Determine if the following compounds are likely to have ionic or covalent bonds. a. Magnesium oxide (MgO) _______________ b. Strontium chloride (SrCl 2 ) _______________ c. Ozone (O 3 ) _______________ d. Methanol (CH 4 O) _______________ 2. Predict if a silver coin will conduct electricity

Answer:

Most common oxidation state of the chalcogens is -2, most common oxidation state of the halogens is -1.

Explanation:

For atomic radii, the chalcogens have a larger atomic radii than the halogens

This is because atomic radii decreases across the period due to increase in nuclear charge.

For ionic radii the chalcogens also have larger ionic radii than the halogens. This is because the chalcogens always carry a -2 charge compared to halogens that carry a -1 charge. Since -2 is the most common oxidation state for chalcogens and -1 is the most common oxidation state for the halogens.

In terms of oxidation states, the halogens show a higher value of common oxidation state -1 while for chalcogens is -2 even though +2, +4 and +6 oxidation states are also well known.

First ionization energy of halogens is greater than that of the chalcogens due to greater effective nuclear charge.

The second ionization energy of chalcogens is greater than that of the halogens.

Chalcogens have −2, +2, +4, and +6 whereas halogens have −1, +1, +3, +5, and +7 oxidation state.

The most common oxidation states of the elements of chalcogens are −2, +2, +4, and +6 while on the other hand,  the oxidation states of halogens such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are −1, +1, +3, +5, and +7. The chalcogens have larger atomic as well as ionic radii as compared to halogens because of the presence of less number of electrons in the outermost shell.

We know that when we moves from left to right in the periodic table, atomic radius decreases due to addition of extra electrons in the outermost shell. The attraction of nucleus on the additional electron increases which leads to movement of outermost shell nearer to nucleus.

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0.0047 M is the molarity of the NaCl solution.

A mole is defined as 6.02214076 × 10^{23} of some chemical unit, be it atoms, molecules, ions, or others. The mole is a convenient unit to use because of the great number of atoms, molecules, or others in any substance.

0.450 moles of NaCl are dissolved in 95.0 mL of water

[tex]Molality = \frac{Moles \;solute}{Volume \;of \;solution \;in \;litre}[/tex]

[tex]Molality = \frac{0.450}{95.0 mL}[/tex]

Molality = 0.004736842105 M = 0.0047 M

Hence, 0.0047 M is the molarity of the NaCl solution.

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To find the molarity of a NaCl solution with 0.450 moles of NaCl in 95.0 mL of water, divide the moles by the liters of solution to get a molarity of 4.74 M.

The question asks to calculate the molarity of a NaCl solution when 0.450 moles of NaCl are dissolved in 95.0 mL (0.0950 L) of water. To calculate the molarity (M), which is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution, we use the formula:

M = moles of solute / liters of solution

Substituting the given values: M = 0.450 moles / 0.0950 L = 4.74 M

This means the molarity of the NaCl solution is 4.74 M.

Answer:

Square planar

Explanation:

Ni^2+ is a d8 ion. It could exist in either a square planar or a tetrahedral geometry depending on the identity of the ligand. However, strong field ligands often lead to a square planar geometry owing to a greater crystal field splitting.

From the splitting diagrams of nickel II ion in tetrahedral and square planar geometries, it can easily be seen that a diamagnetic complex only arises from the square planar geometry.

Note that both tetrahedral and square planar geometries involve a coordination number of four.

Answer:

Liquid drain cleaner: Base

Milk: Acid

Explanation:

Would make sense to see this on the pH scale where anything above 7 is basic and below 7 is acidic.

The identification of each substance treated as an acid or substance should be Liquid drain cleaner: Base and Milk: Acid

Acid should be treated as the hydrogen that contained the substance where the proton should be donated to the other substance. While on the other hand, the base represent the molecule for accepting the hydrogen ion from an acid. Also if the pH scale should be above 7 so it should be treated base while below should be treated as the acid.

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Answer:

Limiting factors are resources or other factors in the environment that can lower the population growth rate. Limiting factors include a low food supply and lack of space. Limiting factors can lower birth rates, increase death rates, or lead to emigration.

Explanation:

Answer:

Sulphur is the element having atomic number 16. Its valency is 6 and forms anion.

Explanation:

Sulphur is the element having atomic number 16 and mass number 32 which means sulphur has 16 proton, 16 electron and 16 neutron. 2 electrons are present in the first shell, 8 electrons are present in the second shell and 6 electrons are present in the outermost shell. Sulphur requires 2 electrons to become stable so that's why sulphur take 2 electrons and become anion. its valency is 6 which means 6 electrons are present in the outermost shell of sulphur atom.

Answer:

1. Limiting reactant.

2. Product.

3. Theoretical yield.

4. Reactants.

5. Actual yield

Explanation:

1. The limiting reactant. The limiting reactant is the reagent that is completely up in the reaction.

2. Product. Product is the result obtained From a reaction and the amount of product formed is determined by the limiting reactant

3. Theoretical yield. This is the result obtained from the stoichiometry calculations.

4. Reactant. Reactant are the starting material for a chemical reaction. The amount of the reactants determines the theoretical yield (products)

5. Actual yield. This is the result obtained from the experiment carried out in the laboratory.

Answer:

.

Explanation:

Aluminium is a silvery-white, lightweight metal. It is soft and malleable. Aluminium is used in a huge variety of products including cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aeroplane parts. This is because of its particular properties.

Answer:

D) 18

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, by considering the given rate law:

[tex]r=k[A]^2[B][/tex]

We also take into account that the concentration of A is tripled and the concentration of B is doubled, therefore, we have:

[tex]r=k[3*A]^2[2*B][/tex]

Which results in an increasing factor of:

[tex]3^2*2=9*2=18[/tex]

By considering only the tripling and the doubling, thus, the answer is D) 18.

Regards.

Answer:

The air in our atmosphere is composed of molecules of different gases. ... While the composition doesn't change much as you travel up through the lower layers of the atmosphere, what does change is the number of molecules. As you travel higher, the air molecules become less plentiful.

Explanation:

Given its lack of a definite crystal structure, Marcie's shiny rock is likely a rock, not a mineral. Rocks are comprised of various minerals and other materials, which results in a less distinct structure compared to minerals.

Marcie's shiny rock is likely a rock, given its description. Rocks and minerals, while sharing some characteristics, have key differences. Both rocks and minerals are solid, naturally occurring substances. However, minerals, besides having a definite chemical composition, also possess a specific crystal structure. By confirming that Marcie's shiny rock does not have a definite crystal structure, it's safer to categorize it as a rock. Rocks are comprised of different minerals as well as other elements, making them less uniform than minerals. Rocks range from three basic types: igneous (from molten rock or lava), sedimentary (from the deposition and sedimentation of organic or inorganic particles), and metamorphic rock (undergone chemical alteration under high temperature and pressure).

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Marcie's rock is likely a rock, not a mineral, due to its lack of a definite crystalline structure. Although certain rocks with metallic content can be extraterrestrial, no indication is given to suggest this. The rock could be classified as metamorphic, sedimentary, or igneous, depending on its formation process.

Marcie's shiny rock, being solid, naturally occurring, and possessing a definite chemical composition, meets most criteria to be termed a mineral. However, a key aspect of a mineral is that it exhibits a definite crystalline structure, which her rock does not. Hence, it would better be described as a rock. Rocks can be an amalgamation of different minerals and do not require a specific crystalline structure to classify.

The identified characteristics of the rock, however, do not necessarily mean it is extraterrestrial in origin, as the provided references might suggest. While it is true that the irons and stony-irons with metallic content can be extraterrestrial, there is no indication given that Marcie's rock is metallic or contains iron. Therefore, it is unlikely a meteorite. It may require a laboratory analysis to confirm this.

It may be a metamorphic, sedimentary, or igneous rock, which are categories based on their geologic formation processes. Metamorphic rocks undergo physical and chemical alteration under high temperature and pressure, sedimentary rocks are formed from the sedimentation of particles, and igneous rocks originate from the solidification of magma or lava.

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Answer:

Acid: [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺

Base: H₂O

Conjugate base: [Al(H₂O)₅(OH)]²⁻

Explanation:

(a) For the reaction:

[Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺  + H₂O  ⇄  H₃O⁺ + [Al(H₂O)₅(OH)]²⁻

The acid: [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺

The base: H₂O

The conjugate base: [Al(H₂O)₅(OH)]²⁻    

According to the Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory, the reaction of an acid and base occurs by the exchange of a proton. The acid forms its conjugate base, and the base forms its conjugate acid in the reaction.

Hence, by the above definition, the [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺ is the acid that forms its conjugate base [Al(H₂O)₅(OH)]²⁻ and the H₂O is the base that forms its acid conjugate H₃O⁺ when they react and the  [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺ lose a proton to the H₂O.  

I hope it helps you!

Answer: 0.029 mol

Explanation:

According to avogadro's law, 1 mole of every substance occupies 22.4 L at STP and contains avogadro's number [tex]6.023\times 10^{23}[/tex] of particles.

The balanced chemical equation is:

[tex]C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}+12O_2\rightarrow 12CO_2+11H_2O[/tex]

To calculate the moles, we use the equation:

[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text {Molar Mass}}=\frac{10.0g}{342g/mol}}=0.029moles[/tex]

Thus there are 0.029 moles of sucrose

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Answer:

ΔH = -601.9 kJ/ mol Mg

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of the solid magnesium sample = 0.2475 grams

The heat capacity of calorimeter = 3024 J/°C

The temperature increases by 2.027 °C

Step 2: Calculate the heat transfer

q = Ccal * ΔT

⇒with q = the heat transfer

⇒with Ccal = the heat capacity of calorimete 3024 J/°C

⇒ΔT = The temperature increases by 2.027 °C

q = 3024 J/°C * 2.027 °C

q = 6129.6 J

Since this is an exothermic reaction, ΔH will be negative

Step 3:Calculate the heat associated with the burning of Mg

Heat = -6129.6 J / 0.2475 grams Mg

Heat = 24766 J/grams = -24.77 kJ /grams Mg

Heat = -24.77 kJ/ grams * 24.3 g/mol

ΔH = -601.9 kJ/ mol Mg

Answer:

0.083 moles KCl

Explanation:

We have 252 mL of 0.33 M KCl. "M" is molarity, and it's measured in mol/L. Since we know the molarity is 0.33 mol/L, in order to find how many moles 252 mL is, we need to multiply our given volume by the molarity.

However, our given volume is in mL, so let's convert to L first by dividing 252 by 1000 (because there are 1000 mL in 1 L):

252/1000 = 0.252 L

Now, we can multiply 0.252 L by 0.33 mol/L to get moles since the L units will cancel out:

0.252 L * 0.33 mol/L = 0.08316

We have two significant figures here, so round 0.08316 to 0.083.

The answer is 0.083 moles.

Hope this helps!

Answer:

Explanation:

Covalent catalysis is when a transient covalent bond is formed between substrate and residues such that so the enzyme nucleophilic group on an electrophilic moiety of the substrate is bound at the active site. Metal ion catalysis involves activating bound water through forming nucleophilic hydroxide ion.

Protonation or proton abstraction may be accomplished through the use of amino acids such as aspartate or Lysine in acid-base catalysis.

The term Catalysis is defined as the process of adding a catalyst to facilitate a reaction. During a chemical reaction, the bonds between the atoms in molecules are broken, rearranged, and rebuilt, recombining the atoms into new molecules.

Catalysis by covalent bonds the two-part catalytic process forms a covalent bond between enzyme and substrate (for example, chymotrypsin mechanism uses a nucleophilic functional group).

By changing the oxidation state, metal ion catalysis catalysts can participate in oxidation-reduction reactions.

Through ionic interactions, a Zn2+ cofactor may properly orient the substrate in the active site. May be involved in Fe2+ interactions.

All lowers activation energy or stabilizes the transition state or intermediate catalyst after the reaction occurs.

Thus, a proton is transferred between enzyme and substrate may use amino acids such as aspartate or Lysine for protonation or proton abstraction is called as acid-base catalysis.

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Your question is incomplete, most probably your question was

Enzymes use several types of catalytic mechanisms. Differentiate between acid-base catalysis, covalent catalysis, and metal ion catalysis.

A chemical system in equilibrium has its reactants and products present in constant concentrations, as the forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates in a closed system.

In a chemical system at equilibrium, the following is true:

Thus, the correct statement about a chemical system in equilibrium is that the amount of reactant changes but over time remains about the same, indicating that the reaction is dynamic with continuous forward and reverse processes.

Answer:

'L' is the variable for this number.

Answer:

initial temperature of metal : 100

initial temperature of water : 22.4

final temp of both 27.1

Explanation: that one is for aluminum so i don’t know which metal you needed if for though

Answer:

Initial metal= 100

Initial water= 22.7

Final Both= 24.6

Explanation: THESE ARE FOR COPPER

Answer:

0.425

Explanation:

Answer:

0.452

Explanation:

Answer:

So Carbon-14 has eight neutrons and Carbon-12 has six neutrons. Hope it helps!

Answer:

A carbon-12 atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons.

Answer:

it has 3 valence electrons

Explanation:

2+2+1 is 5, boron is 5 and its in the 3rd group

Answer:

Keq for the new temperature is 26.8

Explanation:

Let's propose the equilibrium:

2IF₅ +  I₄F₂  ⇄  3I₂  +  6F₂

Now we propose the situations:

                2IF₅     +      I₄F₂    ⇄    3I₂   +     6F₂

Initial      6 mol           8 mol           -              -

Initially we added 6 mol and 8 mol of our reactants  

React.        x                 x/2           3/2x         3x

By stoichiometry x amount has reacted, so a half of x react to the I₄F₂ and we finally produced 3/2x and 3x in the product side

Eq.          (6 - x)        (8 - x/2)        3/2x          3x

Notice we have the concentration left for the I₄F₂, so we can find the x value, the amount that has reacted:

8 - x/2 = 6

x = 4, so the concentrations in the equilibrium are:

2 moles of IF₅, 6 moles I₄F₂, 6 moles of I₂ and 12 moles of F₂

As we need molar concentration to determine Keq, we must divide the moles by the volume of the container:

2/10 = [IF₅] → 0.2 M

6/10 = [I₄F₂] → 0.6 M

6/10 = [I₂] → 0.6 M

12/10 = [F₂] → 1.2 M

Let's make, expression for Keq:

Keq = ([I₂]³ . [F₂]⁶) / [IF₅]² . [I₄F₂]

Keq = 0.6³ . 1.2⁶ / 0.2² . 0.6 → 26.8

Answer:

C= 0.532M

Explanation:

The equation of reaction is

H2SO4 + 2KOH = K2SO4+ H2O

nA= 1, nB= 2, CA= ?, VA= 48.9ml, CB= 1.5M, VB= 34.7ml

Applying

CAVA/CBVB = nA/nB

(CA× 48.9)/(1.5×34.7)= 1/2

Simplify

CA= 0.532M

Answer:

= 25 %

Explanation:

Given that :

the genotype attributed to  trolls having one eye  = (EE, Ee);  that is homzygous dominant or heterozygote dominant for eye number

Likewise those that posses two eyes have (ee) ; that is homzygous recessive

Now; two heterozygous one eyed trolls are crossed ; we have :

Ee  × Ee

The punnet square for this cross looks like what we have below:

               E                e

E              EE              Ee

e              Ee               ee

From the above cross; we have:

1   EE    ---- (homozygous dominant ) indicating troll having one eye

2  Ee    ---- ( heterozygote dominant ) indicating troll having one eye

1  ee    ----- ( homozygous recessive ) indicating troll having two eyes

The genotypic ratio is 1:2:1

Thus; the expected genotype ratio of the two eyed offspring = [tex]\frac{1}{4}*100[/tex]

= 25 %  

Answer:

25% is the expected genotype ratio of the two-eyed offspring.

Explanation:

║ E ║ e ║

E║ EE ║ Ee ║

e ║ eE ║ ee ║

Answer: Matter cannot be created or destroyed

Explanation: Balanced equations are set equations we cannot change one element or compound in the equation without changing the entire equation. So balanced equation show the conservation of mass because while other substances may be formed from the synthesis or decomposition of compounds new elements are never introduced and are not created out of thin air    :)

Answer:

Matter cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions. This is the law of conservation of mass. In every chemical reaction, the same mass of matter must end up in the products as started in the reactants. Balanced chemical equations show that mass is conserved in chemical reactions.

Answer:

they are characterized as a group by having 3 electrons in the outermost parts of their atomic structure. boron the lighter of these elements

The new volume of the soccer ball is 9 litres when temperature inside the can was 25°C and pressure remained constant.

Explanation:

Data given:

initial volume of the ball, V1 = 3.6 litres

temperature of the field, initial temperature, T1 = 10°C

temperature in the trash can, final temperature, T2 = 25 °C

pressure =constant throughout

volume of the ball when in trash can, final volume V2 =?

From the data given:

Charles' Law will be applied to know the volume of the ball in the can:

[tex]\frac{V1}{T1}=\frac{V2}{T2}[/tex]

putting the values in the equation after rearranging it:

V2 = [tex]\frac{V1T2}{T1}[/tex]

V2 = [tex]\frac{3.6 X 25}{10}[/tex]

V2 = 9 litres

The volume will be increased to 9 litres when ball will go inside the trash can.