A teacher originally wanted to increase class participation, so she positively reinforced question asking with nickels. after a few days, students had stacks of nickels on their desks, and the class was asking far too many questions. the teacher decided things were better off when the students didn't ask so many questions. to reduce question asking, the teacher has several options available to her. she could approach the students' desks and physically remove a nickel from their stacks whenever they ask a question, a process known as _____. or, she could simply no longer give students nickels when they ask questions, a process termed _____.

A sensitive nerve cell or sense organ that can detect and react to chemical  is chemoreceptor, such as taste or smell. a sensory receptor that recognizes environmental chemical inputs and communicates that information to the brain.

Chemoreceptors are nerve cells that are capable of detecting substances. Chemoreceptors, which are sensors for changes in CO2, O2, and pH, are divided into central and peripheral types based on their anatomical locations.

Modifications in the partial pressure of oxygen activate peripheral chemoreceptors, which then cause respiratory drive changes aimed at maintaining normal partial pressure levels.

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In short: Opportunity cost is a foregone benefit with a choice. Still from this perspective of economics and business, other real examples would be the decisions between investment or personal expense. When one chooses to make a leisure trip, one is willing to invest that money), when one chooses to invest, one gives up the trip. Leaving from the individual perspective and passing to the social, we must think of the opportunity cost as the choice of the allocation of available resources .

Answer:

C — tradeoffs

Explanation:

A trade-off is a balance achieved between two desirable but incompatible features; a compromise. You are giving up something to achieve something else.

Think of it as being the cost (price) to achieve an opportunity (want).

Binet and Simon designed their intelligence test, later adapted by Terman and Wechsler, to identify children who might have difficulty in school. These tests have been standardized, continually updated, and serve multiple purposes in educational, clinical, and legal settings.

Origins of Intelligence Testing

The development of what we now refer to as IQ tests originated with the work of French psychologist Alfred Binet. Binet, along with his colleague Théodore Simon, was tasked by the French government to create a test that would identify children who might struggle in the school system. This test was meant to assist in providing appropriate educational support for those in need, particularly to differentiate levels of educational attainment rather than to measure inherent intelligence. The Binet-Simon test included a range of verbally based tasks and was innovative for its time.

In the United States, Louis Terman from Stanford University recognized the test's utility and adapted it into what became known as the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. Terman's modifications included standardizing the test administration and establishing an average score for each age, which later formed the basis for comparing individual scores to a norm group, represented graphically by a bell curve. This standardization was pivotal in ensuring consistency and reliability in intelligence testing.

David Wechsler further developed intelligence testing with his own set of tests, including the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). Wechsler's contribution underscored a more holistic view of intelligence, encompassing both verbal and nonverbal abilities. Reflecting on the historical progression from Binet and Simon's work through to contemporary intelligence assessments, it is clear that these tests have evolved to become critical tools in educational and clinical settings.

IQ testing serves multiple purposes today, including identification of children who may require additional educational support, as a factor in clinical diagnoses, and sometimes as evidence in legal proceedings. The consistent reformulation and recalibration of these tests ensure that they remain relevant and accurate measures of educational abilities and can be used to support individuals across a spectrum of needs.

Party machines were authoritarian command structures run by bosses in cities, which demanded loyalty from subordinates in exchange for jobs and favors.

According to the reading, party machines were cohesive, authoritarian command structures headed by bosses who extracted loyalty and services from underlings in return for jobs and favors. These party machines were found primarily in cities and often involved partisan political organizations. The bosses at the top wielded significant power and influence, requiring strict adherence to their commands. The nature of these machines reflects broader themes in history and social studies regarding authoritarianism, social hierarchy, and the dynamics of power within political structures. They serve as examples of how leaders can create structures that centralize authority and enforce loyalty through incentives and favors, mirroring various undemocratic systems found throughout history.

Answer:

D

Explanation:

In absolute monarchy, the king is the ultimate ruler. King holds the supreme authority just like in ancient times. The roman empire, the greek empire are a few examples of absolute monarchy. Whereas in Autocracy means rule by the self, meaning the system of government by one person with absolute power.

So, these are the two governments would share the characteristic of being ruled by a single leader.

Final answer:

The motivational term explaining why Kim orders a chocolate sundae despite feeling full is 'incentive motivation'. This term refers to the power of external rewards to motivate behavior, which in Kim's case is the desire and pleasure associated with eating a desirable food like a chocolate sundae.

Explanation:

The motivational term that explains Kim's appeal towards the chocolate sundae despite feeling stuffed is incentive motivation. It refers to external stimuli or rewards that can motivate behavior, even when basic needs are not driving it. In this scenario, the chocolate sundae acts as an incentive that is desirable to Kim, irrespective of her current state of satiety.

In psychological terms, although the need (hunger) is satisfied, the want for the appealing food remains due to its incentive value, which can be influenced by its taste, appearance, and the pleasure associated with consuming it. Social and behavioral contexts may play roles too, like prior positive experiences of enjoying desserts or feeling in control by choosing to indulge. This distinction between 'liking' and 'wanting' supports the idea that physiological mechanisms distinct from hunger can drive the desire for certain foods.

Answer: A

Explanation:

Answer:

the cognitive dimension

Explanation:

The correct answer is the size of the department as this is the likely basis of which how will define and to know the specialized units that may exist in a department. It is because if there is a small department then it is likely that the police working in that department have only few working officials unlike those residing in a big department.

Infantile amnesia is caused by a combination of brain maturation, especially the hippocampus, the development of linguistic skills and self-concept, and the transition in the retrieval cues used to access memories. These factors together contribute to the inability to recall memories from the very early years of life.

The most likely cause of infantile amnesia, the inability to remember events from before about 4 years old, can be attributed to several factors. These include the maturation of the cortex, which allows for increased long-term memory storage and the development of a sense of self. Maturation of the brain, particularly the hippocampus, is crucial for the formation of autobiographical memory. Additionally, linguistic skills develop significantly during this period, improving a child's ability to encode memories. Furthermore, as a child's cognitive abilities evolve, they begin to use different retrieval cues that are more linguistically based compared to those used during infancy.

Equally important, social interactions and the emerging concept of self contribute to the formation of detailed autobiographical memories. Prior to the ages of 3 or 4, a child's representation of self is not fully developed, which affects the ability to form cohesive autobiographical memories. As these elements mature, the quality and accessibility of memories from early childhood improve.

The answer to this question should be 3 because Confucius taught to live with moral values or "Harmony" I hope this helps.

A person who follows the teachings of Confucius would most likely believe that people should live in harmony by keeping correct relationships. The correct option is (3).

Confucianism emphasizes human-centered ideals for harmonious living as well as ancestor worship.

"Do unto others as you would not for others to do unto you" is the central tenet of Confucianism. Whether Confucianism is a religion is up for dispute.

Confucius emphasized the development of character traits including generosity, reciprocity, and filial devotion.

According to Confucius, individuals who sought to dominate others must develop self-discipline and moral authority. He also felt that education and meditation produced virtue.

Therefore, a  person who follows the teachings of Confucius would most likely believe that people should live in harmony by keeping correct relationships.

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The correct answers are; continuous reinforcement schedule and a fixed ration schedule of reinforcement.

A continuous reinforcement schedule occurs when the reinforcement is being delivered only after there is a single target behavior whereas the fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement occurs when the reinforcement of response happens after the specified number of response.

Answer:

I think it's:

A. Size