Which product besides radiation do radioactive atoms give off when they decay?



A.


heat energy


B.


poisonous gases


C.


ridge pushes


D.


p waves

A key difference between a liquid and a gas is [tex]\boxed{{\text{a}}{\text{. motion of particles}}}[/tex] .

Further Explanation:

Matter can mainly exist in three physical states. These are solid, liquid and gas.

Solid

It is that state of matter that has a definite shape and volume. These have a regular arrangement of its constituent particles. These have the strongest intermolecular forces between their constituent particles and therefore the motion of particles in solid is almost negligible. Table salt, wood and diamond are some examples of solids.

Liquid

The state of matter with a definite volume but no particular shape is called liquid. The intermolecular forces in the liquids are weaker than that in solids and therefore the motion of particles in liquids is more as compared to that in solids. Milk, water and bromine are some examples of liquids.

Gas

This state of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume. These have disordered arrangement of its constituent particles. These have the weakest intermolecular forces between their constituent particles and therefore the motion of particles in a gas is the highest among all states of matter. Nitrogen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide are some examples of gases.

As intermolecular forces in liquids is more than that in gases so motion among gas particles will be more than that among liquid particles. So both these states of matter have differences in motion of their respective particles. But average kinetic energy is measured on the basis of kinetic theory of gases that is applicable only for gases. So average kinetic energy cannot be defined for liquids and therefore it cannot be compared with that of gases.

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Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Matter in our surroundings

Keywords: liquid, gas, solid, states of matter, intermolecular forces, shape, volume, matter, strong, weakest, motion of particles.

Spinning a coil of wire in a magnetic field, spinning a magnet in coil of wire, and sliding a magnet back and forth in a coil of wire all create voltage.

The correct answer is d. All of the above. Spinning a coil of wire in a magnetic field creates voltage because the changing magnetic field induces an electric current in the wire through electromagnetic induction. Similarly, spinning a magnet in a coil of wire also creates voltage for the same reason.

Lastly, sliding a magnet back and forth in a coil of wire generates voltage due to the relative motion between the magnet and the wire.

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Final answer:

The EPA's maximum concentration of lead in drinking water is 15 ppb, which is equivalent to 0.015 mg/L. To consume 1.0 µg of lead at this concentration, one would need to drink about 0.067 liters of water.

Explanation:

The maximum concentration for lead in drinking water, as set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is 15 parts per billion (ppb). To convert this concentration to milligrams per liter (mg/L), we use the relationship that 1 ppb is equivalent to 1 microgram per liter (1 ppb = 1 µg/L). Since 1 milligram (mg) is equal to 1,000 micrograms (µg), the maximum concentration of lead in drinking water is 0.015 mg/L (15 µg/L).

To find out how many liters of water one must drink to consume 1.0 microgram (µg) of lead at this maximum level, we set up a proportion using the maximum concentration: If 15 µg is in 1 liter of water, then 1 µg would be in 1/15 liters of water. Thus, one would need to drink 1/15 liters, or approximately 0.067 liters, of water to consume 1.0 µg of lead.

The answer is: No, because his information is subjective.

Survey about whether or not people like something is not objective (fact) and cannot be published.

The laws of science are statements that describe or predict a range of phenomena as they appear in nature.

Laws explain facts determined by experiment.

Laws do not have absolute certainty and be changed by future experiments and observations.

The pressure of the gas above the water when the solubility of the gas is 1.0 g/L is 0.75 atm

This states that the solubility of a gas in liquids at constant temperature is proportional to its pressure. Mathematically, it can be expressed as

S₁ / P₁ = S₂ / P₂

Where

From the question given above, the following data were obtained

S₁ / P₁ = S₂ / P₂

4 / 3 = 1 / P₂

Cross multiply

4 × P₂ = 1 × 3

4 × P₂ = 3

Divide both side by 4

P₂ = 3 / 4

P₂ = 0.75 atm

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Final answer:

An element is made up of identical atoms, which are measured in atomic mass units, with variants called isotopes. Elements are ordered in the Periodic Table by atomic number.

Explanation:

An element is matter that is composed of one type of atom. The unit of measurement used for atomic particles is the atomic mass unit (amu). Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. In the periodic table, elements are arranged by increasing atomic number.

Atoms are the smallest unit of an element and are made up of protons, neutron, and electrons. The protons and neutrons are found in the atom's nucleus, giving the majority of an atom's mass. Atoms are referred to with unique chemical symbols on the Periodic Table of Elements.

Answer:

Hence, the density of the iron plate is 7.880 g/cm³

Explanation:

The density of a substance is given by dividing the mass by the volume.

The S.I units of density are kg/m³, but can be measured by other units such as g/cm³

The mass of the iron is 29 kg or 29000 g

Therefore; Density = 29000 g/ 3680 cm³

                              = 7.880 g/cm³

             K and I

                      Salt is a neutral compound made up of a positive cation and a negative anion joint together via an ionic bond. Also, ionic bond is formed between metals and non metals. Furthermore, if the electronegativity difference between the metal and non metal is greater than 1.7 then it will go for ionic bonding. Let us calculate the electronegativity difference between the given pair of elements and predict the ionic bond between them.

1) F and O;

               E.N of Fluorine     =  4.00

               E.N of Oxygen      =  3.50

                                              ------------

              Difference                 0.50                 (Not Ionic, No Salt Formation)

As both are non metals hence, the formation of ionic bond is not favored.

2) F and I;

               E.N of Fluorine        =  4.00

               E.N of Iodine           =  2.70

                                                ------------

              Difference                     1.30               (Not Ionic, No Salt Formation)

Again, both elements are non metals with less electronegativity difference, therefore no salt formation takes place.

3) Na and Al;

               E.N of Aluminium     =  1.60

               E.N of Sodium          =  0.90

                                                  ------------

              Difference                      0.70           (Not Ionic, No Salt Formation)

Both are metals, hence ionic bond is not formed therefore, fails to form salt.

4) K and I;

               E.N of Iodine                =  2.70

               E.N of Potassium         =  0.80

                                                      ------------

              Difference                          1.90       (Ionic, Salt Formation favored)

Potassium is a metal and Iodine is non metal also, electronegativity difference is greater than 1.7 hence, electron transfer takes place and results in the formation of ions and salt.

When ketone is reacted with phosphorous pentachloride, chlorination takes place at the carbonyl carbon with substitution of the oxygen atom to give a geminal dichloride (with 2 Cl atoms on same carbon) according to the following equation: 

so we can say that acetone is converted into 2,2-dichloropropane by action of PCl₅

Answer:

Point C

Explanation:

An ionic bond forms when a metal atom transfers its extra electron to a nonmetal atom, resulting in a cation and an anion that attract each other due to their opposite charges. Therefore, the correct option is: c.ionic.

An ionic bond forms when a cation transfers its extra electron to an anion that needs it. This type of bond is based on the electrostatic forces between two oppositely charged ions. Here is the step-by-step process:

For instance, in sodium chloride (NaCl), the sodium (Na) atom donates its single valence electron to the chlorine (Cl) atom. As a result, Na turns into Na⁺ (a cation), and Cl becomes Cl⁻ (an anion), forming an ionic bond.

Answer: B. Temperature

Explanation:

The temperature of the star such as Sun is measured. Using this measurement, its peak wavelength and energy can be determined.

For determination of wavelength, Wien's displacement law is used. This law states that, the sun like body emits all kinds of wavelengths and thus is nearly a black body.

For black body, the peak wavelength emitted is inversely proportional to the temperature of the body. From the wavelength, energy can be calculated.

Temperature is the property which is primarily responsible for determining the type of electromagnetic energy and peak wavelength emitted by star.

Answer: Option (a) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

It is known that value of electronegativity increases when we move from left to right in a periodic table.

Since the given atoms lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon and nitrogen are all second period elements. And the value of their electronegativity are as follows.

Lithium : 0.98

Beryllium : 1.57

Boron : 2.04

Carbon : 2.55

Nitrogen : 3.04

Thus, we can conclude that lithium has the least electronegativity.

Answer:  The masses of [tex]Ca(NO_3)_2.4H_2O[/tex] and [tex]KIO_3[/tex] required to make 10.0 g of [tex]Ca(IO_3)_2[/tex] is 5.9 and 10.7 grams respectively.

Explanation: To calculate the moles, we use the equation:

[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\textMolar mass}}[/tex]

[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{10.0g}{390 g/mol}=0.025moles[/tex]

[tex]Ca(NO_3)_2.4H_2O(s)+2KIO_3(s)\rightarrow Ca(IO_3)_2+2KNO_3+4H_2O[/tex]

1 mole of [tex]Ca(IO_3)_2[/tex] is formed from 1 mole of [tex]Ca(NO_3)_2.4H_2O[/tex] and 2 moles of [tex]KIO_3[/tex]

Thus 0.025 moles of [tex]Ca(IO_3)_2[/tex] is formed from 0.025 moles of [tex]Ca(NO_3)_2.4H_2O[/tex] and 0.05 moles of [tex]KIO_3[/tex]

Mass of [tex]Ca(IO_3)_2.4H_2O=moles\times {\text {Molar mass}}=0.025\times 236=5.9 grams[/tex]

Mass of [tex]KIO_3=moles\times {\text {Molar mass}}=0.05\times 214=10.7grams[/tex]

Answer: The magnesium ion formed is [tex]Mg^{2+}[/tex]

Explanation:

Magnesium is the 12th element of the periodic table having electronic configuration: [tex]1s^22s^22p^63s^2[/tex]. This element will easily loose 2 electrons and form [tex]Mg^{2+}[/tex] ion.

Sulfur is the 16th element of the periodic table having electronic configuration: [tex]1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^4[/tex]. This element will easily gain 2 electrons and form [tex]S^{2-}[/tex] ion.

Sulfur and magnesium will form ionic compound, which means that a complete transfer of electrons takes place from one element to another.The compound formed will be MgS (Magnesium sulfide).

Hence, the magnesium ion formed is [tex]Mg^{2+}[/tex]

Answer:forward

Explanation:

Metals are electron rich and they will lose electrons easily whereas, non-metal except noble gases are electron deficient and will gain electrons from metals through ionic bonding.

Metals are electropositive elements and they exhibit a perfect crystal lattice structure with a sea of delocalized electrons. These free electrons are responsible for the conducting property of metals.

Metals easily lose electrons to the electron deficient non-metals and they acquire a positive charge in ionic bonding. Non-metals easily gain electrons from metals and acquire a positive charge.

Therefore, through the electrostatic force of attraction, the positively charged electrons and negatively charged non-metals will form ionic compounds. Therefore, metals and non-metals differ in chemical properties.

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Answer: The molarity of HCl is 0.036 M and moles of HCl is 5.76 moles.

Explanation:

[tex]n_1M_1V_1=n_2M_2V_2[/tex]

where,

[tex]n_1,M_1\text{ and }V_1[/tex] is the n-factor, molarity and volume of calcium hydroxide.

[tex]n_2,M_2\text{ and }V_2[/tex] is the n-factor, molarity and volume of hydrochloric acid.

We are given:

[tex]n_1=2\\M_1=0.120M\\V_1=24mL\\n_2=1\\M_2=?M\\V_2=160mL[/tex]

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]2\times 0.120\times 24=1\times M_2\times 160\\M_2=0.036M[/tex]

[tex]\text{Molarity}=\frac{\text{Number of moles}}{\text{Volume}}[/tex]

Molarity of HCl = 0.036 mol/mL

Volume of HCl = 160 mL

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]0.036=\frac{\text{Number of moles}}{160}\\\\\text{Number of moles of HCl}=5.76mol[/tex]

Hence, the molarity of HCl is 0.036 M and moles of HCl is 5.76 moles.

Candles burn because it gets enough oxygen from open space.  When the jar is closed it didn't get oxygen to burn. Thus, the candle  will distinguish.

Oxygen is 8th element in periodic table. It is the most abundant element in  earth crests. Oxygen is precious because, it is used to respire by all livings things.

Biospheres is interconnected with the atmosphere.  The changes in atmosphere  affects the biosphere. Thus, the composition of gases will definitely affects the living in biosphere.

The gas which burn in atmosphere is hydrogen. But the gas which helps to burn is oxygen.  Substances get oxidised  when reacting with oxygen. Thus combustion of matter is aided by oxygen.

Open air oxidation aids substance to burn. Thus, the burning of candles is aided with the circulation oxygen gases. Hence, when the jar closes the air circulation gets off and it will stop burning.

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Answer:

Oxygen is needed to maintain this type of combustion reaction. The jars prevent oxygen in the surrounding air from reaching the flames, so the flames go out.

Explanation:

This is the correct answer

To find the final equilibrium temperature of the water-tin mixture, we use the principle of heat transfer. Equating the heat lost by the tin to the heat gained by the water and solving for the final temperature allows us to find the value.

Given the mass, initial temperature and specific heat capacity of the tin and initial temperature of the water, we can calculate the final equilibrium temperature of the water-tin mixture using the principle of heat transfer: when two bodies of different temperatures come into contact, heat transfers from the hotter body to the cooler body until they reach thermal equilibrium, i.e., they have the same temperature.

Assuming no heat loss to the surroundings, the heat lost by the tin equals the heat gained by the water (as the tin cools down and the water heats up). The formula for heat transfer is Q=mcΔT, where Q is the heat energy, m is the mass, c is the specific heat capacity and ΔT is the temperature change.

So, for the tin: Qtin = mtinctin(Tinitial,tin-Tfinal) and for the water: Qwater = mwatercwater(Tfinal-Tinitial,water). Since Qtin = Qwater, equating these two yields, mtinctin(Tinitial,tin-Tfinal) = mwatercwater(Tfinal-Tinitial,water).

This equation allows us to solve for Tfinal, the final equilibrium temperature of the tin-water mixture.

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If CO2 levels are low and O2 levels are high, RuBisCO adds an O2 molecule to RuBP, not CO2. This process is known as photorespiration, which reduces the overall efficiency of photosynthesis by consuming plant energy and releasing CO2. It's a wasteful process compared to usual photosynthesis.

RuBisCO is an enzyme that plays a pivotal role in the process of photosynthesis by catalyzing a reaction between CO₂ and RuBP. However, when CO₂ levels are low and O₂ levels are high, RuBisCO adds an O₂ molecule to RuBP instead of CO₂. This process is known as photorespiration and leads to consequences in the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis.

In the scenario of low CO₂ and high O₂ levels, RuBisCO's oxygenase activity increases, reducing the amount of CO₂ that is fixed and thus reducing the overall efficiency of photosynthesis. The production of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) decreases, subsequently affecting the production of glucose. Instead of facilitating the production of valuable energy-rich compounds, photorespiration consumes energy and releases CO₂. Thus, it is a wasteful process for the plant.

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The molarity of the given solution is  [tex]\boxed{{\text{0}}{\text{.0174 mol/L}}}[/tex].

Further explanation:

Blood alcohol concentration:

The term BAC is also known as blood alcohol concentration. Blood alcohol concentration is a measure of the concentration of alcohol in blood. The BAC is expressed in terms of grams of alcohol present in 100 mL of blood. For example, if BAC is 0.12 % that means 0.12 g of alcohol present in 100 mL of blood.

Molarity:

The molarity of the solution can be defined as the concentration of the solution and is equal to the number of moles of the solute dissolved in 1 liter of the solution.

The expression of molarity (M), volume (V), and number of moles (n) is as follows:

[tex]{\text{M}}=\dfrac{{{\text{n}}\left({{\text{mol}}} \right)}}{{{\text{V}}\left({\text{L}}\right)}}[/tex]           ...... (1)

Here, V is a volume of solution in liters and n is a number of moles of solute.

The given BAC is 0.08 that means 0.08 g of alcohol is present in 100 mL of blood.

The molar mass of alcohol (ethanol) is 46.068 g/mol. Therefore, the number of moles of alcohol present in 0.08 g of alcohol is,

[tex]\begin{aligned}{\text{Mole}}&=\frac{{{\text{given mass}}\left( {\text{g}}\right)}}{{{\text{molar mass}}\left({{\text{mol/g}}}\right)}}\\&=\frac{{0.08{\text{ g}}}}{{46.068{\text{g/mol}}}}\\&=0.0017366{\text{ mol}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]

The molarity of the alcohol solution in blood can be calculated by dividing the number of moles (0.0017366 mol) with the volume of solution (100 mL or 0.1 L).

[tex]\begin{aligned}{\text{M}}&=\frac{{{\text{n}}\left( {{\text{mol}}}\right)}}{{{\text{V}}\left( {\text{L}} \right)}}\\&=\frac{{0.0017366{\text{ mol}}}}{{0.1{\text{ L}}}}\\&= 0.017366{\text{ mol/L}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]

Therefore the molarity of solution is [tex]{\mathbf{0}}{\mathbf{.0174 mol/L}}[/tex] .

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Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Solutions

Keywords: Concentration of alcohol, BAC, blood alcohol concentration, molarity, number of moles, 0.08 bac, 0.0174 mol/L.

We have that the concentration of alcohol, in terms of molarity is

M=0.017366mol/L

Question Parameters:

in blood if the bac is 0.08

Generally the equation for the mol  is mathematically given as

[tex]Mole=\frac{given mass}{molar mass}[/tex]

Therefore

[tex]Mole=\frac{0.08}{46.06}[/tex]

Mole=0.0017366mol

The molarity of the alcohol solution in blood

M=n/V

M=0.0017366mol/0.1

M=0.017366

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