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During the Renaissance, the downfall of feudalism and rise of city-states, new focus on humanism and individualism, and the advent of the printing press led to a significant shift in art and thought from religious themes to a focus on secular subjects and the natural world.

The Renaissance was a period of great cultural and intellectual change that began in Italy around the 14th century and lasted until the 17th century.

One of the principal environmental factors that caused a shift in the subject matter was the downfall of the feudal system and the rise of city-states, which led to an increase in commerce and the creation of a new wealthy class. This newfound wealth led to patronage of the arts and an interest in secular subjects independent of the church.

Another critical environmental factor was the advent of Humanism, a cultural and intellectual movement that emphasized the importance and worth of the individual, the pursuit of knowledge, and the exploration of the natural world. This shift marked a significant departure from the predominately religious themes of the middle ages.

Another key factor was the invention of the printing press, which democratized knowledge and allowed for greater dissemination of new ideas and subjects directly influencing the themes and subjects that artists and thinkers focused on during the Renaissance.

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During the Renaissance, the humanist movement, rediscovery of ancient cultures, urbanization, trade expansion, and the invention of the printing press encouraged a shift from mainly religious towards more secular and human-centered themes in art and literature.

The Renaissance marked a significant shift in art and literature due, in part, to major environmental changes during this period. A primary factor was the influence of the humanist movement which prioritized human experiences and interests, diverging from the primarily religious themes of the Middle Ages. Additionally, the rediscovery and revival of ancient Greco-Roman cultures nurtured an environment that encouraged artists and writers to explore themes of human anatomy, natural landscapes, and everyday life.

The epoch also witnessed burgeoning urbanization, the expansion of trade, and the invention of movable type and the printing press, which paved the way for an increasingly literate population and the spread of ideas. This environment provided the necessary shift for artists and thinkers to experiment with and add more secular-themed works.

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Answer:

Explanation: Remain with your horn still up until your director/conductor gives you the signal to bring your horns down.