Answer:
Answered below
Explanation:
Head injuries may be penetrating head injury or closed head injury.
A major concern for health professionals regarding intracranial injuries resulting from closed head traumas, is the management of intracranial pressure. Elevated intracranial pressure have negative effects on the brain and immediate management of raised intracranial pressure is important to avoid cerebral edema, intracranial hematoma, brain herniation and even death.
The usual procedures in the management of head injury include elevating the head to about 30 degrees. This position promotes cerebral venous drainage and decreases intracranial venous pressure and intracranial pressure as well.
This is helpful because when the patient is left in the horizontal position, the intracranial pressure becomes significantly higher and the have fatal consequences.
2. Determine the phenotype for each genotype using the information provided about SpongeBob.
Yellow body color is dominant to blue.
BB_____Bb_____bb_____
The phenotype for each genotype is as follows:
BB: Yellow body colorBb: Yellow body colorbb: Blue body colorHow to determine phenotype?This is because the yellow body color allele is dominant to the blue body color allele. This means that if an individual has at least one yellow body color allele, they will have a yellow body color. Only if an individual has two blue body color alleles will they have a blue body color.
This is a simplified example. In real life, there are many other factors that can affect the phenotype of an individual, such as the environment and other genes.
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Which factor determines if someone has brown eyes or green eyes A. several dominant alleles B. one allele from each parent C. one gene acting alone D. several genes acting together
Answer:
B One allele from each parent
Explanation:
You have dominant genes (brown eyes) and recessive genes (green eyes)
In order for a child to be born with brown eyes only one parent needs to have brown eyes. Having green eyes is recessive so either both parents need to have green eyes or neither of them needs to have them. But if one parent has green eyes and the other has brown eyes, then the brown eyed gene will almost always dominate the green eyed one.
I hope this helps! :)
Final answer:
The determination of eye color such as brown or green eyes is due to the interaction of several genes. Brown-eyed parents can have a green-eyed child if both are heterozygous, carrying the green trait.
Explanation:
The factor that determines if someone has brown eyes or green eyes is D. several genes acting together. Human eye color is influenced by several genes, each with multiple alleles. In the case of a couple with brown eyes producing a green-eyed child, it is genetically possible because B. Both parents are heterozygous, having the green trait on the green-blue eye gene. They could carry one allele for brown eyes and one allele for green eyes, and the green-eyed child inherited the green allele from both parents. This scenario is an example of how multiple genes and the interaction between dominant and recessive alleles can lead to the phenotypic expression of eye color.
For example, if both parents have brown eyes and produce a green-eyed child, it's possible because both parents carry the genetic makeup that includes the green trait alongside the dominant brown traits.
If the grasses contain 10,000 kcal, how much of that will a rabbit consume?
A. 10,000 kcal
B. 1,000 kcal
C.100 kcal
D.10 kcal
The correct answer is B. 1,000 kcal.
To solve this problem, we need to understand the energy flow in an ecosystem. The energy flow through different trophic levels can be represented by ecological pyramids, with producers (plants) at the base and top carnivores at the top.
The principle of the ecological pyramid is that only about 10% of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next. This is due to the second law of thermodynamics, which states that energy transformations are not 100% efficient and some energy is always lost as heat.
In this scenario, the rabbit is a primary consumer, which means it feeds directly on the producers (grasses). The energy transfer from the grasses (producers) to the rabbit (primary consumer) follows the 10% rule. Therefore, if the grasses contain 10,000 kcal, the rabbit will consume only 10% of that energy.
Calculating 10% of 10,000 kcal:
10% of 10,000 kcal = 0.10 * 10,000 kcal = 1,000 kcal
Thus, the rabbit will consume 1,000 kcal from the grasses. This is why option B is the correct answer.
Cnidarians and Ctenophores are alike in the following way: a) they are scavengers and parasites. b) they are both diploblastic. c) both groups move with simple contractions of the bell. d) some members of both groups secrete supportive exoskeletons.e) they both alternate between bilateral and radial forms.
Answer:
Options B.
They are both diploblastic.
Explanation:
Cnidarians are group of aquatic animals that live both in fresh water and Marine water. They are distinguished by the possession of specialized cells called cnidocytes for capturing prey. They are radially symmetrical and have two body layers ectoderm and endoderm separated by jelly layer called mesoglea.
Examples are Hydra, corals, sea anemone and jelly fish.
Ctenophores are phylum of Marine animals that are found in every where. They are characterized by vast of cilia which is use for swimming. They are bilaterally symmetrical , they have mouth and don't have anus. They don't have respiratory, excretory and circulatory system. They are diploblastic i.e they have two body layers but some are triploblastic.
They have nemacyctes for capturing prey.
Examples are nuda, tentaculata e.t.c.
6. There were originally 32 atoms of a radioactive isotope with a half life of 500 years in a fossil. There are 16 undecayed
atoms of the isotone remaining How many years have gone hy?
Answer:
500 years
Explanation:
Which is a function of the nervous system? Select all that apply.
Answer:
The nervous system transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body, including internal organs.
Explanation:
Jake said that a well should be drilled in aquifer X because it is less porous. Alex said that a well should be drilled in aquifer Y because it is more permeable.
Who made the most appropriate decision for the placement of the well?
Jake is correct. The well should be drilled in aquifer X because it is less porous.
Alex is correct. The well should be drilled in aquifer X because it is more permeable.
Alex is correct. The well should be drilled in aquifer Y because it is more permeable.
Jake is correct. The well should be drilled in aquifer Y because it is less porous.
Answer:
Alex is correct. The well should be drilled in aquifer Y because it is more permeable.
Explanation:
Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa) are tall canopy trees that make up a large portion of the Amazon rain forest. They produce large grapefruit-sized seedpods. The agouti, a ground-dwelling rodent, has teeth strong enough to open the tough seedpods. While the agouti eats some of the tree’s seeds, it also buries caches in various spots on the rain forest floor. Why is the agouti important to the rain forest ecosystem? a) It eats and disperses the trees’ seeds. b) It cleans the rain forest floor of debris, allowing for easier motility. c) It eats the trees’ excess seeds and prevents other animals from doing so. d) It prevents the trees’ seeds from rotting on the rain forest floor.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Brazil nuts are tall canopy trees have nuts as their fruit. The rodent agouti feeds on these seeds as their food.
They crack the seed and eat the fruit and extra food is hidden inside the soil and most of time they forget where they hide the seed.
Over the time the seeds germinate and grows into large trees. They are are very important for the dispersal of the seeds in the rain forest.
Hence, the correct answer is option A.
_________ is an organ of the alimentary canal?
Answer:
Small intestine
Explanation:
The given question has not provided the options neither they are found anywhere therefore it can be assumed that the examiner is asking the most important organ of the alimentary canal.
The alimentary canal is the hollow tube-like structure formed inside the human which are associated with the digestion of the food material. The main organs of the alimentary canals are the oesophagus, stomach and the intestine.
The intestine is the main organ of the canal as it is associated with the digestion of the complex biomolecules and the absorption of these nutrients.
Thus, the small intestine is the correct answer.
The alimentary canal, part of the digestive system, includes the mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. Its primary role is to nourish the body by processing food and facilitating nutrient absorption.
The alimentary canal is an integral component of the digestive system. Also known as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or gut, it begins at the mouth and terminates at the anus. The alimentary canal is about 7.62 meters (25 feet) in length during life and extends to about 10.67 meters (35 feet) after death due to the loss of smooth muscle tone. Its primary function is to nourish the body by facilitating the process of digestion and absorption of nutrients. The canal includes several organs modified to suit the body's functional needs, such as the pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. It is important to note that food and wastes within the alimentary canal are considered outside the body until absorption occurs, bringing the nutrients into the body's interior.
Oligodendrocytes ________. a. regulate oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrient and neurotransmitter levels around neurons in ganglia b. remove cell debris, wastes, and pathogens by phagocytosis c. maintain the blood-brain barrier and provide structural support d. line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord e. provide structural framework and myelinate the central nervous system (CNS) axons
Answer:
The answer is E
Explanation:
Oligodendrocytes provide structural framework and myelinate the central nervous system (CNS) axons.
Rabies is a viral disease contracted from the bite of an infected animal. Rabies bypasses many immune system defenses by traveling in peripheral neurons to reach the CNS. Which method of transport is NOT used by the rabies virus to reach the CNS?A. Anterograde flowB. OsmosisC. Axoplasmic transportD. Retrograde flow
Answer:
D. Anterograde flow
Explanation:
Axonal transport is of 2 types:
Anterograde: Transport material from the soma towards the axon.Retrograde: Transport materia from axon towards soma.Pathology :
Virus enters tissue from saliva of biting animal.Virus replicates in muscle near bite.Virus moves to peripheral nervous system to CNS. Virus ascends the spinal cord.Virus reaches brain and causes fatal encephalitis.Virus enters salivary glands and other glands and other organs of victim.Hence,Rabies bypasses many immune system defenses by traveling in peripheral neurons to reach the CNS. While anterograde flow is NOT used by the rabies virus to reach the CNS
Two insecticides will be compared for their effectiveness in eliminating aphids on tomato plants. Forty tomato plants of the Big Boy variety will be randomly allocated to two groups of twenty each. The first group of 20 plants will be sprayed with insecticide A and the other group of 20 plants with insecticide B. After two weeks, the number of aphids on each plant will be counted. A test will be performed to determine whether the mean number of aphids differs significantly for the two insecticides.
What procedure should she use to compare the mean number of aphids found on the two groups of plants?
Answer:
The t-test
Explanation:
The researcher should use a t-test to compare the two means and check if they are significantly different from each other.
In using the t-test, both null (H0) and alternate (H1) hypothesis are made such that:
H0: n1 = n2H1: n1≠ n2Thereafter, the value of t is calculated and compared to its critical value on the table. The formula for calculating the t goes thus:
[tex]t = \frac{Y_1 - Y_2}{\sqrt{\frac{S_1}{n_1} + \frac{S_2}{n_2} } }[/tex]
where, Y1 = mean of population 1, Y2 = mean of population 2, S1 = variance of population 1, S2 = variance of population 2, n1 = number of individuals in population 1 and s2 = number of individuals in population 2.
At the end of the day, if the calculated t value is more than the critical value of t, the H0 is rejected and it shows that the two means are significantly different. Otherwise, the H0 is accepted and this shows that there is not significant difference between the mean of population 1 and that of 2.
The student should use a two-sample t-test to compare the mean number of aphids on the tomato plants treated with insecticide A and B. If the data does not meet the assumptions of the t-test, a non-parametric test like the Mann-Whitney U test can be used instead.
Explanation:To compare the mean number of aphids found on the two groups of tomato plants after treatment with different insecticides, the student should use a statistical test. A suitable procedure for this comparison is the two-sample t-test, which will determine if there is a statistically significant difference in the mean number of aphids between the two groups. This test assumes that the data are normally distributed; however, if the normality assumption does not hold, a non-parametric alternative such as the Mann-Whitney U test may be used.
The setup involves treating one group of plants with insecticide A and another with insecticide B. After applying the treatments, the student will count the aphids on each plant in both groups. The mean number of aphids in each group will be calculated and compared using the chosen statistical test.
Before conducting the t-test, it is essential to check for the assumptions of normality and equal variances. If these assumptions are met, the two-sample t-test can provide insight into whether the effectiveness of the insecticides is significantly different or not. The conclusion from this test will enable the student to determine which insecticide is more effective at eliminating aphids from tomato plants.
Dan has been working hard to eat a lower sodium diet, lose weight, and exercise. He goes back to the doctor 2 months later and his blood pressure is 130 over 85 millimeters of mercury. How would his blood pressure be categorized now?
Answer:
Pre-hypertension
Explanation:
Based on the scenario being described it can be said that these readings would categorize the individual's blood pressure as Pre-hypertension. Readings from a systolic pressure from 120 to 139 are categorized as Pre-hypertension, while readings exceeding or equal to 140/90 millimeters of mercury are considered as Hypertension.
Please help on these questions
Answer:
B - Igneous
c - sedimentary
A - metamorphic
Weathering is when: B rocks are broken down into small sediments
#5 is C metamorphic
Explanation:
Answer:
Igneous= B
Sedimentary=C
Metamorphic=A
4.B
5.C
Briefly summarize the "base-pairing rule"
A population of pigs lives on an island together with burrowing termites. Pigs that have the longest snouts tend to survive more frequently than those with shorter snouts. Over time, most of the pig population is made up of individuals that have very long snouts. This is an example of which type of selection
Answer:
Directional selection
Explanation:
Natural selection is the process which determines the trait of the organism with which a species can evolve. This process can take place in one of the following ways that are stabilizing selection mode, disruptive selection mode and the directional selection.
When nature selects the species with the extreme trait and only one extreme trait is favoured over other than the population shift towards that particular trait and shows the directional selection.
In the given question, the pigs with longer snouts are favoured more than the pigs with another length of snouts therefore nature selects the pigs with an extreme trait and the population shifts towards that trait. This selection is known as the directional selection.
Thus, directional selection is correct.
The scenario describes an example of directional selection where individuals with traits at one extreme of the phenotype spectrum have an advantage, leading to a change in allele frequency in the population over time.
Explanation:The situation described is an example of directional selection, a mode of natural selection in which a single phenotype is favored, causing the allele frequency to continuously shift in one direction. Much like the evolution of the peppered moth observed in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century England. The peppered moth that could better blend with the soot-darkened trees due to the Industrial Revolution had higher survival rates. Similarly, those pigs on the island with longer snouts, because they were probably able to access food better than their short-snouted counterparts, were more likely to survive and reproduce, skewing the frequency of the long snout trait in the pig population over time.
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Identify the type of interaction described in each scenario.
Sociable weavers are a species of bird found in Africa. All males of a colony work together to build a large nest that can house several hundred birds. This is an example of cooperationX competitionpredation.
Typically, peregrine falcons hunt medium-sized birds, but they will also eat small mammals, reptiles, and insects. This is an example of X cooperationcompetitionpredation.
Male deer, called bucks, head-butt each other to defend their breeding territory and female mates. This is an example of cooperationcompetitionX predation.
Answer:
1 coopperation
2 predation
3 competition
Explanation:
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1 Sociable weavers are a species of bird found in Africa. All males of a colony work together to build a large nest that can house several hundred birds is coopperation.
2 Typically, peregrine falcons hunt medium-sized birds, but they will also eat small mammals, reptiles, and insects. This is an example of X predation.
3 Male deer, called bucks, head-butt each other to defend their breeding territory and female mates. This is an example of competition.
What is predation?
The best-known examples of predation involve carnivorous interactions, in which one animal consumes another.
Thus, these are the answer.
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In humans, identical twins are possible because:_____
a. convergent extension occurs.
b. early blastomeres can form a complete embryo if isolated.
c. cytoplasmic determinants are distributed unevenly in unfertilized eggs.
d. extraembryonic cells interact with the zygote nucleus.
e. the gray crescent divides the dorsal-ventral axis into new cells.
Answer:
it would be be early blastmeres can form a complete embryo if isolated.
Which structures in females is analogous in function to the vas deferens in males?
Answer:
Oviduct.
Explanation:
The vas deferens in males deposits sperm.
The oviduct in females moves the egg from the ovary.
Which best compares competition, cooperation, and predation between two organisms?
Both organisms benefit in cooperation, but only one benefits in predation and competition.
Both organisms benefit in cooperation and competition, but only one benefits in predation.
Both organisms benefit in cooperation, only one benefits in predation, and neither benefit in competition.
Both organisms benefit in competition, only one benefits in cooperation, and neither benefit in predation.
Answer:
A. Both organisms benefit in cooperation, but only one benefits in predation and competition.
In terms of competition, cooperation, and predation Between the two organisms, the third statement is best described. Cooperation benefits both organisms; predation benefits only one, and competition benefits neither.
What is the relationship among organisms in an ecosystem?There are many organisms living in a single ecosystem. These organisms show different relationships, such as prey-predator relationships, mutualism, cooperation, etc.
Mutualism is a positive association in which both organisms benefit. In a cooperation relationship, individuals cooperate with each other to live and for other necessary things such as predation, etc.
Some animals are in a prey-predator relationship in which one organism is killed and another gets the food out of it. In this case, the prey suffers while the predator benefits. In competition both the involving partner face negative impact of competition. The competition is not beneficial for anyone as both of them are affected by it, and it happens for the territory, etc.
Hence, the third statement is correct, because both organisms benefit from cooperation, while only one benefits from predation and neither from competition.
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You are dispatched to a residence for a child with breathing difficulty. It is 11:30 PM and the temperature outside is 30°F (-1°C). When you arrive at the scene, you find the child, a 3-year-old boy, sitting on his mother's lap. The child's mother tells you that other than a recent runny nose and low-grade fever, her son is healthy. You note that the child has a high-pitched, harsh cough and noisy breathing. You should:
Answer:
Explanation:
Based on the scenario being described within the question it can be said that in this situation you should suspect that the child is suffering from croup, keep the mother and child calm, and arrange for prompt transport. This is a type of respiratory infection in which the individual experiences swelling inside the trachea causing difficulty breathing, as well as having a fever and cough. This infection can be life threatening to younger children.
The child may have croup, characterized by a barking cough and noisy breathing, which requires immediate medical attention. Monitoring respiratory rate and using a pulse oximeter to check oxygen saturation is important. If symptoms worsen, seek emergency care.
Explanation:The symptoms described for the 3-year-old boy with a high-pitched, harsh cough and noisy breathing at night, paired with his recent runny nose and fever, are indicative of a possible upper respiratory infection such as croup. Croup is characterized by inflammation of the upper airways, which can lead to a distinctive barking cough and stridor, or a high-pitched wheezing noise during breathing. Given the potentially serious nature of breathing difficulties in children, immediate medical attention is advised. The caretaker should monitor the child's respiratory rate, as a normal rate for a child of this age should be closer to 20-30 breaths per minute. Oxygen saturation should also be checked using a pulse oximeter to ensure the child is receiving adequate oxygen.
If the child's breathing difficulty worsens, or if he appears to be straining for breath, turns blue, or becomes lethargic, emergency medical services should be contacted immediately. In the meantime, keeping the child calm and in a comfortable position, preferably sitting up, can help ease the difficulty in breathing. If the temperature outside is cold, taking the child out to breathe in the cool air can sometimes alleviate symptoms, but only if it is safe and does not involve prolonged exposure to cold temperatures.
Your friend has just joined a lab that studies vesicle budding from the Golgi and has been given a cell line that does not form mature vesicles. He wants to start designing some experiments but wasnât listening carefully when he was told about the molecular defect of this cell line. Heâs too embarrassed to ask and comes to you for help. He does recall that this cell line forms coated pits but vesicle budding and the removal of coat proteins donât happen. Which of the following proteins might be lacking in this cell line? A) clathrin B) Rab C) dynamin D) adaptin
Answer:
C) dynamin
Explanation:
In eucaryotic cells, dynamin is required for exocytosis, where dynamin participates in the formation of the vesicle. These enzymes are also involved in organelle division and cytokinesis. Dynamin proteins are hydrolase enzymes capable of binding guanosine triphosphate (GTP).
Molluscan shells are made of three layers, which one names correctly from the outside?
Answer:
A molluscan shell is made of three layers arranged from the outside to the inside: A) mantle layer, prismatic layer, periostracum.
Explanation:
Final answer:
The molluscan shell from the outside is made up of the organic layer, the prismatic layer, and the nacreous layer, which is the smooth, iridescent layer inside the shell.
Explanation:
The molluscan shells are composed of three distinct layers, which from the outside are named as follows: the organic layer, the middle prismatic layer, and the inner nacreous layer, also known as the mother-of-pearl. These layers are secreted by the mantle, which is a layer of tissue between the shell and the body of the mollusk. This mantle is responsible for secreting the calcium carbonate that ultimately forms the shell. In particular, the nacreous layer is the smooth, iridescent layer that we often associate with the interior of seashells and the formation of pearls.
Mollusks possess a variety of features, including a radula for feeding, and their body plan typically includes a head with eyes or tentacles, a muscular foot, and the mantle. The radula is present in all groups of mollusks except the bivalves.
Under which condition would the trp operon be transcribed at the highest level? Group of answer choices a mutation in one of the structural genes in the operon a mutation in the promoter sequence low tryptophan concentration high tryptophan concentration a mutation in the regulator gene
Answer:
low tryptophan concentration
Explanation:
The trp operon is a set of genes present in the bacteria which are involved in the synthesis of the tryptophan amino acid in the cell.
The trp operon is usually switched off when the tryptophan amino acid is present in the environment which is utilized by the bacteria but when the tryptophan level in the environment is reduced than the bacteria activates the trp operon.
The trp operon synthesizes the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of tryptophan.
Thus, the selected option is correct.
What are the two factors that will affect body composition?
ANSWER: Genetic make-up and Nutritional Uptake
EXPLANATION:
There are different factors that affects the body composition, which include genetic make-up, gender, age, race, nutrition, physical activity, and hormonal status.
However, the two main factors that is highly essential that determines how the body is composed is the genetic make-up and the nutritional uptake of the individuals.
Moreover, the genetic make-up (the sequence of information stored in the DNA which is used to synthesize many products and functions in the body) acts as integral factors that influence body composition.
Then, the nutritional uptake also play a pivotal influence in body composition. Therefore, Illness may be elicited by malnutrition (i.e nutritional intake falls short of nutritional requirements) which have significant effect on body composition. Hence, it can leads to major complications in the body (such as organ dysfunction, reduced body cell mass, abnormal blood composition, and other severe clinical complications).
Body composition is greatly influenced by two factors: physical activity and diet. Physical activity increases muscle mass and decreases body fat, while diet determines the amount and type of nutrients that enter the body.
Explanation:There are primarily two factors that greatly influence a person's body composition. These factors are physical activity and diet.
Physical activity affects body composition by increasing muscle mass and decreasing body fat. A higher level of physical activity usually results in a larger percentage of body mass being composed of muscle rather than fat.
On the other hand, diet influences body composition by determining the amount and type of nutrients entering the body. Foods rich in protein can help to build muscle while those high in fats and sugars contribute to fat storage.
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The most important force causing net outward water flow across capillary walls is ________. The most important force causing net outward water flow across capillary walls is ________. hydrostatic pressure of capillary blood intracellular hydrostatic pressure hydrostatic pressure of interstitial fluid osmotic pressure of plasma proteins
Answer:
Hydrostatic pressure of capillary blood
Explanation:
Hydrostatic pressure refers to the pressure applied by the fluid flowing through the structure with confined boundaries on the walls of the structure.
In the given case, the hydrostatic pressure of the capillary blood is the pressure applied on the capillary walls by the blood as it flows through it.
When the blood moves through the capillary, the blood exit out of the pores due to this hydrostatic pressure and when the blood moves through these capillary, the pressure decreases as the blood is moved out that is from the arterial side to the venous.
Thus, the selected option is correct.
Small bumps located on portions of the endoplasmic reticulum
Answer:
Ribosomes
Explanation:
The small bumps located on portions of the endoplasmic reticulum are ribosomes.
There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum, namely:
Smooth endoplamic reticulumRough endoplasmic reticulumThe smooth endoplamic reticulum is ribosome-free while the rough endoplasmic reticulum appears rough when viewed under the microscope due to the attachment o ribosomes.
The ribosomes are small circular organs and are utilized in protein synthesis. Hence, the rough endoplasmic reticulum functions in the production of protein in the cell.
The small bumps located on portions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are called ribosomes.
Cells synthesise protein with ribosomes. They are either loose in the cytoplasm or connected to the ER, giving it a rough look and the moniker "rough endoplasmic reticulum" (RER).
Protein synthesis relies on rough ER ribosomes. They employ mRNA (messenger RNA) to combine amino acids into polypeptide chains and produce proteins. ER ribosomes efficiently couple protein synthesis with the ER's protein processing, modification, and transport.
Instead of ribosomes, the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) stores calcium ions, detoxifies, and metabolisms lipids.
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Help a brother out and do all of it
Suppose there was a bird that always sat on a horse’s back and ate the insects that would bite the horse. What term would describe the relationship between the bird and the horse?
Answer: Mutualism
Explanation: The definition of mutualism states " interaction between two or more species where each species has a benefit". The bird is getting food from the insects and the horse is getting the insects removed. Both are benefited.
The relationship between the bird and the horse where the bird eats insects on the horse's back is known as commensalism.
The term that describes the relationship between a bird that sits on a horse's back and eats insects that would bite the horse is commensalism. This is a type of symbiotic relationship where one species, the bird, benefits by getting food, while the other species, the horse, is neither harmed nor helped significantly. Examples of commensalism include cattle egrets that feed on insects disturbed by grazing mammals and spiders that build webs on trees for housing without affecting the tree.
Definition: this is the set of skills and abilities necessary for an organism to live.