A balloon drifts 50 m toward the east in 6 s; then the wind suddenly changes and the balloon flies 30 m toward the west in the next 5 s. What was the balloon's total displacement?

Answer:

80 electrons

Explanation:

80 electrons

So, there must be 201 - 80 = 121 neutrons. Since atoms are electrically neutral, there must be as many electrons as there are protons. A mercury atom needs 80 electrons to balance the 80 protons

B

Because when a woolen cap rubs Jamie’s hair, electrons are transferred from Jamie’s hair to the woolen cap. As a result, his hair turns positively charged, and the cap turns positively charged. This happens because hair gives up electrons more readily than wool. Note that positive charges do not get transferred; only electrons can get transferred.

The electrons are transferred from Jamie’s hair to the woolen cap by triboelectric effect

Triboelectric effect, often referred to as triboelectric charging, is a form of contact electrification in which some materials acquire an electrical charge after being cut off from another substance with which they had come into touch.

It is also known as conduction where a negatively charged shares electrons with a neutral body when they are both in contact with each other.

Given data ,

Let the first substance be represented as Jamie's hair

Let the second substance be represented as a woolen cap

Now , the charge on the woolen cap is neutral

From triboelectric effect ,

When the cap is rubbed with the hair , the woolen cap produces static electricity and the excess charges will build upon the surface of the cap

As bound materials rub against one another, negative charges or electrons will be transferred.

Hence , the electrons are transffered from the hair to cap by triboelectric effect

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Answer:

Option (B)

Explanation:

Asteroids are the rocky materials that are present abundantly in an orbit between the planet Mars and Jupiter. This is known as the asteroid belt, which is comprised of millions of asteroids that move around the sun. They are of various sizes ranging from a few meters to about hundreds of kilometers, which can cause mass extinction if strikes on the surface of the earth. They move at a speed of about 80,000 km/hr and during this motion, frequent collision takes place and they are considered to be the remnant of the early solar system.

Thus, the correct answer is option (B).

Newton's Second Law of Motion which states that the acceleration an object experiences is directly proportional to the force applied to it

Answer:

The correct answer is the option B) It is a lunar eclipse, in which the Earth casts a shadow on the Moon.

Explanation:

A lunar eclipse is an astronomical phenomenon that occurs when the Earth passes directly between the Moon and the Sun, causing the Earth's shadow produced by sunlight to be cast over the Moon completely covering it. For this to happen, the three celestial bodies must be formed in a straight line.

Every year there are between 2 and 7 lunar eclipses. According to the position of the Moon with respect to the Earth's shadow, 3 types of lunar eclipses occur.

The difference between a lunar eclipse and a solar eclipse is that, in the first case, the Earth stands between the Moon and the Sun casting a shadow on the Moon, while in a solar eclipse, the Moon stands between the Sun and Earth, casting its shadow to a small part of the latter.

Finally, the correct answer is the option B) It is a lunar eclipse, in which the Earth casts a shadow on the Moon.

The correct statement is Material D is denser than Material A.

What is density of a material

Density of a material represents the amount of mass contained within a specific volume of that substance. It is calculated by dividing the material's mass by its volume.

This fundamental property, denoted as  ρ, varies based on the composition and structure of the substance. For instance, metals generally possess higher densities compared to gases or liquids.

Hence we can say that Material D is denser than Material A.

question

The speed of light in four different materials is shown below:

Material Speed of light in thousand miles per second

A 140

B 78

C 186

D 124

Which statement is correct?

Material B is the least dense.

Material C is the most dense.

Material A is denser than Material D.

Material D is denser than Material A. ((my answer))

Answer:

A) sound to be transferre

Explanation:
As the vacuum jar is emptied of air, the volume of the ringing bell will gradually diminish until it becomes inaudible. This occurrence can be attributed to the fact that sound necessitates the presence of air in order to propagate. Sound, being a form of mechanical wave, relies on a medium, like air, to transmit its vibrations.

Final answer:

As air is pumped from the vacuum jar, the sound level of the ringing bell will decrease until it can no longer be heard. This happens because air must be present in the jar for sound to be transferred, hence the correct answer is (a) sound to be transferred.

Explanation:

Sound is a form of energy that travels through the vibration of particles in a medium, such as air, water, or solids. When the air is removed from the jar, the number of particles that can vibrate and carry sound waves diminishes, eventually reaching a point where there are not enough air molecules to facilitate the transmission of sound. Sound cannot travel through a vacuum as there is no medium to transmit the vibrations. In comparison to the speed of sound in various gases, the speed of sound in a vacuum is zero, because sound simply does not travel when there is an absence of a conveyable medium. Similarly, the demonstration of sound reinforcement when a tuning fork is placed against a table helps illustrate that the transfer of energy requires a medium. The same principle applies to resonance in containers of air; as the air inside resonates with the sound frequency, we are able to hear the sound due to the air amplifying the vibrations.

Smoke alarms emit only alpha radiation, which has limited penetration power and is safe when contained, such as within the plastic casing of the detector. Inhaling alpha-emitting radioactive substances can be harmful, therefore strict containment like in smoke detectors is essential for safety.

It is important that smoke alarms only emit alpha radiation and not other types of radiation because alpha particles have limited penetration power, making them less harmful to humans when contained within a device. Alpha particles in smoke alarms are used to ionize the air and create a small electric current. In the event of a fire, smoke particles disrupt the flow of ions, which reduces the current and triggers the alarm. Many alpha-emitting substances are safe to handle because alpha particles can be blocked by simple barriers, like the plastic embedding in smoke detectors.

Inhaling or ingesting alpha-emitting radioactive dust, however, can be very dangerous as it exposes internal tissues to intense localized radiation, increasing the risk of cellular damage and cancer. For this reason, the containment of americium in smoke detectors ensuring that the radioactive material is not easily dispersed or inhaled is crucial to its safety in residential and commercial environments.

Answer:  D) The frequency of a moving source of sound is greater as it approaches an observer.

Explanation:

Doppler effect occurs when there is relative motion between source of sound and observer. The apparent frequency observed by observed is different from the actual frequency of the sound emitted from the source.

When the source and observer move closer, the apparent frequency is greater and when moving away, it is less than the actual frequency. Thus, the correct option is D.

The loudness is dependent on the amplitude of the sound which remains same.

Answer:

D!

Explanation:

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Photosynthesis provides crucial advantages to an organism by producing organic carbon and releasing oxygen, serving as a foundation for almost all ecosystems. It also facilitates adaptations that allow for efficient energy capture, thus sustaining the food chain and life on Earth.

The advantage that an organism has because of photosynthesis is significant. Primarily, it allows autotrophic organisms like plants, certain types of bacteria, and algae, to produce organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water using sunlight. This process not only provides the carbon necessary for organic molecules such as sugars, which can be transformed into other essential compounds like proteins and nucleic acids, but it also results in the release of oxygen into the atmosphere, a crucial element for most living creatures, including humans. Moreover, by converting light energy into chemical energy, photosynthesis fuels nearly all ecosystems except for a few isolated instances like deep sea hydrothermal vents.

Organisms have evolved various adaptations to maximize the benefits from photosynthesis. For example, many photosynthetic organisms have a mixture of pigments, allowing them to absorb a broader range of light wavelengths, crucial for those in competitive environments or with limited access to sunlight, such as underwater plants or those on the rainforest floor.

Ultimately, photosynthesis is central to the food chain as it is at the heart of most energy paths. The energy captured by photosynthesis is what powers the synthesis of ATP via respiration, which in turn fuels the biological activities of heterotrophs - organisms that cannot produce their own food. Therefore, directly or indirectly, photosynthesis is responsible for the sustenance of life on Earth, contributing to the continuous energy transfer among organisms within our ecosystems.

Answer:

C) steel turning to rust in salt air

Explanation:

The missing options are:

A) ice melting to form liquid water

B) water boiling to form steam

C) steel turning to rust in salt air

D) sugar dissolving into hot coffee

In a chemical change the atoms of the reacting compounds are reordered forming new compounds. In a chemical change, new compounds appear, but in a physical change not.

Then, change of states like ice melting and water boiling are not chemical changes.

During steel rust, components of steel, like iron, are oxidized, that is, reacts with oxygen forming oxides.

The dissolution of sugar into hot coffee is a physical change in which sugar molecules get further apart in the coffee,  but they don't change.

Answer:

b. when the sun, Earth, and the moon are nearly in a line

Explanation:

Due to gravitational pull of sun and moon, the level of water in seas and oceans rises above its normal level. This is known as tides. Highest tides occur when the sun, the moon and the Earth align in a straight line i.e. during New moon and Full moon. This is because in this alignment, there is maximum effect of gravity. Tide occurrence during this phase are also referred as spring tides.

The hammer pounding a nail demonstrates Newton's First Law, as the hammer's horizontal motion stops due to the opposing force of the nail and board, and Newton's Third Law, with the nail applying an equal and opposite force to the hammer.

The phenomenon of a hammer pounding a nail into a board can be analyzed using Newton's laws of motion. Specifically, two of these laws are demonstrated:

Newton's First Law (also known as the law of inertia). This law suggests that if an object is in motion, it will not change its velocity unless a force acts upon it. For example, a hammer in motion strikes a nail and is brought to rest because the nail and board apply a force opposing the hammer's motion.

Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Therefore, as the hammer applies a force to drive the nail into the board, the nail applies an equal and opposite force to the hammer, causing it to stop.

When a hammer hits a nail, the horizontal momentum of the hammer is reduced to zero as the nail stops the hammer—illustrating Newton's First Law. Simultaneously, the force with which the hammer strikes the nail and the nail’s force on the hammer (which is responsible for stopping the hammer) is an example of Newton's Third Law in action.

Final answer:

Different lights are separated into their individual colors when shined through a prism due to the phenomenon of dispersion. The prism refracts the light, bending different colors by different amounts based on their wavelengths.

Explanation:

When different lights are shined through a prism, they are separated into their individual colors. This is because the prism refracts (bends) the light, but not all colors are bent by the same amount. The bending of the light depends on its wavelength, with different wavelengths being bent by different amounts. This phenomenon is called dispersion.

For example, when white light is shined through a prism, it is separated into a rainbow of colors, known as a continuous spectrum. The colors are lined up side by side, with violet light being bent the most and red light being bent the least.

Overall, the prism acts as a dispersing tool that separates the different colors of light based on their wavelengths, allowing us to see the individual colors that make up white light.

The FIRST law states that an object at rest stays at rest, or if it's moving it continues at a consistent speed and direction unless acted on by another force. The SECOND law implies that the force needed to change an object's motion depends on its mass and the required acceleration. The THIRD law states that every force (action) has an equal and opposite force (reaction).

Newton's FIRST Law of Motion

An object at rest stays at rest, or an object that is moving at a consistent speed in a straight line keeps moving at that speed unless another force acts on it.

Newton's SECOND Law of Motion

The amount of force needed to make an object change its motion depends on the mass of the object and the acceleration required.

Newton's THIRD Law of Motion

For every action (or force), there is a(n) equal and opposite reaction (or force).

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