Unable to hydrolyze Beta 1-4 linkages
ExplanationCellulose is present in the plant structure. It is insoluble in water and aqueous solution. Humans do not have the necessary bacteria in their intestines that produces the enzyme cellulase required to break down the beta 1,4 linkage of cellulases. So we cannot break down the bond and are unable to digest these polysaccharides.
What increases energy expenditure above basal energy needs by about 15% to 35%?
The correct answer is: physical activity.
Basal energy expenditure is defined as the amount of oxygen (O2) which is consumed while resting and fasting, extrapolated to 24 hrs. Basal energy expenditure is used to determine an individual's caloric needs and it depends on gender, age, activity..
Nutrition n brain helpppp
What substances in our diet are used to make up the myelin of our neurons?
Is omega-3 so good for mental health because it participates in this process?
thanks <3
The substances in our diet that make up myelin are avocados, fish, nuts, whole grains and any food rich in Vitamin B-1 and B-12. Omega-3 is good for mental health because it improves memory and removes all the symptoms of depression and can get you out of it. It also helps people who have mental illnesses.
in the 1960s new evidence help support the theory of continental drift and change into the theory of plate tectonics why was this new evidence
Which term is used for the group of proteins that are catalysts for metabolic reactions?
A.) carbohydrates
B.) vitamins
C.) nucleic acids
D.) enzymes
Answer:
The correct answer is option D.) enzymes.
Explanation:
Hello!
Let's solve this!
Catalysts are molecules that have the quality of accelerating reactions.
Let's analyze each of the options:
A.) carbohydrates: they are not molecules that accelerate reactions.
B.) vitamins: they are nutrients, they do not accelerate reactions.
C.) nucleic acids: do not accelerate reactions.
D.) enzymes: they are proteins that accelerate reactions, they are called biological catalysts.
After the analysis we conclude that the correct answer is option D.) enzymes.
Enzymes (D) are the group of proteins that serve as catalysts for metabolic reactions. They accelerate chemical reactions in a cell without being consumed or permanently changed.
Explanation:The term used for the group of proteins that act as catalysts for metabolic reactions is known as enzymes. Enzymes are biocatalysts that speed up the chemical reactions in a cell without being used up or altered permanently in the process. They play a crucial role in breaking down food into molecules that the body can use. Their function as catalysts enables them to maintain life by regulating the rate at which reactions occur, sustains life.
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The grid-like lattice of proteins that gives the cell shape and support is the _____.
A. endoplasmic reticulum
B. cytoskeleton
C. cytosol
D. cytoplasm
The right option is; B. cytoskeleton
The grid-like lattice of proteins that gives the cell shape and support is the cytoskeleton.
The cytoskeleton is a system of interconnected tubules and filaments that reach out all through the cell, from the cytoplasm. The cytoskeleton is composed of filamentous proteins, and its main function is to give the cell its shape, and mechanical support that helps the cell to perform important functions like movement and division.
Which of these is a distinguishing characteristic of terrestrial habitats?
the presence of plants (APEX)
Terrestrial habitats are distinguished by their climate and vegetation, with temperature and precipitation being the key factors that determine the types of plants and animals that can thrive in a particular biome.
Temperature and precipitation are the key abiotic factors that shape the composition of animal and plant communities in these biomes. These habitats include a variety of biomes, such as tundras, temperate forests, grasslands, chaparral, deserts, and tropical forests.
The types of plants and animal communities present in a terrestrial biome are greatly influenced by the amount of precipitation and the temperature of the area. For instance, you will find sparse vegetation in deserts due to low rainfall, while tropical rainforests exhibit lush plant life due to abundant precipitation throughout the year.
These biomes can be found in various geographic locations with similar climates. Some, like the tropical wet forest biome, have high net primary productivity due to warm temperatures and consistent water availability. In contrast, biomes such as deserts and tundras have lower primary productivity because of extreme temperatures and limited water.
Therefore, a distinguishing characteristic of terrestrial habitats is that they are primarily defined by their climate and the vegetation they support.
Which best describes the dorsal nerve cord? Help urgent
If it is a MCQ, I cannot find the propositions, I just can explain to you what's the dorsal nerve cord.
The dorsal nerve cord is one of the unique embryonic characteristics of the ganglia next to the dorsal cord. The dorsal nerve cord is a hollow dorsal cord.
It consists of a part of the exfoliated coagulant, forming a hollow tube, compared to other animal species that have solid abdominal tubes.
The dorsal nerve cord later changes in vertebrates to the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord. The dorsal nerve cord is found mainly in the vertebrae vertebrates.
A thick grouping of nerves that runs down the back of the embryo.
In humans, three weeks after conception a structure known as the _____ forms that will continue to develop into the central nervous system.
The answer is a neural tube.
Coin flipping simulates the events of mitosis and the production of sperm or eggs
Final answer:
Coin flipping is used to illustrate the role of chance in genetic inheritance and variability, mirroring the randomness in gamete formation during meiosis and the genetic combination at fertilization.
Explanation:
The concept of using coin flipping to simulate mitosis and meiosis relates directly to understanding how probability and inheritance play a role in biological processes. In sexual reproduction, particularly during the formation of gametes through meiosis and their subsequent union at fertilization, the same principles of probability that govern a coin toss are applicable. This is because the assortment of genes and the random combination of alleles during these processes can be represented using models that simulate chance events.
For instance, using pop-it beads to model the separation and duplication of chromosomes during mitosis helps visualize the replication and division of genetic material in a cell. Moreover, different activities involving evolutionary biology, such as the coin flipping analogy, are useful for demonstrating how chance and probability influence which alleles are passed on to subsequent generations. Understanding these principles is key to comprehending the genetic variability seen in populations, an important factor in evolution and natural selection.
Give one real life example of an enzymatic reaction in the human body.
Answer:
Enzymes are the bio-catalyst produced by the body.
They increases the rate of bio-chemicals reaction taking inside the body.
They form enzyme-substrate complex in order to increase the rate of the reaction.
They are highly specific in nature.
Example: Hexokinase catalyses the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. Salivary amylase catalyses the breakdown of starch into maltose (simpler sachharides).Protein kinase is an enzyme used to activate or deactivate other by adding phosphate group to them.The stethoscope is a device commonly used by doctors to monitor heart function. When listening to a heart beating using a stethoscope, the doctor hears the characteristic "lub-dub" sounds. The lub sound represents the (1)____ of the atrioventricular valves and the dub sound represents the closure of the valves between (2)____.
1. closing or opening
2. the arteries and atria, the ventricles and arteries, or the atria and ventricles
Doctors can also use stethoscopes to monitor respiratory function. A wheezing or whistling sound most likely indicates (3)____
3. blocked sinuses, an inactive diaphragm, or a constricted trachea
Answer:
The correct answers are:
1. closing
2. the ventricles and arteries,
3. a constricted trachea
Lub is the first sound of a heartbeat and is mentioned as S1. It is usually produced due to the closing of tricuspid and and mitral or bicuspid valves present between atria and ventricles.
Tricupsid is located between atrium and ventricle of the right hand side and mitral valve is located between atrium and ventricle of the left hand side. They prevent the back flow of blood from ventricles to their respective atria.
Dub, being the second sound is written as S2. It is produced due to the closing of pulmonary (located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery) and aortic valves (located between left artery and aorta).
These valves prevent the back flow of blood from arteries into the ventricles.
The time between the two sounds is often taken as the measure of the diastole i.e. ventricular filling.
Wheezing refers to a high-pitched sound produced when a person breathes, especially during exhale. It is caused by constriction of the airways or inflammation. It is considered as a symptom of various diseases such as asthma, COPD, allergies, bronchitis etc.
In listening to the heart using a stethoscope, 'lub' represents closing of the atrioventricular valves and 'dub' represents closing of the valves between the ventricles and arteries. Wheezing or whistling sounds when monitoring the respiratory system likely indicate a constricted trachea.
Explanation:In listening to a heart using a stethoscope, the 'lub' sound represents the closing (1) of the atrioventricular valves. These valves separate the upper chambers, the atria, from the lower chambers, the ventricles. This closing of the valves prevents blood from flowing backward into the atria while the ventricles contract. The 'dub' sound signifies the closure of the semilunar valves, which are located between the ventricles and arteries (2). These valves prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles after the heart contracts.
Regarding the respiratory system, when using a stethoscope, a whistling or wheezing sound often signifies a constricted trachea (3). This condition may be caused by a variety of issues such as asthma, bronchitis, or other respiratory disorders.
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in order to make new nucleic acids your body needs food that contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen as well as
A) sodium & chlorine
B) acids & bases
C) potassium & calcium
D) nitrogen & phosphorus
The correct answer is option D, that is, nitrogen and phosphorus.
Nucleic acids refer to the macromolecules comprising oxygen, hydrogen, phosphorus, and carbon. They are the small biomolecules or the biopolymers, playing an essential role in all the known forms of life.
They comprise nucleotides that are the monomers formed of three constituents, that is, a 5-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. If the sugar is obtained from ribose as deoxyribose, then the polymer is DNA, and if the sugar is a compound ribose, then the polymer is RNA.
The student measured the volume of water as 80.0 mL. she discovered that the actual volume was 80.1 mL. is her measurement accurate
Yes, her measurement is accurate.
Accuracy of a measurement is the closeness of a measured value to the actual or standard value. From the question, the first volume she measured; 80.0 ml is closer to the actual volume of water; 80.1ml. In this case, her measurement is accurate.
Answer:
OK
Explanation:
Accuracy = The fact of being exact or correct, when talking about numbers wemust always consider a variation or more or less than the stablished value. Based on that calculating quantities or volumes of liquids gives us this variation as a permited possibility, also the difference is so minimal that IT MUST BE CONSIDERED AS ACCURATE AND ACCEPTED.
What types of boundaries create volcanoes?
convergent boundry (subduction zone)
hope this helps! ❤ from peachimin
Convergent Boundary is the answer
Explain why the presence of large amounts of organic matter alone does not results in fertile soil
There's more to it than just large amounts of biomass to the creation of fertile soil because there's multiple factors that determine what will happen to that biomass and how it will affect the soil.
We can take the temperature, precipitation, and gradient of fall as examples.
The temperature is very important, if its high the decomposition of the biomass will be quick, and if it's very low the decomposition may take years to be completed and the soil to get the benefits of it. But, even if the temperature is high, if there isn't enough precipitation, than the decomposition will not have any real effect on the soil and the soil will be sandy.
The precipitation is very important because it helps in the decomposition and for getting the nutrients deeper into the soil, so the bigger the amount of it, the better. But if the temperature is relatively low, than it will be a pretty slow process, and the soil will not get the full benefit of it.
The gradient of the fall, as a physical feature is very important because if the gradient is too big, than the biomass will gradually just get downwards with any wind and rain, and the slopes will not see, pretty much, anything from it. On the other hand, if the gradient of the fall is very low, than the biomass will be more stable on the ground, and its movement will be restricted, so the soil will benefit more, depending of course on the other factors as well.
The presence of large amounts of organic matter alone does not result in fertile soil because there needs to be a balance of both organic matter and nutrients in the soil to make it fertile.
Examples of pure substances are elements and _________.
mixtures
compounds
2.
Iron and aluminum are examples of _____________.
pure substances
compounds
3.
A ____________ is a physical combination of things that can be separated.
mixture
compound
Examples of pure substances are elements and COMPOUNDS
2.Iron and aluminum are examples of PURE SUBSTANCES
3.a MIXTURE is a physical combination of things that can be seperated
The study of chemicals and bonds is called chemistry. There are different types of elements and these are metals and nonmetals.
The correct answer is mentioned below.
What is a mixture?A mixture is a material made up of two or more different chemical substances which are not chemically bonded. A mixture is the physical combination of two or more substances in which the identities are retained and are mixed in the form of solutions, suspensions, and colloids.According to the question, the correct answer is as follows:-
Examples of pure substances are elements and COMPOUNDSIron and aluminum are examples of PURE SUBSTANCESA MIXTURE is a physical combination of things that can be separatedFor more information about the mixture, refer to the link:-
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What is carried to the body cells by blood? (more than one)
A. Salts
B. Nutrients
C. Oxygen
D. Nitrogen
an atom of calcium contains 20 protons. how many electrons does it have?
I am pretty sure there are 20 electrons, becuase there are the same amount of protons and electrons
Protons, neutrons and electrons. ... The number is used to arrange the elements in the periodic table, beginning with hydrogen, which has just one proton. Electrons are contained in shells around the nucleus. In a neutral atom the total number of electrons is always the same as the number of protons in the nucleus.
The Answer would be 20 electrons since protons and electrons are the same.
Why is it important that the phospholipid bilayer be both hydrophobic and hydrophilic?
A) They are not important
B) They maintain balance in the cell
C) To allow cellular bonding
It is important that the phospholipid bilayer is both hydrophobic in the surface and hydrophilic inside to control and manage the incoming organic compounds mainly water from exceeding the needed amount or destablizing the concentration established by the cells.
Hydrophilic is a characteristic of an object which is attracted to water or can synthesize with water. In contrast to hydrophobic like fats, oils and lipis which has a strong aversion and dislike to water molecules.
Transmembrane proteins are found in the plasma membrane. Hydrophilicregions are embedded within the membrane, and Hydrophobic regions project from both surfaces of the bilayer.
Approximately 20-80% of the cell membrane is composed of lipids, the rest, is made up of protein. The lipid layer of the membrane gives it flexible and permeable characteristic. While the protein part assists in transport of molecules it needs to survive.
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RNA primase synthesizes RNA primer that attaches itself at the initiation point of replication. RNA primer constructed during DNA replication needs to be replaced because RNA differs from DNA. It contains ______ instead of ______.
Options for 1: adenine, cytosine, uracil
Options for 2: adenine, guanine, thymine
The answer is; Uracil, Thiamine
The two different structurally, with thymine having a methyl group in its ring structure which uracil lacks. DNA does not have uracil because Cytosine can be tautamerized and deaminate to produce uracil. Uracil is recognized by repair enzyme of DNA, nicked and replaced by cytosine. If uracil were a component of DNA, the repair systems would not be able to distinguish original uracil from uracil originated by deamination of cytosine. Thymine is more stable than uracil, a requirement for DNA which stores critical cell information.
Which of the following best describes aerobic respiration?
processes that require ATP
processes that do not require oxygen and produce ATP
processes that require oxygen and produce ATP
processes that produce ATP
The production of ATP from glucose in the presence of oxygen.
So I would go with C) processes that require oxygen and produce ATP
The statement which best describes aerobic respiration is: C. processes that require oxygen and produce ATP.
Aerobic reaction can be defined as biological and chemical processes that occurs in the presence of oxygen.
Hence, an aerobic reaction requires oxygen before it can take place or occur and it produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as one of its end product.
In Science, some examples of an aerobic reaction include the following:
Krebs cycle. Electron transport chain.
In conclusion, an aerobic respiration refers to how the body of a living organism uses oxygen such as;
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In an ecosystem, organisms compete for different resources. Intraspecific competition occurs when there’s competition for resources between members of the same species. What do you think the word interspecific refers to? Give an example with your explanation.
Intraspecific competition is when members of the same species compete for resources.
Using this definition, we know that:
1) competition is "compete", which is the latter half of the answer.
this leaves Intraspecific's definition in the beginning half of the answer
Intraspecific means "[something] existing within a species or individuals"
hope this helps
Hi!
In an ecosystem, organisms compete for different resources. Intraspecific competition occurs when there’s competition for resources between members of the same species. What do you think the word interspecific refers to? Give an example with your explanation.
Answer:
The word intraspecific means that the same kind of an organism competes for something!
In 1859, Charles Darwin described a model of how living things change over time. He described this model and the evidence that supported it in a book called On The Origin of Species. Which scientific term is used to describe a testable model that seeks to explain natural phenomena?
A) data
B) hypothesis
C) observation
D) theory
The answer is theory which is a proposed explanation whose status is still conjectural and subject to experimentation, in contrast to well-established propositions that are regarded as reporting matters of actual fact.
Answer:
D) theory
Explanation:
Theory is the set of fundamental principles of an art or a science. Theory is a synthesized opinion, it is a general notion. From the Greek theoria which in the historical context meant to observe or examine. With its evolution the term came to designate the set of ideas, the basis of a certain theme, which seeks to convey a general notion of some aspects of reality.
Theory is also a conjecture, an opinion formed before a fact. One theory attempts to explain something difficult to accomplish.
A scientific theory is the speculative part of a science, as opposed to practice. It is a consistent system formed by observations, ideas and axioms or postulates, constituting as a whole a set that tries to explain certain phenomena.
Examples of scientific theories are: Chaos Theory, Communication Theory, Knowledge Theory, Evolution Theory, Game Theory, Quantum Theory, Relativity Theory, among others.
Carbohydrate: what elements do you expect to find in a carbohydrate?
A carbohydrate would be expected to contain the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The ratio is generally 1 Carbon: 2 Hydrogen: 1 Oxygen. Examples are glucose and fructose.
In a carbohydrate, you would expect to find the elements carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O). The word carbohydrate literally means 'hydrated carbon'. The general empirical formula for a carbohydrate is CH2O. This means for every carbon atom, there are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Examples include glucose (C6H12O6) and fructose (C6H12O6). Therefore, carbohydrates are composed of these three essential elements.
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One major biotic factor that effects the health of coral reefs is
Can you determine which instances reflect a valid experiment or conclusion? Check only those that are valid.
a. A biology class is conducting an experiment to determine how soil pH affects the germination of pine seedlings. 30 pine seeds are placed in pots of soil with varying pH levels: 4.5, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.5, and 9.0. Pot size, water, and light exposure were constant for all pots.
b. A marine biologist is examining the effects of oil pollution on a population of seagulls (Larus canus). He is particularly interested in determining whether oil pollution reduces the number of eggs that may be hatched in each seagull nest. During one breeding season, he has counted the number of eggs present in 16 seagull nests and recorded the distance from each nest to a nearby oil refinery
c. After months of grueling research drinking many, many colas, Karl has come to the conclusion that Brand A cola tastes better than Brand B cola.
d. Jeanette was conducting an experiment to determine if plants grow better when exposed to rap music. She bought two identical plants and exposed one to rap music for two weeks while the other grew without music. From the data, Jeanette determined that plants do not grow better with rap music.
e. Robert is instructed in a lab experiment to first record the ambient temperature of the room. To do this, he holds the thermometer under a bright light to accurately read it. He then reads and records the data as 33°C.
Answer:
Only options a reflects the instances with valid experiment or conclusion.
Quality of any experiment depends upon two things reliability and validity. Reliability is measure of regeneration of results every time an experiment is performed under specific conditions.
Validity is measure of accuracy of results of an experiment. It can be check by two ways: internal validity (checks the design of the experiment) and external validity (checks if the conclusion is the real explanation of the phenomenon).
Now, in marine biologist experiment, he concluded the results only after one breeding season. This makes his results unreliable as it might have happened by chance.
Similarly, in cola experiment the taste was only checked by one candidate i.e. Karl. He might have problem in his taste buds. In addition, the temperature of cola can also affects its taste which is not taken care of in the experiment. Hence, it is not the valid experiment.
Similarly. Jeanette could use more plants for her experiment and Robert just followed only one instruction. He didn't perform any experiment.
Only options a (effect of soil pH on pine seedlings) and b (oil pollution's impact on seagull eggs) represent valid experiments due to controlled conditions and the potential for a repeatable setup. The other instances lack proper control, methodology, and objectivity, which are crucial for scientific investigations.
When determining which instances reflect a valid experiment or conclusion, it is essential to consider certain factors such as the control of variables, having a clear hypothesis, and the ability to repeat the test to draw reliable inferences. Here is the analysis for each instance provided:
a. This biology class's experiment maintains constant conditions for pot size, water, and light exposure while varying only the soil pH, providing a good setup for a controlled experiment.
b. The marine biologist has observed a potential correlation between the distance from an oil refinery and the number of eggs hatched in seagull nests, which can be further investigated by controlling additional variables.
c. Karl's conclusion lacks the rigor of a controlled experiment as taste is subjective, and no information is provided about sample size, controls, or blinding procedures. Therefore, it does not represent a valid scientific conclusion.
d. While Jeanette has a hypothesis, her experiment with only two plants and no control group for the non-musical environment is not sufficiently rigorous.
e. Robert's method for reading the ambient temperature is inaccurate, as holding the thermometer under a bright light could increase the reading, invalidating the experiment's validity.
Valid experiments must be designed to isolate variables and be repeatable, allowing for inductive reasoning to confirm hypotheses with substantial data. In the instances given, options a and b appear to be the most valid experiments.
Which mineral resource is used to make baby powder?
A) talc
B) gypsum
C) graphite
D) salt
a) talc Most people are familiar with the mineral talc. It can be crushed into a white powder that is widely known as "talcum powder." This powder has the ability to absorb moisture, absorb oils, absorb odor, serve as a lubricant, and produce an astringent effect with human skin.
Talc is used to make baby powder because,it absorb moisture and keeps the baby dry..
What is talc?The term talc refers to the mineral that is obtained from the soil and is used in the manufacturing of powder.
This mineral is composed of magnesium, silicon, and oxygen and has the important property of being able to absorb moisture henece it is used in baby powder.
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Wich groups of organic compounds found in living things are not energy rich
A carbohydrate, because protein and DNA have more elementd
Living organisms all have dna and rna which are botha. Carbohydratesb. Lipidsc. Proteinsd. Nucleic acids
If a small motor does 520 J of work to move a toy car 260 m, what force does it exert
[tex]Work done = Force\times distance[/tex]
From the question,
work done is 520 J
Distance is 260 m
This implies that,
[tex]520 =F\times260[/tex]
[tex]F=\frac{520}{260}[/tex]
[tex]F=2N[/tex]
Hence the motor exerts a force of 2N .
The force exerted by the motor is 2 N.
The work done by the small motor can be calculated using the formula below.
⇒ Formula:
W = Fd................ Equation 1⇒ Where:
W = Work done by the small motorF = Force exerted by the motord = Distance moved by the motor.
⇒ Make F the subject of the equation
F = W/d................ Equation 2From the question,
⇒ Given:
W = 520 Jd = 260 m⇒ Substitute these values into equation 2
F = 520/260F = 2 NHence, The force exerted by the motor is 2 N.
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