species don't have flowers who has nectar and pollen. Pine trees can’t attract bees and butterflies for pollination. Wind play vital role for pollination in pinus species tree.
The male cones produce producing pollen grains, which drift to the female cones on other trees. After few years mature the non-fertilized female pine cone mature to become the woody cones
Which characteristic is shared by all arthropods?
A jointed legs
B gills
C endoskeleton
D calcified hard shell
Answer:
Jointed legs
Explanation:
Members of the phylum arthropoda have jointed appendages hence the name arthropoda. They posses many paired appendages which are specialized for various functions. The jointed legs are used mainly for locomotion.
Answer:
jointed legs
Explanation:
My answer isn't as good as the other but i still like to participate.
Hunger is best described as?
Answer:
live microorganisms naturally found in or supplemented to food products.
Explanation:
Which organelle stores genetic information?
Describe the major environmental effects of hunter-gatherers, the agricultural revolution, and the
industrial revolution.
Hunter-gatherers:
Over hunting species leads to extinction (especially species like giant sloths, giant bison, mastodons, cave bears, saber-toothed cats)Agricultural Revolution:
Flora and Fauna became domesticated Habitats were destroyed because the grasslands forests and wetlands were replaced by farmland that results in erosion and floods and made the soil less fertileIndustrial revolution
Artificial substances replaced raw animals and plant products (plastics, pesticides) The rate of pollution increased.Final answer:
The hunter-gatherer lifestyle did not heavily impact the environment, whereas the Agricultural and Neolithic Revolutions led to changes in land use, social organization, and significant environmental manipulation. The Industrial Revolution further transformed human activity with mass production, causing notable increases in atmospheric CO2 levels.
Explanation:
Throughout history, the way humans have interacted with their environment has dramatically evolved. The hunter-gatherer societies had minimal impact on the environment as they fitted seamlessly into ecological food chains. However, the advent of the Agricultural Revolution around 3000 B.C.E. introduced permanent tools and farming tactics like crop rotation and the use of waste as fertilizer, paving the way for larger human settlements, trade, and increased environmental manipulation.
The Neolithic Revolution signified a pivotal shift from hunter-gatherer lifestyles to agriculture, leading to larger populations, specialization of labor, and sophisticated settlements such as Jericho and Çatalhöyük. This transition necessitated changes in land use, social organization, wealth accumulation, and even religious practices. However, not all societies embraced farming due to environmental unsuitability or perceived disadvantages.
The Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes in production, leading to widespread environmental impacts including an increase in global atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. This remarkable era transformed human activity and initiated the mass manufacture of goods, which had global repercussions, shifting the world into a new ecological era.
Which of the following is a natural cause of carbon increases and decreases?
Question 2 options:
clearing of land for new development
collecting and burning natural gas
plant growth related to weather
water usage related to fires
The natural cause of carbon increases and decreases is plant growth related to weather, which is influenced by natural weather patterns affecting the carbon cycle. In contrast, human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation are major contributors to the rising levels of CO2 and other greenhouse gases. Hence, the correct option is c.
The natural cause of carbon increases and decreases referred to in the question is plant growth related to weather. This process is part of the carbon cycle, where plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere during photosynthesis, which decreases atmospheric carbon levels. Conversely, when plants die and decompose, or when they are consumed by animals, the carbon is eventually released back into the atmosphere, leading to an increase in carbon levels. Natural factors such as weather can influence plant growth significantly, causing fluctuations in carbon uptake and release.
On the other hand, human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and cement production are among the major contributors to the increase in greenhouse gas levels, particularly CO2. These activities disrupt the natural carbon cycle and have been linked to global climate change. Slash-and-burn agriculture, and the clearing of land for new development, are examples of human activities that directly contribute to the increase in CO2 concentration in the atmosphere.
What part of the blood closes a wound?
A. Plasma
B. Hemoglobin
c. Platelet
D. Capillary
The part of the blood that closes a wound is platelet and the correct option is option C.
Platelets are small, disk-shaped blood cells that play a crucial role in the clotting process. When a wound occurs and blood vessels are damaged, platelets are immediately activated and form a clot to close the wound and prevent excessive bleeding.
The process begins with platelets adhering to the exposed collagen fibers of the damaged blood vessel walls. This adhesion is facilitated by specific receptors on the platelet surface. Once adhered, platelets undergo a series of changes, releasing chemical signals that attract more platelets to the site of injury.
As platelets aggregate, they form a plug that seals the damaged blood vessel. In addition to their adhesive and aggregating properties, platelets release clotting factors, such as thromboxane and fibrinogen, which promote the formation of a fibrin meshwork. The fibrin meshwork strengthens the platelet plug and traps red blood cells, creating a stable blood clot.
Thus, the ideal selection is option C.
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Which factors are typically used to determine the range of healthy body weight? pulse divided by waist girth
ratio of waist to hips
ratio of height to weight
skinfold measurements
A range of healthy body weight relies on a variety of factors including the ratio of height to weight (BMI), skinfold measurements (body fat percentage), and ratio of waist to hips (fat distribution measurement).
Explanation:The factors typically used to determine the range of a healthy body weight include the ratio of height to weight, skinfold measurements, and the ratio of waist to hips.
The ratio of height to weight is also known as Body Mass Index (BMI). It is a useful measure to check if your weight is in a healthy range for your height. This is calculated by dividing your weight in kilograms by the square of your height in meters.
Skinfold measurements are taken to measure body fat percentage. Fat is pinched and measured using calipers at various parts of the body, and a formula is used to calculate body fat percentage.
The ratio of waist to hips or waist-hip ratio (WHR) is a measurement of fat distribution. It helps to identify if more fats are stored around your waist or hips, which could raise your risk for some health problems.
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1. Describe the general trend of human population growth that has occurred over time.
2. What factors explain why populations in different countries grow at different rates
3. What is Demography
4. Describe the demographic transition and explain how it might affect a country’s population growth rate.
5. Why do you think age-structure diagrams can help predict future population trends?
1. The general trend of human population growth is that the growth rate of population is increasing over the years .
2. Countries of the world differ in birth rates, death rates and age structure of population and this factor explains why population in different countries grow at different rates.
3. Demography is the study of human population in terms of births, deaths etc is called demography.
4. Demographic transition is the shift from high birth and death rates to high birth and low death rates and finally to low birth and death rates. Demographic transition reduces the rate of population growth of a country.
5. Age structure diagram contains data about individuals who belong to the younger age group. Once they become mature they will contribute to population growth and thus studying the age structure gives an idea the trends of future population growth.
1. The general trend of human population growth that has occurred over time is Growth rate.
2. The factors that explains the populations in different countries grow at different rates is Birth rates, Death rate and Age structure of population.
3. Demography is the Study of human population.
4. The demographic transition shift from high birth and death rates.
5. The age-structure diagrams can help predict future population trends helps youthful age bunch.
"Human population"Answer 1:
The general trend of human population growth is that the growth rate of population is increasing over the years .
Answer 2:
The factors that explains the populations in different countries grow at different rates is :
Birth rates
Death rates
Age structure of population.
Answer 3:
The Demography is the study of human population in terms of births, deaths etc.
Answer 4:
Demographic transition is the move from high birth and passing rates to high birth and moo passing rates and at long last to moo birth and passing rates.
Demographic transition diminishes the rate of populace development of a nation.
Answer 5:
Age structure chart contains information almost people who have a place to the more youthful age bunch.
Once they ended up develop they will contribute to populace development and hence examining the age structure gives an thought the patterns of future populace growth.
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energy is needed to form glucose bonds true or false
Answer:
True. Energy is needed to form glucose bonds.
Solar energy is required to synthesize a molecule of glucose during the reactions of photosynthesis. In photosynthesis, light energy from the sun is initially transformed into chemical energy that is temporally stored in the energy carrier molecules ATP and NADPH
Which of these statements is true?
All environmentalists are scientists.
Ecologist and environmentalist mean the same thing.
An environmentalist wishes to preserve the environment.
All scientists are ecologists.
Answer:
An environmentalist wishes to preserve the environment.
Explanation:
The Environmentalist is the professional responsible for dealing with the issues of preserving the environment and the conditions of life and existence on the planet. In short, an environmentalist wants to preserve the environment.
An Environmentalist is responsible for assessing the extent of beneficial or harmful changes to the environment caused by human activities.
It is under the responsibility of an Environmentalist to participate in studies that aim to survey the characteristics of the environment to analyze their reactions to possible changes, prepare reports on the impacts of certain activities on the environment, propose, program and monitor measures or actions preservation of the environment in urban and rural areas, monitors water, air and soil quality, seeks to control the impact that activities and works will have on the environment, prepares land use plans and reports on environmental impacts , offers advice to companies, public bodies for the preservation of the environment, creates projects to restore areas degraded by industrial, agricultural and mineral extraction activities, with sustainable development projects.
Can someone help me pls....
Describe the chemical structure of a carbohydrate?
Answer:
Carbohydrates consist of the elements carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) with a ratio of hydrogen twice that of carbon and oxygen. Carbohydrates include sugars, starches, cellulose and many other compounds found in living organisms. In their basic form, carbohydrates are simple sugars or monosaccharides.
:
How do the particles move in active transport?
In active transport particles move by making use of energy in the form of ATP.
Explanation:
Unlike in passive transport particles have to move against the concentration gradient in active transport. Thus particles require energy to do so and this energy is in the form of ATP. Osmosis and simple diffusion are examples of passive transport where substances move from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.
This movement is down the concentration gradient. In active transport particles move from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration which is against the concentration gradient. Active transport is of two types.
In the first type called primary active transport energy is directly used in the form of ATP. In the second type called secondary active transport an electrochemical gradient created by ATP is used to facilitate the transport.
An astronomer has proposed a new theory about the evolution of the universe. What is the next step that the astronomer should take to make his theory reliable? A.allow other scientists to repeat the experiments to verify the results
B. publish the theory in a science magazine to let people know about it
C.discuss the theory on television to make it popular
D. explain the theory with models to make it more interesting
Answer:
Your correct answer is B. publish the theory in a science magazine to let people know about it.
Explanation:
Answer:
A) allow other scientists to repeat the experiments to verify the results
Explanation:
Got it right on the test. Plus, by allowing scientists to repeat the experiments help make it become a theory or law. Just because you publish it in some magazine won't make your theory reliable. You need repetition, experimenting, and proof.
Which of the following are the natural barriers that help keep infection out?
Question 2 options:
a)
Tears and skin
b)
masks
c)
mucous membranes and skin
d)
Both A and C
How do pathogens spread?
Question 3 options:
a)
Indirect contact
b)
Direct contact
c)
Animal or insect
d)
contaminated food or water
e)
All of the above
The answer to the first question is mucous membranes and skin
The answer to the second question is All of the above
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Which of these is a supporting service - a service on which ecosystems
depend?
O
A. Providing building materials
O
B. Raising livestock
O
C. Recycling nutrients
O
D. Providing national parks
Answer:
The correct option is C. Recycling nutrients
Explanation:
The nature benefits the humans in numerous ways. The benefits which the environment and all the natural ecosystems present have on humans is termed as ecosystem services. For example, the forest ecosystem is a natural ecosystem that benefits humans in numerous ways including the provision of wood for making houses etc.
Supporting services can be described as an ecosystem service by which essential components or services are continuously provided by the natural ecosystems to the humans. For example, recycling of nutrients.
Answer:
C C C C C C C C C C C C
Explanation:
What type of rock is pictured here?
Answer:
intrusive
Explanation:
The type of rock that is pictured here is intrusive rock
What is intrusive rock?Igneous rock known as intrusive rock, sometimes known as plutonic rock, is created when magma is driven into older rocks at a depth in the Earth's crust. The resulting rock slowly hardens below the surface of the Earth, however erosion may eventually expose it. Numerous types of rocks are formed by igneous intrusions.
See extrusive rock as well. Magma that has permeated pre-existing rock and crystallized and solidified underground can create intrusions like volcanic necks, sills, batholiths, and laccoliths. One of the two ways igneous rock can develop is by intrusion. Extrusion, like that of a volcanic eruption or other similar event, is the other.
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(70 Points And Brainlyest If CORRECT!)
Studying how drought affects the food supply in a region of the Alaskan tundra would be studying a question at the __________ Level of Ecological Organization.
ecosystem
biosphere
population
community
Answer:
it is population now give me my crown
Explanation:
Answer: The correct answer is ecosystem
Explanation: I did this on CK-12 it’s the right answer.
in the biosphere what are some of the major abiotic factors that determine the distribution and types of plant communities
when are amino acids used instead of gluecose
Final answer:
Amino acids are used as an energy source instead of glucose in situations of carbohydrate and fat deficiency, such as fasting or starvation. They are converted into intermediates that enter the Krebs cycle for ATP production, but this can lead to muscle wasting and tissue damage if prolonged.
Explanation:
Amino acids are typically utilized for protein synthesis and other nitrogenous substances like nucleotides, rather than as a primary energy source. However, in situations where there is a deficiency of carbohydrates and fats, such as during fasting or starvation, amino acids can be mobilized as an alternative source of energy. This is because amino acids can be converted into metabolic intermediates that enter the Krebs cycle, leading to the production of ATP.
In normal conditions, glucose is the preferred energy source, and amino acids are reserved for growth and repair processes. Yet, during periods of prolonged fasting or insufficient caloric intake, the body can resort to breaking down proteins into amino acids for energy, which can lead to muscle wasting and tissue damage if persisted for extended periods. This shift happens because the body has no mechanism to store excess amino acids; they must either be used for protein synthesis or be catabolized for energy and excretion.
1. How did Hubble determine that the Universe is expanding?
Answer:
.
Explanation:
Edwin Hubble discovered the expansion of the Universe by combining observations of galaxy distances with the redshifts seen in their spectral lines, implying their recession due to the expanding fabric of space, known as Hubble's Law.
Edwin Hubble determined that the Universe is expanding by studying the distances to galaxies and their spectral lines. He observed a correlation known as Hubble's Law, which stands for the concept that galaxies further away from us are moving away at greater speeds. When he combined measurements of distances with the observed redshifts in the spectral lines of these galaxies, he effectively applied the Doppler Effect, which suggested that these galaxies were receding from the Milky Way. The redshift of the spectral lines indicated that as the light from these galaxies travels to us, it stretches, correlating with the idea of the universe's expansion. This pattern of the galaxies' recession velocities being proportional to their distances laid the foundation for the belief in an increasing scale of space itself, akin to marks on an inflating balloon moving apart from each other. This was revolutionary in our understanding of the cosmos and laid the groundwork for modern cosmology.
Which process is responsible for cracks in successive strata in the earth?
Faulting is the process by which this pressure forces the strata to continue their movement, sometimes, producing cracks in the involved strata. This Causes earthquakes and tremors, much like tectonic plate movement, in the event of an intense pressure release.
in your own words, define the term science.
According to the definition of science, it is a process and application of knowledge to an understanding of the natural and social worlds, as well as a methodical technique dealing with evidence.
Science is derived from the Latin word "scientia," which meaning "knowledge." Science is defined as the act of pursuing knowledge. It mostly deals with factual fact findings obtained via verified research studies, as well as fields of science founded in biology, physics, and chemistry.
Science is described as the observation, understanding, inquiry, and experimental and theoretical approaches to any natural phenomenon that explain it. It can be a method of learning about the natural world by observing and thinking.
Thus, Science primarily deals with evidence, which is supported by theory and provides knowledge of any particular subject.
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How does a swim bladder help the ray finned fishes maintain buoyancy
Answer: Swim bladders of fish at depth help maintain buoyancy by regulating gas levels.
What is Teddy's organization trying to accomplish?
Teddy is working for a nonprofit organization that urges people to stop using products with CFCs. Through this initiative, Teddy's organization hopes to reduce the concentration ______ of in the atmosphere.
Chlorine
Explanation:
I Got 5/5 Correct
Final answer:
Teddy's organization aims to decrease CFCs in the atmosphere in support of the Montreal Protocol's mission to restore the ozone layer, with signs of recovery noted despite challenges.
Explanation:
Teddy's organization is working to reduce the concentration of CFCs in the atmosphere. The initiative aligns with the goals of the Montreal Protocol, which is a global effort established in 1987 to phase out the use of CFCs that deplete the ozone layer.
Despite challenges, like the need for developing-country participation and the management of CFC "banks", there have been indicators of success such as observable signs of ozone recovery. Replacements for CFCs include hydrofluorcarbons (HFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), which are more benign to the ozone layer.
Can you guys answer these 3 questions please? Or at lease one person for each question please!
Answer:
Answer for third question.
Explanation:
The permanent destruction of forests to use the land or trees is known as deforestation. Deforestation takes place due to a number of reasons like natural causes and human activities. The main cause for deforestation is overpopulation. Overpopulation results in an increase in global needs which leads to expansion of infrastructures, industries, agricultural needs and thus deforestation. Other reasons for deforestation are infrastructure expansion , logging for wood based industries, farming, mining etc. Deforestation causes drastic changes in the environment. The environmental problems which results from widespread deforestation include climatic changes, loss of biodiversity, flooding, increase in greenhouse gas emission, acidic oceans, air and water pollution etc. Deforestation results in global warming. Planting trees reduce the effects of deforestation by preventing soil erosion and pollution. The other ways to lessen the effects of deforestation includes recycling and using of recycled products. Reduce the usage of paper and use wood alternatives like hemp, bamboo, wood composites etc for construction and remodeling products. Also we can raise awareness in the community against deforestation through campaigns
7. During translation, what pairs up with the mRNA codons?
Answer:
During translation tRNA containing the anticodon sequence combine with the mRNA codon
Explanation:
During translation, mRNA codons pair up with tRNA (transfer RNA) molecules' complementary anticodons.
DNA translationSpecific amino acids are carried by tRNA molecules, which also have an anticodon region that can base pair with the associated mRNA codon. The three-nucleotide sequence known as a triplet code, or mRNA codon, specifies an amino acid or marks the completion of translation.
Each mRNA codon is paired with a particular tRNA anticodon, allowing the right amino acid to be delivered to the ribosome's developing polypeptide chain.
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