Answer:
Concurrent Engineering.
Explanation:
Simultaneous performance of the various stages of product development is known as Concurrent Engineering.
Concurrent Engineering also called as simultaneous engineering is a method designing and developing products in which various stages of product are simultaneously run, thus, reducing product development time and also market time. This causes increase in productivity and reduction in cost.
A person accidentally touches a hand to a hot stove and quickly pulls the hand away, even before sensory information about the hot stove reaches the brain. The person’s reaction is most directly enabled by____________.
Answer: Spinal Reflex
Explanation:
The quick reaction of pulling a hand away from a hot stove before the brain processes the sensation is facilitated by a reflex arc in the somatic nervous system. This is an internal process which triggers a rapid response to potentially harmful stimuli, bypassing the need for brain involvement until after the threat has passed.
Explanation:A person’s quick reaction to high temperature, as exemplified by pulling a hand away from a hot stove even before sensory information about the hot stove reaches the brain, is most directly enabled by the reflex arc in the somatic nervous system.
Sensory neurons in the skin are activated by the high temperature, triggering an action potential. This action potential then quickly travels through the dorsal spinal root to the spinal cord, and activates a ventral horn motor neuron. This, in turn, sends a signal to the biceps brachii muscle, causing it to contract and making the arm pull away from the hot stove.
This type of rapid and involuntary response is made possible by an internal process, the reflex arc, which allows for speedy responses to stimuli to prevent or minimize harm or injury. It involves sensory neurons, interneuronal circuits in the spinal cord, and motor neurons. Effectively, it bypasses the brain for a rapid response, although the brain is later informed about the incident.
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________________ is a subsection of a population with a set of shared social, cultural, and historical experiences; with relatively distinctive beliefs, values, and behaviors; and with some sense of identity of belonging to the subgroup.
Answer:
ethnic group
Explanation:
The answer is -- "ethnic group".
An ethnic group can be defined as a population or a community which is made up of people those who share a common background or culture or descent.
Ethnic people have their own distinctive rituals, traditions and customs. These people always practice their traditions. The ethnicity status is usually inherited based on the place or society where one lives. The social complexity that is mostly found in today's contemporary society is ethnic.
Thus the answer is ---
ethnic group
The hypothesis that intelligence is a unitary factor dependent on a single general ability (g) is:
A)the modern dominant view of intelligence.
B)completely ignored by modern research.
C)somewhat true, in that intelligence is determined by an overall gfactor and various subfactors.
D)still believed by many psychologists, despite its falsification by Louis Thurstone.
Answer:
C) somewhat true, in that intelligence is determined by an overall gfactor and various subfactors.
Explanation:
G factor which refers to the General intelligence or factors related to General intelligence means that intelligence is based on a set of factors that influences our cognitive performance. Here, it can be said that the hypothesis that intelligence is a unitary factor dependent on a single general ability (g) can be suggested as somewhat true. This is based on the idea that intelligence is determined by an overall G factor and various subfactors and therefore, some of the intelligence is based on each G factor or in this case, one general ability or G factor. Hence, option c is the correct answer.
Optimism is a tendency toward a(n) ________.
a) angry outlook and negative expectations
b) negative outlook and negative expectations
c) neutral outlook and low expectations
d) positive outlook and positive expectations
Answer:
d) Positive outlook and positive expectations.
Explanation:
Being optimistic means to have a positive expectation for what is to come in the future. So, optimism is a tendency towards a positive outlook and a positive expectation in one's life.
This mental attitude of a person reflects an individual's approach towards the events of life. This optimism is the positive attitude and hope for a better future or outcome of an individual's actions/ future. Thus, we can rightly say that optimism is a tendency toward a positive outlook and positive expectations.
Steve and Mary are married and then get a divorce. Steve then marries Rachel, and they get a divorce, too. Steve remarries Mary and lives with her until she dies. After Mary's death, Steve marries Beth and lives with her until his death. These relationships of Steve's life are an example of _____.
Answer:
Serial MonogamyExplanation:
Serial monogamy is a type of marital monogamy. It is the the form of relationship in which the individuals have one partner during their lifetime. Classical monogamy is the second type of monogamy. It is derived from Greek words monos meaning alone and gamos meaning marriage. There are four types of monogamy; marital, social,sexual and genetic
Final answer:
Steve's series of marriages to Mary, Rachel, and Beth after each relationship ends is an example of serial monogamy, a pattern of forming successive monogamous relationships.
Explanation:
The relationships described in Steve's life are an example of serial monogamy. Serial monogamy refers to a form of monogamy in which an adult may have a series of monogamous marriages over the course of their lifetime. It involves forming monogamous relationships, one after another, which could end in divorce or the death of a spouse, followed by another marriage. This pattern is becoming more common in Western societies and is also present in some small-scale societies. The scenario with Steve, Mary, Rachel, and Beth illustrates this concept as he was married to each partner in a series of exclusive relationships over time.
To ensure a smooth transfer, the outgoing Incident Commander should provide a ___________ to the new Incident Commander. A. Transfer of Command Briefing B. Lessons Learned Report C. Situational Analysis Document D. List of personnel staffing each Section
Answer:
A - transfer of command briefing to the new Incident Commander.
Explanation:
Protocol dictates that, to ensure a smooth transfer, the outgoing Incident Commander should provide a briefing to the new Incident Commander, therefore, ensuring a smooth transition of power.
Chris is describing what lasagna is to a friend who has never eaten it before. He tells his friend, "Lasagna usually has layers of noodles with cheese and sauce in between each layer." In this situation, Chris is describing his ________ of lasagna.
Answer:
Concept
Explanation:
Chris is describing the concept of lasagna to the friend. Chris is providing a thought or an idea about what lasagna is. This is what known as concept of lasagna. Concept is an abstract idea about the topic.
By saying, "Lasagna usually has layers of noodles with cheese and sauce in between each layer" to the friend, Chris is describing his concept of lasagna.
Chris is describing his perception of lasagna, highlighting its layered composition of noodles, cheese, and sauce, and indirectly pointing to its cultural significance, especially within Italian families. The explanation also hints at the importance of language in conveying attitudes towards food.
Explanation:Chris is describing his perception of lasagna to a friend who has never eaten it before. He explains lasagna as having layers of noodles with cheese and sauce between each layer. This description showcases not only the physical aspects of lasagna but also touches upon the cultural significance it holds, particularly within Italian families where food, like pasta sauce, is considered sacred. It's important to note how language and choice of words, such as the casual vs. standard tone used by Trey in regards to being upset over lasagna, can convey the speaker's emotions and attitudes towards the subject. Furthermore, the concept of adding layers to a food item, whether those layers are dry, wet, or a melting coating that sets upon cooling, is a culinary technique widely used in various dishes, including lasagna.
Expert problem solvers Select one:
a. focus on the surface of a problem rather than on its deep structure.
b. do not need to rely on mapping in their use of analogies.
c. use analogies less often than do novices.
d. tend to categorize problems in terms of their deep structure.
Expert problem solvers look beyond the surface of a problem and discern its deep structure. This approach lets them apply strategies and possibly use analogies from other, similar problems. By seeing the deep structure, these problem solvers can effectively use analogies and mapping.
Explanation:Expert problem solvers tend to categorize problems in terms of their deep structure. This means that they don't just focus on the immediate, apparent issues (the surface of a problem), but also on the underpinning logical structures or principles at work. Seeing the problem in terms of its deep structure allows them to apply appropriate strategies and potentially draw analogies from similar problems they've previously encountered. They don't necessarily use analogies less than novices, but they're likely more effectively using them due to their ability to perceive the deep structure and relevant similarities. Mapping, or systematically linking elements of one situation to another, is often a useful technique when using analogies.
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Expert problem solvers categorize problems based on their deep structure, focusing on the underlying mechanics rather than surface-level details. They often use analogies to connect new problems with known experiences, thereby applying effective solutions from previous knowledge.
Explanation:Expert problem solvers tend to operate differently from novices when it comes to handling problems. The correct choice for your question would be option d: Expert problem solvers tend to categorize problems in terms of their deep structure. This means they focus on the underlying mechanics of the problem instead of just its surface-level presentation. Moreover, they often use analogies to draw parallels between their known experiences and the new problem in question. This helps them apply effective solutions from previous knowledge and problems. Understanding the deep structure of a problem, and using analogies can lead to more efficient and effective problem solving.
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According to recent research on the development of depression, dysfunctional attitudes (a negative outlook) andhopelessness attributes (explaining things negatively) constitute a _________ vulnerability to depression.
Answer: Cognitive
Explanation:
The cognitive vulnerability is the one of the type of cognitive psychology that represent the vulnerability before the psychological disorder symptoms.
The cognitive vulnerability basically shape the response and also increase the psychological disorder.
According to the question, the recent research represent that the development of the depression and the attribute of the dysfunction constitute the cognitive vulnerability into the form of depression.
As a child, you were playing in the yard one day when a neighbor's cat wandered over. Your mother (who has a terrible fear of animals) screamed and snatched you into her arms. Her behavior caused you to cry. You now have a fear of cats. Identify the UR.
a. your mother's behavior
b. your crying
c. the cat
d. your fear today
e. your crying
Answer:
e. your crying
Explanation:
UR: The term UR is also referred to as the unconditioned response in the experiment of classical conditioning which was proposed by a famous psychologist named Ivan Pavlov.
In classical conditioning, the unconditioned response is any reflex action which is naturally elicited through a particular stimulus without the involvement of the learning process. The unconditioned response is the behavior that arises from a particular stimulus and occurs naturally.
In the question above, according to the given statement, the UR would be "your crying".
_____: thoughts about social matters. This is an important aspect of socioemotional development in that it allows children to understand peer relationships, and is involved in children's ability to get along with peers.
Answer:
Social Cognition
Explanation:
Social cognition is a social psychology sub-theme that concentrates on how people perceive, store, and apply details about any other relationships and social circumstances.
This emphasizes on the position our social interactions play in cognitive processes.
The way we feel about someone else plays an important role in our thought, experiencing and communicating with the environment surrounding us.
________ is the simplistic view of the people and history of the region of the Middle East to East Asia, with no recognition of change over time or the diversity within its many cultures.
a. Orientalism
b. Pluralism
c. Pentecostalism
d. Pan-Indianism
Answer:a. Orientalism
Explanation:
Orientalism is a stereotypic view that seems to unreasonably emphasize and exaggerate how Arab people are when relating them to other cultures or people of other states such as European and the U.S.
This stereotype associate Arab culture as being unorganized or uncivilised , ancient and exotic and even harmful and scary than other cultures.
This stereotype was formed back in the times when Arabs were colonized hence European used it in order to exaggerate their self centered importance under which the countries on the East were regarded as vulnerable and incapable such that they needed to be saved by the West.
Ian is a student in Mr. Dumas’s ninth grade class. When Mr. Dumas announces that there will be a science test on Friday, Ian begins to dread Friday. He wonders whether he will be able to pass the science test. He didn’t do well on the previous test, and he struggled with the concepts in this chapter about natural selection. Ian’s doubt about his ability to do well on the science test is representative of his_________.
Answer:
low self-efficacy.
Explanation:
Self-efficacy: The term self-efficacy is being defined by one of the famous psychologist named Albert Bandura. According to Bandura, self-efficacy is described as a person's belief in his or her ability to be successful in accomplishing a particular task or certain situations. He believed that an individual's self-efficacy plays a vital role in the way he or she approaches a particular task, challenge, and goal.
Low self-efficacy: If a person is dealing with low self-efficacy then it can lead the person to hold beliefs about a specific task as difficult than the task is. The consequence of low self-efficacy will lead a person to increase stress and the person will be involved in poor task planning.
Final answer:
Ian's doubt about his ability to pass the science test is representative of his lack of confidence or self-doubt.
Explanation:
Ian's doubt about his ability to do well on the science test is representative of his lack of confidence or self-doubt.
This feeling is common when students have struggled with a subject in the past and feel uncertain about their ability to succeed in the future.
However, it's important for Ian to remember that with proper preparation and studying, he can improve his understanding of the concepts and increase his chances of passing the test.
To a conflict theorist, marriage and families are fascinating because: A. All married men and women fight every single day of their lives B. No one ever gets what they want, so everyone compromises C. All teenagers always fight with their parents D. Within the family are social standings and power struggle
Answer: The correct answer is : D. Within the family are social standings and power struggle
Explanation: The term family is not easy to define, sociologists try to have an open definition to cover several types of people who are emotionally close to each other. But despite this there are many conflicts and struggles within families for social, economic, character, power differences, where some are stronger than others.
The attempt to ensure that governing bodies are representative of major demographic groups in proportions similar to their representation in the population at large is known as ________ representation.
Answer:
Symbolic representation
Explanation:
From the term itself, 'symbol' represents a belief, idea, an object, etc or for whatever it stands for.
Symbolic representation in governance is the basic feature of the representation of the political parties and deserves basic consideration when the motivation is to reexamine mainstream representation.
In this methodology, symbolic representation is a way of representing or standing for a particular social group like Catholics, women, etc.
As a sociologist, Daniel is interested how, in the classroom, students acquire a variety of labels, such as good or bad, smart or slow. What theoretical perspective is Daniel most likely going to use, based on the text?
Answer:
Symbolic Interaction Theory
Explanation:
The viewpoint of symbolic interaction also known as symbolic interactionism, is a significant part of the sociological theory.
This viewpoint is focused on the symbolic significance in the cycle of social interaction which people develop and build on.
The theory of symbolic interaction evaluates society by acknowledging the subjective meanings imposed on objects, events and behaviors by people.
According to studies from early in the twentieth century, students who attend more years of school __________a. have higher survival rates as adultsb. aremore likely to need hospitalizationc. are more often diagnosed with serious diseasesd. are less likely to seek medical care
Answer:
A
Explanation:
have higher survival rates as adults. Surely the most years spent earning good information in school the healthier behavior they will have in the future.
As the price level falls, the purchasing power of households' real wealth will _____ , causing the quantity of output demanded to _____. This phenomenon is known as the ______ effect.
Answer:
As the price level falls, the purchasing power of households' real wealth will rise, causing the quantity of output demanded to rise. This phenomenon is known as the wealth effect.
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Brutus believes that men enjoy watching professional football and that women are categorically distinct from men. His gender stereotypes are so strong, however, that he mistakenly reasons from these premises the illogical conclusion that women do not enjoy watching professional football. His reasoning difficulty best illustrates:
a. the framing effect.
b. the availability heuristic.
c. belief bias.
d. functional fixedness.
Answer:
The correct answer is c. Belief Bias
Explanation:
Belief bias is defined as a tendency to judge the arguments based merely in the plausibility of the conclusion and not because of the strenght of the arguments that leads to that conclusion, in this case, Brutus is not reasoning the premises and mistakenly ignores the logical chain because of his strong gender stereotypes and end up in a belief bias mainly because of them and not taking other factor that might prove his original and biased belief wrong.
Myra is from Mexico but is now a U.S. citizen. She speaks both Spanish and English, but speaks only English in public because she imagines people will think she is an undocumented immigrant if she speaks in Spanish. What would symbolic interactionists call Mayra's assessment of how others see her?
Answer:
The correct answer is Self awareness
Explanation:
Symbolic interactionists would call Mayra's assessment as self awareness because in sociological terms self awareness is described as an introspective ability to recognize or acknowledge oneself apart from the external factors such as the environment surrounding the individual as well as other individuals, while being self-conscious of one's environment, body and lifestyle, therefore we can clearly see that in Myra's case she's understanding her position apart the others (regarding the aspects mentioned above) because she knows others will judge and think of her as an undocumented immigrant if she speaks spanish.
A home improvement company was negotiating with a homeowner to add two rooms to a home. The company agreed to take a second mortgage as long as the homeowner also included the rest of the property in the loan. The company and the homeowner agreed to a price, and the company provided the necessary disclosure form on Monday and the homeowner signed the agreement at noon the following day. Assuming that the week had five business days, until what time could the homeowner rescind the loan?
Answer: Friday, midnight.
Explanation:
Giving the detailed situation among these lines above, if the company and the homeowner signed the agreement at tuesday's noon, and then assuming that the week had five business days, it would be safe to say that the homeowner had until friday's midnight to rescind the loan.
The term cultural goals refers to the goals held out for people (i.e. get a degree, get married, have a nice job). The term institutionalized means refers to the legitimate or acceptable ways to reach these goals. When people find their legitimate means blocked, they feel frustrated. In the Strain Theory, this frustration is called __________.
Answer:
Strain
Explanation:
According to Robert Merton society deems certain goals that a person should achieve are more important than others. These goals are known as cultural goals.
There are two ways by which these goals can be achieved: socially accepted and socially unaccepted means. If any of these ways are blocked then this leads to strain.
Hence, the frustration is called strain.
1. Which of the following involves making judgments about the adequacy of behavior with respect to certain criteria such as work group or organizational goals?
a.performance
b.responsiveness
c.reliability
d.effectiveness
Mrs. Terry believes that parents should accept and try to understand their child's feelings and should honestly disclose their own inner feelings to their child. Mrs. Terry's parenting approach is closely aligned with___________.
Answer:
Rogers
Explanation:
Rogers has been proposed the concept of parenting style. He has been proposed four types of parenting style
Authoritarian parenting styleAuthoritative parenting style: This parenting style is used by Mrs. Terry who beliefs that parents should accept and try to understand their children. To help their children in disclosing their feeling in front of their parents.
Permissive parenting style Neglectful parenting styleMrs. Terry believes that parents should accept and try to understand their child's feelings and should honestly disclose their own inner feelings to their child. Mrs. Terry's parenting approach is closely aligned with the authoritative parenting style.
Mrs. Terry's parenting approach, which involves parents accepting and understanding their child's feelings and honestly sharing their own feelings, aligns closely with the authoritative parenting style. This style, often referred to as 'the tender teacher' approach, emphasizes reasonable demands, consistent limits, warmth, affection, and listening to the child's point of view.
The authoritative parenting style creates balanced relationships with children, fostering spontaneous, warm, and fun interactions while encouraging individuality. Parents using this approach adapt to their child's needs while maintaining open and frequent communication.
This parenting style has been proven to have significant positive impacts on the child's development, leading to better emotional, social, and academic outcomes.
Dominique seems to be a memory whiz. When asked how she can remember the colors of the visible spectrum, she tells you her friend ROY G BIV helps her out. When asked about the order of mathematical operations (which she learned about in elementary school), she tells you her Dear Aunt Sally helps her keep track. Finally, she tells you that she has several HOMES on the Great Lakes. Dominique’s memory success sounds like it’s due to her effective use of:____________
Answer:
mnemonics
Explanation:
Mnemonics are a strategic tool or technique to remember certain things for a longer period of time. It helps students to remember important information using this technique by developing certain helping aids or tools.
It makes use of certain encoding and imagery, retrieval cues that helps individuals for efficient retrieval and storage of any information.
The mnemonics takes the help of certain key words or acronyms or rhyming words, etc.
In the given context, Dominique makes use of certain key words and acronyms to remember certain important information like the color of the rainbow or the mathematical operations by the help of mnemonics.
Thus Dominique’s memory success is because of the use of mnemonics.
Therefore the answer is ---
Mnemonics
Josef lives in Canada. He is a member of a terrorist organization and is plotting to blow up an American embassy. He builds a car bomb and drives the car to an American embassy in Canada where he parks the car out front. The car blows up and causes serious damage to the American embassy. The crime committed by Josef can be found in what act?
Answer:
the USA Patriot Act
Explanation:
Terrorism in a broader sense refers to the act of violence which is created intentionally. It aims towards distorting peace and encouraging war and violence. International terrorism refers to the act of crimes committed and propagated by the individual or a group of people. These individuals are inspired by terrorist organizations and are associated with designated terrorist groups. In the given situation, the crime committed by Josef can be found in the USA Patriot Act. The act is projected towards bestowing broader powers to the agencies associated with law to investigate and direct justice altogether.
Padma is extremely confident and feels that lately she needs very little sleep. In addition, she reports that her thoughts seem to be going fast-similar to watching three television shows at once. Padma most likely is experiencing ________.
A. a manic episode
B. a dysthymic episode
C. a loss of mental control
D. a psychotic break
Answer:
The answer is A. a manic episode.
Explanation:
During this period, a person might feel an extreme sensation of optimism, usually accompanied by irritability. The person becomes hyper-active, but most of the tasks lack focus and are left unfinished.
Some of the symptoms include little concern for sleep, decreased attention, and excessive engagement in leisure or pleasant activities.
Regarding cultural differences in expressed emotion, which is thought to be positively correlated with schizophrenia, research has found that ________ families have the highest percentage of expressed emotion.
Answer:
Hostile
Explanation:
Expressed emotions measures family impact on it's psychiatric-patient relative.This measure is determined on how well they present the said relative who happens to be going through these psychological issues.As we have already been informed and also from research,expressed emotions has a positive correlation with schizophrenia.
From studies and research,it has been found that hostile families have the highest percentage of expressed emotions because they find hostility towards the affected patient as a remedy,but this in turn isn't the case because schizophrenia is a disorder that requires meticulous attention and thus it goes down to a long process of therepy in order to aid the patient.
Finally,there hasn't really been a final remedy to the issue of schizophrenia,so that's why family members have to be patient with their loved ones suffering from this disorder,instead of being hostile.
Betty just celebrated her fiftieth birthday. She marked the occasion by taking hang-gliding lessons and purchasing a more mature wardrobe. According to Levinson, Betty is engaged in which developmental task?
Answer:
young-old
Explanation:
Daniel Levinson is a famous psychologist who is credited to have developed a complete theory in adult development. It referred to the stages and growth that takes place well in the adult years.
This theory is known as Levinson's theory of Seasons of Life. According to Levinson's developmental task a person in his middle-age must look for new ways of being both young and old. This means that giving up some of the youthful qualities and transforming others, in order to find positive meaning of being older. During this period of life people assess their success to meet new life goals.
In the given context, Betty in her middle age celebrated her 50th birthday by taking a gliding lesson and also by buying a matured wardrobe which shows both her youthful and highly matured adulthood qualities. Hence Betty, according to the Levinson is engaging the "young-old" stage of development task of adulthood.
Hence the answer is --
young-old
True / False: By the time a person enters the Action phase of behavioral change, their primary motivation should be more intrinsic rather than extrinsic (select one word answer only please)
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Behavioral change means any modification or any change in the behavior of the human being which is influence by the community, society, surrounding or the environment.
According to Prochaska's model of behavioral change, people can make positive change in their lives by undergoing five stages of changes in their lives. They are precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.
The action stage is the fourth stage in behavioral change. During this stage, people takes direct action or strategies to achieve their goals in life. People modify their behaviors and actions according to the goals. It is the most overt behavioral change seen. At this stage the main motivation to achieve the goals in life is extrinsic and comes from the outer environment. and surroundings.
Hence the answer is -- FALSE