Answer:
The correct option here is C) larger barriers to entry.
Explanation:
A monopoly is a form of market where the number of sellers won't be much, as much of the market share is with one company, a really good example of it is Microsoft owning windows operating system.
Here the firms are price makers not price takers , as in monopoly a firm can control both supply and price of goods and service, as if a firm decides to decrease the supply it can sell products at a high cost.
It is really difficult for a new firm to enter in to market if the monopoly has been established , since there would be large initial cost to be incurred for entering and also it will be difficult for the new firm top compete with old one in taking over market share, so that it can also achieve similar low costs as of old one ( monopolist one )
Genent Industries, Inc. (GII), developed standard costs for direct material and direct labor. In 2017, GII estimated the following standard costs for one of their major products, the 30minusgallon heavyminusduty plastic container. Budgeted quantity Budgeted price Direct materials 0.7 pounds $ 30 per pound Direct labor 0.8 hours $ 13 per hour During July, GII produced and sold 3 comma 000 containers using 2 comma 400 pounds of direct materials at an average cost per pound of $ 29 and 2 comma 490 direct manufacturing labor hours at an average wage of $ 13.50 per hour. July's direct material flexibleminusbudget variance is ________.
Answer:
The quantity variance = -900 unfavorable
Explanation:
Direct materials flexibel - budget variance:
standard
0.7 pounds $30 per pound
3,000 x 0.7 = 2,100 standard pounds
actual
2,400 pound $29 per pound
quantity variance:
30(2,100 - 2,400) = -900
All differences between super-variable costing and absorption costing are explained by: A. the accounting for direct materials and manufacturing overhead costs. B. the accounting for direct labor and direct materials. C. the accounting for direct labor and manufacturing overhead costs. D. the accounting for manufacturing overhead costs.
Answer:
D. the accounting for manufacturing overhead costs.
Explanation:
Unver variable cost are treated as period expenses, which means they are not capitalize on inventory, overhead expenses are expenses in their full amount.
While underabsorption costing it is captialized, which means unit cost are higher, increasing inventory account and decreasing the expenses of the period when the production is higher than sales which is usually common situation.
In October 1, 2019, Westfield, Inc. sold machinery to a customer for $ 25 comma 000. The customer could not pay at the time of sale, but agreed to pay 12 months later, and signed a 12minusmonth note at 11% interest. How much interest revenue was earned during 2019? Round any intermediate calculations to two decimal places, and your final answer to the nearest dollar.
Answer:
Interest revenue for the year 2019 = $688
Explanation:
Total cost of asset = $25,000
Interest Revenue to be earned = 11% for 12 months
Total interest revenue = $25,000 X 11% = $2750
In the year 2011 the asset is sold on 1 October therefore interest revenue for the year 2011 will be from 1 October to 31 December = 3 months = $2,750 X [tex]\frac{3}{12}[/tex] = $687.50
Interest revenue for the year 2019 = $688
Classify the following items as Direct materials, Selling and administrative expense, Factory overhead, or Direct labor. a. Rent expense on factory building b. Sales supplies used c. Factory supplies used d. Indirect materials used e. Wages of assembly line personnel f. Cost of primary material used to make product g. Depreciation on office equipment h. Rent on office facilities i. Insurance expired on factory equipment j. Utilities incurred in the office k. Advertising expense
Answer:
a. Rent expense on factory building = Factory overhead, because it is the factory building. b. Sales supplies used = Selling and administrative expense.c. Factory supplies used = Factory overhead.d. Indirect materials used = Factory overhead.e. Wages of assembly line personnel = Direct Labor.f. Cost of primary material used to make product = Direct Materials.g. Depreciation on office equipment = Selling and administrative expense.h. Rent on office facilities = Selling and administrative expense.i. Insurance expired on factory equipment = Factory overhead. j. Utilities incurred in the office = Selling and administrative expense.Advertising expense = Selling and administrative expense.Direct materials, direct labor, factory overhead, and selling and administrative expenses are different categories of costs in a business.
Explanation:To classify the items, we need to understand their nature and purpose. Direct materials are materials used in the production of a product, such as the cost of primary material used to make the product. Direct labor refers to the wages of assembly line personnel who directly work on producing the product. Factory overhead includes indirect materials used, factory supplies used, and rent expense on the factory building. Selling and administrative expenses include sales supplies used, depreciation on office equipment, rent on office facilities, insurance expired on factory equipment, utilities incurred in the office, and advertising expense.
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Palencia Paints Corporation has a target capital structure of 35% debt and 65% common equity, with no preferred stock. Its before-tax cost of debt is 8%, and its marginal tax rate is 25%. The current stock price is P0 = $29.00. The last dividend was D0 = $2.25, and it is expected to grow at a 6% constant rate. What is its cost of common equity and its WACC? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to two decimal places.
Answer: THE COST OF EQUITY IS 14.2% AND WACC IS 11.33%
Explanation:
Here in the question we have been given the weight of debt(35% debt) and weight of equity(65% equity), with marginal tax rate as 25%, PO which is current stock price as $29 and DO which is he last dividend as $2.25, and lastly with growth rate of 6%.
So for us to calculate the cost of common equity, we have to use the approach of discounted cash flow(DCF), where we will us the formula of -
Dividend in the first year (D1) / Current price of stock (PO) + growth rate
Here we know the value of PO and growth rate but don't know the D1, so firstl we will have to calculate the D1 using formula =
D1 = D0 (1+GROWTH RATE)
= $2.25 ( 1+6%)
= $2.25 (1+.06)
= $ 2.385
Now putting the value of D1 in cost of common equity formula,
= $2.385 / $29 + 6%
= .082 + .06
= .142 ( when multiplied by 100 to make in percentage we get 14.2%)
therefore the cost of common equity is 14.2%
For taking out WACC ( weighted average cost of capital ) we will use the formula of =
weight of debt [cost of debt(1 - marginal tax rate)] + weight of equity x cost
of equity
= 35% [8%(1 - 25%)] + 65% x 14.2%
= .35 [.08(.75)] + .65 x .142
= .35 x .06 + .0923
= .021 + .0923
= .1133 ( multiplying by 100 to make it in percentage)
= 11.33%
The cost of common equity of Palencia Paints Corporation, calculated using the Gordon Growth Model, is approximately 8.22%. The Weighted Average Cost of Capital, incorporating debt and equity proportions as well as the cost of debt and tax rate, is approximately 7.09%.
Explanation:The cost of common equity can be calculated using the Gordon Growth Model. According to this model, the cost of equity (ke) is given by the formula: D1 / P0 + g
, where D1 is the dividend expected next year, P0 is the current stock price, and g is the growth rate of dividends. Here, D1 can be calculated as D0*(1+g) = $2.25 * (1+ 0.06) = $2.385. So, ke = $2.385 / $29 + 0.06 = 0.0822 or 8.22%. The Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) can be calculated using the formula:
WACC = ke * E/V + kd * (1−T) * D/V
, where E is the market value of equity, D is the market value of debt, V is the total market value of equity and debt, T is the tax rate, and kd is the cost of debt. Given the company's capital structure (35% debt and 65% equity), an 8% before-tax cost of debt, and a 25% tax rate, WACC would be: 0.0822 * 0.65 + 0.08 * (1 - 0.25) * 0.35 = 0.0709 or 7.09%.
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Treasury bills are currently paying 8 percent and the inflation rate is 2.8 percent. What is the approximate real rate of interest? (Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) Approximate real rate % What is the exact real rate? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Answer: Approximate real rate of interest = 5.2% and Exact real rate of interest = 5.058%
Explanation:
Inflation rate, π = 2.8%
T- bills currently paying = 8%
Approximate real rate of interest:
So, approximate real rate of interest = current rate - inflation rate
= 8% - 2.8%
= 5.2%
Exact real rate of interest:
Exact real rate of interest = [tex](\frac{1 + nominal rate}{1 + inflation rate} )-1[/tex]
= [tex](\frac{1 + 8%}{1 + 2.8%} )-1[/tex]
= 1.05 - 1
= 5.058%
A farmer is considering the purchase of additional land to expand operations. The marginal tax rate is 20% And He requires at least a 10% pre-tax, risk free return on capital and a 3% risk premium on projects on comparable risk. What is the after-tax, risk adjusted discount rate? r=[rbt +PREM](1-m)
Answer:
r = 10.4%
Explanation:
[tex]r = (r_{bt} + prem) (1-m) \\where: \\r = after \: tax, risk-free \: adjusted \: discount \: rate\\r_{bt} = rate \: before \: tax, risk \: free\\PREM = risk \: premium\\m = tax \: rate\\[/tex]
r = (.1+0.03) * (1-.20)
r= 0.104 = 10.4%
To gather evidence regarding the bank's balance in a bank reconciliation, an auditor would examine all of the following except theA.cutoff bank statement. B. general ledger. C. bank confirmation. D. year-end bank statemen
Answer:
B. general ledger.
Explanation:
hope this helped i did some research and that what i found xD
A farmer needs 500 vats of fertilizer a week during the summer. He has a barn that can hold plenty of vats which cost around $1 a week for storage & handling per vat. The ordering costs for a new order are $250 regardless of the order size. What is the EOQ for this farmer during the summer months?
Answer:
Explanation:
[tex]Q_{opt} = \sqrt{\frac{2DS}{H}}[/tex]
Where:
D = annual demand
S= supply cost = ordering cost
H= annual Holding Cost
We are asked for summer, so we work with a 3 months period
D = 500 * 12 weeks of summer = 6,000
S = 250
H= $1 x 12 weeks of summer = $12
[tex]Q_{opt} = \sqrt{\frac{2\times 6,000\times 250}{12}}[/tex]
[tex]Q_{opt} = 500[/tex]
How to Remember:
Demand per year and order cost goes in the dividend.
Holding cost goes in the divisor.
The farmer's Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) for the summer months, based on the given information, turns out to be 500 vats. This is calculated using the EOQ formula considering the annual demand, ordering cost, and holding cost.
Explanation:To calculate the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), we need to apply the EOQ formula which is as follows:
EOQ = √ ((2DS) / H)
In this formula, D is the annual demand, S is the ordering cost per order, and H is the holding cost per unit per year.
The farmer's annual demand is calculated as (500 vats/week * 4 weeks/month * 3 months/summer), which equals 6000 vats. The ordering cost (S) is $250, and the holding cost (H) is $1 per week per vat for the duration of the summer months which equals $12/vat.
Substituting these values into the EOQ formula gives: EOQ = √ ((2*6000*250) / 12), or EOQ = √ 250,000. So, the Economic Order Quantity for the farmer for the summer months is 500 vats.
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Wendy Epstein, a sales representative, earns an annual salary of $29,500 and receives a commission on that portion of her annual sales that exceeds $150,000. The commission is 8.5% on all sales up to $50,000 above the quota. Beyond that amount, she receives a commission of 10%. Her total sales for the past year were $295,000. Compute the following amounts:a. The regular annual salary $b. The commission $c. The total annual earnings $b. Calculate commission amounts on sales multiplied by commission percentages.c. Regular annual salary + commission = Total Annual earnings.
Answer:
a. Regular annual salary = $29,500
b. Sales commission = $13,750
c. Total annual earnings = $43,250
Explanation:
a. Regular annual salary is constant and fixed = $29,500
b. Sales commission for sales above $150,000 to $200,000 = 8.5%
On sales above $200,000 Sales commission = 10%
Actual Sales for the year = $295,000
Sales Commission
= $200,000 - $150,000 = $50,000 [tex]\times[/tex] 8.5% = $4,250
+ $295,000 - $200,000 = $95,000 [tex]\times[/tex] 10% = $9,500
Total commission = $4,250 + $9,500 = $13,750
c. Total annual earnings = Annual salary + Total commission
= $29,500 + $13,750 = $43,250
Final Answer
a. Regular annual salary = $29,500
b. Sales commission = $13,750
c. Total annual earnings = $43,250
Presented below is information for Carla Vista Co. for the month of January 2017. Cost of goods sold $220,100 Rent expense $33,000 Freight-out 9,500 Sales discounts 9,100 Insurance expense 13,400 Sales returns and allowances 20,000 Salaries and wages expense 63,100 Sales revenue 399,500 Income tax expense 5,000 Other comprehensive income (net of $400 tax) 2,000 . Prepare an income statement using the multi-step format.
Answer:
Explanation:
The income statement is that statement which reflects gains & income and expenditure & losses for a particular year
A multi step format of income statement show a classification of sales and expenses.
Like to compute net sales, we deduct sales discount & sales return and allowances from sales revenue
like this, there are various expenses such as administrative expenses, selling expenses which come under operating expenses.
Administrative expenses includes rent and sales & wages expenses. whereas, selling expenses includes freight out charges.
The insurance expenses is come when these all expenses are recorded.
The preparation of income statement using the multi-step format is given under attachment sheet.
Suppose that the USA can make 15,000,000 cars or 20,000,000 bottles of wine with one year's worth of labor. France can make 10,000,000 cars or 18,000,000 bottles of wine with one year's worth of labor. From these numbers, we can conclude:
Answer: The answer is as follows:
Explanation:
From these numbers, we can conclude that USA has a comparative in producing cars and France has a comparative advantage in producing bottles.
Opportunity cost shows that how many units of one good have to be foregone in order to produce one additional unit of other good.
In USA:
Opportunity cost of producing bottles = [tex]\frac{15000000}{20000000}[/tex]
= 0.75
Opportunity cost of producing cars = [tex]\frac{20000000}{15000000}[/tex]
= 1.33
In France:
Opportunity cost of producing bottles = [tex]\frac{10000000}{18000000}[/tex]
= 0.55
Opportunity cost of producing cars = [tex]\frac{18000000}{10000000}[/tex]
= 1.8
Above calculations clearly shows that USA has a lower opportunity in producing 1 unit of car as compared to the France, so it has a comparative advantage in producing cars.
Whereas, France has a lower opportunity in producing 1 unit of bottle as compared to the USA, so it has a comparative advantage in producing Bottles.
Final answer:
The USA has an absolute advantage over France in producing both cars and wine because it can produce a greater quantity of both with the same amount of labor. Comparative advantage suggests countries should specialize in producing goods with the lowest opportunity cost, enhancing trade efficiency.
Explanation:
The question you've asked pertains to the economic concept of opportunity costs and production possibilities, which fall under the subject of comparative advantage and absolute advantage in international trade theory.
When examining the production capabilities of the USA and France, we can determine their comparative and absolute advantages. The USA can produce 15,000,000 cars or 20,000,000 bottles of wine in a year with their labor. France can produce 10,000,000 cars or 18,000,000 bottles of wine in the same timeframe. By these numbers, the USA has an absolute advantage in producing both cars and wine since it can produce a greater quantity of both goods with a year's worth of labor than France can.
In contrast, when workers are analyzed in terms of productivity, such as in the example provided where 40 workers in the United States and Mexico make different products, we notice productivity differences. The comparison of how many products a certain number of workers can make in each country helps determine which country should specialize in which good. Specialization, according to comparative advantage, is based on which country has the lowest opportunity cost for producing a good. This concept promotes international trade efficiency.
Which of the following is most likely to characterize a fascist regime? Select one: a. a strong respect for human rights b. tolerance of ethnic and religious diversity c. centralized planning of the economy d. a propensity to engage in war
Answer: (D.) a propensity to engage in war
Explanation: A fascist regime or government is a political philosophy, movement, or regime that lauds nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized authoritarian government headed by a dictator, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition.
The term was first used by Italian political leader Benito Mussolini under his totalitarian, anti-communist government.
The most recent financial statements for Assouad, Inc., are shown here: Income Statement Balance Sheet Sales $ 11,100 Current assets $ 5,400 Current liabilities $ 3,300 Costs 7,900 Fixed assets 10,200 Long-term debt 4,820 Taxable income $ 3,200 Equity 7,480 Taxes (24%) 768 Total $ 15,600 Total $ 15,600 Net income $ 2,432 Assets, costs, and current liabilities are proportional to sales. Long-term debt and equity are not. The company maintains a constant 40 percent dividend payout ratio. As with every other firm in its industry, next year’s sales are projected to increase by exactly 17 percent. What is the external financing needed?
Final answer:
To calculate external financing needed for Assouad, Inc., we project next year's sales at a 17% increase and adjust balance sheet items proportionally. After projecting the balance sheet, we find a negative external financing needed of -$1,102.2, indicating that the firm does not need external financing and instead has surplus funds.
Explanation:
To calculate the external financing needed for Assouad, Inc., we first forecast next year's sales and the associated changes in the balance sheet items that are proportional to sales.
With a 17% increase in sales, next year's sales will be $11,100 x 1.17 = $12,987. The current assets, costs, and current liabilities will also increase by 17%. Fixed assets, long-term debt, and equity will not change because they are not proportional to sales according to the information provided.
Next, we determine the new levels of current assets and liabilities. Current assets will be $5,400 x 1.17 = $6,318 and current liabilities will be $3,300 x 1.17 = $3,861. The increase in retained earnings is found by taking the net income after dividends, which is (1 - dividend payout ratio) x net income = (1 - 0.40) x $2,432 = $1,459.2.
Now, we can outline the projected balance sheet for the next year:
Current assets: $6,318Fixed assets: $10,200 (unchanged)Total assets: Current assets + Fixed assets = $6,318 + $10,200 = $16,518Current liabilities: $3,861Long-term debt: $4,820 (unchanged)Equity: Existing equity + increase in retained earnings = $7,480 + $1,459.2 = $8,939.2Total liabilities and equity: Current liabilities + Long-term debt + Equity = $3,861 + $4,820 + $8,939.2 = $17,620.2The external financing needed (EFN) is the difference between the total projected assets and the total projected liabilities and equity. EFN = Total assets - Total liabilities and equity = $16,518 - $17,620.2 = -$1,102.2. A negative EFN suggests that the firm does not need external financing and has an excess of funds.
At the Fish Dish Restaurant, the forecast for Thursday afternoon’s lunch period was 200 meals served. The manager used the restaurant’s staffing guide to schedule employees to work and ended the lunch shift with total labor costs of $425. If the actual lunch revenue amounted to $1,250 and the budgeted lunch labor cost percentage for the month was 32 percent, how close to budget were the labor costs for Thursday’s lunch period?
Final answer:
The labor costs for Thursday's lunch period at the Fish Dish Restaurant were $25 over budget.
Explanation:
To determine how close the labor costs for Thursday's lunch period were to budget, we need to compare the actual labor costs to the budgeted labor costs. The budgeted lunch labor cost percentage for the month was 32%, which means the budgeted labor cost for Thursday's lunch would be 32% of the lunch revenue. The budgeted labor cost can be calculated by multiplying the lunch revenue by the budgeted labor cost percentage: $1,250 x 0.32 = $400.
Since the actual labor costs for Thursday's lunch period were $425, we can determine how close they were to budget by finding the difference between the actual labor costs and the budgeted labor cost: $425 - $400 = $25.The labor costs for Thursday's lunch period were $25 more than the budgeted labor cost. Therefore, they were $25 over budget.Lopez Company uses both standards and budgets. For the year, estimated production of Product X is 597,000 units. Total estimated cost for materials and labor are $1,194,000 and $1,671,600. Compute the estimates for (a) a standard cost and (b) a budgeted cost. (Round standard costs to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.25.)
Answer: (a) Materials = $2 and Labor = $2.8
(b) Materials = $11,94,000 and Labor = $16,71,600
Explanation:
(a) Standard cost :
Standard cost is evaluated as a per unit amount.
For Materials,
= [tex]\frac{1194000}{597000}[/tex]
= $2
For Labor,
= [tex]\frac{1671600}{597000}[/tex]
= $2.8
(a) Budgeted cost :
Budget cost are evaluated as the total amount.
Therefore, for this year the budgeted cost are Materials = $11,94,000 and Labor = $16,71,600
The standard cost per unit of product X would be $4.80 while the total budgeted cost would be $2,865,600.
Explanation:The standard cost of producing one unit of product X can be calculated by adding the costs for materials and labor, and then dividing by the total number of units. In this case, we need to add $1,194,000 and $1,671,600 together, then divide by the estimated production of 597,000 units:
($1,194,000 + $1,671,600) / 597,000 = $4.80/unit
The budgeted cost is calculated as the total estimated costs for materials and labor without dividing by the units. This is because budgeted cost is the total cost that a company expects to incur, not the cost per unit. Therefore, it would simply be the sum of $1,194,000 and $1,671,600 giving a total of $2,865,600.
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Bayside Coatings Company purchased waterproofing equipment on January 2, 20Y4, for $190,000. The equipment was expected to have a useful life of four years and a residual value of $9,000. Instructions: Determine the amount of depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 20Y4, 20Y5, 20Y6, and 20Y7, by (a) the straight-line method and (b) the double-declining-balance method. Also determine the total depreciation expense for the four years by each method. Depreciation Expense Year Straight-Line Method Double-Declining-Balance Method 20Y4 $ $ 20Y5 20Y6 20Y7 Total $
Answer & Explanation:
Straight Line table
[tex]\left[\begin{array}{cccc}Year&dep \: expense&acc \: dep&net\: book \: value\\0&-&-&190,000\\1&45,250&45,250&144,750\\2&45,250&90,500&99,500\\3&45,250&135,750&54,250\\4&45,250&181,000&9,000\\\end{array}\right][/tex]
The straight-line Method is simply and easy to understand, It distribute the depreciation equally between years. So that implies that the formula should be:
[tex]\frac{Adquisition \: Value- \: Salvage \: Value}{useful \: life}= Depreciation \: coplete \: year[/tex]
195,000 - 9,000 = 181,000
181,000 / 4 = 45,250
Double Declining table
[tex]\left[\begin{array}{cccc}Year&Dep \: Exp&Acc \: Dep&Ending \:Book \:Value\\0&-&-&190,000\\1&95,000&95,000&95,000\\2&47,500&142,500&47,500\\3&23,750&166,250&23,750\\4&14,750&181,000&9,000\\\end{array}\right][/tex]
The Double declining You double the straight line rate
[tex]\frac{1}{useful \: life} \times 2 = DD \: rate \\\\(1/4) \times 2 = 1/2[/tex]
Current Book Value x rate = depreciation expense
190,000 x 1/2 = 95,000
The straight-line method results in a total depreciation expense of $181,000 over four years, while the double-declining-balance method results in a total depreciation expense of $200,500 over the same period.
Explanation:To calculate the depreciation expense using the straight-line method, we subtract the residual value from the initial cost of the equipment, and then divide that value by the useful life of the equipment. For each year, the depreciation expense will be the same ($45,250). Therefore, the total depreciation expense for the four years using the straight-line method will be $181,000.
To calculate the depreciation expense using the double-declining-balance method, we start with the initial cost of the equipment and multiply it by twice the straight-line rate (2/4 = 0.5). For each year, we multiply the previous year's book value by the double-declining-balance rate. The double-declining-balance method allows for higher depreciation expense in the early years. The total depreciation expense for the four years using the double-declining-balance method will be $200,500.
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We can represent the entry of new firms into a monopolistically competitive market by shifting the existing firms’: a) demand curves downward. b) demand curves upward.c) marginal revenue curves upward. d) cost curves upward. e) cost curves downward.
Answer:
We can represent the entry of new firms into a monopolistically competitive market by shifting the existing firms' cost curves upward. - d)
The entry of new firms into a monopolistically competitive market by shifting the existing firms’ d) cost curves upward.
What is monopolistically competitive market?Monopolistic competition is a type of market structure where many companies are present in an industry, and they produce similar but differentiated products.
None of the companies enjoy a monopoly, and each company operates independently without regard to the actions of other companies.
What are the characteristics of a monopolistically competitive market?Four characteristics of a monopolistically competitive industry are:
Many sellers. There are many sellers in this industry.Easy entrance. Firms in monopolistic competition are small.Differentiated products. Firms in this industry sell differentiated products.Local Advertising.To learn more about monopolistically competitive market, refer
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You have been hired to do a study of the cooking process at a restaurant. The manager has hired your consulting firm because he has heard that you specialize in work measurement studies. You arrive at the restaurant, and your first task is to observe the steak cooking station. The cooks pretty much stand in one location while cooking but have a lot of hand motion. The process is they reach for a steak, throw it on the grill, reach for the spices, sprinkle the spices on the steaks, turn the steak over at the proper moment, again sprinkle with spices, and finally put on the plate.What is the best methods analysis to use to identify wasted motion and idle time of the chefs cooking steaks? __________
Answer: Predetermined motion time system and synthetic method .
Explanation:
Predetermined motion time system : It is used to compute minute costing in labor oriented industries to ascertain and fix the wage rates of workers. In this system conditions are predefined and amount of time required to complete the task under such conditions is ascertained.
.
Synthetic method : This is also called division method, under this different activities required to perform the task is divided and the time for completing the each is recorded to find the activity in which idle time is going.
Final answer:
To identify wasted motion and idle time of chefs cooking steaks, a Time and Motion Study is the best method. This, combined with applying scientific management principles, can help standardize the most efficient methods for cooking steaks, thus improving overall efficiency at the restaurant.
Explanation:
The best methods analysis to use to identify wasted motion and idle time of the chefs cooking steaks in a restaurant is a Time and Motion Study. This method involves observing and recording the time it takes for chefs to complete each task involved in cooking steaks, including reaching for a steak, seasoning it, flipping it, and plating. By analyzing this data, you can identify any inefficiencies or unnecessary steps in the process. For example, if there is significant idle time between flipping the steak and seasoning, there might be opportunities to optimize these steps for better efficiency. Additionally, process analysis can provide insights into how all steps work together and identify opportunities for streamlining or reorganizing tasks to reduce overall cooking time and increase productivity.
Applying scientific management principles, as developed by Frederick Taylor, can also be beneficial. These principles focus on analyzing and planning work to improve efficiency. By standardizing the most efficient methods discovered through the Time and Motion Study, the restaurant can ensure that all chefs are trained to use the same optimized methods, reducing wasted motion and idle time even further.
Which of the following are examples of job amenities?A. a child-care center at work B. health insurance benefits C. pleasant working conditions D. a workplace gymnasiumE. all of the above
Answer:
The correct option here is E) all of the above.
Explanation:
Job amenities are nothing but the perks or benefits that a employee receives from his or her employer company . There can be various benefits that a employee can receive like health insurance, pension plan , dental insurance, vacation, or sick days , good working conditions etc.
All of the choices given in the question are examples of job amenities that a employee receives
If labor and capital are perfect substitutes: A. isoquants are linear and downward sloping. B. cost-minimizing firms will generally use only labor or only capital in production, depending on the relative prices of labor and capital. C. the elasticity of substitution between the inputs is infinite. D. All of the above are correct. E. None of the above is correct.
Answer: (D.) All of the above are correct.
Explanation: If the factors of production are perfect substitutes then the following will hold true :
A. Isoquants are linear and downward sloping.
B. Cost-minimizing firms will generally use only labor or only capital in production, depending on the relative prices of labor and capital.
C. The elasticity of substitution between the inputs is infinite.
When Andrea is presenting the new line of Johnson and Johnson products to her clients at CVS, she learns that they are apprehensive about buying more Band-aid products from J & J due to the decline in Band-aid brand sales within the last year. Andrea responds to their concerns by presenting them with the newest form of Band-aid, Band-aid Liquid, and proceeds to show them information about the dramatic increase in Band-aid sales in their test market. Andrea's _____ presentation is consistent with the _____ orientation. Formula selling; Sales Formula selling; Marketing Adaptive selling; Production Adaptive selling; Sales Adaptive selling; Marketing
In Andrea's case, it is evident that her marketing presentation technique is consistent with the adaptive selling orientation. It is a technique of product marketing that helps in boosting sales.
What are product marketing techniques?A product marketing technique is referred as a such a technique where a potential market for the product is oriented in such a way that there are higher chances in increase of sales.
In this technique, new methods and technological advancements of a product are generated in driving and boosting the overall sales of a firm, similar to the technique used by Andrea to marker for her company's band-aids.
Hence, it can be stated that Andrea's marketing presentation is consistent with the adaptive selling orientation.
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Andrea's interaction with CVS clients featuring the Band-aid Liquid shows an Adaptive selling approach aligned with a Marketing orientation, tailoring her presentation to meet specific client concerns and market data.
Andrea's Adaptive selling presentation is consistent with the Marketing orientation. In this scenario, Andrea is responding to the specific concerns of CVS clients regarding a decline in Band-aid sales by presenting a new product, the Band-aid Liquid, and sharing data about its increased sales in a test market.
This approach is adaptive because she tailors her pitch to address the clients' apprehensions and demonstrates an understanding of the marketing strategy, which includes accommodating different market needs and customer feedback, as seen in J&J's willingness to adjust margins and product sizes for different markets. Andrea's approach aligns with a marketing orientation because it focuses on meeting the customer's needs and wants rather than just pushing a product with a set sale presentation.
Lohn Corporation is expected to pay the following dividends over the next four years: $16, $12, $11, and $6.50. Afterward, the company pledges to maintain a constant 5 percent growth rate in dividends forever. If the required return on the stock is 12 percent, what is the current share price?
Answer:
Intrinsic Value of the bond $90.69
Explanation:
[tex]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}Year&Dividends&Present Value\\1&16&14.2857142857143\\2&12&9.56632653061224\\3&11&7.82958272594752\\4&92.8571428571429&59.0123929947343\\Intrinsic&Value&90.6940165370084\\\end{array}\right][/tex]
The dividends value are givens:
Then on year 4 we apply the Dividends growth model
[tex]\frac{divends}{return-growth} = Intrinsic \: Value[/tex]
[tex]\frac{6.50 }{0.12-0.05} = Intrinsic \: Value[/tex]
Next step, we take all the values to present date
[tex]\frac{Nominal}{(1+rate)^{time} } = PV[/tex]
Year 1 /1.12
Year 2 /1.12^2
Year 3 /1.12^3
Year 4 /1.12^4
Final step, we add them to get the intrinsic value of the bond today.
The current share price is found by calculating the present value of dividends for the first four years, then calculating the present value of the growing perpetuity starting at year 5 and discounting it back to today.
Explanation:The current share price of Lohn Corporation can be calculated using the concept of the present value of dividends and the required return on the stock. In the first four years, we calculate the present value of each year's dividend by dividing them by (1 + required return) raised to the power of the respective year number. Therefore, the present value of the dividends for the initial 4 years would be: (16/(1+0.12)) + (12/(1+0.12)²) + (11/(1+0.12)³) + (6.50/(1+0.12)^4). After these four years, the dividends will grow at a stable rate of 5%. This represents a growing perpetuity which can be calculated by the formula: Dividend in year 5 / (Required return - Constant growth rate) which gives us (6.5*1.05) /(12% - 5%). We find the present value of this perpetuity at year 4 before adding it to the present value of the first four dividends to find the current share price.
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Bayside began 2014 with an inventory T-account debit balance of $155,000. Inventory purchases during the year amounted to $75,000. There were no inventory-related write-downs or losses. What is its December 31, 2014, inventory account balance?
Final answer:
Bayside's December 31, 2014, inventory account balance is $230,000, calculated by adding the year's purchases of $75,000 to the beginning inventory of $155,000.
Explanation:
The question asks for the December 31, 2014, inventory account balance of Bayside, given an opening inventory of <$strong>155,000 and inventory purchases amounting to <$strong>75,000 during the year, with no inventory-related write-downs or losses. To calculate the ending inventory balance, we need to add the purchases during the year to the beginning inventory balance since no other adjustments like sales or write-downs are mentioned.
Beginning Inventory: $155,000 + Purchases during the year: $75,000 = Ending Inventory: $230,000Therefore, Bayside's inventory account balance on December 31, 2014, is $230,000.
Which of the following would not require the company to record an accrual on the balance sheet? Select one: A. The company owes $43,000 in wages to its employees for the previous two weeks. B. Interest will be paid when a note payable matures in the following accounting period C. Management believes a lawsuit against the company is meritless because they have never had a single complaint about dangerous side effects of their drug in two years. D. The company knows that they will be fined for pollution as a result of their manufacturing process and can estimate the amount of the obligation. E. None of the above
Answer:
C. Management believes a lawsuit against the company is meritless because they have never had a single complaint about dangerous side effects of their drug in two years
Explanation:
The contingency is not estimable, and the company is not expecting to do any cash disbursement. At most, it will be disclosure on a footnote because it doesn't know the amount of the lawsuit or probability of occurring.
Vid Co., is a young start-up company. No dividends will be paid on the stock over the next nine years because the firm needs to plow back its earnings to fuel growth. The company will pay a $12 per share dividend 10 years from today and will increase the dividend by 4 percent per year thereafter. If the required return on this stock is 13 percent, what is the current share price? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Answer:Therefore the current stock price is [tex]P_{0}[/tex] = $44.384
Explanation:
Stock price for [tex]9^{th}[/tex] year or [tex]P_{9}[/tex] is as follows:
[tex]P_{9} = \frac{Next Dividend\left ( D_{10} \right )}{(Required Rate(r) - Growth rate(g))}[/tex]
[tex]P_{9}[/tex] = [tex][\frac{12}{(13-4)}][/tex]
[tex]P_{9}[/tex] = $133.33
The current stock price or [tex]P_{0}[/tex] is
[tex]P_{0}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{P_{9}}{(1 + Required rate of return)^9}[/tex]
[tex]P_{0}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{133.33}{(1 + 0.13)^9}[/tex]
[tex]P_{0}[/tex] = $44.384
Therefore the current stock price is [tex]P_{0}[/tex] = $44.384
Albright Motors is expected to pay a year-end dividend of $3.00 a share (D1 = $3.00). The stock currently sells for $30 a share. The required (and expected) rate of return on the stock is 16 percent. If the dividend is expected to grow at a constant rate, g, what is g?
Answer: 14.4%
Explanation: The G that we are computing in this question is the sustainable growth rate, it is the growth rate that a company can attain and maintain without any problem.
we know that,
growth = (retention ratio)*(return on equity)
growth = (1- dividend payout ratio)*(return on equity)
[tex]growth\:=\:\left ( 1-\frac{3}{30} \right )*\left ( 0.16 \right )[/tex]
growth = 14.4%
A manufacturer would likely make an ___________ in a market following the long-run process of beginning and expanding production in response to ________________ .
Answer:
A manufacturer would likely make an entry in a market following the long-run process of beginning and expanding production in response to a sustained pattern of profits.
A manufacturer would likely make an entry into a market following the long-run process of beginning and expanding production in response to a sustained pattern of profits.
What is manufacturer market entry?A manufacturer that enters the market having perfect competition often experiences NO entry barriers. Here, in the short-run profits are high but to maintain this profit in the long run, expansion of production is needed.
Therefore, long-run provides normal profits in a sustained manner to a large number of manufacturers.
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A basic tenet of variable costing is that fixed manufacturing overhead costs be currently expensed. What is the rationale behind this? A. Fixed manufacturing overhead costs occur regardless of level of production. B. Fixed manufacturing costs change as production changes. C. Allocation of fixed manufacturing costs are arbitrary at best. D. Fixed manufacturing overhead costs are generally immaterial in amount.
Answer:
C. Allocation of fixed manufacturing costs are arbitrary at best.
Explanation:
A.- Yes, fixed cost occurs regardless of the level of production, but that is true for every costing method, and some of them do calculate a unit rate for fixed overhead. the statment is partially true
B.- If fixed cost changes with the level of production then, are variable cost, not fixed. Statement is FALSE
C. The allocation of fixed manufacturing costs is arbitrary at best. This is the reasoning for variable costing to consider fixed cost expenses, the method of allocating cost, using a rate always generates a difference in applied and overapplied MO It generates distortions and is not objective, it is based on personal option. The use of direct labor hours, cost or machine hours is evidence of that. TRUE
D.- There is such a cost, like depreciation, but others do incur in cash disbursements, like rent, indirect materials, supervisors, maintenance cost and others.is Statment is FALSE
Fixed manufacturing overhead costs are expensed in variable costing as they occur regardless of production levels, aiding in cost analysis and decision-making.
One of the reasons behind expensing fixed manufacturing overhead costs in variable costing is that fixed manufacturing overhead costs occur regardless of the level of production. This means that even if production levels change, fixed overhead costs remain constant.
Expensing fixed manufacturing overhead costs aligns with the principle of variable costing, where only variable costs are included in the cost of goods sold. This method helps in providing a clear understanding of the costs directly tied to production.
By immediately expensing fixed manufacturing overhead costs, companies can better analyze the cost of producing each unit and make informed decisions on pricing and production levels.
If consumption increases, a) the SRAS curve will shift rightward, which will push the price level up. b) the SRAS curve will shift leftward, which will push the price level up. c) the AD curve will shift leftward, which will push the price level down. d) the AD curve will shift rightward, which will push the price level up.
Answer: Option (d) is correct
If consumption increases, the AD curve will shift rightward, which will increase the price level.
Explanation:
If the consumption increases in an economy as a result there is a rightward shift in the aggregate demand curve. This shift in the aggregate demand curve lead to increase in the price level as well as in the output level.
Because there is more demand in the economy which gives an advantage for the producer to charge higher price.
If consumption increases, the AD curve will shift rightward, which will push the price level up. The correct answer is option D.
When consumption rises, aggregate demand (AD) increases, leading to a rightward shift of the AD curve. This higher demand, with the same short-run aggregate supply (SRAS), results in upward pressure on the price level, reflecting inflationary tendencies. This is a fundamental concept in macroeconomics where demand-side factors directly influence the price levels and economic output.
Increase in consumption leads to higher aggregate demand.AD curve shift rightward increases price levels.Reflects inflationary pressure in the short run.Understanding these shifts helps in analyzing economic policies and their impact on inflation and overall economic health.