what were the causes and effects of the protestant reformation

Answers

Answer 1
Background causes:
The Roman Catholic Church's theology was not relating well to the common people.  Masses were done in Latin, which common people did not understand. There had also been a loss of confidence in the church through the years of the Black Death in the 14th century when the church preached judgment more than comfort to people during that crisis.  And a large number of the church's leaders had become corrupt and worldly, seeking wealth and power and using their spiritual authority to advance themselves at the expense of people.

Trigger event:
Indulgences, which were papers from the pope granting release from penance owed for sins, were being sold to pay off church expenses related to an archbishop buying his position and the pope building a basilica.  Martin Luther objected with 95 theses against the sale of indulgences, which were circulated widely and caused a firestorm of reaction from Rome.

Another background cause:
Kings and princes had been establishing their own power, separate from the church.  During the Reformation period, princes such as the Electors in Saxony (where Luther lived) were not afraid to stand up for rights over their own subjects who were being threatened by Rome.  Or another example, Henry VIII of England was not afraid to take control of the English church into his own hands, away from Rome.

Effects:
A division of the church into many factions occurred -- the Lutheran church in Germany and Scandinavia, Calvinist movements in Switzerland and France, the Church of England as an independent body, plus Anabaptists and other divergent groups.
Political revolutions followed, such as the Peasants War in Germany and the English Civil War in England.
The Roman Catholic Church responded with its own effort to clean up internal abuses and reinforce Catholic teaching -- known as the Counter-Reformation or Catholic Reformation.

Answer 2
Final answer:

The Protestant Reformation was caused by discontent among European Catholics and sparked by Martin Luther's objection to the practices of the Catholic Church. It led to the spread of Protestantism and religious wars between Catholics and Protestants.

Explanation:

The Protestant Reformation was caused by discontent among European Catholics and an interest in spiritual transformation in northern Europe. Martin Luther, a German monk, publicly objected to the questionable practices of the medieval Roman Catholic Church, sparking the Reformation. Martin Luther's opposition to Catholic Church practises served as the impetus for the Protestant Reformation, which was brought on by dissatisfaction among European Catholics.

It caused religious conflicts between Catholics and Protestants as well as the rise of Protestantism. The effects of the Protestant Reformation included the spread of Luther's ideas throughout Europe, the establishment of various Protestant churches, religious wars between Catholics and Protestants, and the Catholic Church's response with the Counter-Reformation.

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Related Questions

Which of Lincoln speeches discusses how the nation should proceed after the Civil War was and

Answers

In April 11 1865 he talks about life after the war and how every thing will from now on go
Final answer:

Abraham Lincoln's second inaugural address discusses how the nation should proceed after the Civil War, emphasizing reconciliation and unity.

Explanation:

One of Abraham Lincoln's speeches that discusses how the nation should proceed after the Civil War is his second inaugural address. In this speech, delivered on March 4, 1865, Lincoln emphasized the nation's obligation to the slaves and the process of reconciliation. He called for unity and forgiveness, recognizing that the war had taken a toll on both the North and the South. Lincoln's speech reflected his desire to heal the nation and rebuild a more inclusive democracy.

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Who designed the District of Columbia?        A. Meriwether Lewis   B. William Clark   C. Pierre Charles L'Enfant   D. Thomas Jefferson

Answers

Washington D.C. (which is the District of Columbia) was designed by Pierre Charles L'Enfant in 1791.

Pierre Charles L'Enfant designed the District of Columbia. Thus, the correct option is C.

What is a District?

A district is a particular kind of administrative division that the local government oversees in some nations. Areas referred to as "districts" can encompass counties, regions, or municipalities as well as subdivisions of those municipalities, a school district, or a political district.

The districts of India are regional administrative subdivisions left over from the British Raj. Typically, they are the level of local government that lies immediately beneath the subnational states and territories of India.

Districts may also be further divided into administrative divisions if needed, creating a level of government between the district and the subnational state.

A Deputy Commissioner/Collector is in charge of a district and is accountable for the overall management of the district as well as the upkeep of law and order. The district collector could be an IAS member.

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In which of these armed conflicts did the US military intervene to prevent the expansion and growing independence of the Mormon community?

A) the Utah War
B) the Seven Day War
C) the Trail of Tears
D) the War of the Roses

Answers

A) the Utah war was fought between the US and the Mormons

Answer:

The correct answer is A. The armed conflict in which the US military intervened to prevent the expansion and growing independence of the Mormon community was the Utah War.

Explanation:

The Utah War was the conflict that took place from 1857 to 1858 between the US federal government and the Mormons in Utah.

Since the formation of the Utah Territory in 1850, complaints to the Mormon domination and forced enforcing of their customs, especially polygamy, have been received by the federal authorities. These sentiments were fueled by false reports of rebellion, which local representatives of federal authorities transmitted to Washington.

In 1857, President James Buchanan appointed Alfred Cuming, who was not a Mormon, the new governor of the Territory in return for Mormon Brigham Young. Mormons opposed this appointment.  In May 1857, the president sent 2,500 troops to restore order and support Cuming.

In September 1857, the Mormons and Payut Indians launched an attack on civilians moving from Arkansas to California, which went down in history as the Mountain Meadows massacre; as a result, 120 immigrants, including women and children, were killed. Fearing revenge, the Mormons destroyed the army’s arsenals, thereby preventing the army from coming until the summer of 1858. A compromise was reached by this time.

In June 1858, troops entered the city of Salt Lake City, and Cuming took over as governor. The conflict resulted in a long distrust between the federal authorities and the local Mormon population, which prevented Utah from joining the United States as a state until 1896.

How did Obama use “human rights” as a political weapon?

Answers

Obama's administration has made protection of human rights as objective and back to be able to fund his administration's political agenda to strengthen capability of the army abroad, even providing assistance abroad and members of the united nations to offer military help to establishing order to preserve human rights. Although his administration was often criticized for this lack of success with promoting overall human rights during his term.
Answer:

Obama strengthen the protection of human rights as the medium of political weapon.

Explanation:

The main objective of the Obama administration has been about the protection of the human rights. He even stepped up in providing the assistance on the abroad mediums by making it as the political agenda. He establish the order to preserve upon the human rights. He faced much criticism over this act.

Please remember that each question must be a paragraph of 4-6 sentences in length.



1. How did the invention of the cotton gin affect slavery in the United States? (did it create more or less demand for slaves, and explain why)




2. What was the Underground Railroad? Your response needs to include and explain the terms conductor, lines, station, and freight.





3. How did men like William Lloyd Garrison, Reverent Lovejoy, and Frederick Douglass participate in the abolitionist movement?

Answers

1) The cotton gin was a machine that easily removed the seeds from cotton. This labor intensive job was now made much easier, allowing for cotton to become a much more profitable crop. This results in a huge increase in the number of slaves desired by southerners. The more slaves they would have to use the cotton gin, the more money they could make.

2) The Underground Railroad was a series of safe houses that would help slaves escape from the institution of slavery. Conductors were individuals who helped these slaves escape. One of the most famous ones was Harriet Tubman, who helped thousands of slaves escape from the South.

3) Garrison, Lovejoy, and Douglass participated heavily in the abolitionist movement. These three men took multiple different actions to try to end slavery including: giving speeches about the evils of this institution and creating writings/books discussing why this institution needs to be outlawed.

Answer:

1. The cotton gin affected slavery in the United States by increasing a demand in slaves to keep up with amount of cotton that the gin could pick.

2. The Underground Railroad was a secret underground network used by slaves to get to the North so they could be free. Harriet Tubman, whom was a conductor, guided slaves guided slaves on a risky journey so they could be free. A conductor is a person who guides other people on a risky journey. Lines are the several routes used in the Underground Railroad. The station would be the destination of freedom in which the slaves were traveling to, and the freight(aka cargo)would be the fugitive slaves that escaped from their owners to be free.

 

3. William Lloyd Garrison was a abolitionist that created and published a newspaper called "The Liberator" which was used to spread his opinion on anti-slavery, and to convince others to become abolitionists. Reverend Lovejoy was abolitionist that published anti-slavery articles in articles during slavery times, which then led to him creating a newspaper called "The Alton Observer". Frederick Douglass, who went went from being a slave to a free man who was literate and could write, wrote several writing pieces and speeches on antislavery, became the leader of many abolitionist movements.

Explanation:

Because i good

Marco drives a food truck that sells gourmet sandwiches outside of local businesses in downtown St. Petersburg. A city council initiative is investigating the possibility of banning large vehicles (like Marco’s truck) from parking on the street downtown. What would be a good course of action for Marco to start with in order to preserve his business?
A. Picket the Mayor's office to protest the initiative
B. Attend open city council meetings where local residents will be able to voice their opposition or support of the initiative
C. Mobilize fellow food truck drivers to stage a park-in on downtown streets
D. Urge the state Supreme Court to void the law as unconstitutional

Answers

Answer B would be the most effective route for Marco

Which challenge faced by many African nations was most influenced by a focus of cash crops

Answers

1) B. farming
2) A. high standard living AND C. modern technology
3) C. Nelson Mandela
4) A. environmental concerns 
5) A. food shortages
6) C. free speech
7) B. poor and sick people
8) A. foreign companies have moved many jobs to India.
9) B. closed down labor camps, D. let entrepreneurs set up businesses, AND E. permitted farmers to sell land
10) D. how to feed a rapidly growing population
11) D. a surge in missing persons
12) A. growth in shantytowns
13) D. socialist rebels in Nicaragua
14) D. strong military regimes
15) A. to promote economic cooperation in the Americas
16) C. and economic community
17) B. collapse of communism in Eastern Europe AND C. death of Josip Tito
18) C. increased unemployment
19) D. both nations splintered in part along ethnic lines
20) C. trade in energy resources

Answer:

food shortages

Explanation:

The situation during which African nations export Crops whereas a big variety of individuals on the continent struggle with hunger has been cursed on first world countries. These countries were accused of defending their own agricultural sectors through high import tariffs and supply subsidies to their farmers. Because of it, world value of such product is frequently reduced to a point where Africans are not able to ceaselessly diminished until Africans are unfit to contend in world markets, with the exception of in real money crops that don't develop effectively in temperate climates.

What are the tall, slender towers used in religious ceremonies found on the Taj Mahal?

Answers

minarets

A minaret is a slender tower. It is  typically part of a mosque. It has  a balcony from which a muezzin calls Muslims to prayer. it is also known as a lighthouse or goldaste. from the minarets Muslim faithful are called five times to pray by a Muezzin.

Answer:

minarets

Explanation:

Use the chart to answer the question. Which battle is considered a turning point in the war? Date Battle Result April 19, 1775 Lexington-Concord Began the Revolution December 26, 1776 Trenton Washington captured the Hessian forces stationed here with minimum casualties. September 11, 1777 Brandywine British victory drove Washington and army to Philadelphia. September 19, 1777 Saratoga (Freeman's Farm) Burgoyne gained control of the farm for the British but suffered significant casualties. October 7, 1777 Saratoga British forces surrendered to the Americans, which was a turning point of the war. June 8, 1778 Monmouth Courthouse Americans won and prevented more troops from joining the British in Philadelphia. September 28, 1781 Siege of Yorktown Americans, supported by the French, defeated British and won the war.

Answers

it should be october 7th 1777
the answer to your question is october 7th 1777

Hope this helps! God bless and if it's ok i would really love brainiest

How were people of occupied territories treated by the axis powers

Answers

They were put in concentration camps. Some of them were put in gas chambers, some of them just straight up starved and/or died of thirst from being treated so badly. Its really sad actually. Hitler was an evil man. It was a horrible part of history indeed. Millions of innocent people died. D:

The people of occupied territories under the Axis powers during World War II were subjected to harsh and varied treatment based on location, with experiences ranging from forced labor and conscription to systematic extermination in the case of groups like Jews, Poles, Russians, and other ethnic groups deemed undesirable by Nazi ideology. The overall objective of the Axis powers was to exploit these territories for their resources, both material and human, while asserting political and racial ideologies.

In occupied territories, such as those controlled by Nazi Germany, the civilian population faced oppressive regimes that sought to enforce strict racial hierarchies and authoritarian control. The treatment ranged from economic exploitation to outright genocide. In Eastern Europe and especially in the Soviet Union, people suffered from forced labor, as they were used to support the German war effort. The Holocaust, the epitomatic atrocity committed by the Nazis, led to the systematic extermination of six million Jews, as well as millions of others, including Poles, Soviets, Romani, physically and mentally disabled individuals, homosexuals, and political dissenters. In Asia, the Japanese Empire was responsible for establishing oppressive regimes in territories such as China, Korea, and Southeast Asia, including the use of comfort women and the imposition of harsh labor conditions. It is evident that race, ideology, and imperial ambitions played significant roles in how populations were treated under Axis occupation.

The other choice for number 32 would be d.new Mexico thx so much
10 pts and Brainlyest if ya ask and diserve it!

Answers

27. The Mormons traveled to Utah.

28. The belief that John L. Sullivan coined to express is called The Manifest Destiny.

29. The war happened during the presidency of James K. Polk.

30. The treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was the treaty that end the mexican war of 1846.

31. They were forced to go on reservations since Andrew Jackson has made a treaty for the Native Americans.

32. Texas is known as the "Lone Star Republic".

What policies implemented by Gorbachev ended up damaging the soviet union?

Answers

Gorbachev had two policies that hurt the Soviet Union. They were known as Perestroika and Glasnost.

Perestroika revolves around giving individual citizens more freedom in the economy. Instead of planning everything for citizens, the government allowed businesses and individuals how to spend their money/resource.

Glasnost revolves around giving citizens more civil liberties (aka rights). This included more freedom of speech for citizens and gave the newspaper the ability to criticize the government without being censored.

What word for a white southerner means scoundrel or rascal

Answers

Scoundrel is the word to be said.

Final answer:

The word for a white southerner who supported the Reconstruction and was viewed negatively by other white southerners is 'scalawag'.

Explanation:

The term used by southerners for a white southerner who supported the Reconstruction and was viewed as a traitor to the South is scalawag. This derogatory term was aimed at southern whites who allied themselves with the Republican Party and supported the transformations taking place during the Reconstruction era. The term scalawag implied that these individuals were scoundrels or rascals, and was often used by other white southerners who opposed the changes brought about by the Reconstruction and wished to maintain the antebellum social order.

Who rode a steam rocket West in the life in the new nation

Answers

i think Mike Hughes but i don't know exactly so sorry about that

The republican national committee publishes a monthly digest of information for republicans called?

Answers

The Republican National Committee publishes a monthly digest of information for Republicans called The Republican. On the other hand, a monthly digest of information for democrats is called the Democrats Digest. Hope this answers your question. Have a great day!

The correct answer to this question is A) the Republican.

The Republicans National Committee publishes a monthly digest of information for the Republicans called The Republican.

The Republican National Committee is the organization that promotes the activities of the Republican Party in the United States. The Committee is in charge of the political strategy of the Party, as well as the fundraising, organization, and coordination of the electoral campaigns. The Republicans National Committee publishes a monthly digest of information for the Republicans called The Republican.

The other options to this question were b) the G.O.P., and C) Republican Agenda.

why might african americans disagree that the roosevelt, taft, and wilson administrations marked an era of progressivism in america

Answers

Because racism has a lot to do today including African-Americans and in the progressivism area where is zoom have played a big role in that era.

For most of the twentieth century a ____ percentage of men had a college degree compared to women however if we focus on the data for Americans born in the ___ or later a higher percentage if women hold collage degrees
A) lower 1940s
B) higher 1960s
C) lower 1970s
D) higher 1980s

Answers

First one is whatever it says on the graph 20 or 30 percent

Second one is B

how are the french and Indian war and the american revolutionary war similar

Answers

Both wars involved European countries fighting for control of North America. i took the same Exam with the question and got it right.

what was the Soviet union's goals in blocking land and water routes to west berlin

Answers

The Soviet Union intended to block all routes in and out of West Berlin for two reasons. They wanted to stop all people from escaping, and they also wanted to stop other countries, such as the US, from giving the West Berliners supplies.
to stop the western allies from providing supplies to west berlin

what two events shocked the feudal system and undermined its claim to power

Answers

The Feudal system, which was based on an economic relationship between wealthy noblemen (land-owners) and working peasantry (who paid land-owners a fee). It disappeared for the most part around 1500 because (1) the armies of noblemen were replaced by armies of professional fighters or mercenaries and (2) the Black Death, a European plague that killed between 75 and 200 million people, reduced noblemen's ability to govern the lower classes.

How is augmented reality used
A) to integrate 3-D graphics for providing a live, direct, or indirect view of a physical real-world environment
B) to gather and analyze digital data using special software tools
C) to provide up-to-the-minute information for decision-making processes
D) to monitor employee movement during working hours

Answers

A: To integrate 3-D graphics for providing a live, direct or indirect view of a physical real-world environment. 

True or false an Oracle was the shrine greeks visit in to receive prophecies

Answers

It is true, Oracle was indeed the shrine that the Greeks visited to receive prophecies.

Out of the oracles, the Oracle of Delphi is the most popular. It is believed that not only Greeks but people from other parts of the world, for example, Asia came to seek answers from the Oracle.

Though the answers provided were tricky, it is believed that the temple of Apollo in Greece was served by a priestess, who shared prophecies with people. Some believe that she had a direct connection with Apollo.

The Oracle shared wisdom on agriculture and battles too, and this attracted people.

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think of TWO factors you believe a court should consider when dealing with juveniles.

Answers

1. There background. If a Kid has always been a trouble maker then this situation was obviously another juvenile act done upon the child.
 2. There parenting, and the way they present and talk in the court room. If a kid comes in the court room sloppy not caring about the next step in his or her life then the judge should do no sparing of the kids freedom. Also if there parents are yelling and or cussing you out then the act that the child has committed has been taught to do or raised in the child, therefore the child is thinking these actions are acceptable.

Camels were used by the Bedouins because they require very little what

Answers

They require very little water.

How did Bill Clinton attract voters during his presidential campaign in 1992?

Answers

He was using a massive amount of talk shows.

Bill Clinton organized talk shows which attracted voters during his election campaign of 1992. Thus, talk shows made him win the elections.

Thus, Bill Clinton handily trounced the top Democratic candidates in the 1992 primary elections, despite accusations that he evaded the Vietnam conscription and rumors of extramarital affairs.

The majority of people didn't appear to care about his personal life or position on a long-ago conflict. Bush's 1988 promise to not raise taxes was breached, and ardent Republicans never forgave him. In addition, middle-class Americans had become more irate about Bush's failure to address the economic downturn that had gripped the country.

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Japanese relations with the ___________ remained tense because of the disputed ownership of the Kuril Islands.

Answers

Here's your answer !

Japanese relations with the Russians remained tense because of the disputed ownership of the Kuril Islands.

Btw it refers to the "Kuril Islands dispute"

The story about the Crucible

Answers

Young girls would pretend to be witches and would accuse older women or other people of being witches , if they deny of being witches they would be executed.
well, its based on the Salem witch trials.
a girl named Abigail and a group of her friends were found dancing naked in the woods one night. 
The next day her sister wouldn't wake up and be almost sickly. 
After these events, Abigail and her friends started to accuse people of being witches.
now Abigail wasn't just an accuser, she also performed adultery with a man called Joh Proctor.
John Proctor and his wife think that the accusations are silly. 
at the end of all these events, Abigail ends up accusing john proctor and his wife of being witches which leads to the death of John.  

Which of the following is true about members of Georgia’s General Assembly? A A member must be over 25 to serve in either house. B New members cannot be on more than one committee C Members only serve a two year term D No one can serve more than two terms.

Answers

C is the correct answer. 

Chinese canals provided each of the following except

protection from invaders
irrigation for fields
improved transportation
connection between rivers

Answers

They did not protect from invaders because they are not walls or protected by standing armies.

What is an accurate statement about many of the first Africans to come to Louisiana?

Answers

Is early as 1699, when Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville first began to develop the ... Although the first cargo of enslaved Africans did not arrive in Louisiana until 1719, ... Many slaves worked on plantations, but the plantation system as a .... the Humanities does not certify the accuracy of information, nor endorse
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