Answer:
[tex]3.9m/s^{2}[/tex]
Explanation:
Using second law of motion
[tex]a =\frac {m1 * g - \frac {T}{r}}{m1 + 0.5 * m2}[/tex] where m1 is mass of block, m2 is mass of flywheel, g is acceleration due to gravity whose value is taken as [tex]9.81 m/s^{2}[/tex], T is torque and r is radius
Substituting 5.5 Kg for m1, 13 Kg for m2, 0.33 m for r, 2.5 Nm for T we obtain
[tex]a = \frac {5.5 \times 9.81 - \frac {2.5}{0.33}}{(5.5 + 0.5 \times13)}=3.9m/s^{2}[/tex]
To find the acceleration of the 5.5 kg block, we consider both gravitational force and frictional torque acting on a 13 kg flywheel. The calculated acceleration of the block is approximately 2.73 m/s².
To determine the magnitude of the acceleration of the 5.5 kg block as it falls, we need to consider several forces and torques involved in the system. These include the gravitational force on the block, the tension in the rope, the rotational inertia of the flywheel, and the frictional torque opposing the motion.
First, let’s identify the key forces:
Gravitational force on the block (Fg): Fg = mblock * g = 5.5 kg * 9.8 m/s² = 53.9 NFrictional torque (τfriction): τfriction = 2.5 NmThe rotational inertia (I) of the flywheel (a disk) is given by:
I = 0.5 * mflywheel * r² = 0.5 * 13 kg * (0.33 m)² = 0.70785 kg·m²
Applying Newton’s second law for rotation, we have:
∑τ = I * α → τtension - τfriction = I * α
Here, τtension is the torque due to the tension in the rope, which is equal to T * r. Hence, we have:
T * r - τfriction = I * α
Also, the linear acceleration (a) of the block is related to the angular acceleration (α) of the flywheel by the equation:
a = α * r
Combining these equations, we get:
T * r - τfriction = I * (a / r)
Solving for T in terms of a:
T = (I * a / r²) + (τfriction / r)
Newton’s second law for the falling block gives us:
mblock * g - T = mblock * a
Substitute T from the earlier equation into this one and solve for a:
mblock * g - [(I * a / r²) + (τfriction / r)] = mblock * a
Rearranging terms to isolate a:
a = [mblock * g - (τfriction / r)] / [mblock + (I / r²)]
Substitute the known values:
mblock = 5.5 kgg = 9.8 m/s²τfriction = 2.5 NmI = 0.70785 kg·m²r = 0.33 ma = [5.5 kg * 9.8 m/s² - (2.5 Nm / 0.33 m)] / [5.5 kg + (0.70785 kg·m² / (0.33 m)²)]
a ≈ 2.73 m/s²
Thus, the magnitude of the acceleration of the block as it falls is approximately 2.73 m/s².
If a ball is rolling at a velocity of 1.5 meters per second and has a momentum of 10.0 kg meters per second what is the mas6of the ball
The mass of the ball is 6.7 kg
Explanation:
The momentum of an object is defined as
[tex]p=mv[/tex]
where
p is the momentum
m is the mass of the object
v is its velocity
For the ball in this problem we have the following data:
v = 1.5 m/s (velocity)
p = 10.0 kg m/s (momentum)
Solving the equation for m, we find the mass of the ball:
[tex]m=\frac{p}{v}=\frac{10}{1.5}=6.7 kg[/tex]
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Angela is analyzing the fracture pattern of a window she know it’s at the crack stop when they intersect knowing this what can she determine about the window
Answer:
The order in which the fractures occurred
I took the test
A ramp is used to load furniture onto a moving truck. The person does 1240 J of work pushing
the furniture up the ramp, and the ramp does 822 J of work. Calculate the efficiency of the
ramp.
Answer:
The efficiency of the ramp is, Eff = 6.63 %
Explanation:
Given,
The work done by the person pushing the furniture up the ramp is, W₁ = 1240 J
The work done by the ramp is, W₀ = 822 J
The efficiency of the ramp is given by the formula,
Eff = ( W₀ / W₁ ) x 100%
= ( 822 / 12400 ) x 100%
= 6.63 %
Hence, the efficiency of the ramp is, Eff = 6.63 %
Answer:
The efficiency of the ramp is, Eff = 6.63 %
Explanation:
An 3.3 kg bowling ball rolls with a velocity of 1.3 m/s and strikes a stationary 3.6 kg
bowling ball. The first ball stops after the collision. How fast does the second
bowling ball roll away after the collision?
The velocity of the second ball is 1.2 m/s
Explanation:
We can solve this problem by using the law of conservation of momentum. In fact, the total momentum of the system must be conserved before and after the collision, so we can write:
[tex]p_i = p_f\\m_1 u_1 + m_2 u_2 = m_1 v_1 + m_2 v_2[/tex]
where:
[tex]m_1 = 3.3 kg[/tex] is the mass of the first ball
[tex]u_1 = 1.3 m/s[/tex] is the initial velocity of the first ball
[tex]v_1 = 0[/tex] is the final velocity of the first ball
[tex]m_2 = 3.6 kg[/tex] is the mass of the second ball
[tex]u_2 = 0[/tex] is the initial velocity of the second ball
[tex]v_2[/tex] is the final velocity of the second ball
Re-arranging the equation and solving for v2, we find the velocity of the second ball after the collision:
[tex]v_2 = \frac{m_1 u_1}{m_2}=\frac{(3.3)(1.3)}{3.6}=1.2 m/s[/tex]
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A conservative force does the same work regardless of the path taken.
O
A. True
O
B. False
A conservative force is a force that when work is done against this force the work done does not depend on the path taken only the initial and final position.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Which of the following has the greatest number of particles A) 1 mole of Na B)22.990g of Na C) 1 mole of Be D) 9.012 g of Be E) all are the same
E) all are the same
Explanation:
Mole:
The mole(mol) is a unit of amount in chemistry. One mole of a substance refers to the mass of Avogadro's Number of particles of that substance. The number of particles in 12.00 g of Carbon(12) is called Avogadro's Number which is equal to 6.022 x 10²³.
A particle refers to an atom in case of an element or a molecule in case of a compound. Particles of different substance might vary in mass or size. Thus, equal number of particles of two different substances might have different masses in grams.
1 mole of Na has Avogadro Number of particles.
22.990 g of Na is equal to 1 mole of Na and has Avogadro Number of particles.
Similarly, 9.012 g of Be is also equal to 1 mole and has Avogadro Number of Be atoms.
Hence, the number of particles of all the three options are same.
Keyword: Avogadro Number
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E) all are the same
Explanation:The question requires we identify the amount of an element with the greatest number of particles.
We need to know that 1 mole of an element contains particles equivalent to the Avogadro's number, 6.022 × 10^23.That is, 1 mole of an element = 6.022 × 10^23 particlesIn this case;
Choice A
1 mole of Na
1 mole of Na contains 6.022 × 10^23 atoms
Choice B
22.990 g of Na
The molar mass of sodium is 22.99 g/mol
Therefore, 22.990 g of Na contains 6.022 × 10^23 atoms
Choice C
1 mole of Be
1 mole of Be contains 6.022 × 10^23 atoms
Choice D
9.012 g of Be
But, the molar mass of Be is 9.012 g
Thus; 9.012 g of Be contains 6.022 × 10^23 atoms
We can therefore, conclude that all the given choices are the same, they have equal number of particles.Force
A.
Tell the forces at work in the diagram and for the sentences.
drag
lift
thrust
gravity
Force
Answer:
Upward force is lift.
Downward force is gravity.
Thrust act towards left.
Drag act towards right.
Explanation:
The forces acting on the airplane are:
1. Downward force which is due to Earth's gravitation and hence gravitation force acts in the downward direction.
2. Air applies a force in the upward direction in order to make the airplane float in air. This force is called lift force as it lift the airplane in the air.
3. Forward force acts on the airplane which is thrust force which causes the airplane to move forward.
4. The air resists the motion of the airplane and hence applies a force in the backward direction known as drag force.
5L=__ML
Express your answer in scientific notation
5 x 109
5x 106
5x 103
Answer:
5000ml is the answer
Explanation:
multiply 5 time 1000
a 5.000 kg crate is accelerated from 5.000 m/s to 10.00m/s what is the amount of work needed to accelerate the crate to the nearest tenth of a joule
To find the work needed to accelerate the crate from 5.000 m/s to 10.00 m/s, we calculate the change in kinetic energy, which comes out to be 187.5 J when rounded to the nearest tenth.
Explanation:To determine the work done on the crate, we can use the work-energy principle which states that the work done on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy. The kinetic energy (KE) of an object is given by the equation KE = ½mv², where m is the mass and v is the velocity.
First, we calculate the initial kinetic energy (KEi) using the initial speed of 5.000 m/s:
KEi = ½ × 5.000 kg × (5.000 m/s)² = ½ × 5.000 × 25.00 = 62.50 J
Next, we calculate the final kinetic energy (KEf) using the final speed of 10.00 m/s:
KEf = ½ × 5.000 kg × (10.00 m/s)² = ½ × 5.000 × 100.0 = 250.0 J
The work done (W) on the crate is the change in kinetic energy, so:
W = KEf - KEi = 250.0 J - 62.50 J = 187.5 J
Therefore, the amount of work needed to accelerate the crate is 187.5 J, which can be rounded to the nearest tenth of a joule as 187.5 J.
Final answer:
The amount of work needed to accelerate the crate is 187.5 Joules (to the nearest tenth of a joule).
Explanation:
The amount of work needed to accelerate the crate can be calculated using the formula:
Work = Change in kinetic energy
First, calculate the initial kinetic energy:
Kinetic energy = (1/2) * m * v^2
= (1/2) * 5.000 kg * (5.000 m/s)^2
= 62.5 Joules
Next, calculate the final kinetic energy:
Kinetic energy = (1/2) * m * v^2
= (1/2) * 5.000 kg * (10.00 m/s)^2
= 250 Joules
Finally, calculate the change in kinetic energy:
Change in kinetic energy = Final kinetic energy - Initial kinetic energy
= 250 Joules - 62.5 Joules
= 187.5 Joules
Therefore, the amount of work needed to accelerate the crate is 187.5 Joules (to the nearest tenth of a joule).
What is newton's third law second law first law ?
Answer:
first law: an object remains in uniform motion except an external force has acted upon it eg a ball in stable motion doesn't move until one moves or kicks it
second law:the body acted upon by an external force gains a momentum which is directly proportional to the applied force and acts in the direction of the force
third law: to every action there is an equal and opposite reaction eg if u push someone the person moves backward away from you and not towards you
Answer:
Newton's Second law of motion: "Force = mass × acceleration."
Newton's Third law of motion: "Every action has an equal and opposite reaction."
Explanation:
An example of Newton's third law is when a rocket is launched, the boosters apply force on the ground and the ground pushes back, which makes the rocket take off.
3. Coyotes and rabbits that live in the same area
a. are in direct competition with each other.
b. have a predator-prey relationship.
C. belong to the same population.
d. have the same niche.
Plz helppopo
Coyotes and rabbits that live in the same area have a predator-prey relationship.
WHAT IS PREDATION?Predation is a type of relationship between living organisms in which one organism called the predator kills and eats another organism called the prey for nutritional needs.
Living organisms require energy for their daily tasks but derive it in different ways.
Coyotes are carnivores i.e. they feed on flesh. Rabbits can be a prey for them. This means that coyotes and rabbits that live in the same area have a predator-prey relationship.
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A ramp is used to load furniture onto a moving truck. The person does 1240 J of work pushing
the furniture up the ramp, and the ramp does 822 J of work. Calculate the efficiency of the
ramp.
Answer: 66.29%
Explanation:
Efficiency = work output / work input x 100 %
Work output = 822J
Work input = 1240 L
E = 822/1240 x 100
E = 0.6629 x 100
E = 66.29%
When you and a friend move a couch to another room you exert a force of 75 N over 5m how much work will you do
The work done is 375 J
Explanation:
The work done by a force in moving an object is given by
[tex]W=Fd cos \theta[/tex]
where
F is the magnitude of the force
d is the displacement
[tex]\theta[/tex] is the angle between the direction of the force and the displacement
In this problem,
F = 75 N is the force applied to the couch
d = 5 m is the displacement
Assuming the force applied to the couch is parallel to the motion, [tex]\theta=0[/tex]
And so, the work done is
[tex]W=(75)(5)(cos 0)=375 J[/tex]
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Final answer:
When moving a couch with a force of 75 N over a distance of 5 meters, you and a friend will do a total of 375 Joules of work. The calculation is based on the formula Work = Force x Distance.
Explanation:
When you and a friend move a couch to another room and exert a force of 75 N over 5m, you can calculate the amount of work done with the formula Work = Force x Distance. In this scenario, since the force exerted is 75 N and you move the couch over a distance of 5 meters, the work done can be computed as:
Work = 75 N x 5 m = 375 Joules.
This means you and your friend will do a total of 375 Joules of work in moving the couch to another room, assuming the movement is in the direction of the applied force and that friction or other forces are not taken into account for this particular calculation.
Define momentum in term of mass and velocity
Answer:
Momentum: It is the quantity of motion of a moving body, measured as a product of its Mass and Velocity.
Explanation:
Definition of momentum :
Momentum is the quantity of motion of a moving body, measured as a product of its Mass and Velocity.
Momentum is denoted by pFormula for momentum is[tex]p = mass\times velocity[/tex]Its unit is kg-m/s.For example:
A bowling ball of large mass moving very slowly can have the same momentum as a cricket ball of small mass that is thrown with a very high velocity
You wad up a piece of paper and throw it into the wastebasket. How far will
your piece of paper travel if you throw it with a velocity of 4.3 m/s at an angle
of 65°? (Assume no air resistance and that the paper lands at the same
height you threw it from.)
Answer: 1.4m
Explanation:
When building a home what feature would be the most beneficial in the winter to keeping heat in a home and cold out
Answer:
insulation is what would keep the cold out and bring in heat
A planet will orbit its sun because the gravitational force of the sun pulls on
the planet. The gravitational force of the planet pulling on the sun is:
The gravitational force of the planet pulling on the sun is equal to the gravitational force of the sun pulling on the planet
Explanation:
We can solve this problem by applying Newton's third law, which states that:
"When an object A exerts a force (called action) on an object B, then object B exerts an equal and opposite force (called reaction) on object A"
In this problem, we can identify:
- The sun as object A
- The planet as object B
By applying Newton's third law, we can state that:
- The action is the gravitational force exerted by the sun on the planet
- The reaction is the gravitational force exerted by the planet on the sun
According to the law, the two forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction: so, we can conclude that
The gravitational force of the planet pulling on the sun is equal to the gravitational force of the sun pulling on the planet
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Answer:
Of the same magnitude
Explanation:
E5. A 0.12-kg ball traveling with a speed of 45 m/s is brought
to rest in a catcher's mitt. What is the size of the impulse
exerted by the mitt on the ball?
The size of the impulse exerted on the ball is 5.4 kg m/s
Explanation:
The impulse exerted on an object is equal to the change in momentum of the object itself:
[tex]I=\Delta p = m(v-u)[/tex]
where:
I is the impulse
m is the mass of the object
v is the final velocity of the object
u is its initial velocity
In this problem, we have:
m = 0.12 kg is the mass of the ball
u = 45 m/s is the initial velocity of the ball
v = 0 is the final velocity (the ball is brought to rest)
Substituting into the equation, we find the impulse:
[tex]I=(0.12)(0-45)=-5.4 kg m/s[/tex]
where the negative sign means that the direction of the impulse is opposite to the initial direction of motion of the ball. Therefore, the size of the impulse is
[tex]I=5.4 kg m/s[/tex]
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Micha ran 2 miles north in 20 minutes. She then turned back and ran 1 mile in 15 minutes. To cool down, she walked the rest of the way home. It took her 20 minutes.
What was Micha's average velocity for her run north?
What was Micha's average velocity for the whole trip?
What was her average speed for her entire jog?
Answer:
Micha's average velocity for her run north, v₁ = 6.06 miles/hrMicha's average velocity for the whole trip, V = - 0.32 miles/hrThe speed of her jog is, s = 3.03 miles / hrExplanation:
Given data,
The distance Micha run towards the north, d₁ = 2 miles
The time taken by Micha to run 2 miles is, t₁ = 20 min
= 0.33 h
The displacement towards the south, d₂ = -1 mile
The running duration, t₂ = 15 min
= 0.25 h
Walked displacement, d₃ = -1 mile
The time period to cover that distance, t₃ = 0.33 h
1) The average velocity towards north,
v₁ = d₁ / t₁
= 2 / 0.33
= 6.06 miles/hr
Hence, Micha's average velocity for her run north, v₁ = 6.06 miles/hr
2) The average velocity for whole trip,
V = (v₁ + v₂ + v₃) / 3
The velocity towards south,
v₂ = d₂ / t₂
= -1 / 0.25 h
= -4 miles / hr
The walked velocity,
v₃ = d₃ / t₃
= -1 / 0.33
= - 3.03 miles/hr
∴ The average velocity,
V = (v₁ + v₂ + v₃) / 3
= (6.06 - 4 -3.03)/3
= - 0.32 miles/hr
Hence, Micha's average velocity for the whole trip, V = - 0.32 miles/hr
3) The average speed for her entire jog,
The velocity of her jog, v₃ = - 3.03 miles/hr
∴ Speed,
s = |v|
= 3.03 miles / hr
Hence, the speed of her jog is, s = 3.03 miles / hr
before radiant energy can be converted to thermal energy,it must be changed to what
Answer:
The radiant energy is converted into electronic energy before it is transformed into thermal energy.
Explanation:
Radiant energy occurs in the form of "Electromagnetic radiation" and it can pass through all types of matter travelling through the universe. There are numerous advantages of radiant energy. When the radiant energy is incident upon a substance the energy from the sun light excites the electrons in the atom. This sets the atoms in vibrational motion.
Thermal energy is the kinetic energy of moving particles. The thermal energy increases with increase in movement and number of moving particles. When the atoms make a transition from electronically excited state to vibrational state, the energy transfer increases the temperature of the substance. This is felt as thermal energy. Hence, the radiant energy is changed into "electronic energy" before it is converted into "thermal energy".
You're driving your pickup truck around a curve that has a radius of 17 m.
How fast can you drive around this curve before a steel toolbox slides on the steel bed of the truck?
To find the maximum speed at which the toolbox will slide on the bed of the truck, we need to compare the maximum static frictional force between the toolbox and the truck bed to the maximum centrifugal force required to keep the toolbox in circular motion around the curve. By setting these forces equal to each other and using the equations for static friction and centripetal acceleration, we can calculate the maximum speed.
Explanation:When a toolbox slides on the back of a truck, the forces acting on the toolbox are the gravitational force pulling it downwards and the frictional force between the toolbox and the surface of the truck bed. In order for the toolbox to slide, the frictional force must be overcome. The maximum static frictional force can be calculated using the equation F_friction = μ * F_normal, where μ is the coefficient of static friction and F_normal is the normal force.
To calculate the maximum speed at which the toolbox will slide, we need to find the maximum centripetal force required to keep the toolbox in circular motion as the truck goes around the curve. The maximum centripetal force can be calculated using the equation F_centripetal = m * a_c, where m is the mass of the toolbox and a_c is the centripetal acceleration.
Setting the maximum static frictional force equal to the maximum centripetal force, we can find the maximum speed at which the toolbox will slide:
μ * F_normal = m * a_c
Since the toolbox is on a horizontal surface, the normal force is equal to the weight of the toolbox, which can be calculated using the equation F_normal = m * g, where g is the acceleration due to gravity. Substituting this in the equation above, we get:
μ * m * g = m * a_c
Simplifying and solving for a_c, we have:
a_c = μ * gNow, we can use the equation for centripetal acceleration to solve for the maximum speed:
a_c = v^2 / r
Solving for v, we have:
v = √(a_c * r)Substituting the values of the radius of the curve and the acceleration due to gravity, we can calculate the maximum speed at which the toolbox will slide.
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explain why a description of position depends on a refrence point.
Answer:
starting point you choose to describe the location, or position, of an object. A description of position depends on a reference point because if the reference point changes than the distance and direction can change. Before the weight was moving two forces were acting on it.ation:
If an object is related from top of 200m high building find its velocity and time when it hits the ground.(g=(10m/s^2)
Answer:
The velocity at the ground is 63.25 m/s and time taken is 6.325 s.
Explanation:
Given:
As the object is released, the initial velocity is, [tex]u=0\ ms^{-1}[/tex]
Displacement of the object is, [tex]d=200\ m[/tex]
To find:
Velocity at the bottom, [tex]v=?[/tex]
Time to reach the bottom, [tex]t=?[/tex]
The acceleration of the object is due to gravity and hence equal to [tex]a=g=10\ m/s^2[/tex]
Now, using the following equation of motion:
[tex]v^2=u^2+2ad\\v^2=0+2(10)(200)\\v^2=4000\\\textrm{Taking square root both sides}\\v=\sqrt{4000}=63.25\ m/s[/tex]
Now, using the equation of motion relating time and velocity:
[tex]v=u+at\\63.25=0+10t\\t=\frac{63.25}{10}=6.325\ s[/tex]
Therefore, the velocity at the ground is 63.25 m/s and time taken is 6.325 s.
If the earth has a radius of 6.4 x 10^6 and it spins once per day, what is the centripetal force on a 100 kg man who is on the equator? This would make him weigh (less/more) by ____N
Answer:
The spinning of the Earth would make him to weigh less.
Explanation:
Given data,
The radius of the Earth, R = 6.4 x 10⁶ m
The rotational period, T = 86400 s
The mass of the man, m = 100 kg
The centripetal force at equator,
f = m v²/R
Since,
T = 2π/ω & v = Rω
v²/R = 4π²R/T²
Substituting in the equation for centripetal force,
f = 4π²mR/T²
Substituting the values,
f = 4π² x 100 x 6.4 x 10⁶ / 86400²
= 3.39 N
The centripetal force is directed along the radius towards the center, the centrifugal force acts opposite to it.
The gravitational force acting the man towards the center,
F = mg
= 100 x 9.8
= 980 N
The net force acting on the person,
F' = F - f
= 980 N - 3.39 N
= 976.61 N
Hence, this would make him to weigh less.
The orbital period of a satellite is 2 x 106 s and its total radius is 2.5 x 1012 m.
The tangential speed of the satellite, written in standard notation, is
m/s.
Answer:
7,853,982 is the correct answer on Edge 2020
Explanation:
Answer: 7,853,982
Explanation:
All it's asking you is:
-- here's the radius of a circle
-- here's how long it takes to go around the circle
-- how fast are you traveling around the circle ?
I hope that's less scary.
_____________________________
Circumference of a circle =
(pi) x (diameter)
= (pi) x (2 x radius)
= (5 pi) x 10¹² meters .
Time to go around the circle = 2 x 10⁶ seconds
Speed = (distance) / (time)
= (5 pi x 10¹² m) / (2 x 10⁶ sec)
= 2.5 pi x 10⁶ m/s
= 7,853,982
A 233 N weight object is pushed with a force of 474. If friction is 316 what is the net force on the object?
The net force on the object is equal to 158 N.
Explanation:
Net force is the sum of all the forces acting on an object. The forces might be acting in different direction. In some cases, there may be large forces acting on an object but in opposite direction and cancel out each other. The net force will be zero.
Net Force = F1 + F2 + F3 + ..... + Fn
Friction force is the force resisting the relative motion of an object. The frictional force can be because of the medium of a solid surface. As friction is a resistive force, its direction is always opposite to the force that is moving the object.
In the given problem, the force that is moving a 233 N object is F1 given as:
F1 = 474 N
While the frictional Force is F2 in a direction opposite to the motion of the object so we will use negative sign as a convention.
F2 = -316 N
Finding the net Force:
Net Force = F1 + F2
= 474 + (-316)
= 474 - 316
= 158 N
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How can citizen -scientists help with the prediction of future earthquakes
Answer:
Avoid downed power lines and stay away from buildings and bridges from which heavy objects might fall during an aftershock. Stay away until local officials tell you it is safe. A tsunami is a series of waves that may continue for hours. Do not assume that after one wave the danger is over.
A closed system changes from state 1 to state 2 while 40kj of heat is added and 60kj of work is done by the system. As system is returned to state 1, 20kj of work is done on it. what is the heat transferred during process 2-1
The heat transferred during the process from state 2 to state 1 in a closed system, after adding 40 kJ of heat and doing 60 kJ of work in state 1 to 2, then having 20 kJ of work done on it, is -80 kJ, meaning 80 kJ of heat is removed.
Given the information that a closed system changes from state 1 to state 2 while 40 kJ of heat is added and 60 kJ of work is done by the system, we can use the first law of thermodynamics to determine the heat transferred during the reverse process (state 2 to state 1). The first law of thermodynamics states that the change in internal energy (
Delta U
) of a system is equal to the heat added to the system (Q) minus the work done by the system (W), so:
Delta U = Q - W.
For the process 1 to 2:
Heat added (Q1 to 2) = +40 kJ
Work done by the system (W1 to 2) = -60 kJ
Therefore,
Delta U1 to 2 = 40 kJ - (-60 kJ) = 100 kJ.
Since the system returns to the initial state, the change in internal energy for the entire cycle is zero:
Delta U cycle =
Delta U1 to 2 +
Delta U2 to 1 = 0
So,
Delta U2 to 1 = -
Delta U1 to 2 = -100 kJ
For the process 2 to 1, we are given:
Work done on the system (W2 to 1) = +20 kJ
Using the first law again for process 2 to 1:
Delta U2 to 1 = Q2 to 1 - W2 to 1
-100 kJ = Q2 to 1 - 20 kJ
Q2 to 1 = -100 kJ + 20 kJ = -80 kJ.
Therefore, 80 kJ of heat is removed from the system during the process from state 2 to state 1.
Earth's early atmosphere is almost unrecognizable compared to the atmosphere around us now. True False
It is TRUE that earth's early atmosphere is almost unrecognizable compared to the atmosphere around us now
Explanation:
The early atmosphere of earth was mainly composed of carbon dioxide (up to 200 times more than current levels), methane, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide. Most of the atmosphere was mainly created from gases spewed up into the atmosphere by volcanic eruptions. This was approximately 4.6 billion years ago.
However, an event referred to as the Great Oxygenation Event (about 2.6 billion – 400 million years ago ) changed the composition of the atmosphere. This was due to the evolution of photosynthetic organism that took up most of the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and evolved out oxygen. The oxygen oxidized a lot elements, minerals and compounds in the atmosphere (including methane) and on the crust surface (such as iron). This changed, drastically, the composition of the earth's atmosphere.
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What does the lens of an eye do to create an image?
A. focuses light on the cornea
B. focuses light on the retina
C. reflects light away from the retina
D. bends the cornea to correct vision
The eyes creates an image by focusing light on the retina.
The retina is the light sensitive part of the eyes. Images are formed when light is focused on the retina. The light sensitive nerve endings that are connected to the optic nerve conveys visual information to the brain.
Hence, the lens of the eye creates an image by focusing light on the retina of the eye.
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