Answer:
Bromelain is a group of sulfhydryl containing proteases. Each of these proteases is composed of amino acids, the building blocks of protein.
Explanation:
Bromelain:
Bromelain is not regarded as a single enzyme. It is a mixture of proteolytic enzymes as well as phosphatases, glucosidases, peroxidases, cellulases and glycoproteins. At first, bromalain was regarded as an enzyme mixture produced by pineapple plants (Ananas comosus) but now it is referred to as any protease extracted from the Bromeliaceae family.
Proteins are macromolecules composed of amino acid subunits or monomers. Amino acids, linked through peptide bonds, form the complex globular structures of enzymes.
Claire extends her left calf muscle then relaxes it, concentrating on the tension leaving the muscle as she does so. Claire then tenses and relaxes her left quadriceps, again noting the flow of tension from the area. Claire is engaged in:
A. systematic desensitizationB. mindfulnessC. biofeedbackD. progressive muscle relaxation
Answer:
Progressive muscle relaxation
Explanation:
Progressive muscle relaxation is a relaxation technique used to relieve stress and tension. It is done by tensing one's muscles while breathing in and relaxing it while breathing out. This process helps body more relaxed and hence less tensed.
Progressive muscle tension helps to make one aware of the sensations connected to stress and tension and further helps to identify and manage the impact of the tension or stress.
Generally, progressive muscle tension has been shown to relieve tension, stress, pain and anxiety.
From the explanation, Claire is engaged in progressive muscle relaxation.
Eggs are carried from the ovary to the uterus by the
Answer:
Is their any choices to choose from?
Explanation:
Answer:
Fallopian tubes.
How do the structures of 4 macromolecules affect their functions?
Answer:
There are four major classes of biological macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids); each is an important cell component and performs a wide array of functions. Combined, these molecules make up the majority of a cell's dry mass (recall that water makes up the majority of its complete mass)
Explanation:
Hope this helps :)
A client with preeclampsia is admitted to the labor and birthing suite. her blood pressure is 130/90 mm hg, and she has 2 protein in her urine along with edema of the hands and face. which signs or symptoms would the client display if she were developing hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (hellp syndrome)
Answer:
The signs and symptoms of HELLP syndrome include high blood pressure, protein in the urine, headache , nausea , abdominal pain, backache , changes in vision, anemia and tiredness , swelling, etc.
Explanation:
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication occurring in pregnant women that usually happens late in pregnancy and is characterized by high blood pressure, protein in urine, edema or swelling in hands, legs, feet, face, etc.
HELLP syndrome (H - hemolysis, EL - elevated liver enzymes, LP - low platelet count) is another disorder that arises usually in association with preeclampsia. It usually occurs during the last trimester of pregnancy or postpartum and is characterized by hemolysis due to the rupturing of red blood cells, elevated liver enzymes due to leakage of high amounts of enzymes from injured liver cells, and a low platelet count. Hemolysis or breakdown of red blood cells results in low red blood cell levels and eventually leads to anemia. Low platelet count prevents clotting and can cause excessive bleeding.
The first signs of this syndrome seem like preeclampsia which includes high blood pressure and protein in the urine. Later, other symptoms such as
headache nausea swelling due to fluid retention anemia and tiredness indigestion with pain after eating abdominal pain (upper right side pain from liver distention) backache shoulder pain pain when breathing deeply blurry vision or other visual issues excessive and sudden weight gain bleeding seizuresComplications may also include rupture of the liver capsule, placental abruption, disseminated intravascular coagulation, kidney failure, etc.
A breast cancer client has just learned that her tumor clinical stage is T3, N2, M0. After the physician leaves, the client asks the nurse to explain this to her again. The nurse will use which statement in his or her answer? Your:A) tumor is very small and has zero number of mitoses. B) tumor has metastasized to at least three distal sites and you have cancer in your lymph nodes.C) tumor is large and at least two lymph nodes are positive for cancer cells.D) extent of disease is unknown, but it looks like your cancer has stayed intact and not spread to the bloodstream.
Answer:
C) tumor is large and at least two lymph nodes are positive for cancer cells.
Explanation
Tumor staging group client according to the extent and spread of the disease using the TNM system. TNM stands for tumor , node, metastasis. In the TNM system T1,T2,T3 and T4 describe tumor size. N0, N1, N2 and N3 describe the lymph node involvement. M0, M1 describes the absence or presence of metastasis.
The tumor clinical stage was given as T3, N2, M0.
This means the tumor is large( T3) and at least two lymph nodes(N2) are positive(M0) for cancer cells.
Answer:
option c:Tumor is large and at least two lymph nodes are positive for cancer cells.
Explanation:
communication between medical personnel e.g doctors, nurses and a patient about a patient diagnosis is very important. the way or manner the result is conveyed to the patient also matters and knowing if the patient is in the rest state of mind is very important. A tumor can be defined as mass of tissue growing abnormally in the human body. breast cancer tumors are generally of two types which are non-cancerous (benign) and cancerous, which (malignant).breast cancer are stage 1, 2, 3, or 4.patients with cancer needs a lot of care and attention. therefore those in the medical field e.g nurses should try as much as possible to give the patient maximum attention and care, understanding and foster good communication between them.the nursing care provided by nurses will help patient with their concern generally about the cancer.
A man and his wife are having trouble having a baby. Using modern technologies, the woman's eggs are removed, fertilized with her husband's sperm, and implanted into her uterus. The procedure is successful, and the woman gives birth to a healthy baby boy. After a while, though, they discover that their son is colorblind. The woman claims that the child can't be theirs since neither parent is colorblind, although one grandparent (the woman's father) is also colorblind. As a genetic counselor, you would explain to the parents that _________.
a. the eggs must have been accidentally switched, since males inherit sex-linked traits only from their fathers
b. colorblindness often appears randomly, even if neither parent is colorblind
c. since colorblindness is sex-linked, a son can inherit colorblindness if his mother has the recessive colorblindness allele
d. the baby's father must have a recessive allele for colorblindness
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Color blindness is a common hereditary condition which means it usually passes from parents. Red green color blindness is passed on from the mother to the son.
The chromosome number 23 is the sex chromosome also responsible for colorblindness. As it is sex linked the son can receive the recessive allele from the mother.
The mother of the child had a recessive allele which she transferred into her son. As it is sex inherited disease the son is affected by gene carried from mother.
Which of the following observations best supports the cell theory? Cells from animals only create other animal cells. Cells come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Cells have different names for different structures. Cells can live a very short time.
Most of the carbon dioxide produced by humans is ________.
Answer:
used by plants
Explanation:
Most of the carbon dioxide produced by humans is released into the atmosphere through various activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels.
Explanation:Most of the carbon dioxide produced by humans is released into the atmosphere through various activities. The primary mechanism for carbon dioxide release is the burning of fossil fuels such as gasoline, coal, and natural gas. Other human activities, such as deforestation, cement manufacture, animal agriculture, and the burning of forests, also contribute to the release of carbon dioxide.
Hence the answer is burning of fossil fuels.
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What are the four major functions all cells perform?
Answer: Reproduce, make energy, waste removal, react to changes
Explanation:
Most ____ development processes in mice and humans are very _____ because they are both ______ that ______ a common ancestor with a _____ developmental pattern. therefore, the results from mice ____ ____ be a very god proxy for the patterns expected in humans.
Answer: Early , Similar , Mammals , Share , Similar , Would likely
Explanation:
Around 80 million years ago mouse, humans and other mammals shared a common ancestor. The genomes of all mammals are comparatively close.
So humans and mice are very similiar because of common ancestors and also shows similar development patterns as humans.
Hence, the correct answers in sequence is Early , Similar , Mammals , Share , Similar , Would likely.
WILL BE MARKED AS BRAINLIEST!!1
In gastrulation, the pattern of division is regulated by the _____.
a. direction of cleavage
b. ventral lip
c. amount of yolk in the egg
d. centromere
e. spindle direction
If you see an animal with curly red hair, the curly red hair is ?
Answer:
part of the animal
Explanation:
lol
Curly red hair on an animal is an example of the physical traits typical of mammals, which include having hair. The reference incorrectly suggests that hair is unique to rabbit evolutionary history; in fact, all mammals have hair. This feature can also be involved in behaviors such as communication, as seen when cats raise their fur as a warning.
Explanation:If you see an animal with curly red hair, this is an example of the physical traits that can be observed in mammals. Hair is a characteristic feature that has evolved in mammals as part of their unique traits. While the reference about a rabbit suggests that hair is exclusive to their evolutionary history, in reality, hair is common to all mammals, not just rabbits. This is backed by the fact that most mammals share several traits that are typical to the class Mammalia, such as having hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands used for feeding their young.
Another aspect related to animal hair is behavior for communication, such as when a cat communicates a warning by raising its fur. This behavior indicates that the cat is feeling threatened and is trying to make itself appear larger and more dangerous as a deterrent against potential predators. This is an example of how physical traits, such as hair, not only serve a physiological function but also play a role in animal behavior and communication.
At first glance, it might seem counterintuitive with respect to energy use that many sharks must swim continuously or they will die. why is it important to their metabolic needs that sharks keep swimming? check all that apply.
Answer: seen below
Explanation:
This is because they have gills which function through the concurrent exchange of oxygen between the water and the blood of the sharks. This water passes over the gills in the opposite directional flow of the sharks blood in the gills. So the carbon dioxide concentration in the water outside their gills increases due to increase cellular respiration in their muscles.
Therefore, it is important that sharks must swim constantly in order to keep oxygen-rich water flowing over their gills.
Answer:
At first glance, it might seem counterintuitive with respect to energy use that many sharks must swim continuously or they will die. why is it important to their metabolic needs that sharks keep swimming? check all that apply.
The answer to the question above is explained below:
Explanation:
Gill involve external extensions from the body surface, it is the respiratory organ in many aquatic animals. They have feathery parts which cause water to move across the animal's body.
Gills are characterized by large amounts of surface area that function in gas exchange.
Sharks are type of fish that have no bones, only cartilage.
Why Sharks needs to keep swimming:
Sharks lack the swim bladder that most fish use to adjust their buoyancy. Swimming creates lift that prevents sharks from sinking.Sharks, like other marine animals, get their oxygen from the water. Nurse sharks, however, do have mechanisms to move water through their gills, and thus do not need to swim constantly to “breathe,Sharks use a ramjet ventilation system that requires them to swim to force water to the gills. Species that cannot pump water through their gills, they have to constantly swim to be able to breathe.Some sharks must swim constantly in order to keep oxygen-rich water flowing over their gills. This allows them to rest on the sea floor and still breathe. However, Some sharks, such as the tiger shark, can switch between buccal pumping and ram ventilation depending on quickly they're swimming.Carbon dioxide concentration in the water outside their gills increases due to the increased cellular respiration in their muscles.
Sharks have prominent spiracles, or respiratory openings behind the eyes that allow the fish to pull in water while buried under sand. Carbon dioxide waste also passes from the shark's blood and out of its body through the gill tissue.
As water passes over the gill's membranes, tiny blood vessels extract oxygen from the water.
Imagine a scenario where a disease has infected many species of grass in the savanna. How would this situation affect the animals that live there?
Answer:
The effect that a situation like this:
Imagine a scenario where a disease has infected many species of grass in the savanna.
Would have in is A disbalance in the ecosystem because the infected plants would die and they won't be able to feed the animals that eat them and they would have to migrate to look for plants to eat. That would also lead to predators that eat the animals that feed on plants to follow them and both types of animals would be reduced in the trip.
Explanation:
To understand this answer we need to analyze the full context. First of all the plants are used as food by the herbivores, therefore they would see themselves in the need to look for healthy plants that could be used as food. Predators would follow them and this trip will reduce the number of both because they would require energy and food to keep traveling. The herbivores would take the worse part because they are bigger in number and their food would scarce, while they would be used as easy food for the carnivores.
Answer:
If a disease infected most of the grass in the savanna, the animals that thrive on the grass wouldn’t have enough food. Some of the smaller organisms use the grass for shelter and protection. Without these grasses, many organisms would either die or move to a better location for food. Then meat-eating animals would also have less food to eat.
Explanation:
this is edmentum answer :)
The relationship between a carnivore and an herbivore can be stated as
The relationship between a carnivore and an herbivore is a predator-prey relationship that plays a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem balance.
Explanation:The relationship between a carnivore and an herbivore can be stated as a predator-prey relationship. Carnivores are animals that consume other animals, while herbivores are animals that feed primarily on plants. The carnivore hunts and captures the herbivore for food, and this interaction is essential for maintaining ecosystem balance.
For example, in an African savanna, lions are carnivores that prey on herbivores like zebras and antelopes. The lions rely on the herbivores for food, and the herbivores play a crucial role in keeping the vegetation in check.
The relationship between carnivores and herbivores is an integral part of the food chain and helps regulate populations and energy flow within an ecosystem.
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The relationship between a carnivore and an herbivore is a predation relationship where the carnivore is the predator and the herbivore is the prey. Herbivory is a specific type of predation focused on the consumption of plants by animals, which can also help in plant reproduction through seed distribution.
The relationship between a carnivore and an herbivore is an example of predation, where the carnivore acts as the predator that hunts and consumes the herbivore, which is the prey. This interaction is a fundamental ecological process that accounts for most energy transfers in food chains and webs. Carnivores like lionesses consume animals, while herbivores such as zebras eat plant species. Despite both being consumers, the principal difference is that carnivores feed on other animals, whereas herbivores feed on plants.
While herbivory is also a form of predation, it specifically describes the consumption of plants by animals. Most plants cannot escape or camouflage themselves from predators, so they have evolved various defense mechanisms against herbivory. Additionally, some plants utilize herbivory to their advantage by using animals as a method for seed distribution and plant reproduction.
What is an example of an introduced species?
Answer/Explanation:
Examples of introduced animals that have become invasive include the gypsy moth in eastern North America, the zebra mussel and alewife in the Great Lakes, the Canada goose and gray squirrel in Europe, the muskrat in Europe and Asia, the cane toad and red fox in Australia
How do cigarettes and radiation cause cancer? View Available Hint(s) How do cigarettes and radiation cause cancer? by destroying healthy cells by repressing the cell cycle by toxic chemicals (in smoke) or radiation that can damage the DNA in cells by destroying DNA by activating DNA mismatch-repair enzymes
Answer: B. by toxic chemicals (in smoke) or radiation that can damage the DNA in cells.
Explanation:
The carcinogens presents in cigerates covalently bind to DNA and form DNA adducts which results into miscoding (e.g., insertion of the wrong base) during replication of DNA and this genetic mutation causes uncontrolled cellular growth which causes cancer.
Ionising radiation including X-rays, radioactive particles, and gamma rays,can cause cancer by damaging DNA. high-energy radiation damages DNA and cause genetic mutation same as cigerates and causes cancer.
Both toxic chemicals (in smoke) or radiation damages DNA inthe cells which leads to cancer.
Hence, the correct option is B.
Please help! Match each organism with the correct trophic level it occupies in the food chain.
Blueberry: 1st Trophic Level
Rabbit: 2nd Trophic Level
Snake: 3rd Trophic Level
Cat: 4th Trophic Level
Hope this helps :P
plz give me the brainliest if it does : )
Answer:
The blueberry we go on the fourth the The rabbit would go next I think the snake would go after that and then the cat.
Explanation:
The snake and the cat might be switched but I’m pretty sure that the cat would be able to eat the snake easier than the snake would be able to get the cat so all I can say is go with your gut on that one .
How are living things organized into domains and kingdoms? Check all that apply.
There are three domains.
There are six domains
The domains include Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya, Plants, Fungi, and Animals
The domains include Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
There are three kingdoms.
There are six kingdoms
The kingdoms include Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya, Plants, Fungi, and Animals,
Answer:
Organisms with eukaryotic cells, including humans, are in domain Eukarya. Organisms with prokaryotic cells are in either domain Bacteria or domain Archae. ... These domains have been broken down into six kingdoms--Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, "Protista," Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Explanation:
Answer:
Organisms with eukaryotic cells, including humans, are in domain Eukarya. Organisms with prokaryotic cells are in either domain Bacteria or domain Archae. ... These domains have been broken down into six kingdoms--Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, "Protista," Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
ANSWERS ARE (A) (D) (F)
Explanation:
PLEASE HELP ME ASAP!!!!
Which of the following is an example of mutualism?
a) a fish protecting a shrimp who builds a burrow for the pair to share
b) a peacock courting and mating with a peahen
c) crayfish and minnows resting under the same rock
d) two snake species with the similar markings advertising their toxic venom
Answer:
A
Explanation:
The answer is a because mutualism is an interaction between 2 or more species where each species benefits.
Answer:
A fish protecting a shrimp who builds a burrow for the pair to share
Explanation:
The fish is getting shelter from the shrimp who gets protection from the fish- they are both benefiting from the situation.
The reactants of cellular respiration are
carbon dioxide.
glucose
oxygen.
water.
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
Glucose and Oxygen are reactants, but water is a product of it.
Answer:
glucose
oxygen
Explanation:
I did the test
Two ecology students are studying different things on Isle Royale.
The first student is keeping track of how the number of wolves on the island changes from year to year (but he is not looking at any other species). He is studying a wolf _____.
The second student is evaluating the interactions between moose and wolves on the island (but he is not considering any nonliving factors), and, as such, is studying a(n) _____.
Answer:
In the given case, the first blank is filled with population and the second blank can be filled with community.
Explanation:
In the given case, as the first student is keeping a record of the number of wolves present in a given island and the factors affecting the number of wolves found from time to time on the island shows that the student is studying a population of the wolf.
While the second student is assessing the association of the wolves with the other species like moose shows that the student is studying a community. A population refers to a single species group that thrives within a specific region at a specific time duration. On the other hand, a community refers to the combination of all the species populations found within a specific region.
Which sensation would you become insensitive to if you lost your thermoTRP receptors?
A. The burn of chili peppers
B. The cooling sensation from mint
C. Pain associated with touching an extremely cold surface
D. Pain associated with touching an extremely hot surface
E. All of the above
Answer:
option d: all of the above
which are the burn of chili peppers, the cooling sensation from mint, pain associated with touching an extremely cold surface and pain associated with touching an extremely hot surface.
Explanation:
thermoreceptors are defined as free nerve endings which are located i the following parts of the body; In the skin, liver, and skeletal muscles, e.t.c. the pain we feel as humans is common to all and really needed for our survival in this world.it is contained in our sense of touch; together, touch. it has shown to make us our of striking changes in our environment and help us know of soon to be danger or injury.
Thermoreceptors are also called specialized nerve cells . they help us determine or know differences in temperature. Temperature is the hotness or coldness of a place at a given time. Thermoreceptors helps to know/detect heat and cold in the environment and are usually present all round the skin thereby permitting sensory reception throughout the body.
Answer:
option E
Explanation:
When the thermoTRP receptors become lost, one loses sensation to pain, temperature, different kinds of tastes, pressure, and vision. In the body, some TRP receptors act like microscopic thermometers to detect hot or cold. Some TRP receptors become engaged by molecules found in spices like garlic, chili pepper. Others are activated by menthol, camphor, peppermint, and cooling agents. Some act as sensors of osmotic pressure, volume, stretch, and vibration, thus loss of these receptors will lead to insensitivity to the above listed sensations.
A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange, and modified segmentation. A knowledgeable zoologist should predict that the adults of this species would also feature __________.
a. eight legs.b. two pairs of antennae.c. a sessile lifestyle.d. an open circulatory system.e. parapodia.
Answer:
A knowledgeable zoologist should predict that the adults of this species would also feature d. an open circulatory system
Explanation:
Having an open circulatory system means that the organisms with this type of systems don't have true blood but a mix of different fluids. It is common among small animals such as arthropods. Larval characteristics such as exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange, and modified segmentation, make us think of an open circulatory system, because we are in need of that "extra" system of tubes for gas exchange.
These adaptions make agave plant most suitable to survive in ___ environment
A temperate
B tropical
C desert
D taiga
Answer:
Need more information
Explanation:
Temperate: mild with normal temperatures and average rain
Tropical: lots of rain/ warm like an island (hawaii or jamaica)
Desert: hot and dry
Taiga: cold with lots of trees and mountains
The agave plant is adapted to survive in a desert environment, with specialized features to conserve water.
The agave plant has adaptations that make it most suitable to survive in a desert environment. These adaptations include features such as thick leaves, deep root systems, and the ability to store water to cope with the arid conditions and scarce water availability. Biomes like the tropical wet forests and the taiga are rich in biodiversity, but the deserts are characterized by short growing seasons and scarce water, which is the exact environment where the agave thrives.
In contrast to biodiverse biomes like tropical wet forests or taigas, desert environments present challenges such as limited water and short growing seasons, making the agave's specialized adaptations crucial for its survival.
You have arrived on the scene of an incident involving an explosion. People in the immediate vicinity are all experiencing runny noses and difficulty breathing. Some are having convulsions. You suspect a terrorist incident involving a:
A. biological agent
B. blister agent
C. nerve agent
D. blood agent
Answer:
Nerve agent
Explanation:
A nerve agent is a chemical in which on exposure to humans affects the functioning of the nervous system. These chemicals are known to disrupt the process by which messages are transferred to the organs from the nerve. This disruption occurs by blocking the activity of acetylcholinesterase, which is responsible for the catabolism of a neurotransmitter, acetylcholine.
On exposure to a nerve agent, the muscles of the body become paralyzed and early symptoms is production of excess mucous such as in runny nose, pupil constriction and also difficulty in breathing.
These agents are sometimes used in chemical warfare. Examples include sarin, tabun etc.
A heterozygous blue-nose pit bull breeds with another blue nosed pit bull. Their
litter contains 2 puppies with black noses. What are the genotypes of the parents?
Answer:
Bb and bb
Explanation:
one parent might be a carrier of the black-nose gene and the other parent is not OR both parents can be carriers of the black-nose gene.
The genotypes of the blue-nose pit bull parents that produced puppies with black noses are either Bb and bb or Bb and Bb.
Explanation:If a heterozygous blue-nose pit bull breeds with another blue nosed pit bull and their litter contains 2 puppies with black noses, we first need to make some assumptions about the genetics involved based on typical Mendelian inheritance. Let's assume that 'B' represents the dominant blue nose allele and 'b' represents the recessive black nose allele. Since we know that one of the parents is heterozyous (Bb) and the offspring have black noses (bb), the other parent must also carry at least one recessive 'b' allele to produce bb offspring. For both puppies to have black noses, both parents must have contributed a 'b' allele, making the genotypes of the parents Bb and bb or Bb and Bb.
Which of the following is a characteristic shared by most animals
Collagen supported cells
Non-nuclear DNA
Radial symmetry
asexual reproduction
Answer:
a- Collagen supported cells
Explanation:
took test
The Collagen supported cells represent the characteristic that shared by most animals
What is Collagen supported cells?In the terms of dermis that represent the middle layer of the skin. Here collagen should helped to create the fibrous cells network which we called as the fibroblasts so that the new cells could be grown. Moreover, it plays a vital role for replacing and restoring the dead skin cells. So the attribute that shared by many animals should be that cells that should be Collagen supported.
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Represents the transfer of energy through a series of organisms in a community. This energy flow from one trophic level to the other is known as.. A) energy pyramid B) The Tropics C) food web D) food chain
Answer:
I believe the answer is A) energy pyramid
Explanation:
It's talking about trophic levels, as opposed to individual organisms.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Phalloidin is a peptide that can be conjugated to fluorescent dyes, such as fluorescein, and used to label actin in cells. Phalloidin-fluorescein was added to dividing, ciliated cells in culture. Where will the fluorescence be localized in the cells when looking at the treated cultures using fluorescence microscopy?
a. at the inner surface of the inner nuclear membrane
b. at the inner surface of the plasma membrane
c. microtubule-organizing centers (MTOC) cilia
d. more than one of the above.
Answer:
b. at the inner surface of the plasma membraneExplanation:
Phalloidin is a type of toxic substance that is found in dead cap mushrooms. It has a bicyclic structure of heptapeptide. It has a great ability to bind with the filamentous actin selectively and tightly. So it is used in the fluorescent microscopic study to detect or identify the structure or position of the F- actin. Due to phalloidin small structure, generally it is used in the labeling of cellular protein during the fluorescent microscopy to increases high resolutions. Since most of the actin is connected with the inner surface of the plasma membrane so the cells that are treated with phalloidin, has fluorescence at the inner surface of the plasma membrane.