How much time passed between the appearance of the first prokaryotic cells and the emergence of multicellular organisms?
Prokaryotes were the first organisms to evolve on Earth, so, the first prokaryotic cells appeared 3.8 billion years ago. After them, Eukaryotic unicellular organisms developed, when one cell engulfed the other cell (endosymbiotic theory). Those unicellular eukaryotes form multicellular aggregates and that represents an evolutionary transition from single cells to multicellular organisms. Multicellular organisms evolved from unicellular eukaryotes at least 1.7 billion years ago.
About 2 billion years passed between the appearance of the first prokaryotic cells and the emergence of multicellular organisms.
The first prokaryotic cells appeared about 3.5 billion years ago, while the first definite multicellular organisms with tissues evolved around 630-542 million years ago. Between these milestones, eukaryotic cells emerged about 2.1 billion years ago.
Explanation:The evolution of life on Earth began with the appearance of the first prokaryotic cells around 3.5 billion years ago. These cells were the only life forms for about 1.4 billion years until the appearance of eukaryotic cells approximately 2.1 billion years ago. As eukaryotes evolved, they became more complex, leading to the development of multicellularity about 1.5 billion years ago. However, the oldest definite multicellular organisms with tissues, as evidenced from the Ediacaran period, evolved around 630-542 million years ago. It's important to note that these estimates are based on fossil records and genetic evidence, and exact timings may vary slightly based on different sources.
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How can white blood cells tell the difference between body cells and pathogens?
Carbohydrate loading maximizes the storage in skeletal muscles of what compound?
What is one phenotypic trait that is the same in Mom, sad, and Baby dragon?
The oldest technique for stretching, which is seldom used because it can cause muscle soreness, is called _______ stretching.
If you ate a samples of the different carbohydrates seen here, how would the available energy differ from each source and why? A) The simple sugars would have less energy than the complex sugars, because the molecules are smaller. B) The simple sugars would have more available energy, because they are small molecules and are easy to break down. C) The complex carbohydrates would produce the most energy, because they have a high C:H ration and relatively little oxygen. D) All of the carbohydrates would produce about the same amount of energy, as they all have a large amount of oxygen atoms.
The correct answer is D
A) The simple sugars would have less energy than the complex sugars, because the molecules are smaller.
B) The simple sugars would have more available energy, because they are small molecules and are easy to break down.
C) The complex carbohydrates would produce the most energy, because they have a high C:H ration and relatively little oxygen.
D) All of the carbohydrates would produce about the same amount of energy, as they all have a large amount of oxygen atoms.
Final answer:
Simple sugars, being small molecules, are quickly broken down and absorbed by the body, leading to a rapid but short-lived burst of energy. Complex carbohydrates, with their longer chains of sugar molecules, provide a more sustained energy release. The energy difference arises from the rate at which these carbohydrates are metabolized.
Explanation:
When considering the energy available from different types of carbohydrates, it's important to understand that carbohydrates serve as a significant source of energy for the body. The body breaks down these carbohydrates into glucose, which is then used in cellular respiration to fuel various activities. Carbohydrates come in two main forms: simple sugars (monosaccharides like glucose and fructose) and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides like starch and glycogen). The process of sugar catabolism breaks down complex carbohydrates into their simpler forms, making them available for ATP production in cells.
Complex carbohydrates are longer chains of sugar molecules and thus take longer to break down, which implies a more sustained release of energy compared to simple sugars. Simple sugars, being smaller molecules, can be quickly broken down and absorbed, leading to a rapid but short-lived burst of energy. Therefore, the correct answer would be (B) The simple sugars would have more available energy, because they are small molecules and are easy to break down.
In a lysogenic infection, once the dna of the virus is incorporated into the bacterial dna, the dna is called a
Cartilage, found in the ears and nose, is a rubbery type of _____ tissue. studysoup.com
Answer: The correct answer is Connective
In general, you should give care to an ill or injured person until what happens?
Many biologists argue that the euglenoids should be classified as an animal-like protist rather than a plantlike protist
Euglenoids are a group of unicellular organisms with both animal-like and plant-like traits, leading to classification challenges. Taxonomy and phylogeny based on molecular genetics and genome analysis have led to a restructuring of the kingdom Protista into multiple monophyletic supergroups, taking into account convergent evolution.
The question addresses the classification of euglenoids, which are unicellular organisms with both animal-like and plant-like characteristics. This classification ambiguity arises because euglenoids exhibit mobility and some are heterotrophic, which are traits associated with animals, leading zoologists to sometimes refer to them as 'Euglenozoa'. On the other hand, some euglenoids are capable of photosynthesis, a plant-like trait, causing botanists to call them 'Euglenophyta'. The taxonomy and phylogeny of euglenoids, and protists in general, have been reshaped with the advent of molecular genetics and genome analysis. These analyses have revealed deep evolutionary branches within the domain Eukaryota, dividing it into several monophyletic supergroups. The classification continues to evolve as new genetic information is discovered, making clear that morphologically similar protists may not necessarily share a recent common ancestor—a concept known as convergent evolution.
The youth movement originated with the ___ the generation born after ___
You are looking at tissue under a microscope. One cell shows half the amount of DNA of some of the other cells. This cell is most likely to be in which phase of the cell cycle?
In the myplate icon, which category is shown as a separate food group?
Crude oil is a toxic chemical that is ____
A. Organic
B. A pathogen
C. A heavy metal
D. Inorganic
Correct Answer is D.) Inorganic. (Gradpoint)
Answer:
A. Organic is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Crude oil is a toxic chemical that is Organic.Crude oil is an organic chemical composed of hydrogen, carbon and it also contains some amount of sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen.crude oil found inside the Earth.When petroleum originates directly from the ground as the liquid is called crude oil.crude oil is natural resources that cannot be renewed because it is nonrenewable resources.crude oil is a very toxic mix of carcinogens, mutagens, neurotoxins, neurotoxins, and respiratory irritants.In a population with logistic growth, what happens when carrying capacity is exceeded
the answer you're looking for is OVERPOPULATION. Overpopulation is when the carrying capacity of the land is exceeded. I hope this answer helps u out on your test and have a great day.
Myod promotes muscle cell development by __________.
A wedge-capped capuchin is a species of South American monkeys. They live in groups that typically have one male and several females. Sometimes young males live in a group too in order to help take care of the young. Most groups have a dominant female that often displays aggression toward other females and young males in the group. Which best describes the group behavior of these monkeys? territorial imperative social hierarchy migratory hibernating
Answer:
The correct answer would be the social hierarchy.
Explanation:
A basic aspect of social organization that is decided by display behavior or fighting and leads to a ranking system or order of place of the animals in a group is known as social hierarchy.
Dominance type of social hierarchies often decided best or early access to mating, social interactions, or food within animal groups.
Wedge-capped capuchin monkeys show this type of social hierarchy in their pack or group where dominant females display aggression towards other young males and females.
Thus, the correct answer is the social hierarchy.
When Carter first moved into his neighborhood, he noticed hundreds of frogs on the roads after a rain storm. Lately, Carter has seen less than four or five frogs on his five-minute drive through the neighborhood. Which of the recent events is a reasonable conclusion based on Carter's observations? A drought has impacted the population size of the frogs. A new housing development has led to extinction of the frogs. The beginning of the winter has created temperatures too cold for the frogs. Increasingly warm temperatures have dried the skin of the frogs leading to death.
Answer: A drought has impacted the population size of the frogs.
Explanation:
The frogs are the amphibians who require both water and terrestrial habitats to survive and reproduce. The rainwater accumulates over the terrestrial regions can provide an ideal environment for the survival of the frogs.
According to the given situation, Carter noticed hundreds of frogs on the road after rain storm as the road environment was suitable for the survival of the frogs. But later on he observed less than four or five frogs. This may be because of the fact that the road might not be left with water which could be probably due to drought (a drought is a condition where a region does not receive appropriate amounts of rainfall which leads to the dry and hot environment).
Describe one limiting factor for the moose population
Wolves' main source of food is moose. This population seems to be being constrained by interactions between winter weather, predation on young calves, and dietary restrictions.
What is predation?Predator is a term used to describe a creature that primarily hunts and eats other species. A species is referred to as a "predator" if it hunts and consumes particular other creatures. Prey is the term used to describe the creatures that predators eat.
Important density-dependent population controls include predator-prey interactions as well as prey-predator interactions. How each population changes in size depend on the size of the other population.
A density-dependent limiting factor kicks in when the population density reaches a certain level. Other examples of limiting factors that depend on density are competition, parasitism, and sickness.
Therefore, Wolves' main source of food is moose limiting factors for the moose population.
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The oral cavity is separated from the nasal cavity by the hard and soft __________.
The oral cavity is separated from the nasal cavity by the hard and soft palate. The hard palate is the bony part of the roof of the mouth, while the soft palate is the flexible part towards the back.
Explanation:The oral cavity and the nasal cavity are anatomically separate structures, and they are separated by the hard and soft palate. These form the roof of the mouth and the floor of the nasal cavity. The hard palate is the anterior, bony part of the roof and it separates the mouth from the nasal passages, while the soft palate is the fleshy, flexible part towards the back of the roof of the mouth, continuing the separation between the oral and nasal cavities.
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A specimen collection helps a scientist do an experiment by
Specimen collection is the process of obtaining tissue or fluids for laboratory analysis or near-patient testing.
A specimen collection helps a scientist do an experiment by assembling a large number of samples for comparison. A poorly collected specimen may lead to failure in isolating the causative organism(s) and/or result in the recovery of contaminating organisms.
Answer:
A specimen collection helps a scientist do an experiment by: Providing access to objects that are hard to find.
There are two bird species on a midwestern prairie that look very much alike physically and are probably descended from a common ancestor. during courtship, however, the males of one species stands on one leg while looking at the female. the males of the second species uses both feet to drum on the prairie floor. the females will only mate with those males who behave appropriately during courtship. what is this an example of?
Which part of the gastrointestinal tract does gastric bypass surgery block off?
Answer:
A colostomy is made by connecting the colon to the outside of the abdomen, bypassing the lower gastrointestinal tract.
A colectomy is a surgery that removes or excises a portion of the colon.
Explanation:
A large plant population may impose selective pressure on a smaller, isolated group of plants, resulting in a change in allele distribution. which mechanism is responsible for this change in the allele distribution? mutation hybridization trait acquisition genetic drift
The answer is genetic drift. This is the change of allelic frequency in a population due to natural selection in favor of particular traits. The effect of natural drift is greater is a population of small size that in a big population. When the allelic frequency of the isolated group of plants reaches 0, it is deemed as lost.
Which two factors are mostly responsible for recent rapid globalization?
Advances in transportation and communication, alongside reduced trade barriers, have been key factors contributing to rapid globalization.
Advances in transportation and communication have significantly reduced the costs of moving goods globally, particularly with the development of shipping containerization in 1956. This innovation lowered transportation costs by up to 90% and facilitated the movement of goods worldwide. Secondly, the reduction of trade barriers between countries has played a crucial role in the rapid globalization process, making it easier for goods and services to flow across borders.
Is a significant environmental phenomenon that impacts weather patterns thus food production. farmers across the continent plan their planting and harvesting and pastoralists move their cattle and herds according to its rainmaking mechanism. unpredictable weather patterns and growing populations can lead to desertification and this can lead to droughts which can cause mass starvation among populations?
a. True
b. False: skinfold measurements can be used to estimate body fat percentage based on the assumption that the amount of subcutaneous fat is proportional to the total amount of body fat.
Skinfold measurements can accurately estimate a person's body fat percentage by assuming the amount of subcutaneous fat (under the skin) is proportional to the total body fat. Calipers measure skinfold thickness at several body locations, and these measurements are used in equations to estimate body fat.
Explanation:The statement is indeed true. Skinfold measurements are widely used to estimate a person's body fat percentage. This technique assumes that the amount of fat stored subcutaneously, or directly under the skin, reflects the total amount of body fat. These measurements aid in the calculation of body fat composition, which is crucial in determining individual health status or fitness level. Special calipers are used to measure the thickness of the skinfolds at specific sites on the body. These values are then inputted into an equation to estimate body fat percentage.
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Fluorine has an atomic number of 9. Then n=1 energy level has two elections, and the n=2 energy level has seven electrons. Fluorine’s valence is ___.
A) +2
B) -2
C) +1
D) -1
Enzymes are proteins that act as _____ for biological reactions.
The answer is catalysts. Catalysts speed up the rate of a reaction without getting consumed in the process. Catalysts, in this case, enzymes act by reducing the activation energy or changing the reaction mechanism (such as foregoing some transition states). A popular enzyme is a carbonic anhydrase that catalyzes the formation of carbonic acid in the blood plasma (from carbon dioxide and water), a critical function in regulating blood pH.
What does the order of DNA bases have to do with the traits of an individual?