In the late 1950s, a doctor reported in the journal of the american medical association that stomach ulcers could be effectively treated by having a patient swallow a balloon connected to some tubes that circulated a refrigerated fluid. he argued that, by super-cooling the stomach, acid production was reduced and the ulcer relieved. all 24 of his patients whom received the treatment were healed. why does this fall short of qualifying as an example of the scientific method

Answers

Answer 1
It falls short because There was no control group with which to compare his patients who received the treatment.
Which men that in the experiment above, nothing could prove that the improvement is directly caused by the refrigerated fluid.
If there is a control group, researchers could see whether the refrigerated fluid played any relevant role in the improvement.
Answer 2

The balloon method for treating ulcers does not align with the scientific method, which requires controlled experiments, reproducibility, and peer review. Marshall and Warren's discovery that H. pylori bacteria cause ulcers and can be treated with antibiotics provided a scientifically validated alternative treatment approach.

The treatment method involving swallowing a balloon to treat stomach ulcers by super-cooling the stomach lacks adherence to the scientific method because it does not seem to involve controlled experiments, reproducibility, or peer review. Additionally, by the 1980s, Dr. Barry Marshall and Dr. Robin Warren provided direct evidence that the bacteria H. pylori were the cause of most peptic ulcers, effectively treating them with antibiotics instead of cooling methods. Their persistence led to a paradigm shift in the medical treatment of ulcers despite initial skepticism from the medical community, which heavily relied on acid blockers and doubted the role of bacteria in such conditions. This historical context highlights the importance of utilizing the scientific method — with rigorous testing, publishable results, and acceptance by the scientific community — to validate medical treatments.


Related Questions

According to the greeks, what was the similarity between the olympians and humans?

Answers

According to the Greeks, humans were made in the God's image (much like the idea that God made man in his image in Christianity).

A coach has an opportunity to help athletes develop socially by encouraging them to do what?

a. develop good health habits.

b. improve their physical conditioning.

c. learn cooperation in a competitive context.

d. learn to ignore their emotions.

e. realize that society rewards winning.

Answers

The correct answer should be C. learn cooperation in a competitive context.
The coach understands that the society in general is very competitive so he wants to prepare his athletes for the real world. Cooperation within a team is important because it develops people skills among athletes, and if they can cooperate with their team members, they will be able to develop their social lives as well.
Final answer:

A coach can aid in the social development of athletes by promoting cooperation within the competitive nature of sports, aligning with educational goals that emphasize teamwork and community.

Explanation:

A coach has the opportunity to help athletes develop socially by encouraging them to learn cooperation in a competitive context. This approach aligns with the broader educational objective to socialize children and young individuals by exposing them to situations that require teamwork, preparing them for cooperative scenarios in adult life. Moreover, fostering social skills such as cooperation helps build a sense of community and emphasizes the importance of working together to achieve common goals, which is a valuable life lesson.

A mother is tying her own shoes in front of her toddler. she is using exaggerated, slow movements to tie her shoes. she is:

Answers

What we know so far:
The doer of the act is the MOTHER.
The reciever of the act is the MOTHER's SHOES.
The manner by which the MOTHER is tying her SHOES is EXAGGERATED, SLOW MOVEMENTS.
The audience of the act is the TODDLER.

What can be concluded:
*The MOTHER is trying to ANNOY the TODDLER by tying her SHOES exaggeratedly slow.
*The MOTHER doesn't know how to tie her SHOES.
*The MOTHER is SHOWING the TODDLER how to properly TIE a SHOE by setting herself as the example while tying her SHOES in an exaggerated, slow movements.

ANSWER:
The most popular and correct answer would be:
The MOTHER is SHOWING the TODDLER how to properly TIE a SHOE by setting herself as the example while tying her SHOES in an exaggerated, slow movements.

The mother is modeling behavior for her toddler, teaching by demonstration in a way that meets her child's developmental ability to learn how to tie shoes.

A mother who is tying her own shoes in front of her toddler using exaggerated, slow movements is likely engaging in an instructional or modeling behavior. She is demonstrating to her toddler, who is at a developmental stage where they are able to put on simple clothes without help, how to perform a task by breaking it down into more observable and manageable parts. This method of teaching allows the child to grasp the concept of the task more easily and is a common practice in early childhood development. The mother might be cognizant of false self-training, which involves holding a child to adult standards while denying their developmental needs, and instead is meeting her child at their current level of understanding.

As a strong believer of the influence of experience, john locke would emphasize the role of ____ in human development.

Answers

The correct answer should be Nature

What is a criticism of baumrind's classification of parenting styles?

Answers

The correct answer is "He focused too much on the attitudes of the parents and not enough on the daily interactions". Diana Baumrind is a psychological development theorist, studied the behavior of the child and noticed that this was different depending on the type of parenting style of the parents. But critics say Diana does not do enough research on the child's daily interactions in their environment.

Gerrymandering is the process by which congressional districts are redistributed between the states based on changes in population

Answers

Gerrymandering is the process where congressional districts are redrawn in a way to keep one party in power. They are often very oddly shaped. Cities and towns can be a part of 3-4 districts. By cutting up a district that was strongly one party you can add more members of the party that is already in power. Both political parties are guilty or redrawing lines to help themselves stay in power. 

A higher-than-usual divorce rate occurs among couples who

Answers

There are several reasons why couples get a divorce, and here are the most usual ones:
- if they have been divorced before, or if their parents were divorced when they were still kids
- if they married at a young age (anything before 20s)
- if they had children very quickly after getting married
These are some of the reasons why couples might get a divorce and why there are so many of them. 

A student who needs support only occasionally would relate to which level of intellectual disability?

Answers

I believe the answer is Intermittent intellectual disabilities.
Intermittent intellectual disabilities refers to The type of intellectual disabilities that still allowed the individuals to function without assistance for most of the time. Example of intermittent intellectual disabilities would be someone who had a dyslexia.

A poll showed voters prefer that members of Congress act as delegates. How might we expect the effect of this to differ between senators and representatives?

Answers

The answer is: they know their term in office means an election is right around the corner.
When election is around the corner, the term that most commonly used in office would be repeated constantly in news media. This increase the usage of the office terms that would not commonly heard otherwise.

Final answer:

The preference for Congress members to act as delegates affects senators and representatives differently due to their distinct roles. Representatives tend to closely follow the delegate model, employing public opinion polling to enact constituents' wishes. Senators, representing entire states, may adopt a more deliberate approach, considering nationwide impacts.

Explanation:

A poll showed voters prefer that members of Congress act as delegates. Considering this preference, we can expect the effect to differ between senators and representatives due to their respective roles and how they perceive their duty to their constituents. Representatives, who are elected to represent limited, geographically defined districts, might adhere more closely to the delegate model of representation. They are expected to directly enact the wishes of their constituents, employing public opinion polling and other means to gauge the views of the people in their districts before voting on legislation. In contrast, senators, who represent the entire state, are more inclined to consider the impact of legislation on the nation as a whole, potentially adopting a more deliberate approach in their decision-making process. Despite the tendency of representatives to more closely follow the delegate model, the reality of political representation is complex, with both senators and representatives at times navigating between acting as delegates or trustees, as well as balancing the often contradictory demands of their constituents, the party, interest groups, and their personal beliefs.

Ethics are beliefs about what is right and wrong.
a. True
b. False

Answers

that is true true true

Answer:

True

Explanation:

The blue car approaches a curve at 45 mph. the posted speed limit is 35 mph. what should the driver do?

Answers

Hey There! 

How are you doing? I am currently studying for my Drivers Permit, so I have an idea about this. When you approach a curve, you should always enter it at at about 20 miles per hour, and go less as the approach the tighter section of the curve. In this case, he should slow down, but not jam the breaks, as theirs people behind him/her. so, slowing down slowly, and maintaining your car would be the answer. Anyways shouldn't be speeding but...drivers in this world :') Hope I helped, Contact me for more assistance!

Thank you,
Darian D.

pull the hand break and drift.

Yongmei is studying for her math test. her boyfriend marcus asks if she can go to the movies with him. she would love to go, but she knows she has to study for the math test in order to pass the class. according to freud, which part of yongmei's personality will say, "you must stay home and study because passing the class is necessary for you to graduate."

Answers

Her superego because it is part of the personality that is the moral conscience.

What do you call a group of factory foreman who sing while drinking tab cola worksheet answers?

Answers

The correct answer is the Foremen Tab.

The factory foremen are called or referred to as the Foremen Tab, since they drink Tab Cola, while they are singing. A Foreman is known as an individual, who supervises and directs a team or group of workers to do their work better. He is considered to be a worker as well.
A group of factory foreman who sings while drinking tab cola is called:

The foremen tab and apple choir.

The factory foremen are called the Foremen Tab since they drink Tab Cola, while they are singing.
A foreman supervises and coordinates the work of a crew of workers in a specific craft or trade. Foremen are primarily concerned with seeing that the workers under them do their job skillfully and efficiently, and that assigned work progresses on schedule.

What does the term "indemnity" mean as it pertains to insurance?

Answers

Indemnity or insurance is a reimbursement for damages, destruction or forfeiture, and in the legal sense, it may also refer to an exclusion from legal responsibility for damages. The perception of indemnity is based on a predetermined arrangement made between two parties, wherein one party approves to pay for probable losses or forfeiture produced by the other party. A typical illustration is an insurance agreement, whereby the insurer decides to recompense the indemnitee for any destruction or losses, in return for rewards paid by the insured to the person underwrites an insurance jeopardy.

When conducting a research study, sociologists follow the ___________________, which refers to a structured way to find answers to questions about the world?

Answers

 When conducting a research study, sociologists follow the scientific method, which refers to a structured way to find answers to questions about the world?

Sociologists employ the scientific method as a structured approach to conduct research studies and answer questions about societal patterns and problems.

When conducting a research study, sociologists follow the scientific method, which refers to a structured way to find answers to questions about the social world. This method involves a systematic, organized series of steps that ensure objectivity and consistency in exploring social problems. These steps include asking a research question, researching existing sources, formulating a hypothesis, designing the research study, collecting and analyzing data, and drawing conclusions. Additionally, some sociologists may adopt an interpretive framework rather than the scientific method, further reflecting the diversity of approaches within sociological research.

Tatiana is afraid of letting people get really close to her. she breaks up with her boyfriend because she says he is afraid of intimacy. tatiana may be using the defense mechanism known as

Answers

The correct answer is projection. This is a form of dense in which an individual’s unwanted feelings are likely to be displaced to another person as the individual feels that the person appears to be a threat that are coming from the external world.

According to developmentalists, an infant's grimace of disgust is an example of

Answers

According to developmentalists, an infant's grimace of disgust is an example of nonverbal encoding.
The term encoding describe the act of generating information. It includes act such as facial expressions, gestures, and postures.
The infant's grimace is an encoding.The encoding is wordless and that is way is nonverbal.

An infant's grimace of disgust is a developmental signal used to regulate social interaction, indicating withdrawal from certain stimuli and affecting how infants react to their environment.

According to developmentalists, an infant's grimace of disgust is an example of facial expressions acting as regulators of social interaction. Research shows that infants respond differently to facial expressions from adults; for example, a study by Bradshaw in 1986 found that expressions of disgust can inhibit a child's desire to touch an object. Later studies, such as one by Hertenstein & Campos in 2004, confirmed these findings and further demonstrated that facial expressions convey emotion, which in turn affects infants' behaviors towards elements of the environment.

The grimace of disgust in infants can function as a withdrawal response to certain stimuli, which is a natural part of their developmental process. As infants interact with their surroundings, they learn to interpret and respond to various emotional cues. These expressions and reactions are critical for their development and help in establishing successful interactions with others as they grow.

Marie is a graduate student whose major area of interest is personality psychology. you should expect that marie is most interested in

Answers

Marie is interested in "The internal factors that lead people to act consistently across a variety of situations". The personality is one of the main factors investigated by psychologists, this involves analyzing the individual and the way he reacts to his environment.

I hope my answer can help you.

What is the term for behavior that is related to doing a certain job? interpersonal behavior assertive behavior performance behavior potential behavior disruptive behavior?

Answers

Answer:

The term for behavior that is related to doing a certain job is potential behavior.

Explanation:

Through life, humans, like other animal species, have different phases of growth and each of these is branded by different set of physical, physiological, and behavioral features. These phases go from the acquisition of language until the development of social skills that help to make certain activities; like perform good or bad at a certain job. For instance, the term that is related to do a certain a job is the potential behavior. This term gives key aspects to know how someone can behave when develop job skills. Also, the potential behavior is shape by the way of living, the social strata and other aspect of the culture and context in which the person is immerse.

Final answer:

The term for behavior related to doing a certain job is 'Performance Behavior'. This behavior is typically dictated by the social role associated with the job and the professional context. Human behavior can vary greatly between different social and professional contexts.

Explanation:

The term for behavior that is related to doing a certain job is Performance Behavior. This is the behavior exhibited directly in response to the demands or requirements of a particular job or professional role. For example, a teacher exhibits performance behavior when they prepare lessons, teach students, and assess assignments. Performance behavior varies based on the social role associated with the job and is often dictated by the professional context and requirements.

As an example, one major social determinant of human behavior is our social roles. A social role is a pattern of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting or group. If you observe a working scenario, you will see employees engaging in professional behavior, adhering to norms and expectations of their roles.

In different social contexts, such as a family gathering or academic settings, the behavioral expectations may differ considerably. Hence, a person's behavior can often be seen to shift according to their role in that context, whether it be familial, professional, or otherwise.

Learn more about Performance Behavior here:

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Television commercials have been seen advertising special sunglasses that allow differing amounts of light to the left or right eye, thereby helping to treat mood disorders. because there is no science that supports these claims, this product demonstrates the principle of __________.

Answers

 Because there is no science that supports the claim that there are special sunglasses that allow differing amounts of light to the left or right eye and thereby helping to treat mood disorders, these special sunglasses demonstrate the principle of extraordinary claims. Extraordinary evidence is required in order this statement to be true and proofed. 
The correct answer is the principle of extraordinary claims

.In 1979, an astronomer, Carl Sagan, stated that "Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence". By this he meant that claims that cannot be backed up by scientific evidence are highly questionable. In this instance, where television commercials advertise special sunglasses that allow differing amounts of light to the left or right eye,there is no scientific evidence that these "special sunglasses" function this way, thus demonstrating the principle of extraordinary claims.

A client who was a victim of domestic violence for years states to the nurse, "i know i should not feel this way, but every time i think of my former spouse, i get a horrible headache and have to go lie down." which nursing intervention reflects practice according to the pattern theory?

Answers

The nursing intervention that includes asking client how sensory stimuli produces pain reflects practice according to the Pattern Theory of pain. The Pattern theory of pain states that specific pain receptors transmit signals to a "pain center" in the brain that produces the perception of pain.

Which term identifies the upper class in republican roman society?

Answers

I believe that term was: Patricians
Patricians includes all powerful and wealthy families in Roman. Since the status as Patricians was acquired through Birth Alone, the existence of Patricians children that never understand the struggle of common citizens built up resentment among them.

In close relationships: 1. positive events have greater psychological impact than negative events do. 2. positive and negative events have roughly the same impact. 3. negative events have greater psychological impact than positive events do. 4. positive events have greater impact in the early stages of relationships, but negative events have greater impact later on.

Answers

The correct answer is C. negative events have a great psychological impact than positive events. This is because our brain processes negative information in a different way, so we usually use more energy to think about the bad situation than that used in a positive situation, so finally we will remember better the bad situation.

I hope the answer can help you.

When children role play and pretend to be adults they are engaging in the form of?

Answers

The children are likely to be in engaged to socialization. Socialization is being defined as a process in which individual engages in, by means of having to gain knowledge or learn standards and as well as expectations of their society or culture that they are living at.

What private organizations attempts to influence public officials to act or vote in ways that will benefit the group's members?

Answers

The private organization that attempts to influence the public officials to act or vote in ways that will benefit the groups’ members is the interest group. It is because the interest group is a group in which each members shares the same concerns or attempts in means to influence the public policy that will be in their favor.

Answer choices to this question are:

1. Market research group
2. Free enterprise group
3. Public policy group
4. Interest group

Answer:

The private organizations which attempt to influence public officials to act or vote in ways that will benefit the group's members are INTEREST GROUP.

Explanation:

An interest group is an organization of individuals who share a typical interest and work along to shield and promote that interest by influencing the government. Interest teams vary greatly in size, aims, and techniques. Political scientists usually divide interest teams into 2 categories:

1. Economic Group.
2. Noneconomic Group.

Classify the actions based on how they could affect a reaction rate.

Answers

Add a catalyst
- would increase rate of reaction;
Because adding catalyst would lower activation energies.

Decrease the concentration of a reactant
- would decrease rate of reaction; because there would be less molecule

Decrease the surface area of a solid reactant
 - decrease rate of reaction; less collisions because more particles would become isolated

Increase the temperature
- Would increase reaction; Because it would accelerate the movement of the particles and make them colliding faster
1. Add a catalystThe addition of a catalyst would lead to an increase in the rate of reaction.The catalyst brings about lower activation energies.

2. Decrease the concentration of a reactantThe reduction in the concentration of the reactant causes a reduced  rate of reaction This is due to the fact that there is less molecule

3. Decrease the surface area of a solid reactant Decreasing the surface area of the solid causes decrease rate of reactionThe collisions would be less because of particles isolation.

4. Increase the temperatureA temperature increase leads to increased reaction It causes faster movement of particles and collisions.

Complete question

Classify the actions based on how they could affect a reaction rate.

-decrease the surface area of a solid reaction

-add a catalyst

-increase the temperature

-decrease concentration of reactant

Read more on reaction rates here

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Craik and tulving experimentally demonstrated that people effectively remember seeing a specific word after they decide whether that word fits into an incomplete sentence. this research highlighted the effectiveness of what technique

Answers

The technique of semantic encoding. This technique consists in coding information by relating it to something else, such as a phrase, an image or even an event, as a means of learning. This memorization technique helps in learning as several neural areas of long-term memory storage intervene in the process.

What word would robert k. merton use to characterize members of a gang? select one:
a. conformists
b. innovators
c. ritualists
d. retreatists
e. rebels?

Answers

I believe the answer is: B. Innovators.
According to Robert K. Merton, Innovators are a group of people who would constantly pursue monetary success as a worthy goal, and the reason for an individual to join a gang is usually to seek easier method to obtain money rather than following the conventional ones.

Which Brazilians live in the hinterland?

A.
the indigenous people

B.
Portuguese immigrants

C.
multiethnic African and Native American people

D.
German and Italian immigrants

Answers

The people living in the Brazilian hinterland are most accurately represented by multiethnic African and Native American people due to historical settlement patterns and the legacy of the slave trade.

The question is asking about the demographics of people living in the Brazilian hinterland. The hinterland, a term often used to describe areas far from the coastal urban centers, is traditionally more rural and less developed. When looking at the options provided, historical and modern demographic patterns suggest that the most accurate answer would be multiethnic African and Native American people (Option C). This is because, throughout history, the indigenous peoples of Brazil have lived in various parts of the country, including the hinterlands. Additionally, the African influence in Brazil is significant due to the era of the slave trade, leading to a mix of cultures and ethnicities, especially in rural areas. While there have been numerous waves of immigration from Europe, the Middle East, and Asia, these groups have more commonly settled in urban areas or specific agricultural colonies, rather than the hinterlands.

The correct answer is C. multiethnic African and Native American people.

The hinterland of Brazil, often referred to as the interior or backlands, is characterized by a diverse population that has developed through a complex history of migration and cultural integration. While indigenous peoples (A) have historically inhabited these regions, the hinterland has also been shaped by the presence of multiethnic populations, including those of African and Native American descent (C). These groups have intermixed over centuries, particularly in rural areas where African slaves and indigenous populations were brought together during the colonial period.

Portuguese immigrants (B) are more commonly associated with the coastal cities and regions where they first settled and established colonial administrative centers. German and Italian immigrants (D) also settled in Brazil, but they tended to form more distinct communities, often in the southern states of Brazil, such as Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, rather than in the hinterland.

Therefore, the multiethnic African and Native American people are the group most representative of the population in the Brazilian hinterland.

A young man was picked up by police after he was found wandering along an interstate highway in a confused state. the man possessed no identifying information and he was unable to say who he was or where he lived. after his photograph appeared on television, a woman from an adjoining state identified the man as her father. what form of dissociative disorder did this man appear to have?

Answers

The man appeared to have Dissociative Fugue
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