Biology College

Which mechanism of genetic variation results from the exchange of gene segments between non-sister chromatids?

A.Crossing over

B. Independent assortment

C.Random fertilization


Answers

Answer 1
Crossing over is the mechanism of genetic variation results from the exchange of gene segments between non-sister chromatids.
Answer 2

The mechanism of genetic variation results from the exchange of gene segments between non-sister chromatids is called crossing over. So, the correct option is (A).

Crossing over is the process of exchange of genetic material between two non-sister chromatids in meiosis. It occurs in the pachytene stage of prophase. Two chromosomes one from the mother and one from the father line up and the parts of the chromosome are exchanged.

Crossing over promotes genetic diversity. Chiasmata is formed as a result of crossing over.

Thus, option (A) crossing over is correct.

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Related Questions

Compare in general terms the effects of epinephrine glucagon and insulin on glucose metabolism

Answers

Epinephrine and glucagon cause an increase in the blood glucose level. Epinephrine acts when a higher than normal level of glucose is required; glucagon acts when the level is unusually low. Both stimulate gluconeogenesis and glycogen breakdown and decrease glycolysis and glycogen synthesis. Insulin causes a decrease in blood glucose levels; it acts by increasing glycogen synthesis, glycolysis, and glucose uptake by cells as well as by decreasing glycogen breakdown.

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What two things must an organism be successful at in order to pass on its genes? choosing and selecting surviving and choosing selecting and reproducing surviving and reproducing

Answers

it must be successful at reproducing and surviving

For four o'clock flowers, flower color is a case of incomplete dominance. Red flowers are represented by a capital R, and white flowers are represented by a lowercase r. What is the genotype for red flowers? A. rr B. RR C. Rr or rr D. RR or Rr

Answers

D - RR or Rr

This is because red is a dominant trait, thus causing it to overpower a recessive trait or r, white. Therefore, if any genotype contains a capital R or the dominant trait of red, then the flower should ultimately display a phenotype of red.

Hope this helps!

Answer: The correct answer is D. RR or Rr

Identify whether each circumstance provided will promote an increase or decrease in blood pressure

Answers

Circumstance that cause an increase in Blood Pressure:

- increasing levels of aldosterone ((influences the reabsorption of sodium and excretion of potassium in the kidneys. This will indirectly influence the blood pressure since the volume of blood will change)

- vasoconstriction ( blood vessels increase their contraction, which equals to more pressure)

-increased release of renin (Converts angiotensinogen, secreted in the liver, into angiotensin I).
- increased activity of Angiotensin-converting enzyme ( this enzyme converts angiotensin I into angiotensin II increasing vasoconstriction).

Circumstances that cause a Decrease in Blood Pressure:

- decreased sodium reabsorption ( by decreasing sodium, the amount of water will also decrease or , in other words,will be excreted. Less water, will decrease volume of blood and that means less blood pressure)

- vasodilation (The smooth muscle in the blood vessels decrease their contraction, which equals to less pressure)

- declining levels of ADH(ADH is produced in the hypothalamus and stimulates vasoconstriction plus it promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys. To reduce blood pressure, is important to have ADH levels reduced)

The temperature around Earth's equator stays about the same throughout the year. Why does this happen?

Answers

First we must understand why the temperature changes, as earth rotates parts of it get closer to the sun like a globe the earth is tilted which makes part of the earth closer to the sun than other parts. Then later, it changes so the other part of the earth gets tilted towards the sun which makes that warmer. The equator no matter how the tilt will always be the closest to the sun.

which is the role of the effector in a feedback loop

A) It detects a change due to a stimulus
B) It causes a response to a stimulus
C) It is the response to a stimulus

Answers

I believe it's B.

Hope this helps..
Hi,

Which is the role of the effector in a feedback loop


C) It is the response to a stimulus

The development of a housing complex on woodland has separated a single population of chorus frog into two populations. Some frogs do manage to cross the development, moving from one population to the other. Considering the likelihood of speciation, the result of this movement of individual frogs is that speciation:

Answers

BECOMES LESS LIKELY BECAUSE THE TWO GENE POOLS REMAIN SIMILAR
The answer is becomes less likely because the two gene pools remain similar.

What type of information is recorded in a trace fossil

Answers

By studying the trace fossils, scientists can determine how the animal moved, it's speed, whether it traveled alone or in groups, the environment in which it lived in, an organisms feeding habits or nesting behavior, and their feces, known as coprolites, can provide information about an organism's diet.

a roasted chicken multigrain sandwich contains 42 g protein,7 g fat, and 34 g carbohydrates. How much energy does the sandwich provide?

Answers

Proteins provide 4 calories of energy per gram, fats  9 calories, while carbohydrates 4 calories. A   roasted chicken multigrain sandwich which contains 42 g protein,7 g fat, and 34 g carbohydrates will provide a total energy (E) computed as follows:

Let E= 42(4)+7(9)+34(4)

E=168+63+136

E=367 calories of energy

The answer is D on plato.

Which condition feeds a tropical storm as it develops into a hurricane? A. heat and moisture B. cool temperatures and rain C. high temperatures and freshwater D. wind and dry air

Answers

A. heat and moisture

Hurricanes form over tropical waters (between 8 and 20 degrees latitude) in areas of high humidity, light winds, and warm sea surface temperatures [typically 26.5 degrees Celsius (80 Fahrenheit) or greater]. These conditions usually prevail in the summer and early fall months of the tropical North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans, and for this reason, hurricane “season” in the northern hemisphere runs from June through November.


The first sign of hurricane genesis (development) is the appearance of a cluster of thunderstorms over the tropical oceans, called a tropical disturbance. Tropical disturbances generally form in one of three ways, all of which involve the convergence of surface winds. When winds come together (converge), the force of the collision forces air to rise, initiating thunderstorms.

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Answer:

It's A and you welcome

Explanation:

P.s the other person is copying me so I don't get much credit

list three ways that reproductive isolation occurs

Answers

Hello

When populations have differences in rituals or behaviors. When populations are separated by rivers, mountains, r bodies of water.

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How does dissolved oxygen affect living organisms in the river?

Answers

because of decreasing of dissolved oxygen may affect aquatic organisms

Her pulse is 118 and thready, blood pressure is 88/72, respiratory rate is 28, and pulse oxymetry is 88%. when you call her name, she opens her eyes but does not answer any questions.

Answers

she opens her eyes but does not answer any questions. This is because she is suffering from dementia. She does not know  what to do in your shoes anymore because she lost her humantiy.

If the ductus deferens tubes are cut and tied (vasectomy), the semen will not contain select one:
a. fructose.
b. buffers.
c. mucus.
d. sperm.
e. all of these.

Answers

The correct answer is D. sperm

If the ductus deferens tubes are cut and tied, the semen will not contain sperms. This is known as vasectomy. This procedure is performed in males to control population. Thus, the correct option is D.

What is Vasectomy?

Vasectomy is the permanent male sterilization procedure. It is a surgical procedure which involves the cutting or sealing of the ductus deferens tubes which carries a man's sperm to permanently prevent pregnancy. It is usually carried out by giving a local anesthetic to the client, where the man is awake but could not feel the pain, and this procedure complete in about 15 minutes.

Once the tubes are cut, sperms cannot enter into the semen of man or out of the body. However, the testes do produce sperms, but the sperms die and absorbed by the body. A man who have undergone a vasectomy still produces the semen and is also able to ejaculate it. But, the semen contains everything except sperms.

Therefore, the correct option is D.

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If a point mutation occurs in a body cell so that the original sequence of mRNA of CGA changes to AGA, what will be the likely consequence?

U



C



A



G







UUU

Phenylalanine

UCU

Serine

UAU

Tyrosine

UGU

Cysteine

U

U

UUC

Phenylalanine

UCC

Serine

UAC

Tyrosine

UGC

Cysteine

C



UUA

Leucine

UCA

Serine

UAA

Stop

UGA

Stop

A



UUG

Leucine

UCG

Serine

UAG

Stop

UGG

Tryptophan

G



CUU

Leucine

CCU

Proline

CAU

Hisitidine

CGU

Arginine

U

C

CUC

Leucine

CCC

Proline

CAC

Hisitidine

CGC

Arginine

C



CUA

Leucine

CCA

Proline

CAA

Glutamine

CGA

Arginine

A



CUG

Leucine

CCG

Proline

CAG

Glutamine

CGG

Arginine

G



AUU

Isoleucine

ACU

Threonine

AAU

Asparagine

AGU

Serine

U

A

AUC

Isoleucine

ACC

Threonine

AAC

Asparagine

AGC

Serine

C



AUA

Isoleucine

ACA

Threonine

AAA

Lysine

AGA

Arginine

A



AUG

Methionine/Start

ACG

Threonine

AAG

Lysine

AGG

Arginine

G



GUU

Valine

GCU

Alanine

GAU

Aspartate

GGU

Glycine

U

G

GUC

Valine

GCC

Alanine

GAC

Aspartate

GGC

Glycine

C



GUA

Valine

GCA

Alanine

GAA

Glutamate

GGA

Glycine

A



GUG

Valine

GCG

Alanine

GAG

Glutamate

GGG

Glycine

G

The mutation will cause a translocation to occur.
The mutation will cause a change in the individual but it will not be inherited.
The mutation will be inherited by the offspring.
The mutation will not cause any change in the individual and it will not be inherited.

Answers

Hi,

If a point mutation occurs during which  CGA changes to AGA, the mutation will be simply inherited to the offspring and there won't be any harsh effects on the health of individual.

This is because, both AGA and CGA code for same amino acid called Arginine.

We know that mutations posses harmful effects when they change the genetic sequence leading to the incorporation of incorrect amino acid in the organisms and their offspring. But in this case the mutation will not be harmful and will simply be transferred to the offspring and will have no effect on the functioning, fitness or survival of the organism

Hope it helps!:)

Answer:

Nothing will happen since the last codon will still correspond to threonine.

The underwear in the image keeps you warm on cold nights because it A) keeps cold air out. B) is a poor insulator. C) is a good insulator. D) is a good conductor.

Answers

Prevents Conduction

Answer:

Option C,  is a good insulator

Explanation:

See the attached image of the  underwear

Solution

As it is clear in the image, the fabric of the underwear is poly fabric which acts as a good insulator.  

Being an insulator, it can easily trap the heat of the body during winters and does not allow this heat to escape due to which it is successful in keeping a person warm during the winters.  

If the material of the underwear would have been a conductor, it would have allowed heat of the body to escape.

Hence, option C is correct

Describe some of the physical factors involved of a culture medium

Answers

culture medium are mostly in powdery form eg agar
they must be soluble in water

Which group of plants is MOST adapted to live in regions where the layer of soil beneath the surface stays frozen all the time? A) epiphytes that grow on trees B) trees whose roots run deep into the soil C) mosses, lichen, grasses, and small shrubs Eliminate D) the saguaro cacti, which have fleshy stems

Answers

Hello to fully answer your question it would be 
C. mosses, lichen, grasses, and small shrubs

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What are thin and thick myofilaments made of?

Answers

Answer:

Composition of thin myofilaments:
                                                     The proteins in thin filaments are actin, tropomyosin, and troponin.

Composition of thick myofilaments:
                                                   Thick filaments are composed of protein myosin only. 
Final answer:

Thin myofilaments are made up of the protein actin, meanwhile thick myofilaments are composed of the protein myosin. These two are key players in muscle contraction.

Explanation:

In muscular biology, the terms thin and thick myofilaments reference the protein structures that enable muscle contraction. Thin myofilaments are primarily composed of the protein actin, along with two other proteins, tropomyosin and troponin. Thick myofilaments, conversely, are made of another protein called myosin. These myofilaments slide past each other to cause muscle contraction, a process known as the sliding filament theory.

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C. the breeder performs the cross and finds half of the f1 progeny have black fur and half have white fur. what was the genotype of the mouse with black fur that she started with in the p0 generation?

Answers

The only way this works is if the 2 parents are both heterozygous for fur color. So each parent is Ff (I'm using F for fur color where F is black and f is white).

The two Ff parents would have had to come from two parents that had FF and ff as their genotypes (so a homozygous black mouse and a homozygous white mouse). 

You can check these by Punnet Square starting with the p0 generation and cross FF and ff; you get all Ff.
Then do another Punnet Square crossing Ff with Ff and you get 50% progeny Ff (black) and 50% ff (white).

When an antibody binds to a toxin, the resulting action is referred to as neutralization adcc agglutination opsonization?

Answers

The correct answer is neutralization.
Neutralizing antibodies have the possibility to neutralize the biological effects of toxins. The difference between neutralizing antibodies and binding antibodies is that binding antibodies signal to white blood cells that antigen has been targeted. On the other hand, neutralizing antibodies directly binds to an antigen (toxin). The example is neutralization of diphtheria toxin.

Name the 7 peices of evolution and describe each.

10 POINTS

Answers


1.artifical selection
2.geographical distributio
3.embryology
4.fossil record
5.DNA
6.homologous structures
7.watching natural selection happen

The primary source of energy for a growing hurricane comes from ________.

Answers

The secret energy source of a hurricane is the large latent heat of water. 
a large latent heat of water

Which abnormal skin growth results from a virus?

freckles

moles

warts

jaundice

Answers

Warts are caused because of a virus called HPV
Final answer:

Warts are the abnormal skin growths that result from a virus. While freckles, moles, and jaundice are also skin conditions, they are not typically caused by a virus. Instead, each has different causes such as sun exposure, genetics, and high levels of bilirubin respectively.

Explanation:

The abnormal skin growth that results from a virus is a wart. Warts are rough, usually skin-colored growths that appear on the skin and mucous membranes. They are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). The virus infects the top layer of the skin and causes it to grow quickly, leading to a wart. While freckles, moles, and jaundice can also be familiar terms related to skin conditions, these are not typically caused by a virus.

For instance, freckles aren't caused by a virus but are small, brownish spots on the skin that can appear as a result of sun exposure and genetics. Moles, which are small skin marks caused by pigment-producing cells in the skin, are mostly harmless and aren't typically caused by a virus. Meanwhile, jaundice is a result of high levels of bilirubin in the body and causes a yellowing of the skin and eyes, but it is not related to a viral infection.

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Which set of terms best describes a community of software developers who telecommute to work from a major city in India?

A. middle income, high density, advanced technology
B. rural, low density, lack of technology
C. high income, low density
D. low income, urban, low technology

Answers

The answer is A :) apex

The correct answer is option A

The set of terms that can be used to describe the community of software developers who can have:

Middle income: The software developers have middle income as there are many companies and thousands of employees so the income is not that high.

High density: The number of people working in the software companies are  in huge numbers.

Advanced Technology: The most advanced type of technology used by the people is the software development sector.

Conserving the quality of available water is a high priority world-wide. There are many countries whose water supply is reaching dangerous levels of contamination. For example, the longest river in China, the Yangtze, is less than 5 years from death if nothing changes. The statements below are possible effects on the environment if the Yangtze dies, which one is a positive effect on the environment? A) The loss of biodiversity in the area could permanently damage the ecosystems in area. B) Loss of this river could stress the other water supplies in surrounding areas causing a domino effect. C) The Yangtze empties into the Sea of Shanghai which may lead to serious problems in this important body of water. D) Since the pollution in the water is high in organic material it will eventually decompose and make the area more fertile.

Answers

D is correct.........

Which process occurs during asexual reproduction? A. Crossing-over between homologues B. Mutation C. Separation of homologous pairs of chromosomes D. Separation of sister chromatid

Answers

Answer:

A. Crossing-over between homologues.

Explanation:

In meiosis and mitosis, recombination happens between comparable particles of DNA (homologous groupings). In meiosis, non-sister homologous chromosomes pair with each other so recombination ordinarily occurs between non-sister homologs.

All living organism reproduces either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction or sometimes through both mode of reproduction. In both cases let it be sexual or asexual, the mode of cell division namely meiotic and mitotic cell division, the recombination between homologous chromosomes is a typical system utilized in reproduction.  

He hormone oxytocin suppresses energy metabolism during pregnancy. reduces the ability of blood to clot during the birth process. increases a woman's appetite during pregnancy. enables the "let-down" reflex to occur when a woman breastfeeds her baby.

Answers

The hormone oxytocin enables the "let-down" reflex to occur when a woman breastfeeds her baby. 
"Let-down reflex" occurs in breastfeeding mothers, where oxytocin acts at the mammary glands, causing milk to be “let down” into sinuses (structures from where it can be released via the nipple). Suckling by the baby is the stimulus that causes neurons that make the secretion of pulses of oxytocin from the neurosecretory nerve terminals of the pituitary gland.

Ovulation typically occurs ________ days before the menstrual period begins. question 90 options: 7 10 20 14

Answers

its 20 days prior to menstrual period begins

A tear in the right rib muscles has caused the muscles to spasm, meaning they are locked in a contracted state. How would this affect breathing in the right lung?

It would prevent inspiration.
It would prevent expiration.
It would reduce the force of inspiration.
It would reduce the force of expiration.

Answers

Answer:
            A tear in right rib muscles has caused the muscles to spasm it would prevent inspiration.

Reason:
               As it is cleared that during inspiration, the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs move upward. the diaphragm flattens and move downward. As a result the chest cavity become open and air move into it. However if the muscles of rib tears then rib will not raise. As a result there will be difficulty in inspiration/

Answer:

the answer is C

Explanation:

the answer is C

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