Which of the following is a lymphatic disorder? Lupus melanoma psoriasis seizure
Answer:
Lupus
Explanation:
Describe one type of molecular evidence that can be used to determine the genetic relatedness of bacterial strains isolated from naturally occurring populations
One type of use of molecular evolutionary evidence to determine the relatedness between the bacteria strains is use of molecular clock. Molecular clock determines the degree of similarity and difference in the genetic makeup of the organisms by comparing the sequences of nucleotides in their DNA or amino acids in their proteins.
DNA sequencing and analysis, in particular of the genomic sequence and the 16S rRNA gene, can be used to determine the genetic relatedness of bacterial strains. Additional evidence can come from detection of information exchange, such as the sharing of antibiotic resistance genes.
Explanation:One type of molecular evidence used to determine the genetic relatedness of bacterial strains isolated from naturally occurring populations is through DNA sequencing, which forms the basis of molecular systematics. By analyzing the genomic sequence of a bacterium's DNA and comparing it to other sequences, scientists can identify similarities and differences that suggest how closely related different strains might be.
An example of this was when the genomic sequence of the DNA extracted from the samples taken from 14th-century skeletons was constructed and compared to that of modern strains of the bacteria Y. pestis and Y. enterocolitica, and a close match was found. There's also evidence from molecular comparisons that two very closely related organisms can appear unrelated if mutations occurred.
Another valuable tool is the comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequences. The 16S rRNA gene is highly conserved among different species of bacteria, making it an ideal target for identifying and comparing bacterial strains. For instance, a gene sequence of 16S rRNA extracted from the samples taken from 14th-century skeletons were compared to that of modern strains of Y. pestis, again resulting in a close match.
Lastly, it is also possible to identify evidence of information exchange between different strains of bacteria, such as the sharing of antibiotic resistance genes. For example, the MCR-1 gene that confers colistin resistance was found in a plasmid from E. coli, suggesting that this resistance could have been acquired from another strain.
Learn more about Genetic Relatedness here:https://brainly.com/question/33728697
#SPJ11
Toddlers should consume ________ milligrams of calcium per day.
The answer is 700 milligrams needed toddlers should consume per day. Children need enough calcium to support their growing bones and teeth. Calcium is one of the body's most essential minerals and also has other necessary roles to play, including supporting a healthy nervous system and muscle function.
According to cell theory, scientists do not classify a virus as living because it does not have
Viruses do not behave like other living cells. For one, they can only reproduce within other organisms. And essentially that is about all they do. Granted there are negative reprocussions for the host organism, but the virus itself simply multiplies. Viruses are also smaller than cells and can use even simple bacteria as a host.
I don't know your options, but its definitely the organs and functions of actually cells.
What fossil evidence helped taxonomists separate all "fish" into these two branches for classification?
The correct answer is option A, that is, jaw or jawless fishes.
Agnatha refers to the superclass of jawless fish in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, comprising of both the extinct (conodonts and ostracoderms) and present (cyclostomes) species. It comprises the group of all vertebrates with jaws, that is, gnathostomes.
On the other hand, there are two categories of living fish with jaws. The Osteichthyes (the bony fish) and the Chondrichthyes (the cartilaginous fish). Both the categories of fish comprises of two pairs of lateral fins and a finned tail for impulsion in water.
Why must cholesterol, although lipid-soluble, cross most membranes by means of receptor-mediated endocytosis or transporters? propose a mechanism for co-transport of cholesterol through a plasma membrane?
Cholesterol, despite being lipid-soluble, must often cross membranes through receptor-mediated endocytosis or transporters because lipid bilayers of cellular membranes are impermeable to most large molecules, including cholesterol. This is essential for maintaining cellular functions and cholesterol homeostasis. The co-transport mechanism of cholesterol through a plasma membrane involves partnership with specific proteins and possibly the formation of lipoprotein complexes.
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a cellular process where specific substances are internalized into the cell through receptors on the cell surface. Cholesterol, often associated with low-density lipoprotein (LDL), is one such substance that is too large to passively diffuse across the lipid bilayer and must enter the cell via endocytosis. Defective or missing LDL receptors can lead to high blood cholesterol levels, as seen in familial hypercholesterolemia. Moreover, cholesterol transport across the membrane is also facilitated by proteins that recognize and shuttle these molecules. For instance, the START domain proteins and the OSBP play key roles in vesicular and non-vesicular transport mechanisms. These proteins help regulate the exchange of cholesterol and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI(4)P) between various cellular locations, ensuring proper cholesterol distribution and function within the cell.
Which base is normally used in the synthesis (making) of RNA but not in the synthesis (making) of DNA?
The correct answer is uracil.
Uracil is one of the pyrimidine nucleotide bases which is the component of nucleic acid-RNA. In RNA, uracil binds to adenine via two hydrogen bonds (complementary binding). Uracil is not found in DNA, it is replaced by thymine because it is thymine’s demethylated form.which characteristic is shared by all prokaryotes and eukaryotes
The characteristics which are shared by all prokaryotes and eukaryotes are the presence of plasma membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and the genetic material either DNA or RNA.
What do you mean by Prokaryotes?Prokaryotes may be defined as those single-celled organisms that lack a well-defined nucleus and other cell organelles.
The plasma membrane is made up of a phospholipid layer that envelops the cell and protects it from the external environment. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Cytoplasm plays a functional role in the metabolic processes, while genetic material stores genetic information of all organisms.
To learn more about Eukaryotes, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/13969093
#SPJ2
When a consumer eats a producer, the energy that is not used or stored is lost as A) heat. B) sugar. C) sweat. D) urine.
Categorize the examples of competition between organisms as interspecific or intraspecific.
Competition for limited resources in ecosystems is categorized as intraspecific competition within the same species, leading to natural selection, or interspecific between different species, potentially leading to extinction or specialization.
Competition among organisms is an ecological interaction where organisms vie for the same limited resources in an ecosystem. This competition can be categorized into two types: intraspecific competition and interspecific competition.
Interspecific Competition:
Interspecific competition occurs between members of different species. An example of this would be when predators from different species compete for the same prey, or when one species of ant attacks and takes over the colony of another ant species. This form of competition can lead to extinction or specialization.
Intraspecific Competition:
Intraspecific competition happens between members of the same species, such as two male deer competing for mates by clashing their antlers together. This competition is a driving force in natural selection, leading to better adaptations and the evolution of a species.
Flowering plants are the most successful land plants. This is due, in part, to the trait that could be the label for point C. in the cladogram. What trait is unique to this group of plants? A) vascular tissue B) perennial growth C) seeds protected in fruits D) alternation of generations
Answer: c
Explanation:
Because Seeds in fruits are protected by the flower. But I don´t know if that´s the correct answer.
Plant hormones how do plant hormones affect plant growth and development pogil answers
Plant hormones, such as auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, and ethylene, regulate various aspects of plant growth and development. They control processes like cell division, fruit ripening, and response to environmental stimuli.
Explanation:Plant hormones, also known as plant growth regulators, are chemical substances that control various aspects of plant growth and development. There are several types of plant hormones, including auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, and ethylene. These hormones regulate processes such as cell division, elongation, flowering, fruit ripening, and response to environmental stimuli. For example, auxins promote cell elongation, which is crucial for growth in plant shoots. Cytokinins stimulate cell division and promote the growth of lateral buds.
Gibberellins promote stem elongation, germination, and flowering. Abscisic acid regulates seed dormancy and helps plants withstand drought stress. Ethylene influences the ripening of fruits and the senescence (aging) process in plants. Overall, plant hormones play a key role in coordinating growth and development processes in plants, allowing them to adapt to their environment and achieve optimal growth.
Learn more about Plant hormones effects on plant growth and development here:https://brainly.com/question/27957902
#SPJ6
Frogs exchange gasses through the ____________________ and the ______________________.
How are all animals alike as heterotrophs
Answer:
All animals alike as heterotrophs beacuse animals cannot prepare their own food.
Explanation:
Heterotrophs may be defined as the organisms that will depend upon plants or other animals for their food. They are unable to synthesize their own food.
All animals are heterotrophs as they depends on the other organisms for the production of food. All animals are also referred as consumers.
Compare the two dna sequences shown below. transcribe them into mrna and translate them into an amino acid sequence. gtg cac ctc aca cca gag gag (normal hemoglobin)
Final answer:
The question involves transcription of DNA into mRNA and translation of mRNA into amino acids, forming the basis of protein synthesis. Transcription follows specific base-pairing rules, and translation is guided by a codon table. Mutations in DNA can lead to changes in the amino acid sequence, affecting protein function.
Explanation:
DNA Transcription and Translation
The student's question involves comparing two DNA sequences by transcribing them into mRNA and then translating them into an amino acid sequence. In the biological context, transcription is the process by which the sequence of bases in DNA is copied into a complementary sequence in mRNA. Translation is the subsequent process where the mRNA sequence is used to synthesize proteins, with each set of three nucleotides (codon) corresponding to one amino acid.
Transcription involves the use of RNA polymerase to generate a single-stranded RNA molecule that is complementary to the DNA template strand. Transcription follows the rule where adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U) in RNA, and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G), thymine (T) pairs with adenine (A), and vice versa. Translation involves the initiation, elongation, and termination phases, where ribosomes facilitate the decoding of the mRNA sequence into a polypeptide chain according to the genetic code.
The original hemoglobin DNA sequence provided, once transcribed into mRNA and translated, would yield a specific amino acid sequence corresponding to a part of the normal hemoglobin protein. However, mutations in the DNA sequence can lead to altered mRNA and thus modified amino acid sequences which can have various functional consequences, such as the mutation that leads to sickle-cell anemia.
Understanding the basics of DNA mutation and its repercussions on the protein function is crucial for comprehending genetic disorders and the impact of nucleotide changes, like those seen in sickle-cell disease. Furthermore, through the comparison of mutated DNA sequences, the type of mutation (e.g., insertion, deletion, or substitution) can be identified, and the alteration in the resulting protein can be predicted.
succession is the process of change in the biodiversity of an ecosystem over time. one type of succession is a process that brings life into a previously uninhabited area. what type of succession is this
The type of succession that brings life into a previously uninhabited area is known as Primary succession.
What is Succession?Succession may be defined as a type of process that significantly involves the gradual and continuous replacement of one community by another over a given period of time. It is mostly occupied by a better competitor.
Primary succession is the type of succession that initiates for the very first time when there is no life existed before. It usually brings life into a previously uninhabited area. For example, Glaciers, Igneous rocks, etc.
While secondary succession may also be a type of succession that initiates from a site where there is a life that existed before. For example, after a fire. This type of succession is faster as compared to primary succession.
Therefore, the type of succession that brings life into a previously uninhabited area is known as Primary succession.
To learn more about Succession, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/1824935
#SPJ6
There are two different species in a habitat. Species A has fewer genetic variations. Species B has a considerable amount of genetic variations.Which of these statements is true?
Species B is more prone to extinction.
Species B has less resistance to diseases as compared with Species A.
Species A have no fear of extinction.
Species A are more prone to extinction.
The correct answer is D. Species A are more prone to extinction.
Explanation
Genetic variation is a term that refers to the diversity that exists in a single species. This characteristic is important because it allows a species to adapt more easily to an ecosystem as one species with genetic variation it can overcome environmental difficulties and changes in the environment through evolution and natural selection than one with few genetic variations; also, it prevents the extinction of species. According to this,, species B has more possibilities of adapting to the changes or possible threats as a result of a greater amount of genetic variations, while species A, which has fewer genetic variations could extinguish first. So, the correct answer is D. Species A are more prone to extinction.
While handling preserved biological specimens what safety equipment should you be using ?
A- fire blanket
B - thermal gloves
C- eye wash station
D - latex gloves
Dramatic changes in sea level occurred throughout the Cenozoic era and the rise and fall of sea level is recorded in the rocks of the _______________. Amazing numbers of fossil clams, snails, and sand dollars can be found in these marine rocks, along with fossilized whale bones and shark teeth. A) Plateau B) Piedmont C) Coastal Plain D) Valley and Ridge
The answer is C. Good Luck!!
Final answer:
Sea level changes are recorded in the c) Coastal Plain rocks, with marine fossils indicating periods of rising sea levels during the Cenozoic era.
Explanation:
Dramatic changes in sea level occurred throughout the Cenozoic era, and these changes are recorded in the rocks of the Coastal Plain. The presence of marine fossils such as clams, snails, sand dollars, whales, and sharks in these rocks suggest periods where sea level was higher, allowing marine environments to encroach upon what are now terrestrial regions. When examining the sea-level curves and sediment patterns, particularly onlapping patterns where sediment stacks towards the coastline during transgressions, it's possible to deduce periods of rising sea levels. Conversely, an absence of such patterns or the presence of terrestrial sediments would indicate falling sea levels or a regression. Based on the presence of marine fossils within sediments, one can infer that there were intervals during which sea level was rising, as marine conditions were necessary to deposit such fossils.
In the study of human evolution, scientists define modern in terms of: a designated time frame between the upper and lower paleolithic. traits like large browridges, large nasal sinuses, and a large masticatory complex. a series of anatomical traits that distinguish cro-magnon features from neandertals. a series of distinctive anatomical traits that contrast with archaic traits from earlier hominins.
In this new biological treatment, electrodes are implanted in various regions of the brain, and the electrodes are coupled to an external device that sends out stimulating electrical pulses:
Sam has 17% body fat. according to the lecture, this does not fall into the healthy range of body fat for males.
Michigan is part of the Great Lakes region in the U.S. The Great Lakes ecosystem contains various types of habitats: forests, marshes, wetlands, and dune communities. These communities allow for more than 3,500 species of plants and animals to inhabit the basin. The many varieties of mammals, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and fish make the Great Lakes basin a unique and complicated ecosystem. The picture above shows one complex food web you might find within the Great Lakes. Students in biology class used a computer simulation to determine the effects of biodiversity on the stability of a food web. Their research question was: How does food web complexity affect the biodiversity of an ecosystem? Student groups were able to manipulate one variable in the food web. One student group added an herbicide to the waters during their simulation. The herbicide was the result of farming in the area. Based on the students' modification of the simulation, what would you expect to happen to this food web? A) We would expect a decline of any filter feeders that relied on unicellular algae for food. B) The first level consumers, the herbivores such as the mussels and water fleas, would die out. C) An overall collapse of the food web as the herbicide would kill all producers and they are the base of any food web. D) If the herbicide was toxic to algae, we would expect a collapse of the food web. If toxic only to plants, we would expect a decrease in some primary consumers.
Answer:
Option C, An overall collapse of the food web as the herbicide would kill all producers and they are the base of any food web
Explanation:
Addition of herbicide is not only harmful to the producers with in the lakes but all associated living organism. Herbicides will kill the producers and If the producers will die then the first level consumers will also die due to lack of food. Secondary consumers dependent on primary consumers will also die as they will not get sufficient food. Like wise, the tertiary consumers will also die. In this way the overall food web will collapse when herbicides are added to lake.
Hence, option C is correct.
Which of the following statements is true?
1) Health officials recommend exercising at least three times a week.
2) Periodontitis is caused by a lack of potassium in the diet.
3) Fruits and vegetables are good sources of protein.
4) A high-sugar, high-fat diet is not unhealthy if the body gets enough calcium.
Answer:
The correct answer is option 1)
Explanation:
As per the guidance of the department of health and human services, a healthy adult should exercise 145 minutes with medium intensity or 75 minutes with a vigorous intensity of physical activity a week or minimum thrice a week.
Periodontitis is a serious bacterial infection of gums that damages the bone that supports teeth and soft tissues. fruits and vegetables are generally sources of carbohydrates however beans and lentils are the source of protein too.
Thus, the correct answer is option - 1) Health officials recommend exercising at least three times a week.
Answer:
The answer is 1: Health officials recommend exercising at least three times a week.
Explanation:
If the rate ratio (rr) and its 95% confidence interval for a cohort study is rr = 1.1 (0.7, 1.6), what is the most appropriate conclusion about the association between the exposure and the disease of interest?
a. the exposure is a risk factor for the disease
b. there is no statistically significant association between the exposure and the disease
c. the exposure is protective against the disease.
d. none of these
Which client exhibits signs and symptoms of delirium and not dementia or depression? select one:
a. the onset is sudden and acute.
b. the cognitive changes are hidden by client.
c. the client demonstrates apathetic demeanor or flat affect.
d. the client's ability to perform adls is intact?
When you go in to have an mri done, the technician always tells you to remove your watch, pens, and other metal objects from your pockets. why is this request made?
Before performing an MRI, the technician always tells you to remove your watch, pens, and other metal objects from your pockets. This is because the powerful magnetic field of the MRI system attracts the metallic objects and causes them to suddenly with a very strong force.
What is MRI?MRI stands for Magnetic resonance Imaging. It may be defined as the methodology that utilizes a strong magnetic field to construct an image of the inside of a person's body.
MRI works on the principle of the strong magnetic field, such magnetic fields attract metallic objects with very strong and violent force.
In order to prevent some abnormality during the process of MRI, the technician will always tell you to remove all metallic objects out from an MRI room.
Therefore, it is well described above.
To learn more about MRI, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/23730902
#SPJ2
Fertilizer runoff from a farm is an example of which of the following?
Nonpoint source pollution (NPF)
Fertilizer runoff from a farm is an example of nonpoint source pollution. NPF emanate from many diffuse sources such as land runoff, precipitation, and drainage. Nonpoint source pollution includes excess fertilizers, salts from irrigation and toxic chemicals from urban runoff. When runoff moves, it absorbs and transports pollutants into water bodies such lakes, rivers and ground waters.
Which one answer is not a way to build a sustainable food system?
Which layer of Earth is made up partly of crust and partly of mantle material
Lithosphere
Lithosphere is the outermost layer of earth and it is composed of crust and upper mantle portion of the earth. Lithosphere rests on a layer called asthenosphere. Lithosphere forms the hard and rigid surface of the earth. The two types of lithosphere are oceanic lithosphere and continental lithosphereAnswer:
Lithosphere!!!
Explanation: