Percentage yield = (actual yield / theoretical
yield) x 100%
The balanced equation for the reaction is,
CH₄(g) + Cl₂(g) → CH₃Cl(g)
+ HCl(g)
Since there is excess of Cl₂ gas, we can assume that all of CH₄ gas are reacted.
Moles of CH₄(g) = mass / molar mass
= 25.0 g / 16 g/mol
= 1.5625 mol
The stoichiometric ratio between CH₄(g) and CH₃Cl(g)
is 1 : 1
Hence moles of CH₃Cl(g) = 1.5625 mol
Molar mass of CH₃Cl(g) = 50.5 g/mol
Mass of CH₃Cl(g) = number of moles x molar mass
= 1.5625 mol x 50.5 g/mol
= 78.9 g
Hence theoretical yield = 78.9 g
Actual yield = 45.0 g
Hence,
Percentage yield = (45.0 g / 78.9 g) x 100%
= 57.03%
A gas sample has a volume of 150 ml at 0.00 ∘c. the temperature is raised (at constant pressure) until the volume is 218 ml. what is the temperature of the gas sample in ∘c at this volume?
What is the theoretical yield in liters of hydrogen at STP if 20.1g of calcium are completely reacted
The term used to describe the rapid release of bubbles from a liquid is _____
How many sites on this antibody molecule have potential to bind to a non-self molecule?
J. J. Thomson’s experiment disproved the theory that an atom is divisible. is indivisible. contains protons. contains electrons.
J.J. Thomson's experiment did not disprove the theory that atoms are indivisible. Instead, his experiment demonstrated the presence of subatomic particles, specifically electrons, within atoms.
The atom's indivisibleness was not refuted by J. J. Thomson's experiment. Instead, his research demonstrated that electrons, a type of subatomic particle, are present in atoms. The "plum pudding" model of the atom was created as a result of Thomson's research from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which advanced knowledge of atomic structure.
Thomson studied the behavior of electrically charged particles (electrons) inside a vacuum tube in his well-known cathode ray tube experiment. A stream of negatively charged particles (electrons) traveled from the cathode (negative electrode) to the anode (positive electrode) when a voltage was applied across the tube. Thomson came to the conclusion that these particles were the basic building blocks of atoms.
The old belief that atoms were indestructible was refuted by Thomson's discovery of electrons within them, which also supported the notion of subatomic particles inside the atom. His "plum pudding" concept proposed that atoms had a neutral overall charge because electrons were contained within a positively charged "pudding" or matrix.
Later investigations, like those by Ernest Rutherford, helped to clarify our understanding of atomic structure and revealed the existence of a positively charged nucleus that contains protons as well as neutral particles known as neutrons. The existence of indivisible atoms was therefore not refuted by Thomson's experiment, but it did introduce the idea of subatomic particles within atoms, particularly electrons.
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How are genes related to DNA?
A-Genes are sections of DNA that program the amino acid sequences of proteins.
B-Genes are monomers that are joined by dehydration synthesis to make DNA.
C-Genes are proteins that bind molecules of DNA together to make amino acids.
D-Genes are monomers that are joined by hydrolysis to make DNA.
How many moles of KNO3 are needed to make 600 ml of a 1.3M solution?
To make a 1.3M solution with a volume of 600 ml, you would need 0.78 moles of KNO3.
Explanation:To calculate the number of moles of KNO3 needed to make a 1.3M solution, we can use the equation:
Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution
Rearranging the equation, we can solve for moles of solute:
Moles of solute = Molarity x liters of solution
In this case, the molarity is 1.3M and the volume is 600 ml (which is equivalent to 0.6 L). Substituting these values into the equation:
Moles of KNO3 = 1.3M x 0.6 L = 0.78 moles
Calculate the theoretical yield if 100.0 g p4o10 react with 200.0 g h2o
An iv solution contains 5.10g glucose in 100.5 ml water. what is the molarity of the solution? the molar mass of glucose is 180g/mol. molarity: mol solute/l solution
The molarity of the solution is 0.279 M.
Explanation:To find the molarity of the solution, we need to calculate the number of moles of glucose and the volume of the solution in liters. The molarity is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution.
First, we calculate the number of moles of glucose:
Moles of glucose = mass of glucose / molar mass of glucose
Moles of glucose = 5.10 g / 180 g/mol = 0.028 moles
Next, we calculate the volume of the solution in liters:
Volume of solution = 100.5 ml / 1000 = 0.1005 L
Finally, we plug in the values into the molarity formula:
Molarity = moles of glucose / volume of solution
Molarity = 0.028 moles / 0.1005 L = 0.279 M
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Rubbing alcohol is 70.% isopropyl alcohol by volume. how many ml of isopropyl alcohol are in a 1 pint (473 ml) container? 330 ml 680 ml 0.15 ml 70. ml 470 ml
In the formation of a solution how does the solvent differ from the solute
Solid metals undergo greater thermal expansion than liquids do.
Answer:
false
Explanation:
Final answer:
Thermal expansion is the increase or decrease in size of a body due to a change in temperature. Solid metals undergo greater thermal expansion than liquids. This is because the closely packed atoms or molecules in solid metals are pushed farther apart by the increase in temperature, resulting in a larger size for the whole body.
Explanation:
Thermal expansion: Thermal expansion is the increase, or decrease, of the size (length, area, or volume) of a body due to a change in temperature. It occurs in all dimensions - length, area, volume - and is not limited to solid metals. However, solid metals undergo greater thermal expansion than liquids do. The increased thermal expansion in solid metals can be attributed to their closely packed atoms or molecules, which are pushed farther apart by the increase in temperature, resulting in a larger size for the whole body.
How does nh3 and ca(OH)2 form OH- ions in water?
What is a characteristic of all fuel cells?
Energy from the Sun is converted into electricity.
Electrical energy is produced from oxidation reactions.
Oxidation reactions are used to produce thermal energy.
A constant source of energy is not required.
Answer:
Electrical energy is produced from oxidation reactions.
Explanation:
In fuel cells elecric energy is produced from the oxidation of reactants, that fuel is often Hydrogen, that is storaged in the fuel cell and then it just grabs oxygen from the air and converts that chemical reaction of oxidation in electric current.
Know how the rate of a chemical reaction is defined in terms of reactants or products.
The half-life of the radioactive element unobtanium dash 53 is 20 seconds. if 32 grams of unobtanium dash 53 are initially present, how many grams are present after 20 seconds? 40 seconds? 60 seconds? 80 seconds? 100 seconds?
Answer: After 20 seconds, 16 grams of unobtanium will be present, after 40 seconds, 8 grams of unobtanium will be present after 60 seconds, 4 grams of unobtanium will be present, after 80 seconds, 2 grams of unobtanium will be present and after 100 seconds, 1 grams of unobtanium will be present.
Explanation: Half life is the time in which half of the reaction is completed. Thus the half of the substance will be decomposed and half of it will remain.
Amount of the substance left after n half lives will be=[tex]\frac{A}{2^n}[/tex]
where A= initial amount of substance
n=no of half lives=[tex]\frac{\text{given time}}{\text{half life}}[/tex]
a) t= 20 seconds
no of half lives=[tex]\frac{20}{20}=1[/tex]
amount of the substance left after 1 half life will be=[tex]\frac{32}{2^1}[/tex]=16 g.
b) t= 40 seconds
no of half lives=[tex]\frac{40}{20}=2[/tex]
amount of the substance left after 2 half lives will be=[tex]\frac{32}{2^2}[/tex]=8g.
c) t= 60 seconds
no of half lives=[tex]\frac{60}{20}=3[/tex]
amount of the substance left after 3 half lives will be=[tex]\frac{32}{2^3}=4g[/tex]
d) t= 80 seconds
no of half lives=[tex]\frac{80}{20}=4[/tex]
amount of the substance left after 4 half lives will be=[tex]\frac{32}{2^4}=2g[/tex]
e) t= 100 seconds
no of half lives=[tex]\frac{100}{20}=5[/tex]
amount of the substance left after 5 half lives will be=[tex]\frac{32}{2^5}=1g.[/tex]
The half-life of a radioactive element is defined as the time required by the specific isotope to decrease by half of its original value. The unobtanium after given time will be present as:
After 20 secs, 16 gramsAfter 40 secs, 8 gramsAfter 60 secs, 4 gramsAfter 80 secs, 2 gramsAfter 100 secs, 1 gramHalf-life is the time required by the unobtanium is the half of the reaction is completed. Half of the substance will be decomposed, such that:
Amount of substance left n half-lives = [tex]\dfrac{\text A}{{2}^{\text n}}[/tex]
where A= initial amount of substance
Now,
n = number of half-lives = given time /half-life
Given,
1. Time = t = 20 seconds
Number of half-lives = [tex]\dfrac{20}{20}[/tex] = 1Amount of the substance left after 1 half life = [tex]\dfrac{\text 32}{{2}^{\text 1}}[/tex] = 16 grams.2.Time = t = 40 seconds
Number of half-lives = [tex]\dfrac{40}{20}[/tex] = 1Amount of the substance left after 1 half life = [tex]\dfrac{\text 32}{{2}^{\text 2}}[/tex] = 8 grams.3.Time = t = 60 seconds
Number of half-lives = [tex]\dfrac{60}{20}[/tex] = 1Amount of the substance left after 1 half life = [tex]\dfrac{\text 32}{{2}^{\text 3}}[/tex] = 4 grams.4.Time = t = 80 seconds
Number of half-lives = [tex]\dfrac{80}{20}[/tex] = 1Amount of the substance left after 1 half life = [tex]\dfrac{\text 32}{{2}^{\text 4}}[/tex] = 2 grams.5.Time = t = 100 seconds
Number of half-lives = [tex]\dfrac{100}{20}[/tex] = 1Amount of the substance left after 1 half life = [tex]\dfrac{\text 32}{{2}^{\text 5}}[/tex] = 1 grams.To know more about half-life, refer to the following link:
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Write out the balanced equation for the reaction that occurs when Mg(OH)2 and HCl react together.
Answer:
The balanced equation for the reaction that occurs when Mg(OH)2 and HCl react together is:
Mg(OH)2+2HCl -------->MgCl2+2H20
What kind of reaction occurs when the entropy change of an endothermic reaction is negative?
Gibbs free energy
(G) determines if reaction will proceed spontaneously.
ΔG = ΔH - T·ΔS.
ΔG - changes in Gibbs free energy.
ΔH - changes in enthalpy.
ΔS - changes in entropy.
T is temperature in Kelvins.
When ΔS < 0 (negative entropy change) and ΔH > 0
(endothermic reaction), the process is never spontaneous (ΔG> 0).
Answer:
reaction is nonspontaneous under standard conditions at all temperatures.
Explanation:
took the test.
Which of the following energy yields is most likely to have come from a fission or a fusion reaction?
Answer:
D. 2.0 x 10^11 kJ/mol
Got it correct on my quiz!
What is the standard cell notation for an electrolytic cell with aluminum and gold electrodes?
Answer:
Au3+
Explanation:
The standard cell notation for an electrolytic cell with aluminum and gold electrodes Au(s)| Au³⁺ || Al³⁺| Al (s)
What is an Electrolytic Cell ?A device in which electrical energy is converted into chemical energy or chemical energy is converted into electric energy is called an Electrolytic cell
The electrolytic cell consists of two metallic electrodes and an electrolyte.
In this cell nomenclature, the electrode to the left of the salt bridge is always assumed to be the anode, and the accompanying half-equation is always stated as an oxidation , while right side is cathode and the half equation is Reduction.
Reaction at Anode: Au(s) → Au³⁺(aq) + 3e⁻ ..........(oxidation)
Reaction at Cathode: Au³⁺(aq) + 3e⁻ →Au(s) ..............(reduction)
The standard cell notation for an electrolytic cell with aluminum and gold electrodes
Au(s)| Au³⁺ || Al³⁺| Al (s)
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A 94.7-g sample of silver (s = 0.237 j/(g · °c)), initially at 348.25°c, is added to an insulated vessel containing 143.6 g of water (s = 4.18 j/(g · °c)), initially at 13.97°c. at equilibrium, the final temperature of the metal–water mixture is 22.63°c. how much heat was absorbed by the water? the heat capacity of the vessel is 0.244 kj/°c.
Q = m*C*dT
m = mass
C = specific heat capacity
dT = Temperature change
Q = heat evolved
Heat lost by metal is equal to the sum of heat taken up by water and vessel. Since water is taken in the vessel so
the initial and final temperatures would be same for vessel and water...
Q = 94.7 *0.237 *(22.63 - 348.25) = 7308.18 Joules = 7.3 KJ
Heat lost by silver = 7.3 KJ
Heat absorbed by water = 143.6*4.18*(22.63 - 13.97) = 5.2 KJ
How many nitrogen molecules are in a 8.86 L container of nitrogen gas at a pressure of 112.1 kPa and a temperature of 30.8 oC?
How many moles of gas occupy 98 l at a pressure of 2.8 atmospheres and a temperature of 292 k?
"11.46" moles of gas occupy 98 L at 2.8 atm pressure.
Ideal gas equation:The equation characterizing the stages of hypothetical gasses stated mathematically involving combinations of empirical as well as physiological constants, is considered as Ideal gas equation.
According to the question,
Volume occupied, V = 98
Temperature, T = 292 k
Pressure, P = 2.8 atm
By using ideal gas equation, we get
→ PV = nRT
or,
→ n = [tex]\frac{PV}{RT}[/tex]
By substituting the above values, we get
= [tex]\frac{2.8\times 98}{0.082\times 292}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{274.4}{23.944}[/tex]
= [tex]11.46[/tex]
Thus the above answer is appropriate.
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Potassium-40 has a half-life of 1.3 billion years. as the potassium-40 isotope decays, it becomes argon. if a rock was formed with 12 g of potassium-40, approximately how long would it take for 75% of the potassium-40 to be replaced by argon?
a. 1.3 billion years
b. 2.6 billion years
c. 5.2 billion years
d. 650 million years
Final answer:
It takes two half-lives, or 2.6 billion years, for 75% of Potassium-40 to decay to Argon, making (b) 2.6 billion years the correct option.
Explanation:
The decay of Potassium-40 (K-40) to Argon (Ar-40) follows the principles of radioactive decay and the concept of half-lives. The half-life is the time it takes for half of the original quantity of a radioactive isotope to decay. In this case, K-40 has a half-life of approximately 1.3 billion years. After one half-life, there would be 6 grams of K-40 and 6 grams of Ar-40. After two half-lives, which is 2.6 billion years, there would be 3 grams of K-40 and 9 grams of Ar-40. Since the question asks for the time it would take for 75% of the potassium-40 to be replaced by argon, we are looking for the time it takes to have only 25% of the original K-40 remaining.
Starting with 12 grams of K-40, after the first half-life, we would be left with 6 grams of K-40, which is 50%. After the second half-life, we would be left with 3 grams of K-40, which is 25% of the original amount. Therefore, it would take two half-lives for 75% of the potassium-40 to decay to argon, which equates to 2.6 billion years. The correct option is therefore (b) 2.6 billion years.
How much is 2.50 g of CuCl2 in moles ?
Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering? a. waves washing over rocks on the beach b. acid rain falling on sidewalks c. ice forming in the cracks of rocks d. wind blowing against rocks
Answer:
b. Acid rain falling on sidewalks
Explanation:
Hello,
Acid rain contains majorly carbonic acid [tex]H_2CO_3[/tex] which could react with the concrete that is used to make sidewalks. This chemical reaction, although varies based on the concrete's composition, usually gives off carbon dioxide owing to the acid's instability and leads to the weathering since the sidewalks start to wear out and subsequently break down.
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The formula for the illegal drug cocaine is c17h21no4 (303.39 g/mol). what is the percentage of hydrogen in the compound? 21.09% 4.618% 67.30% 6.991% 3.959%
How many electrons are transferred during the formation of one molecule of al2o3?
In the formation of one molecule of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), a total of 6 electrons are transferred from two aluminum atoms to three oxygen atoms to maintain electrical neutrality.
Explanation:The formation of one molecule of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) involves the transfer of electrons between aluminum atoms and oxygen atoms. Each aluminum atom loses three electrons, becoming Al3+ ions, while each oxygen atom gains two electrons to become O2- ions. To maintain electrical neutrality, the compound must have equal numbers of positive and negative charges.
Therefore, to form one molecule of Al2O3, two aluminum atoms (2 Al) will lose a total of 6 electrons (2 Al × 3 e-), and three oxygen atoms will gain a total of 6 electrons (3 O × 2 e-) during the electron transfer process. The complete transfer involves 12 electrons changing places but, in effect, the number of electrons transferred is the total on one side of the reaction which is 6.
What do microarrays allow scientists to do
Which best describes the tyndall effect? the scattering of light by solutes in a mixture the scattering of light by solvent in a solution the scattering of light by solutes in a solution the scattering of light by particles in a mixt?
the scattering of light by particles in a mixture
Answer:The correct answer is option:'the scattering of light by particles in a mixture'.
Explanation:
Tyndall effect is defined as scattering of the light by the particles present in the mixture. A beam of the light passing through these mixture are visible to the human eyes. Generally colloidal mixture displays this type of effect. The name of his effect is named after the physicist named John Tyndall.
Hence, the correct answer is option:'the scattering of light by particles in a mixture'.