Answer: Option (b) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Physical equilibrium is defined as a system in which there will occur no change in the physical state of substance. For example, at zero degree celsius water is present in both liquid and solid state as follows.
[tex]H_{2}O(l) \rightleftharpoons H_{2}O(s)[/tex]
For a system to be present in physical equilibrium is as follows.
The system must be a closed system.
It should be dynamic in nature.
There will occur no change in measurable property along with change in time.
Thus, we can conclude that ice floats in water at [tex]0^{o}C[/tex] this an example of physical equilibrium because no new substances form when the water molecules change state.
The gravitational force between two objects is 45,000 N. What will be the gravitational force between the two objects if the distance between the objects is reduced by one-half?
Answer:
180000 N
Explanation:
According to Newton's law of gravitation
F= G m1 m2 / r^2
This expression shows that if distance is reduced to half the gravitational force will increase 4 times.
An electric vehicle starts from rest and accelerates at a rate of 2.3 m/s2 in a straight line until it reaches a speed of 18 m/s. The vehicle then slows at a constant rate of 1.0 m/s2 until it stops. (a) How much time elapses from start to stop
Answer:
25.83s
Explanation:
Time taken by car to reach from 0 m/s to 18m/s
Using the kinematic equation,
V= u + at
18=0 + 2.3(t)
t= 18/2.3= 7.83s
Time to stop the top speed
V= u + at
18=0 + 1(t)
t = 18 / 1 = 18 s
total time is
=7.83s + 18s
= 25.83s
Final answer:
The time taken by the electric vehicle to go from start to stop is calculated by finding the time for both the acceleration phase (7.83 seconds) and the deceleration phase (18 seconds), summing up to approximately 25.83 seconds in total.
Explanation:
To calculate the total time elapsed from start to stop for the electric vehicle, we need to determine the time for both the acceleration phase and the deceleration phase. We use the kinematic equations for uniformly accelerated motion.
Acceleration Phase
The vehicle accelerates from rest, meaning the initial velocity ( extit{u}) is 0 m/s, at an acceleration ( extit{a}) of 2.3 m/s2, until it reaches a speed ( extit{v}) of 18 m/s.
Using the equation extit{v} = extit{u} + extit{a} extit{t}, we can find the time ( extit{t}) for this phase.
extit{Time for acceleration} = ( extit{v} - extit{u}) / extit{a} = (18 m/s - 0 m/s) / 2.3 m/s2 = 7.83 s (approximately)
Deceleration Phase
Now, we need to calculate the time it takes for the vehicle to decelerate from 18 m/s to rest (0 m/s) at a rate of 1.0 m/s2.
extit{Time for deceleration} = ( extit{v} - extit{u}) / extit{a} = (0 m/s - 18 m/s) / 1.0 m/s2 = -18 s (since deceleration is negative acceleration, the time would be positive).
Therefore, the total time is the sum of both phases:
extit{Total time} = extit{Time for acceleration} + extit{Time for deceleration} = 7.83 s + 18 s = 25.83 s
So, it takes approximately 25.83 seconds for the electric vehicle to go from starting to stop.
state laws of refraction
Answer:
The law of refraction states that the incident ray, the refracted ray, and the normal to the interface, all lie in the same plane.
HOPE IT HELPS^_^
Answer:
There are two laws of refraction. The behavior of light as it travels through different media is described by the rules of refraction, sometimes referred to as Snell's laws. These principles control how light is affected by a barrier between two transparent materials in terms of its direction and speed.
Explanation:
First Law of refraction:- The incident ray, the refracted ray, and the normal—a line perpendicular to the boundary—all reside on the same plane according to the first law of refraction. This indicates that when light travels through a barrier between two media, its orientation changes.
Second Law of refraction:- The second law of refraction states that there is a continuous relationship between the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction (i.e., the angle between the incident ray and the normal and the angle between the refracted ray and the normal). The refractive index is a ratio that is unique to the two media in question. This may be written mathematically as:
n₁ * sin(θ₁) = n₂ * sin(θ₂)
where n₁ and n₂ are the refractive indices of the two media, θ₁ is the angle of incidence, and θ₂ is the angle of refraction.
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In a parallel circuit, each resistor has:
A: no connection to the voltage source
B: a shared connection to the voltage source
C: its own connection to the voltage source
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Answer:
In a parallel circuit, each resistor has: its own connection to the voltage source.
Explanation:
what is the name of the farthest planet away from the sun
Answer:
It's Neptune:)
Explanation:
Answer:
Neptune is the eighth and farthest planet from the Sun, at a distance of about 4.5 billion km (2.8 billion miles) or 30.07 AU.
Explanation:
The range of wavelengths for visible light is from 3.9*10^-7m. What is the corresponding range of frequencies for visible light
Answer:
from 7.69×10¹⁵ Hz
Explanation:
Frequency: This can be defined as the number of complete cycle a wave complete in one seconds, the S.I unit of frequency is Hertz (Hz).
From the question,
v = λf............. Equation 1
Where v = speed of visible light in air, λ = wave length of visible light, f = frequency of visible light.
make f the subject of the equation
f = v/λ.................... Equation 2
Note: all electromagnetic wave have the same speed = 3×10⁸ m/s
Given: v = 3×10⁸ m/s, λ = from 3.9×10⁻⁷ m
Substitute into equation 2
f = 3×10⁸/ 3.9×10⁻⁷
f = 7.69×10¹⁵ Hz
Hence the range of the frequencies for visible light = from 7.69×10¹⁵ Hz
Final answer:
The range of frequencies for visible light, corresponding to wavelengths from about 400 nm to 700 nm, extends from approximately 4.28 × 10¹⁴ Hz to 7.50 × 10¹⁴ Hz.
Explanation:
The range of wavelengths for visible light is commonly accepted to be from about 400 nm to 700 nm. To find the corresponding range of frequencies for visible light, we use the formula c = λf, where c is the speed of light (≈ 3.00 × 10¸ m/s), λ is the wavelength in meters, and f is the frequency in hertz (Hz). For the visible light range, converting nanometers to meters (× 10⁻⁹), we calculate the frequencies at both ends of the spectrum: for 400 nm (4.00 × 10⁻⁷ m), the frequency is approximately 7.50 × 10¹⁴ Hz, and for 700 nm (7.00 × 10⁻⁷ m), it's approximately 4.28 × 10¹⁴ Hz. Therefore, the range of frequencies for visible light extends approximately from 4.28 × 10¹⁴ Hz to 7.50 × 10¹⁴ Hz.
You can determine the index of refraction of a substance by measuring its critical angle for total internal reflection. True or False
Answer:
True. Hope you have a good day, internet stranger. :)
A combustion reaction occurs when a substance reacts quickly with
Answer:
Oxygen
Explanation:
Any sort of combustion requires oxygen
two objects with the same mass move with the same speed but in opposite directions. A. Kinetic energies are equal B. Kinetic energies are opposite in magnitude C. Kinetic energies of the higher objects is greater D. Kinetic energy of the lower object is greater
this is the best answer for you
When two objects collide there will be a force acting on them both and their individual kinetic energies and momenta may alter. As you know already, energy is always conserved but in a collision some, or all of the kinetic energy may be ... of the same mass and traveling at the same speed but in opposite directions collided ...
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Using the formula 1/2mV² both kinetic energy are equal irrespective of the direction.
How many electrons are there in a diatomic oxygen molecule
Answer:
8 electrons
Explanation:
A bird is flying directly toward a stationary bird-watcher and emits a frequency of 1420 Hz. The bird-watcher, however, hears a frequency of 1456 Hz. What is the speed of the bird, expressed as a percentage of the speed of sound
Answer:
2.47 %
Explanation:
We are given;
Frequency emitted by source(bird); f_s = 1420 Hz
Frequency heard by observer; f_o = 1456 Hz
From doppler shift frequency, we know that;
f_o = f_s [c/(c - c_s)]
Where c_s is speed of source which is the bird and c is speed of sound.
Thus;
Rearranging the equation, we have;
f_s/f_o = (c - c_s)/c
f_s/f_o = 1 - (c_s/c)
Plugging in the relevant values to get ;
1420/1456 = 1 - (c_s/c)
0.9753 = 1 - (c_s/c)
1 - 0.9753 = (c_s/c)
(c_s/c) = 0.0247
Since we want it expressed im percentage,
Thus, (c_s/c) % = 0.0247 x 100 = 2.47 %
A cable-operated clutch is being adjusted. Technician A says that free travel is measured at the clutch pedal and should be between 3/4 and 1 inch (19 to 25 mm). Technician B says that the clutch spin-down time should be less than two seconds. Which technician is correct?
A) Technician A only
B) Technician B only
C) Both technicians
D) Neither technician
Answer: A
Technician A only
Explanation:
On a cable-operated clutch, the adjustment is made at the cable end. The clearance is usually measured either at the operating lever or at the pedal.
To perform efficiently, the clutch needs the right amount of play in the linkage between the foot pedal and the clutch operating lever
Anything less than the correct amount of free play (or clearance ) will result in clutch slip, because the pressure plate will be unable to exert its full pressure on the friction plate .
Failure to cure this fault will quickly lead to a burned-out friction plate, and possibly a ruined pressure plate.
When an object moves in a circular path, it accelerates toward the center of the circle as a result of ______.
A. terminal velocity B. momentum
C. centripetal force D. friction
Answer:
Centripetal acceleration
Explanation:
An object moving around a xirxular path maintains its route as a result of centripetal force. However, its acceleration is caused by centripetal acceleration. Despite centripetal acceleration not being among the choices, it is the right answer.
Centripetal acceleration helps an object that navigates around a circular path to accelerate while centripetal force enables the movement of an object around a circular path to move inwards. Momentum, given as one of the choices is product of mass and velocity while friction is the force opposing movement of an object around a surface.
The 3 stages of the water cycle are
Answer:
Evaporation, condensation, precipitation
Explanation:
Answer:
Evaporation, condensation, precipitation & collection
Explanation:
Consider a pipe of length 80.0 cm open at both ends. What is the lowest frequency f of the sound wave produced when you blow into the pipe?
Answer:
[tex]f = 214.375\ Hz[/tex]
Explanation:
Given,
Length of the Pipe, L = 80 cm
Frequency ,f = ?
Speed of sound, v = 343 m/s
Wavelength when pipe is open at both the ends
[tex]\lambda = 2 L[/tex]
[tex]\lambda = 2\times 80 = 160\ cm = 1.6\ m[/tex]
Fundamental frequency
[tex]f =\dfrac{v}{\lambda}[/tex]
[tex]f =\dfrac{343}{1.6}[/tex]
[tex]f = 214.375\ Hz[/tex]
Final answer:
The lowest frequency produced by an 80 cm pipe open at both ends is calculated using the fundamental frequency formula for open pipes. It is found to be approximately 214 Hz, with the speed of sound at room temperature taken as 343 m/s.
Explanation:
To find the frequency, we need to consider the fundamental frequency for an open pipe, which is given by the equation f = v / (2L), where f is the frequency, v is the speed of sound in air, and L is the length of the pipe. At 20°C, the speed of sound in air is approximately 343 m/s. So, when we substitute the given values, we have:
f = 343 m/s / (2 × 0.80 m) = 214.38 Hz.
Therefore, the lowest frequency the pipe can produce, also known as the first harmonic or fundamental frequency, is approximately 214 Hz.
The Sun formed, probably along with other stars, within a large ____
A ____ consists of two stars that orbit each other every few days
A ____ is a "star" so small in mass that its core never gets hot enough to sustain nuclear fusion reactions.
Most of the gas remaining from the process of star formation is swept into interstellar space by a ____
As a protostar's internal temperature increases, its growing ___ helps slow its contraction due to gravity.
Answer:
The Sun formed, probably along with other stars, within a large molecular cloud
A close binary consists of two stars that orbit each other every few days
A brown dwarf is a "star" so small in mass that its core never gets hot enough to sustain nuclear fusion reactions.
Most of the gas remaining from the process of star formation is swept into interstellar space by a protostellar wind
As a protostar's internal temperature increases, its growing thermal pressure helps slow its contraction due to gravity.
Explanation:
: ) Hope this helps!
Twin space probes have a mass of 722 kg each. If the gravitational force between the two space probes is 8.61
10-16 N. what is the distance between them?
7.48 x 103 meters
Answer:200×10^5 meters
Explanation:
Answer:
200×10^5 meters
Explanation:
EDGE
Match the following
1. unit an object that orbits the Sun, is spherical, and has cleared its orbit of other large objects
2. an object that orbits the sun and is large enough for its gravity to make it spherical but that is too small to have cleared its orbit of all other large objects
3. the four inner planets; named for their rocky crusts
4.the four outer planets of the solar system; named for their high concentrations of hydrogen and helium
5. planets a unit of measurement based on the average distance of the earth from the sun; one unit equals 149.6 million kilometers
a. astronomical
b. dwarf planet
c. gas giants
d. planet
e. terrestrial
The definitions correctly match to Planet, Dwarf planet, Terrestrial, Gas giants, and Astronomical unit, respectively. These terms refer to objects and measurements relevant to astronomy and the solar system.
Explanation:
The correct matches for the given definitions are:
1. Planet - unit an object that orbits the Sun, is spherical, and has cleared its orbit of other large objects.
2. Dwarf planet - an object that orbits the sun and is large enough for its gravity to make it spherical but that is too small to have cleared its orbit of all other large objects.
3. Terrestrial - the four inner planets; named for their rocky crusts.
4. Gas giants - the four outer planets of the solar system; named for their high concentrations of hydrogen and helium.
5. Astronomical unit - a unit of measurement based on the average distance of the earth from the sun; one unit equals 149.6 million kilometers.
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Technician A says that a good relay should measure between 60 and 100 ohms across the coil terminals. Technician B says that OL should be displayed on an ohmmeter when touching terminals 30 and 87. Which technician is correct?
Answer:
i think i dont exactly know the answer but that is only because i didnt read the question
A 12 volt car battery is connected to a 3 ohm brake light. What is the current carrying energy to the lights?
Answer:
4 A
Explanation:
V = IR, where V=voltage, I=current, R=resistance. This is Ohm's Law. (remember that for units V = volts, Ω = ohms, A = amperes.)
V = IR
12 V = I * 3 Ω
12/3 = I
I = 4 A
The current flowing through the 3-ohm brake light connected to a 12-volt car battery is 4 amperes (A).
To find the current carrying energy to the 3-ohm brake light on a 12-volt car battery, we use Ohm's Law, which states that current (I) is equal to the voltage (V) divided by resistance (R). In this case, the voltage is 12 volts, and the resistance is 3 ohms.
Applying Ohm's Law: I = V / R
I = 12V / 3Ω
I = 4A.
Therefore, the current through the brake light is 4 amperes (A).
The electrical resistance of a metallic conductor is inversely proportional to its
Answer:
Cross sectional area
Explanation:
Resistance of a metallic conductor is the measure of its opposition to the flow of electric current. Resistance is known to be directly proportional to the temperature which means as the temperature is increased, its resistance increases too and vice versa.
The resistance however has an inverse relationship with the cross sectional area of the metallic conductor. This means as the resistance increases the cross sectional area decreases and vice versa.
The bob of a simple pendulum has its maximum kinetic energy at the
Answer:
The bob of simple pendulum has its maximum kinetic energy at mean position.
Explanation:
A simple pendulum is a device which consists of mass m hanging from the string of length L attached to the some point.When displaced and released its swings back and forth with periodic motion.
The simple pendulum swings from the mean position to the extreme position and back to mean position and again the extreme position on the other side completing one oscillation.
The velocity varies with oscillation.
The velocity of bob in the extreme position is zero.
The velocity of pendulum is maximum at the mean position and hence has maximum kinetic energy because K.E =0.5 mv².
The law of conservation of energy helps us to understand it .
The height of the bob is at least when it is in the mean position, so when we move to the extreme position on the right side it is at slightly raised height and all its energy is potential energy as it is slightly motionless.As kinetic energy is zero the velocity is zero.
At mean position all energy is kinetic and velocity is maximum.
The bob of a simple pendulum has its maximum kinetic energy at the bottommost position of its swing. This is because as the pendulum swings down, potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, reaching maximum speed and maximum kinetic energy at the bottom.
Explanation:The bob of a simple pendulum has its maximum kinetic energy at the bottommost position of its swing. This is because kinetic energy is associated with the motion of the bob. When the pendulum is at its highest point (at each end of the swing), it momentarily stops and thus has no kinetic energy - instead, there's potential energy. When it falls down and reaches the bottom of its swing, or the mean position, all the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, achieving maximum speed and thus maximum kinetic energy.
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A horizontal force of at least 150N is required to start moving a 750N crate initialy at rest on a horizontal fioor the coefficient of static friction between the crate and the floor is?
Answer:A 25 kg block is initially at rest on a rough, horizontal surface. A horizontal ... The coefficient of static friction between a 10 kg object and the floor is 0.50.
Explanation:
What type of path does a tornado take if it touches down?
Answer:
It is very hard to predict
Explanation:
A tornado usually follows a narrow and relatively straight
path. but A tornado's path is extremely unpredictable. It could go straight, curvy, maybe even in a loop. However, a tornado will generally go in the direction of its storm.
A 121 turn 121 turn circular coil of radius 2.85 cm 2.85 cm is immersed in a uniform magnetic field that is perpendicular to the plane of the coil. Over an interval of 0.179 s 0.179 as, the magnetic field strength increases from 55.1 mT 55.1 mT to 97.9 mT 97.9 mT. Find the magnitude of the average emf E avg Avg induced in the coil during this time interval, in millivolts.
Answer:
0.074 V
Explanation:
Parameters given:
Number of turns, N = 121
Radius of coil, r = 2.85 cm = 0.0285 m
Time interval, dt = 0.179 s
Initial magnetic field strength, Bin = 55.1 mT = 0.0551 T
Final magnetic field strength, Bfin = 97.9 mT = 0.0979 T
Change in magnetic field strength,
dB = Bfin - Bin
= 0.0979 - 0.0551
dB = 0.0428 T
The magnitude of the average induced EMF in the coil is given as:
|Eavg| = |-N * A * dB/dt|
Where A is the area of the coil = pi * r² = 3.142 * 0.0285² = 0.00255 m²
Therefore:
|Eavg| = |-121 * 0.00255 * (0.0428/0.179)|
|Eavg| = |-0.074| V
|Eavg| = 0.074 V
Answer:
The magnitude of the average EMF = 73.83 mv
Explanation:
From faradays law of induction, EMF is given as;
EMF = NA(ΔB/Δt)
We are given that;
N = 121 turns
B1 = 55.1 mT
B2 = 97.9 mT
Thus, ΔB = 97.9 mT - 55.1 mT = 42.8 mT
t = 0.179 s
r = 2.85cm = 0.0285 m
Area = πr² = π x (0.0285)² = 0.0025518 m²
Plugging in the relevant values, we can calculate EMF as;
EMF = (121)(0.0025518)(42.8 mT/0.179) = 73.83 mv
The average intensity of light emerging from a polarizing sheet is 0.708 W/m2, and that of the horizontally polarized light incident on the sheet is 0.960 W/m2. Determine the angle that the transmission axis of the polarizing sheet makes with the horizontal.
Answer:
Angle θ = 30.82°
Explanation:
From Malus’s law, since the intensity of a wave is proportional to its amplitude squared, the intensity I of the transmitted wave is related to the incident wave by; I = I_o cos²θ
where;
I_o is the intensity of the polarized wave before passing through the filter.
In this question,
I is 0.708 W/m²
While I_o is 0.960 W/m²
Thus, plugging in these values into the equation, we have;
0.708 W/m² = 0.960 W/m² •cos²θ
Thus, cos²θ = 0.708 W/m²/0.960 W/m²
cos²θ = 0.7375
Cos θ = √0.7375
Cos θ = 0.8588
θ = Cos^(-1)0.8588
θ = 30.82°
An alternating emf source with amplitude 14.9 14.9 V and an adjustable driving frequency f d fd is connected in series with a 59.4 59.4 Ω resistor and a 23.7 23.7 μF capacitor. At what value of f d fd are the amplitudes of the voltages across the resistor and capacitor equal?
Answer:
113.0 Hz
Explanation:
In a RC circuit with alternating current, the voltage across the resistor is given by Ohm's Law:
[tex]V_R = IR[/tex]
where
I is the current in the circuit
R is the resistance of the resistor
While the voltage across the capacitor is given by:
[tex]V_C = IX_C[/tex]
where
[tex]X_C=\frac{1}{2\pi f C}[/tex] is the impedance of the capacitor, where
f is the frequency
C is the capacitance
The voltages across the resistor and the capacitor are equal when
[tex]V_R = V_C[/tex]
So
[tex]IR=\frac{I}{2\pi fC}[/tex]
Which can be rewritten as
[tex]f=\frac{1}{2\pi RC}[/tex]
In this problem:
[tex]R=59.4\Omega[/tex] is the resistance
[tex]C=23.7\mu F = 23.7\cdot 10^{-6}F[/tex] is the capacitance
Substituting, we find the frequency at which this happens:
[tex]f=\frac{1}{2\pi (59.4)(23.7\cdot 10^{-6})}=113.0 Hz[/tex]
The value of fd represents the amplitudes of the voltages across the resistor and capacitor equal to 113.0 Hz.
Ohm law:Here
V = IR
Here.
I is the current in the circuit
R is the resistance of the resistor
Now the voltage across the capacitor and resistor should be provided by
Vr = Vc
IR = 1/2πFc
Here
f = 1 /2πRC
So,
= 1/2π(59.4)(23.7.10^-60
= 113.0 Hz
Hence, The value of fd represents the amplitudes of the voltages across the resistor and capacitor equal to 113.0 Hz.
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Let us suppose the magnitude of the original Coulomb force between the two charged spheres is F. In this scenario, a third sphere touches the grey sphere and the red sphere multiple times, being grounded each touch. If the grey sphere is touched twice, and the red sphere is touched three times, what is the magnitude of the Coulomb force between the spheres now?
Answer:
Answer: F/32
Explanation:
Initial electrostatic force between sphere = F = kQq/r2
Each time the third sphere touches the red or grey sphere the charges in it is reduced to half as half the charges are tranferred into the third sphere. So that both spheres have equal charges
The 3rd sphere touches the grey sphere 2 times, if the initial charge in it is Q ,final charge will be Q / (2x2) = Q/4
In the red sphere if the initial charge was q, then final charge after the 3rd sphere touches it 3 times = q/(2x2x2) =q/8
The magnitude of the Coulomb force between the spheres = kQq/(r2x4x8) = F/32
Answer:
F/32
Explanation:
GIVEN
that the electrostatic force between sphere = F = kQq/r2
ANSWERED
Any time, third sphere touches the red or grey sphere the charges in it, will reduced to half, also, as half the charges are moved into the third sphere. That makes both spheres have equal charges (grounded) .
Also, the 3rd sphere tries to touch the grey sphere two times. Then, when we have initial charge in it to be Q, then, the final charge will be given has Q / (2x2) = Q/4
The similarly with the red sphere, has the initial charge was q, so we have last charge after the third sphere has touches it three times = q/(2x2x2) =q/8
Therefore,given that the new coulombs force = kQq/(r2x4x8) = F/32
V LESSON 4 Check
1. Classify What kind of material transmits
some light, making objects behind it appear
blurry?
Answer:
Some objects are wax paper, newspaper, and white pape
Answer:
the correct answer is Translucent
A ball rolls from x=-5 to x=32.4 m in 8.9 seconds. What was it’s average velocity
Answer:
4.157 m/s
Explanation:
Average velocity: This can be defined as the ratio change in position to time interval. The S.I unit of average velocity is m/s
The expression for average velocity is given as,
V = Δx/t.............. Equation 1
Where V = average velocity, Δx = change in position on the x- axis, t = time.
But,
Δx = x₂-x₁........... Equation 2
Substitute equation 2 into equation 1
V = (x₂-x₁)/t................ Equation 3
Given: x₂ = 32.4 m, x₁ = -5 m, t = 8.9 s
Substitute into equation 3
V = [32.4-(-5)]/8.9
V = (32.4+5)/8.9
V = 37.4/8.9
V = 4.157 m/s
Hence the average velocity = 4.157 m/s
Answer:
v = 4.20m/s
Average velocity is 4.20m/s
Explanation:
Average velocity is the change in displacement per unit time;
v = ∆x/t
Given;
∆x = 32.4 - (-5) = 37.4 m
t = 8.9 seconds
Substituting the values;
v = 37.4m/8.9s
v = 4.20m/s
Average velocity is 4.20m/s