Answer:
The correct option is;
f
Explanation:
Here we have the activation energy is the minimum energy that is needed to allow a reaction to take place. The activation energy is the energy atoms or molecules need to be in a state where they can take part in a chemical reaction or a physical transport.
In the diagram, It is the amount of energy to be added to the energy in the reactants in their initial state which is on the left plateau on the reaction-energy chart, to the transition state which is the peak of the chart.
What is true about a system in chemical equilibrium?No reactants remain in the system.The amount of product equals the amount of reactant.The amount of reactant changes, but over time remains about the same.There are no products in the system.
A chemical system in equilibrium has its reactants and products present in constant concentrations, as the forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates in a closed system.
In a chemical system at equilibrium, the following is true:
Reactants and products coexist in the system.The amounts of reactants and products do not have to be equal, but, after equilibrium is attained, the amounts or concentrations remain constant.The system is closed, meaning substances can neither enter nor leave the system.This state is a dynamic process where the forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates.Thus, the correct statement about a chemical system in equilibrium is that the amount of reactant changes but over time remains about the same, indicating that the reaction is dynamic with continuous forward and reverse processes.
the complex ion NidppeCl2 can either have a tetrahedral geometry or a square planar geometry around the interior Ni2 ion. When tested, NidppeCl2 proved to be diamagnetic. Based on crystal field theory, what is the geometry around the central Ni ion
Answer:
Square planar
Explanation:
Ni^2+ is a d8 ion. It could exist in either a square planar or a tetrahedral geometry depending on the identity of the ligand. However, strong field ligands often lead to a square planar geometry owing to a greater crystal field splitting.
From the splitting diagrams of nickel II ion in tetrahedral and square planar geometries, it can easily be seen that a diamagnetic complex only arises from the square planar geometry.
Note that both tetrahedral and square planar geometries involve a coordination number of four.
Warm-Up
A 206-gram bar of iron has sunlight shining on it. Initially, its temperature is 24.7°C. As it gains 1,070.79 joules of energy, its
temperature rises to 36.2°C. Calculate the specific heat capacity of the iron bar using the formula Q = mCAT.
Answer:
0.425
Explanation:
Answer:
0.452
Explanation:
Two sound waves are emitted from identical sources at the same time. They each travel a distance of 10 m, but one wave reaches the destination faster than the other. What can you conclude about the two waves?
Answer:
Varying frequency between both waves accounts for difference in speed.
Explanation:
The speed of a wave is dependent on four major factors:
wavelengthfrequencymedium, and temperatureAssuming equal temperature and medium of travel of these sound waves, and given that the wavelength (that is distance of travel) is equal, the only varying factor would be their frequency.
Wave speed is calculated by multiplying the wavelength times the frequency
⇒ Speed = λ * f
Answer:
Faster one has a lower frequency and higher wavelength.
Explanation:
The waves have properties such as frequency and wavelength. If the distance they travel is the same but one wave is faster than the other one, the faster wave must have a lower frequency and higher wavelength as it can be seen in this graph from Encyclopedia Britannica.
I hope this answer helps.
Please consider the following gas phase reaction and its experimentally determined rate law expression. If the concentration of A is tripled and the concentration of B is doubled, the reaction rate would be increased by a factor of:_________.
A + B → C rate = k[A]^2 [B]
A) 6
B) 9
C) 12
D) 18
E) 36
Answer:
D) 18
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, by considering the given rate law:
[tex]r=k[A]^2[B][/tex]
We also take into account that the concentration of A is tripled and the concentration of B is doubled, therefore, we have:
[tex]r=k[3*A]^2[2*B][/tex]
Which results in an increasing factor of:
[tex]3^2*2=9*2=18[/tex]
By considering only the tripling and the doubling, thus, the answer is D) 18.
Regards.
At a different temperature (this means that Keq will be different than part a)), 6.0 mol of IF5 and 8.0 mol of I4F2 are placed in a 10.0 L container. At equilibrium, 6.0mol of I4F2 are left. Calculate the Keq for the new temperature.
Answer:
Keq for the new temperature is 26.8
Explanation:
Let's propose the equilibrium:
2IF₅ + I₄F₂ ⇄ 3I₂ + 6F₂
Now we propose the situations:
2IF₅ + I₄F₂ ⇄ 3I₂ + 6F₂
Initial 6 mol 8 mol - -
Initially we added 6 mol and 8 mol of our reactants
React. x x/2 3/2x 3x
By stoichiometry x amount has reacted, so a half of x react to the I₄F₂ and we finally produced 3/2x and 3x in the product side
Eq. (6 - x) (8 - x/2) 3/2x 3x
Notice we have the concentration left for the I₄F₂, so we can find the x value, the amount that has reacted:
8 - x/2 = 6
x = 4, so the concentrations in the equilibrium are:
2 moles of IF₅, 6 moles I₄F₂, 6 moles of I₂ and 12 moles of F₂
As we need molar concentration to determine Keq, we must divide the moles by the volume of the container:
2/10 = [IF₅] → 0.2 M
6/10 = [I₄F₂] → 0.6 M
6/10 = [I₂] → 0.6 M
12/10 = [F₂] → 1.2 M
Let's make, expression for Keq:
Keq = ([I₂]³ . [F₂]⁶) / [IF₅]² . [I₄F₂]
Keq = 0.6³ . 1.2⁶ / 0.2² . 0.6 → 26.8
A 0.2475−g sample of solid magnesium is burned in a constant-volume bomb calorimeter that has a heat capacity of 3024 J/°C. The temperature increases by 2.027°C. (a) Calculate the heat associated with the burning Mg in kJ/g. kJ/g (b) Calculate the heat associated with the burning of Mg in kJ/mol.
Answer:
ΔH = -601.9 kJ/ mol Mg
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
Mass of the solid magnesium sample = 0.2475 grams
The heat capacity of calorimeter = 3024 J/°C
The temperature increases by 2.027 °C
Step 2: Calculate the heat transfer
q = Ccal * ΔT
⇒with q = the heat transfer
⇒with Ccal = the heat capacity of calorimete 3024 J/°C
⇒ΔT = The temperature increases by 2.027 °C
q = 3024 J/°C * 2.027 °C
q = 6129.6 J
Since this is an exothermic reaction, ΔH will be negative
Step 3:Calculate the heat associated with the burning of Mg
Heat = -6129.6 J / 0.2475 grams Mg
Heat = 24766 J/grams = -24.77 kJ /grams Mg
Heat = -24.77 kJ/ grams * 24.3 g/mol
ΔH = -601.9 kJ/ mol Mg
Enzymes use several types of catalytic mechanisms. Differentiate between acid-base catalysis
Answer:
Explanation:
Covalent catalysis is when a transient covalent bond is formed between substrate and residues such that so the enzyme nucleophilic group on an electrophilic moiety of the substrate is bound at the active site. Metal ion catalysis involves activating bound water through forming nucleophilic hydroxide ion.
Protonation or proton abstraction may be accomplished through the use of amino acids such as aspartate or Lysine in acid-base catalysis.
What is catalysis ?The term Catalysis is defined as the process of adding a catalyst to facilitate a reaction. During a chemical reaction, the bonds between the atoms in molecules are broken, rearranged, and rebuilt, recombining the atoms into new molecules.
Catalysis by covalent bonds the two-part catalytic process forms a covalent bond between enzyme and substrate (for example, chymotrypsin mechanism uses a nucleophilic functional group).
By changing the oxidation state, metal ion catalysis catalysts can participate in oxidation-reduction reactions.
Through ionic interactions, a Zn2+ cofactor may properly orient the substrate in the active site. May be involved in Fe2+ interactions.
All lowers activation energy or stabilizes the transition state or intermediate catalyst after the reaction occurs.
Thus, a proton is transferred between enzyme and substrate may use amino acids such as aspartate or Lysine for protonation or proton abstraction is called as acid-base catalysis.
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Your question is incomplete, most probably your question was
Enzymes use several types of catalytic mechanisms. Differentiate between acid-base catalysis, covalent catalysis, and metal ion catalysis.
What is the most likely reason that there are so many volcanoes in Iceland?
Whenever quantities of two or more reactants are given in a stoichiometric problem, you must identify the __________. This is the reagent that is completely up in the reaction.
The amount of limiting reagent determines the amount of __________ that is formed. When an equation is used to calculate the amount of product that will form during a reaction, the value obtained is the __________. This is the amount of product that could be formed from a given amount of__________. The amount of product that forms when the reaction is carried out in the laboratory is called the __________.
Answer:
1. Limiting reactant.
2. Product.
3. Theoretical yield.
4. Reactants.
5. Actual yield
Explanation:
1. The limiting reactant. The limiting reactant is the reagent that is completely up in the reaction.
2. Product. Product is the result obtained From a reaction and the amount of product formed is determined by the limiting reactant
3. Theoretical yield. This is the result obtained from the stoichiometry calculations.
4. Reactant. Reactant are the starting material for a chemical reaction. The amount of the reactants determines the theoretical yield (products)
5. Actual yield. This is the result obtained from the experiment carried out in the laboratory.
A green rat snake that lives in the grass and a brown rat snake that lives in the desert is a form of what ?
A geographically distant species is a green gopher snake that dwells in the grass and a brown rat snake that dwells in the desert.
The environments of the green and brown rat snakes demonstrate that they are geographically distinct species.Because of their differing habitats and morphologies, the two rat snakes are separate species.When two species are separated by environment, their breeding technique morphology or reproductive pattern changes.These species don't have any viable progeny.
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The green and brown rat snakes demonstrate camouflage, a biological adaptation for survival. Camouflage helps them blend into their respective environments, thus evading predators. Anyone considering a snake as a pet must provide an appropriate diet, remembering the potential ecological impact snakes can have when introduced into non-native environments.
Explanation:A green rat snake that lives in the grass and a brown rat snake that lives in the desert is an example of camouflage, which is a form of adaptation where an organism has evolved to blend in with its environment to increase its chances of survival and reproduction. This can be a result of natural selection, where those that can avoid being seen by predators are more likely to survive and pass on their genes. The brown rat snake in the desert is camouflaged against the sandy environment, while the green rat snake blends with the greenery in the grasslands.
Knowing that snakes are carnivorous and some species such as the rat snake are beneficial to humans for controlling pest populations, it's important for anyone considering a snake as a pet to be prepared to feed it a diet consisting of appropriate live or raw prey. It is also noteworthy that in some instances, snakes like the brown tree snake have caused ecological issues when introduced to new environments without natural predators, such as on the island of Guam.
- Describe how the amount of air changes as you travel up through Earth's atmosphere
Answer:
The air in our atmosphere is composed of molecules of different gases. ... While the composition doesn't change much as you travel up through the lower layers of the atmosphere, what does change is the number of molecules. As you travel higher, the air molecules become less plentiful.
Explanation:
The equation represents the combustion of sucrose. C12H22O11 + 12O2 Right arrow. 12CO2 + 11H2O If there are 10.0 g of sucrose and 8.0 g of oxygen, how many moles of sucrose are available for this reaction? 0.029 mol 0.250 mol 0.351 mol 3.00 mol
Answer: 0.029 mol
Explanation:
According to avogadro's law, 1 mole of every substance occupies 22.4 L at STP and contains avogadro's number [tex]6.023\times 10^{23}[/tex] of particles.
The balanced chemical equation is:
[tex]C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}+12O_2\rightarrow 12CO_2+11H_2O[/tex]
To calculate the moles, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text {Molar Mass}}=\frac{10.0g}{342g/mol}}=0.029moles[/tex]
Thus there are 0.029 moles of sucrose
Answer:
A
Explanation:
0.450 moles of NaCl are dissolved in 95.0 mL of water. Calculate the molarity of the NaCl solution.
0.0047 M is the molarity of the NaCl solution.
What are moles?A mole is defined as 6.02214076 × 10^{23} of some chemical unit, be it atoms, molecules, ions, or others. The mole is a convenient unit to use because of the great number of atoms, molecules, or others in any substance.
0.450 moles of NaCl are dissolved in 95.0 mL of water
[tex]Molality = \frac{Moles \;solute}{Volume \;of \;solution \;in \;litre}[/tex]
[tex]Molality = \frac{0.450}{95.0 mL}[/tex]
Molality = 0.004736842105 M = 0.0047 M
Hence, 0.0047 M is the molarity of the NaCl solution.
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To find the molarity of a NaCl solution with 0.450 moles of NaCl in 95.0 mL of water, divide the moles by the liters of solution to get a molarity of 4.74 M.
The question asks to calculate the molarity of a NaCl solution when 0.450 moles of NaCl are dissolved in 95.0 mL (0.0950 L) of water. To calculate the molarity (M), which is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution, we use the formula:
M = moles of solute / liters of solution
Substituting the given values: M = 0.450 moles / 0.0950 L = 4.74 M
This means the molarity of the NaCl solution is 4.74 M.
For each of the following aqueous reactions, identify the acid, the base, the conjugate base, and the conjugate acid. (Type your answer using the format [NH4] for NH4 and [Ni(CN)4]2- for Ni(CN)42-.) (a) Al(H2O)63 H2O equilibrium reaction arrow H3O Al(H2O)5(OH)2
Answer:
Acid: [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺
Base: H₂O
Conjugate base: [Al(H₂O)₅(OH)]²⁻
Explanation:
(a) For the reaction:
[Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺ + H₂O ⇄ H₃O⁺ + [Al(H₂O)₅(OH)]²⁻
The acid: [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺
The base: H₂O
The conjugate base: [Al(H₂O)₅(OH)]²⁻
According to the Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory, the reaction of an acid and base occurs by the exchange of a proton. The acid forms its conjugate base, and the base forms its conjugate acid in the reaction.
Hence, by the above definition, the [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺ is the acid that forms its conjugate base [Al(H₂O)₅(OH)]²⁻ and the H₂O is the base that forms its acid conjugate H₃O⁺ when they react and the [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺ lose a proton to the H₂O.
I hope it helps you!
The temperature at 300 seconds (5 minutes) is the
final temperature of both the metal and the water.
Record it to the nearest 0.1°C in the data table.
Initial temperature of metal =
Initial temperature of water = 0
Final temperature of both =
'c
RETRY
250 ml
Continue (60s more)
05:00
Answer:
initial temperature of metal : 100
initial temperature of water : 22.4
final temp of both 27.1
Explanation: that one is for aluminum so i don’t know which metal you needed if for though
Answer:
Initial metal= 100
Initial water= 22.7
Final Both= 24.6
Explanation: THESE ARE FOR COPPER
-. Is Electricity naturally produced in our environment.
1. During her soccer game, Erica accidentally kicks the ball (3.6L) into a trash can! The temperature on
the field is 10°C, but in the trash can it is 25°C. Cindy, standing nearby, wonders "hmmm hat is new
volume of the soccer ball if atmospheric pressure did not change?"
The new volume of the soccer ball is 9 litres when temperature inside the can was 25°C and pressure remained constant.
Explanation:
Data given:
initial volume of the ball, V1 = 3.6 litres
temperature of the field, initial temperature, T1 = 10°C
temperature in the trash can, final temperature, T2 = 25 °C
pressure =constant throughout
volume of the ball when in trash can, final volume V2 =?
From the data given:
Charles' Law will be applied to know the volume of the ball in the can:
[tex]\frac{V1}{T1}=\frac{V2}{T2}[/tex]
putting the values in the equation after rearranging it:
V2 = [tex]\frac{V1T2}{T1}[/tex]
V2 = [tex]\frac{3.6 X 25}{10}[/tex]
V2 = 9 litres
The volume will be increased to 9 litres when ball will go inside the trash can.
Calculate the bond energy per mole for breaking all the bonds in methane
Answer : The required bond energy per mole for breaking all the bonds in methane is, 1656 kJ/mol
Explanation :
The given compound is, [tex]CH_4[/tex].
Methane compound breakdown into 4 C-H bonds.
Given:
[tex]B.E_{C-H}[/tex] = 414 kJ/mol
The expression will be:
[tex]\Delta H_{CH_4}=4\times (B.E_{C-H})[/tex]
[tex]\Delta H_{CH_4}=4\times (414kJ/mol)[/tex]
[tex]\Delta H_{CH_4}=1656kJ/mol[/tex]
Therefore, the required bond energy per mole for breaking all the bonds in methane is, 1656 kJ/mol
Okay, so i got a question about phenotype, and geneotype, and i dont know how to do it. The question is: Some trolls have one eye (EE, Ee) while others have two (ee). Two heterozygous one eyed trolls are crossed. What is the expected genotype ratio of the two eyed offspring?
Answer:
= 25 %
Explanation:
Given that :
the genotype attributed to trolls having one eye = (EE, Ee); that is homzygous dominant or heterozygote dominant for eye number
Likewise those that posses two eyes have (ee) ; that is homzygous recessive
Now; two heterozygous one eyed trolls are crossed ; we have :
Ee × Ee
The punnet square for this cross looks like what we have below:
E e
E EE Ee
e Ee ee
From the above cross; we have:
1 EE ---- (homozygous dominant ) indicating troll having one eye
2 Ee ---- ( heterozygote dominant ) indicating troll having one eye
1 ee ----- ( homozygous recessive ) indicating troll having two eyes
The genotypic ratio is 1:2:1
Thus; the expected genotype ratio of the two eyed offspring = [tex]\frac{1}{4}*100[/tex]
= 25 %
Answer:
25% is the expected genotype ratio of the two-eyed offspring.
Explanation:
First, we analyze the information that we have:EE or Ee are trolls with one eye.ee are trolls with two eyes.E is dominant and is the gene responsible for one eye.e is recessive and is the gen responsible for two eyes.If two heterozygous trolls are crossed that means that both trolls are Ee, they have different copies of the same gene. After looking at the information, we draw a Punnett Square, and we can see that there is a 25% that their offspring is a two-eyed troll (ee).║ E ║ e ║
E║ EE ║ Ee ║
e ║ eE ║ ee ║
How many protons does the carbon-12 atom have?
Answer:
So Carbon-14 has eight neutrons and Carbon-12 has six neutrons. Hope it helps!
Answer:
A carbon-12 atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons.
The election configuration has of an element is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^1. How many valence electrons does the element have?
Answer:
it has 3 valence electrons
Explanation:
2+2+1 is 5, boron is 5 and its in the 3rd group
How do balanced chemical equations show the conservation of mass
Answer: Matter cannot be created or destroyed
Explanation: Balanced equations are set equations we cannot change one element or compound in the equation without changing the entire equation. So balanced equation show the conservation of mass because while other substances may be formed from the synthesis or decomposition of compounds new elements are never introduced and are not created out of thin air :)
Answer:
Matter cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions. This is the law of conservation of mass. In every chemical reaction, the same mass of matter must end up in the products as started in the reactants. Balanced chemical equations show that mass is conserved in chemical reactions.
Explain why aluminum is a substance
Answer:
.
Explanation:
Aluminium is a silvery-white, lightweight metal. It is soft and malleable. Aluminium is used in a huge variety of products including cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aeroplane parts. This is because of its particular properties.
4. What are the properties of the elements in the Boron group?
Answer:
they are characterized as a group by having 3 electrons in the outermost parts of their atomic structure. boron the lighter of these elements
How many moles of potassium chloride (KCI) are in 252 mL of 0.33 mil/L KCI
Answer:
0.083 moles KCl
Explanation:
We have 252 mL of 0.33 M KCl. "M" is molarity, and it's measured in mol/L. Since we know the molarity is 0.33 mol/L, in order to find how many moles 252 mL is, we need to multiply our given volume by the molarity.
However, our given volume is in mL, so let's convert to L first by dividing 252 by 1000 (because there are 1000 mL in 1 L):
252/1000 = 0.252 L
Now, we can multiply 0.252 L by 0.33 mol/L to get moles since the L units will cancel out:
0.252 L * 0.33 mol/L = 0.08316
We have two significant figures here, so round 0.08316 to 0.083.
The answer is 0.083 moles.
Hope this helps!
What’s the connection between population and limiting factors?
Answer:
Limiting factors are resources or other factors in the environment that can lower the population growth rate. Limiting factors include a low food supply and lack of space. Limiting factors can lower birth rates, increase death rates, or lead to emigration.
Explanation:
Draw Bohr model of atom with atomic number 16 and name the element. What is the valency of the atom? What type of ion does it form and what will be the value of the charge on the ion produced? Justify the answer.
Answer:
Sulphur is the element having atomic number 16. Its valency is 6 and forms anion.
Explanation:
Sulphur is the element having atomic number 16 and mass number 32 which means sulphur has 16 proton, 16 electron and 16 neutron. 2 electrons are present in the first shell, 8 electrons are present in the second shell and 6 electrons are present in the outermost shell. Sulphur requires 2 electrons to become stable so that's why sulphur take 2 electrons and become anion. its valency is 6 which means 6 electrons are present in the outermost shell of sulphur atom.
what is the variable for this number 22.4L?
Answer:
'L' is the variable for this number.
Identify each substance as an acid or a base.
liquid drain cleaner, pH 13.5
milk, pH 6.6
DONE
Intro
Answer:
Liquid drain cleaner: Base
Milk: Acid
Explanation:
Would make sense to see this on the pH scale where anything above 7 is basic and below 7 is acidic.
The identification of each substance treated as an acid or substance should be Liquid drain cleaner: Base and Milk: Acid
What are acid and base?Acid should be treated as the hydrogen that contained the substance where the proton should be donated to the other substance. While on the other hand, the base represent the molecule for accepting the hydrogen ion from an acid. Also if the pH scale should be above 7 so it should be treated base while below should be treated as the acid.
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