Choose all of the correct statements concerning acids and bases.

Soil erosion can be a major problem because it can destroy a region's agriculture.

The most likely reason why soil erosion can be a major problem is because it can destroy a region's agriculture. When soil erodes, the top layer of fertile soil is washed or blown away, leaving behind less fertile soil or bare rock. This leads to a decrease in crop productivity and can have a significant impact on the livelihoods of farmers and the availability of food.

Soil erosion is considered a form of soil pollution, which can also lead to the loss of expensive minerals present in the soil. However, the major concern with soil erosion is its impact on agriculture.

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Answer: -2044.0 kJ/mol

Explanation:

Answer on Edg 2020

Answer:

Explanation:

Answer: b. decompression melting and wet melting (the addition of volatiles)

Explanation: Magma is a hot liquid made of melted minerals, these minerals can form crystals when they are cold.

There are two main mechanisms through which rocks melt at the mantle plumes are; decompression melting and flux melting.

1) Decompression melting takes place within Earth when a body of rock is held at approximately the same temperature but the pressure is reduced. In other words, If a rock that is hot enough to be close to its melting point is moved toward the surface, the pressure is reduced, and the rock can pass to the liquid side of its melting curve.

2) flux melting: this occurs when water and other volatile components ( e.g carbon dioxide) are introduced to hot solid rock, depressing the solidus enough to cause melting. In other words, if a rock is close to its melting point and some water ( which acts as a flux that promotes melting) is added to the rock, the melting temperature is reduced and partial melting starts.

Answer:

40,000g/L

Explanation:

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By definition, the concentration that describes the solution is 400 [tex]\frac{grams}{L}[/tex].

Solute and solvent are two components of a solution. The solute is the substance (solid, liquid, or gas) that dissolves in the solvent to produce a homogeneous mixture known as a solution.

In the solution, the solute is usually found in a lower proportion than the solvent, while generally, the solvent is the component that is found in the greater proportion in the solution.

The concentration of a solution is the amount of solute (dissolved substance) in an amount of solvent or solution.

There are different ways to express the concentration of a solution.

In this case, the mass of solute per volume of solution is a measure of concentration that is determined by dividing the mass in grams of the solute present in the solution sample by the volume of the sample.

In this case, the solution contains 80 g of sugar per 200 ml (0.2 L, being 1000 mL= 1 L) of solution. Then, the mass of solute per volume of solution can be calculated as:

[tex]mass of solute per volume=\frac{80 grams}{0.2 L}[/tex]

Solving:

[tex]mass of solute per volume=400\frac{ grams}{ L}[/tex]

Finally, the concentration that describes the solution is 400 [tex]\frac{grams}{L}[/tex].

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Answer:

Ninguno estará en el agua después de 15 minutos.

Explanation:

Tomar 25 + 30 = 55 por minuto de agua que sale. Como ahora sabemos eso, tómese 55 minutos por 15 minutos. Debe obtener 825, por lo tanto, no quedará agua.

- Avíseme si esto es incorrecto o si desea una explicación más detallada. Espero que esto haya ayudado!

According to unitary method, there will be 825 liters of water and hence there will be no water left .

Unitary method is a process by which we find the value of a single unit from the value of multiple units and the value of multiple units from the value of a single unit. It is a method that we use for most of the calculations in math.

Water coming out= 25+30=55 liters of water comes out in 1 minute, thus in 15 minutes 15×55=825 liters will come out and hence there will be no water left.

Thus, according to unitary method, there will be 825 liters of water and hence there will be no water left .

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There are 800 liters of water in a tank. A tube pours 25 liters per minute into the tank at the top, and 30 liters per minute comes out at the bottom through another tube. How many liters of water will be in the tank after 15 minutes of operation?

Answer:

Radioactive decay is defined as the disintegration of an unstable nucleus accompanied by the release of energy.

The different types of radioactive decay are: alpha decay, beta decay, gamma decay; which are accompanied by the release of photons or other subatomic particles.

The mass number (A) and charge number (Z) of the following products of radioactive decay are:

(a) a neutron : [tex]_{0}^{1}\textrm{n}[/tex]

A - 1

Z - 0

(b) an α- particle: [tex]_{2}^{4}\textrm{He}[/tex]

A - 4

Z - (+2)

(c) a positron : [tex]_{+1}^{0}\textrm{\beta }[/tex][tex]\beta[/tex]

A - 0

Z - (+1)

(d) a photon

A - 0

Z - 0

(e) a β- ray: [tex]_{-1}^{0}\textrm{\beta }[/tex][tex]\beta[/tex]

A - 0

Z - (-1)

Answer : The total time it takes is, 57 min

Explanation :

Half-life = 19 min

First we have to calculate the rate constant, we use the formula :

[tex]k=\frac{0.693}{19\text{ min}}[/tex]

[tex]k=0.0365\text{ min}^{-1}[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the time taken for decay.

Expression for rate law for first order kinetics is given by:

[tex]t=\frac{2.303}{k}\log\frac{a}{a-x}[/tex]

where,

k = rate constant

t = time taken top decay  = ?

a = initial pressure of the reactant  = 1.0 atm

a - x = pressure left after decay process  = 0.125 atm

Now put all the given values in above equation, we get

[tex]t=\frac{2.303}{0.0365}\log\frac{1.0}{0.125}[/tex]

[tex]t=57min[/tex]

Therefore, the total time it takes is, 57 min

Final answer:

For a first-order reaction with a constant half-life, three half-lives occur when the concentration goes from 1.0 atmosphere to 0.125 atmosphere. Each half-life is 19 minutes, totaling 57 minutes, leading to the closest total time being C) 76 minutes.

Explanation:

The question involves a first-order reaction where the half-life remains constant. To find the time it takes for the partial pressure of cyclopropane to decrease from 1.0 atmosphere to 0.125 atmosphere, we need to calculate the number of half-lives that occur in this change.

The concentration decreases by half for each half-life period. Since 1.0 atmosphere going down to 0.125 atmosphere is equivalent to halving the concentration three times (1.0 to 0.5 to 0.25 to 0.125), it takes three half-lives.

Given that the half-life is 19 minutes, the total time would be:
3 half-lives × 19 minutes/half-life = 57 minutes.

Thus, the closest answer to the total time taken for this process is:

(C) 76 minutes

Answer: High entropy.

Explanation

Answer: A. unsaturated.

Explanation:

Unsaturated solution is defined as the solution in which more solute particles can be dissolved in the solvent.

Saturated solution is defined as the solution in which no more solute particles can be dissolved in the solvent.

Supersaturated solution is defined as the solution in which more amount of solute particles is present than the solvent particles.

Given:  Solubility = 30g/100ml

If 100 ml can dissolve ionic compound = 30 g

300 ml can dissolve ionic compound  =[tex]\frac{30}{100}\times 300=90g[/tex]

Thus solubility is 90g/300 ml and dissolved salt is only 70 g , the solution is said to be unsaturated.

Final answer:

When 70 g of an ionic compound is dissolved in 300 mL of water, which is less than the 90 g required to saturate it, the solution is considered unsaturated.

Explanation:

The solubility of an ionic compound is given as 30 g per 100 mL of water at room temperature. If a solution contains 70 g of the compound in 300 mL of water at the same temperature, we need to determine whether the solution is unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated.

To do this, we calculate the amount of compound that would saturate 300 mL of water, which would be 3 times the solubility in 100 mL of water:

30 g/100 mL x 3 = 90 g/300 mL

Since the solution has only 70 g in 300 mL of water, which is less than the 90 g needed to saturate it, the solution is unsaturated.

Answer:

Reproduction in Gymnosperms: Gymnosperms are heterosporous and sexual reproduction is oogamous type. In living gymnosperms the reproductive structures are arranged in the form of strobili or cones (except the ovulate structures of Cycas).

Explanation:

Answer:

Cones are the reproductive structures of gymnosperms.

Explanation:

Mass of hydrogen gas formed from the given reaction is 0.05 grams and the limiting reactant is HCl.

Explanation:

Data given:

moles of Mg = 0.050 moles

moles of HCl = 0.050 moles

mass of hydrogen gas formed =?

atomic mass of hydrogen gas = 2 grams/mole

limiting reactant = ?

Balanced chemical equation is given by:

Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → H2 (g) + Mg[tex]Cl_{2}[/tex] (aq)

from the reaction let us deduce the limiting reagent as

1 mole of Mg gave 1 mole of hydrogen gas

0.050 moles will give 0.050 moles of hydrogen gas

mass of hydrogen gas  = atomic mass x number of moles

mass of hydrogen gas = 2 x 0.050

                                       = 0.1 grams of hydrogen gas produced.

Now from 2 moles of HCl 1 mole of hydrogen gas is formed

so, 0.050 moles of HCl will give x moles of hydrogen gas

[tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{x}{0.050}[/tex]

2x = 0.050

x = 0.025 moles

mass of hydrogen gas  = atomic mass x number of moles

mass of hydrogen gas  = 0.025 x 2

                                      = 0.05 grams

mass = atomic mass x number of moles

The limiting reactant is HCl as it produced less amount of product after getting fully consumed in the reaction.

the product formed depends on the limiting reagent and the value is 0.05 grams.

Final answer:

To determine the mass of hydrogen gas and the limiting reactant in the given reaction, we need to calculate the moles of each reactant and use stoichiometry.

Explanation:

The reaction given is:

Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → H2 (g) + MgCl2 (aq)

To determine the mass of hydrogen gas produced and the limiting reactant, we need to calculate the moles of each reactant and use stoichiometry.

Moles of Mg = 0.050 mol

Moles of HCl = 0.050 mol

Since the reaction ratio is 1:1 between Mg and H2, the moles of H2 produced is also 0.050 mol. To calculate the mass of hydrogen gas, we can use the molar mass of H2 which is 2 g/mol. Therefore, the mass of hydrogen gas produced is:

Mass of H2 = Moles of H2 × Molar mass of H2 = 0.050 mol × 2 g/mol = 0.100 g

The limiting reactant is the reactant that is fully consumed and determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed. In this case, since both Mg and HCl have the same number of moles and both are fully consumed, neither is the limiting reactant.

Answer:

Because you can freeze the water you melted back into a ice cube.

Explanation:

Melting an ice cube is a reversible physical change because it involves a change in state (from solid to liquid) that can be reversed (from liquid back to solid). No new substances are formed in this process, hence, it's a physical change, not a chemical one. The substance, water, maintains its identity throughout the process.

Melting an ice cube is a reversible physical change because the process can be reversed by freezing. When an ice cube melts, it changes its state from solid (ice) to liquid (water) due to an increase in temperature. This is a physical change, not a chemical change because no new substances are formed - water (H2O) remains water in both solid and liquid states.

When the temperature drops, the liquid water can freeze back to become ice - this is the reverse of the melting process. Hence, it's considered a reversible physical change since we can revert the material (water) back to its original state (ice) under standard conditions. The key here is that the basic identity of the substance (water, in this case) does not change throughout this process.

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Answer: B) DC flows in one direction, and AC repeatedly switches directions.

Explanation:

DC stands for direct current, which is a current that constantly flows in only one direction.

AC stands for alternating current, which is a current that repeatedly changes directions.

GOOD LUCK! :)

Direct Current (DC) flows in one direction while Alternating Current (AC) flows by continuously changing its direction.

The difference between Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC) lies in the direction in which the electrons flow. In DC, the electrons flow steadily in a single direction, or 'directly'.

AC is a bit different; electrons keep swapping directions, sometimes going forwards and then going backwards.

Therefore, the answer to your question 'Which best compares AC and DC?' would be option D: DC flows in one direction, and AC repeatedly switches direction.

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Answer:

The partial pressure of [tex]O_{2} = 1.455[/tex] bar.

Explanation:

Given:

Volume [tex]V = 2.66[/tex] L

Total pressure [tex]P_{} = 4.50[/tex] bar

Temperature of system [tex]T = 298[/tex] K

Moles of nitrogen [tex]n = 0.297[/tex] mole

Partial pressure [tex]P_{co_{2} } = 0.269[/tex] bar

From ideal gas equation,

   [tex]PV = nRT[/tex]

Where [tex]R = 8.314 \times 10^{-2} \frac{L .bar}{K.mol}[/tex] = gas constant

First finding partial pressure of nitrogen

  [tex]P_{N_{2} } = \frac{nRT}{V}[/tex]

  [tex]P_{N_{2} } = \frac{0.297\times 8.314 \times 10^{-2} \times 298}{2.66}[/tex]

  [tex]P_{N_{2} } = 2.766[/tex] bar

We know, total pressure is given by

   [tex]P = P_{O_{2} } + P_{N_{2} } + P_{CO_{2} }[/tex]

[tex]P_{O_{2} } = 4.50 - 0.269 - 2.776[/tex]

[tex]P_{O_{2} } =1.455[/tex] bar

Therefore, the partial pressure of [tex]O_{2} = 1.455[/tex] bar.

Answer:

Air molecules collide into the balloon with the same energy inside and outside the balloon. These molecules now collide into the balloon with more energy resulting in increased pressure. The increased pressure causes the balloon to expand.

Explanation:

Answered by -cutecrazy448 - Mariah Malave

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Answer:

the temperature of the non- catalyzed reaction is = 2793.75 K

Explanation:

The reaction of the spontaneous decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to give water and oxygen is given as:

[tex]2H_2O_{2(aq)} ----> 2H_{2(l)} + O_2_{(g)}[/tex]

The activation energy of non-catalyzed reaction [tex]E{a_1} = 75 kJ/mol[/tex]

The activation energy of metal catalyzed reaction [tex]E{a_2} = 8 kJ/mol[/tex]

The temperature of metal catalyzed reaction [tex]T_2 = 25^0C[/tex] = (25+273)K = 298 K

The rate constant of the non-catalyzed reaction can be expressed as:

[tex]k_1 = Ae^{{-Ea_1}/RT_1}[/tex] ----- equation (1)

The rate constant of the metal catalyzed reaction can be expressed as:

[tex]k_2 = Ae^{{-Ea_2}/RT_2}[/tex]

Then [tex]k_1 = k_2[/tex]

[tex]Ae^{{-Ea_1}/RT_1}=Ae^{{-Ea_2}/RT_2}[/tex]

[tex]e^{{-Ea_1}/RT_1}=e^{{-Ea_2}/RT_2}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{Ea_1}{RT_1}}=\frac{Ea_2}{RT_2}}[/tex]

[tex]T_1 = \frac{Ea_1*T_2}{Ea_2}[/tex]

[tex]T_1 = \frac{75*298}{8}[/tex]

[tex]\\T_1 = 2793.75 \ K\\[/tex]

Thus; the temperature of the non- catalyzed reaction is = 2793.75 K

-269.65 °C is the temperature in °C if 1.32 moles of a gas that occupies.35 L at a  pressure of 1.06 atm.

Explanation:

Data given:

number of moles of the gas, n = 1.32

volume of the gas, V = 0.35 litres

pressure of the gas, P = 1.06 atm

temperature, T =?

R (gas constant) = 0.0821 L atm/mole K

Applying the equation for the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

rearranging the equation:

T = [tex]\frac{PV}{nR}[/tex]

putting the values in the equation:

T =     [tex]\frac{0.35 X 1.06 }{0.0821 X 1.32}[/tex]

T = 3.5  K

since the unit of temperature obtained is in degrees the temperature in Kelvin is -269.65 degrees. As 0 Kelvin = -273.15 celsius

formula is K -273.15

So,

3.5 - 273.15

= -269.65 celsius

In this voltaic cell, the cathode is the electrode with less Cl- concentration, and the Cl- concentration will remain constant during the operation of the cell. The anode will have the higher Cl- concentration and will increase during cell operation. The standard emf will be zero, but the actual emf can be calculated using the Nernst equation.

In a voltaic cell with two silver-silver chloride electrodes, the half-reaction given is: AgCl(s)+e−→Ag(s)+Cl−(aq). The electrode with the higher concentration of Cl- ions (2.90 M) will function as the anode, where oxidation occurs and [Cl−] will increase. Conversely, the electrode with the lesser concentration of Cl- ions (1.51×10−2 M) will act as the cathode, where reduction takes place and [Cl−] will stay the same as the cell operates.

The standard emf of the cell would be zero, because the anode and cathode are made of the same material, and thus have the same reduction potential. The cell emf however can be calculated using the Nernst equation, where the cell's emf will shift from the standard emf based on the natural logarithm of the quotient of reactants over products.

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To find the limiting reactant between carbon disulfide and oxygen, one evaluates the stoichiometric requirements of the reaction. Given 1.25 mol CS2 and 0.57 mol O2, oxygen is determined to be the limiting reactant as it is insufficient to react with all the CS2.

To determine the limiting reactant in the reaction between carbon disulfide (CS2) and oxygen (O2), where the products are carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2), the stoichiometric ratios from the balanced equation must be considered. The balanced chemical equation is CS2(l) + 3O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2SO2(g).

Given: 1.25 mol of CS2 and 0.57 mol of O2. We should calculate the theoretical amount of O2 needed to completely react with 1.25 mol of CS2. According to the equation, 1 mol of CS2 requires 3 mol of O2. Thus, 1.25 mol of CS2 would require 3.75 mol of O2 (1.25 mol × 3 mol/mol = 3.75 mol). Since only 0.57 mol of O2 is available and 3.75 mol is needed, oxygen is the limiting reactant because there is not enough oxygen to completely react with all of the carbon disulfide present.

Answer:

hi! the answer is:

m/s

Km/h

mph

Explanation:

hope this helps!! :)

Answer:

oh sorry i cant but i might think the answer is adaptive but if not someone correct me and ill change this response hope that i could help

Explanation:

The partial pressure of H2 in a closed vessel at 20°C, when the total pressure is 755.0 mmHg and the partial pressure of water vapor is 17.5 mmHg, is 737.5 mmHg.

The total pressure of the system is a combination of the pressures from the individual gases within it - in this case, hydrogen (H2) and water vapor. According to Dalton's Law of partial pressures, the total pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressures.

Given that the total pressure is 755.0 mmHg and the partial pressure of the water vapor is 17.5 mmHg at 20°C, we can calculate the partial pressure of H2 by subtracting the pressure of the water vapor from the total pressure. Therefore, the partial pressure of H2 is 755.0 mmHg - 17.5 mmHg = 737.5 mmHg.

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Given question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows.

The successive ionization energies of a certain third-period element are I1 = 577.9KJ/mol, I2 + 1820 KJ/mol, I3 = 2750 KJ/mol, I4 = 11600 KJ/mol, I5 = 14800 KJ/mol. what element do these ionization energies suggest? Explain your reasoning.

Explanation:

Ionization energy is defined as the energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from a neutral gaseous atom.

Here, given ionization energies belong to an element present in third period.

We know that second ionization energy will always be greater than third ionization energy.

For the given ionization energies, there is a huge  difference between third and fourth ionization energy. This means that there are three valence electrons present in the element.

This is because after losing three electrons it is difficult for the given element to lose fourth electron. Hence, [tex]IE_{4}[/tex] is high as compared to [tex]IE_{3}[/tex].

Hence, this element has 3 valence electrons and it belongs to 3A group of the periodic table.

Thus, we can conclude that the given unknown element is aluminium (Al).

The unknown element, suggested by the provided pattern of ionization energies, most likely has 3 valence electrons, which fits the characteristics of aluminum (Al). The significant increase in the fourth ionization energy suggests the removal of an electron from a stable noble gas core.

The pattern in ionization energies indicates that the unknown element contains 3 valence electrons. The ionization energy increases with each successive removal of an electron, however, the energy required for the fourth ionization is significantly larger than the previous one. This dramatic increase indicates that electrons are being removed from a stable noble gas configuration. Therefore, the element must have 3 valence electrons in its outermost shell and the nearest noble gas core underneath. This property is characteristic of elements in group 13 of the periodic table, and considering the given ionization values, the unknown element is most likely aluminum (Al).

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During the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of KI, I₂ will be formed at the anode.

It is process by which electric current is passed through a substance to effect a chemical change.

The chemical change is one in which the substance loses or gains an electron (oxidation or reduction).

In order for KI to undergo electrolysis it has to be in its molten state or aqueous state because this will enhance the migration of ions.

The following reactions and observations occur during the electrolysis of aqueous solution of KI.

At the anode,

Two reactions are like to occur that the one in which the I⁻ is oxidized to give I₂ and the one in which oxygen is formed from water but in both above only the case in which I₂ is produced is the one that is been observed because of the presence of the violet colour.

The equation of Reaction is given below;

2 I⁻ (aq) -------> I₂ (g) + 2 e⁻

Note that the I₂ is in gaseous form.

Hence, During the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of KI, I₂ will be formed at the anode.

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During the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of KI, iodine (I₂) will be produced at the anode due to the oxidation of iodide ions. Option D is correct.

This process involves the oxidation of iodide ions (I−), which can be represented by the half-reaction: 2I⁻(aq) → I₂(s) + 2e⁻. This indicates that iodide ions are oxidized to iodine solid and electrons are released in the process.

It is important to note that while water can also undergo oxidation to produce oxygen gas, the formation of iodine at the anode takes precedence over oxygen evolution because iodide ions are more easily oxidized than water molecules in this scenario.

Hence, D. is the correct option.

The complete question is:

content loaded

Predict which of the following will be formed at the anode in the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of KI. Predict which of the following will be formed at the anode in the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of KI.

A) O₂

B) H₂

C) K

D) I₂

Answer:

There would be around 2.7*10^24 molecules.

Explanation:

You have to multiply the amount of moles by Avogadro's number to get amount of molecules.

The statement for the number of molecules are contained in hydrogen gas "27.1 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules."

Chemical bonds hold two or more atoms together in a molecule. If they have more than single atom, the atoms can be the same (for example, an oxygen molecule has two oxygen atoms) or different (a water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom).

1 mole of water will be of 6.022 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules of H2O

Then,

= 4.5 mol × 6.022 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules

= 27.099 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules of H2O

≈ 27.1 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules of H2O

As a result, 4.5 moles of water contains 3.01 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules

Hence, the correct option is 27.1 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules.

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Answer:

The correct option is;

Not solid

Explanation:

Here we have that Jupiter is a planet of gas and that it is not made up of solid rocks or of metal.

According to the hint provided that defined the physical property of Jupiter, we have that Jupiter is not a solid

However, to say that Jupiter is windy planet is an overstatement because, the paragraph only describe the static physical substance condition of the planet Jupiter.

Answer:

A or Not Solid

Explanation:

Jupiter is entirely made of gas.

Final answer:

Tagatose is a ketohexose, a type of carbohydrate with a ketone group in the middle of its six-carbon chain and considered to be a D-sugar due its hydroxyl group orientation on the fifth carbon.

Explanation:

The carbohydrate tagatose can be classified by both the type of carbonyl group present and the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. Since tagatose has a carbonyl group in the middle of the carbon chain, it is classified as a ketose. Furthermore, because tagatose has six carbon atoms, it is called a hexose.

In the Fischer projection of D-tagatose, the presence of the carbonyl group linked to two other carbon atoms indicates that it is a ketonic sugar, hence a ketose. Additionally, since the molecule is a six-carbon sugar, it can further be categorized as a hexose. The D- configuration designation comes from the orientation of the hydroxyl group on the fifth carbon, and in the case of D-tagatose, this group is positioned on the right, confirming its D-configuration.

This is an incomplete question, here is a complete question.

Nitroglycerine (C₃H₅N₃O₉) explodes with tremendous force due to the numerous gaseous products. The equation for the explosion of Nitroglycerine is:

[tex]4C_3H_5N_3O_9(l)\rightarrow 12CO_2(g)+O_2(g)+6N_2(g)+10H_2O(g)[/tex]

A scientist conducts an experiment to characterize a bomb containing nitroglycerine. She uses a steel, ridge container for the test.

Volume of rigid steel container: 1.00 L

Molar mass of Nitroglycerine: 227 g/mol

Temperature: 300 K

Amount of Nitroglycerine tested: 227 g

Value for ideal gas constant, R: 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K

In a second experiment, the total pressure is observed to be 58 atm. what is the partial pressure of the water vapor produced?

Answer : The partial pressure of the water vapor is, 20.01 atm

Explanation :

First we have to calculate the moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex]

[tex]\text{Moles of }C_3H_5N_3O_9=\frac{\text{Given mass }C_3H_5N_3O_9}{\text{Molar mass }C_3H_5N_3O_9}=\frac{227g}{227g/mol}=1mol[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the moles of [tex]CO_2,O_2,N_2\text{ and }H_2O[/tex]

The balanced chemical reaction is:

[tex]4C_3H_5N_3O_9(l)\rightarrow 12CO_2(g)+O_2(g)+6N_2(g)+10H_2O(g)[/tex]

From the balanced chemical reaction we conclude that,

As, 4 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give 12 moles of [tex]CO_2[/tex]

So, 1 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give [tex]\frac{12}{4}=3[/tex] moles of [tex]CO_2[/tex]

and,

As, 4 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give 1 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex]

So, 1 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give [tex]\frac{1}{4}=0.25[/tex] moles of [tex]O_2[/tex]

and,

As, 4 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give 6 moles of [tex]N_2[/tex]

So, 1 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give [tex]\frac{6}{4}=1.5[/tex] moles of [tex]N_2[/tex]

and,

As, 4 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give 10 moles of [tex]H_2O[/tex]

So, 1 moles of [tex]C_3H_5N_3O_9[/tex] react to give [tex]\frac{10}{4}=2.5[/tex] moles of [tex]H_2O[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the mole fraction of water.

[tex]\text{Mole fraction of }H_2O=\frac{\text{Moles of }H_2O}{\text{Moles of }H_2O+\text{Moles of }CO_2+\text{Moles of }O_2+\text{Moles of }N_2}[/tex]

[tex]\text{Mole fraction of }H_2O=\frac{2.5}{2.5+3+0.25+1.5}=0.345[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the partial pressure of the water vapor.

According to the Raoult's law,

[tex]p_{H_2O}=X_{H_2O}\times p_T[/tex]

where,

[tex]p_{H_2O}[/tex] = partial pressure of water vapor gas  = ?

[tex]p_T[/tex] = total pressure of gas  = 58 atm

[tex]X_{H_2O}[/tex] = mole fraction of water vapor gas  = 0.345

Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:

[tex]p_{H_2O}=X_{H_2O}\times p_T[/tex]

[tex]p_{H_2O}=0.345\times 58atm=20.01atm[/tex]

Therefore, the partial pressure of the water vapor is, 20.01 atm

The partial pressure exerted by a gas in a mixture, depends on the mole

fraction of the gas and the pressure exerted by the mixture.

The partial pressure  of H₂O is 20 atm.

Reasons:

Given parameters are;

Explosion equation is 4C₃H₅N₃O₉ → 12CO₂(g) + O₂(g) + 6N₂(g) + 10H₂O(g)

Amount of nitroglycerine = 227 g

Molar mass of nitroglycerine = 227 g/mol

Required:

Partial pressure of the water vapor

Solution:

Number of moles of nitroglycerine in the reaction = 1 mole

Therefore;

Number of moles of CO₂ = 12/4 = 3 moles

Number of moles of O₂ = 0.25 moles

Number of nitrogen, N = 1.5 moles

Number of moles of H₂O = 2.5 moles

[tex]Mole \ fraction \ of \ H_2O, \ X_{H_2O} = \dfrac{2.5}{2.5 + 1.5 + 0.25 + 3} = \dfrac{10}{29}[/tex]

According to Raoults law, we have;

The partial pressure of H₂O = [tex]X_{H_2O} \times P_[/tex]

Therefore,  partial pressure  of H₂O = [tex]\dfrac{10}{29} \times 58[/tex] = 20 atm.

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